1
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Rathbone HW, Laos AJ, Michie KA, Iranmanesh H, Biazik J, Goodchild SC, Thordarson P, Green BR, Curmi PMG. Molecular dissection of the soluble photosynthetic antenna from the cryptophyte alga Hemiselmis andersenii. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1158. [PMID: 37957226 PMCID: PMC10643455 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptophyte algae have a unique phycobiliprotein light-harvesting antenna that fills a spectral gap in chlorophyll absorption from photosystems. However, it is unclear how the antenna transfers energy efficiently to these photosystems. We show that the cryptophyte Hemiselmis andersenii expresses an energetically complex antenna comprising three distinct spectrotypes of phycobiliprotein, each composed of two αβ protomers but with different quaternary structures arising from a diverse α subunit family. We report crystal structures of the major phycobiliprotein from each spectrotype. Two-thirds of the antenna consists of open quaternary form phycobiliproteins acting as primary photon acceptors. These are supplemented by a newly discovered open-braced form (~15%), where an insertion in the α subunit produces ~10 nm absorbance red-shift. The final components (~15%) are closed forms with a long wavelength spectral feature due to substitution of a single chromophore. This chromophore is present on only one β subunit where asymmetry is dictated by the corresponding α subunit. This chromophore creates spectral overlap with chlorophyll, thus bridging the energetic gap between the phycobiliprotein antenna and the photosystems. We propose that the macromolecular organization of the cryptophyte antenna consists of bulk open and open-braced forms that transfer excitations to photosystems via this bridging closed form phycobiliprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W Rathbone
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- UMR144 Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Alistair J Laos
- UNSW RNA Institute and School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Katharine A Michie
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Hasti Iranmanesh
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Joanna Biazik
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- School of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- UNSW RNA Institute and School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Beverley R Green
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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2
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Boyton I, Goodchild SC, Diaz D, Elbourne A, Collins-Praino LE, Care A. Characterizing the Dynamic Disassembly/Reassembly Mechanisms of Encapsulin Protein Nanocages. ACS Omega 2022; 7:823-836. [PMID: 35036749 PMCID: PMC8757444 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulins, self-assembling icosahedral protein nanocages derived from prokaryotes, represent a versatile set of tools for nanobiotechnology. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying encapsulin self-assembly, disassembly, and reassembly is lacking. Here, we characterize the disassembly/reassembly properties of three encapsulin nanocages that possess different structural architectures: T = 1 (24 nm), T = 3 (32 nm), and T = 4 (42 nm). Using spectroscopic techniques and electron microscopy, encapsulin architectures were found to exhibit varying sensitivities to the denaturant guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl), extreme pH, and elevated temperature. While all three encapsulins showed the capacity to reassemble following GuHCl-induced disassembly (within 75 min), only the smallest T = 1 nanocage reassembled after disassembly in basic pH (within 15 min). Furthermore, atomic force microscopy revealed that all encapsulins showed a significant loss of structural integrity after undergoing sequential disassembly/reassembly steps. These findings provide insights into encapsulins' disassembly/reassembly dynamics, thus informing their future design, modification, and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Boyton
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Sophia C. Goodchild
- Department
of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South
Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Dennis Diaz
- Department
of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South
Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School
of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino
- Adelaide
Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Andrew Care
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- ARC Centre
of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie
University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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3
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Hossain KR, Clayton D, Goodchild SC, Rodger A, Payne RJ, Cornelius F, Clarke RJ. Order-disorder transitions of cytoplasmic N-termini in the mechanisms of P-type ATPases. Faraday Discuss 2021; 232:172-187. [PMID: 34549220 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00040j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Membrane protein structure and function are modulated via interactions with their lipid environment. This is particularly true for integral membrane pumps, the P-type ATPases. These ATPases play vital roles in cell physiology, where they are associated with the transport of cations and lipids, thereby generating and maintaining crucial (electro-)chemical potential gradients across the membrane. Several pumps (Na+, K+-ATPase, H+, K+-ATPase and the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase) which are located in the asymmetric animal plasma membrane have been found to possess polybasic (lysine-rich) domains on their cytoplasmic surfaces, which are thought to act as phosphatidylserine (PS) binding domains. In contrast, the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, located within an intracellular organelle membrane, does not possess such a domain. Here we focus on the lysine-rich N-termini of the plasma-membrane-bound Na+, K+- and H+, K+-ATPases. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the N-termini of these proteins were found, via quartz crystal microbalance and circular dichroism measurements, to interact via an electrostatic interaction with PS-containing membranes, thereby undergoing an increase in helical or other secondary structure content. As well as influencing ion pumping activity, it is proposed that this interaction could provide a mechanism for sensing the lipid asymmetry of the plasma membrane, which changes drastically when a cell undergoes apoptosis, i.e. programmed cell death. Thus, polybasic regions of plasma membrane-bound ion pumps could potentially perform the function of a "death sensor", signalling to a cell to reduce pumping activity and save energy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Clayton
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alison Rodger
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Flemming Cornelius
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ronald J Clarke
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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4
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Ariawan AD, Sun B, Wojciechowski JP, Lin I, Du EY, Goodchild SC, Cranfield CG, Ittner LM, Thordarson P, Martin AD. Effect of polar amino acid incorporation on Fmoc-diphenylalanine-based tetrapeptides. Soft Matter 2020; 16:4800-4805. [PMID: 32400837 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00320d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peptide hydrogels show great promise as extracellular matrix mimics due to their tuneable, fibrous nature. Through incorporation of polar cationic, polar anionic or polar neutral amino acids into the Fmoc-diphenylalanine motif, we show that electrostatic charge plays a key role in the properties of the subsequent gelators. Specifically, we show that an inverse relationship exists for biocompatibility in the solution state versus the gel state for cationic and anionic peptides. Finally, we use tethered bilayer lipid membrane (tBLM) experiments to suggest a likely mode of cytotoxicity for tetrapeptides which exhibit cytotoxicity in the solution state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daryl Ariawan
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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5
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Sun B, Ariawan AD, Warren H, Goodchild SC, In Het Panhuis M, Ittner LM, Martin AD. Programmable enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine-lysine tetrapeptides. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3104-3112. [PMID: 32207762 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00250j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control the response of self-assembled systems upon exposure to external stimuli has been a long-standing goal of supramolecular chemistry. Short peptides are an attractive platform to realise this objective due to their chemical diversity and modular nature. Here, we synthesise a library of Fmoc-capped tetrapeptides, each containing two tyrosine and two lysine residues and varying in their amino acid sequence. Despite having similar secondary structure, these tetrapeptides form structures which are highly sequence dependent, yielding aggregates, nanofibres or monomers. This in turn highly affects the rate and degree of oxidative polymerisation by the enzyme tyrosinase, with self-assembled nanofibres exhibiting a greater degree of polymerisation. We monitor the formation of tyrosine oxidation products over time, finding that the precipitation of polymers is driven by quinone-based species. This affects the electrochemical properties of the oxidised peptide polymers, as determined through electrical impedance spectroscopy. Finally, intrinsic fluorescence microscale thermophoresis studies confirm that the degree of oxidative polymerisation is highly dependent on tyrosine solvent accessibility and the presence of peptide monomers. The ability to tune the kinetics of enzymatically active substrates and understand their polymerisation pathways on a molecular level is important for the creation of programmable, enzyme responsive biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Sun
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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6
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Karamanos TK, Jackson MP, Calabrese AN, Goodchild SC, Cawood EE, Thompson GS, Kalverda AP, Hewitt EW, Radford SE. Structural mapping of oligomeric intermediates in an amyloid assembly pathway. eLife 2019; 8:46574. [PMID: 31552823 PMCID: PMC6783270 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient oligomers are commonly formed in the early stages of amyloid assembly. Determining the structure(s) of these species and defining their role(s) in assembly is key to devising new routes to control disease. Here, using a combination of chemical kinetics, NMR spectroscopy and other biophysical methods, we identify and structurally characterize the oligomers required for amyloid assembly of the protein ΔN6, a truncation variant of human β2-microglobulin (β2m) found in amyloid deposits in the joints of patients with dialysis-related amyloidosis. The results reveal an assembly pathway which is initiated by the formation of head-to-head non-toxic dimers and hexamers en route to amyloid fibrils. Comparison with inhibitory dimers shows that precise subunit organization determines amyloid assembly, while dynamics in the C-terminal strand hint to the initiation of cross-β structure formation. The results provide a detailed structural view of early amyloid assembly involving structured species that are not cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros K Karamanos
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P Jackson
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio N Calabrese
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Emma E Cawood
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gary S Thompson
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Arnout P Kalverda
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Eric W Hewitt
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sheena E Radford
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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7
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Michie KA, Bermeister A, Robertson NO, Goodchild SC, Curmi PMG. Two Sides of the Coin: Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin and Merlin Control Membrane Structure and Contact Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081996. [PMID: 31018575 PMCID: PMC6515277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The merlin-ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) family of proteins plays a central role in linking the cellular membranes to the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Merlin regulates contact inhibition and is an integral part of cell–cell junctions, while ERM proteins, ezrin, radixin and moesin, assist in the formation and maintenance of specialized plasma membrane structures and membrane vesicle structures. These two protein families share a common evolutionary history, having arisen and separated via gene duplication near the origin of metazoa. During approximately 0.5 billion years of evolution, the merlin and ERM family proteins have maintained both sequence and structural conservation to an extraordinary level. Comparing crystal structures of merlin-ERM proteins and their complexes, a picture emerges of the merlin-ERM proteins acting as switchable interaction hubs, assembling protein complexes on cellular membranes and linking them to the actin cytoskeleton. Given the high level of structural conservation between the merlin and ERM family proteins we speculate that they may function together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Michie
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Adam Bermeister
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Neil O Robertson
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
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8
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Rathbone HW, Davis JA, Michie KA, Goodchild SC, Robertson NO, Curmi PMG. Coherent phenomena in photosynthetic light harvesting: part two-observations in biological systems. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1443-1463. [PMID: 30242555 PMCID: PMC6233342 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable debate surrounds the question of whether or not quantum mechanics plays a significant, non-trivial role in photosynthetic light harvesting. Many have proposed that quantum superpositions and/or quantum transport phenomena may be responsible for the efficiency and robustness of energy transport present in biological systems. The critical experimental observations comprise the observation of coherent oscillations or "quantum beats" via femtosecond laser spectroscopy, which have been observed in many different light harvesting systems. Part Two of this review aims to provide an overview of experimental observations of energy transfer in the most studied light harvesting systems. Length scales, derived from crystallographic studies, are combined with energy and time scales of the beats observed via spectroscopy. A consensus is emerging that most long-lived (hundreds of femtoseconds) coherent phenomena are of vibrational or vibronic origin, where the latter may result in coherent excitation transport within a protein complex. In contrast, energy transport between proteins is likely to be incoherent in nature. The question of whether evolution has selected for these non-trivial quantum phenomena may be an unanswerable question, as dense packings of chromophores will lead to strong coupling and hence non-trivial quantum phenomena. As such, one cannot discern whether evolution has optimised light harvesting systems for high chromophore density or for the ensuing quantum effects as these are inextricably linked and cannot be switched off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W Rathbone
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Jeffery A Davis
- Centre for Quantum and Optical Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Katharine A Michie
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neil O Robertson
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
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9
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Rathbone HW, Davis JA, Michie KA, Goodchild SC, Robertson NO, Curmi PMG. Coherent phenomena in photosynthetic light harvesting: part one-theory and spectroscopy. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1427-1441. [PMID: 30215194 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of non-trivial quantum mechanical effects in biology has been the subject of intense scrutiny over the past decade. Much of the focus on potential "quantum biology" has been on energy transfer processes in photosynthetic light harvesting systems. Ultrafast laser spectroscopy of several light harvesting proteins has uncovered coherent oscillations dubbed "quantum beats" that persist for hundreds of femtoseconds and are putative signatures for quantum transport phenomena. This review describes the language and basic quantum mechanical phenomena that underpin quantum transport in open systems such as light harvesting and photosynthetic proteins, including the photosystem reaction centre. Coherent effects are discussed in detail, separating various meanings of the term, from delocalized excitations, or excitons, to entangled states and coherent transport. In particular, we focus on the time, energy and length scales of energy transport processes, as these are critical in understanding whether or not coherent processes are important. The role played by the protein in maintaining chromophore systems is analysed. Finally, the spectroscopic techniques that are used to probe energy transfer dynamics and that have uncovered the quantum beats are described with reference to coherent phenomena in light harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W Rathbone
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jeffery A Davis
- Centre for Quantum and Optical Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Katharine A Michie
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Neil O Robertson
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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10
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Corujo MP, Sklepari M, Ang DL, Millichip M, Reason A, Goodchild SC, Wormell P, Amarasinghe DP, Lindo V, Chmel NP, Rodger A. Infrared absorbance spectroscopy of aqueous proteins: Comparison of transmission and ATR data collection and analysis for secondary structure fitting. Chirality 2018. [PMCID: PMC6099411 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pinto Corujo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
- MOAC and MAS Centres for Doctoral Training; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
| | | | - Dale L. Ang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Penrith New South Wales Australia
| | | | | | - Sophia C. Goodchild
- Department of Molecular Sciences; Macquarie University; North Ryde New South Wales Australia
| | - Paul Wormell
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Penrith New South Wales Australia
| | - Don Praveen Amarasinghe
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
- MOAC and MAS Centres for Doctoral Training; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
| | | | | | - Alison Rodger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
- Department of Molecular Sciences; Macquarie University; North Ryde New South Wales Australia
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11
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Hare JE, Goodchild SC, Breit SN, Curmi PMG, Brown LJ. Interaction of Human Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 (CLIC1) with Lipid Bilayers: A Fluorescence Study. Biochemistry 2016; 55:3825-33. [PMID: 27299171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel protein 1 (CLIC1) is very unusual as it adopts a soluble glutathione S-transferase-like canonical fold but can also autoinsert into lipid bilayers to form an ion channel. The conversion between these forms involves a large, but reversible, structural rearrangement of the CLIC1 module. The only identified environmental triggers controlling the metamorphic transition of CLIC1 are pH and oxidation. Until now, there have been no high-resolution structural data available for the CLIC1 integral membrane state, and consequently, a limited understanding of how CLIC1 unfolds and refolds across the bilayer to form a membrane protein with ion channel activity exists. Here we show that fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to establish the interaction and position of CLIC1 in a lipid bilayer. Our method employs a fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) approach between CLIC1 and a dansyl-labeled lipid analogue to probe the CLIC1-lipid interface. Under oxidizing conditions, a strong FRET signal between the single tryptophan residue of CLIC1 (Trp35) and the dansyl-lipid analogue was detected. When considering the proportion of CLIC1 interacting with the lipid bilayer, as estimated by fluorescence quenching experiments, the FRET distance between Trp35 and the dansyl moiety on the membrane surface was determined to be ∼15 Å. This FRET-detected interaction provides direct structural evidence that CLIC1 associates with membranes. The results presented support the current model of an oxidation-driven interaction of CLIC1 with lipid bilayers and also propose a membrane anchoring role for Trp35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Hare
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds , Leeds LS29JT, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel N Breit
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital , Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Louise J Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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12
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Goodchild SC, Sheynis T, Thompson R, Tipping KW, Xue WF, Ranson NA, Beales PA, Hewitt EW, Radford SE. β2-Microglobulin amyloid fibril-induced membrane disruption is enhanced by endosomal lipids and acidic pH. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104492. [PMID: 25100247 PMCID: PMC4123989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathology of amyloidoses are not well understood, the interaction between amyloid proteins and cell membranes is thought to play a role in several amyloid diseases. Amyloid fibrils of β2-microglobulin (β2m), associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA), have been shown to cause disruption of anionic lipid bilayers in vitro. However, the effect of lipid composition and the chemical environment in which β2m-lipid interactions occur have not been investigated previously. Here we examine membrane damage resulting from the interaction of β2m monomers and fibrils with lipid bilayers. Using dye release, tryptophan fluorescence quenching and fluorescence confocal microscopy assays we investigate the effect of anionic lipid composition and pH on the susceptibility of liposomes to fibril-induced membrane damage. We show that β2m fibril-induced membrane disruption is modulated by anionic lipid composition and is enhanced by acidic pH. Most strikingly, the greatest degree of membrane disruption is observed for liposomes containing bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) at acidic pH, conditions likely to reflect those encountered in the endocytic pathway. The results suggest that the interaction between β2m fibrils and membranes of endosomal origin may play a role in the molecular mechanism of β2m amyloid-associated osteoarticular tissue destruction in DRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C. Goodchild
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tania Sheynis
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Thompson
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin W. Tipping
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Wei-Feng Xue
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Neil A. Ranson
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A. Beales
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Eric W. Hewitt
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sheena E. Radford
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Cornell BA, Alkhamici H, Brown L, Carne S, Goodchild SC, Richards R, Valenzuela SM. Ion Channel Proteins that Spontaneously Insert into Lipid Bilayer Membranes: An Impedance Spectroscopy Study Employing Tethered Membranes. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.3710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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14
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Goodchild SC, Angstmann CN, Breit SN, Curmi PMG, Brown LJ. Transmembrane extension and oligomerization of the CLIC1 chloride intracellular channel protein upon membrane interaction. Biochemistry 2011; 50:10887-97. [PMID: 22082111 DOI: 10.1021/bi2012564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel proteins (CLICs) differ from most ion channels as they can exist in both soluble and integral membrane forms. The CLICs are expressed as soluble proteins but can reversibly autoinsert into the membrane to form active ion channels. For CLIC1, the interaction with the lipid bilayer is enhanced under oxidative conditions. At present, little evidence is available characterizing the structure of the putative oligomeric CLIC integral membrane form. Previously, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was used to monitor and model the conformational transition within CLIC1 as it interacts with the membrane bilayer. These results revealed a large-scale unfolding between the C- and N-domains of CLIC1 as it interacts with the membrane. In the present study, FRET was used to probe lipid-induced structural changes arising in the vicinity of the putative transmembrane region of CLIC1 (residues 24-46) under oxidative conditions. Intramolecular FRET distances are consistent with the model in which the N-terminal domain inserts into the bilayer as an extended α-helix. Further, intermolecular FRET was performed between fluorescently labeled CLIC1 monomers within membranes. The intermolecular FRET shows that CLIC1 forms oligomers upon oxidation in the presence of the membranes. Fitting the data to symmetric oligomer models of the CLIC1 transmembrane form indicates that the structure is large and most consistent with a model comprising approximately six to eight subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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Abstract
The classic structure-function paradigm holds that a protein exhibits a single well-defined native state that gives rise to its biological function. Nonetheless, over the past few decades, numerous examples of proteins exhibiting biological function arising from multiple structural states of varying disorder have been identified. Most recently, several examples of 'metamorphic proteins', able to interconvert between vastly different native-like topologies under physiological conditions, have been characterised with multiple functions. In this review, we look at the concept of protein metamorphosis in relation to the current understanding of the protein structure-function landscape. Although structural dynamism observed for metamorphic proteins provides a novel source of functional versatility, the dynamic nature of the metamorphic proteins generally makes them difficult to identify and probe using conventional protein structure determination methods. However, as the existence of metamorphic proteins has now been established and techniques enabling the analysis of multiple protein conformers are improving, it is likely that this class will continue to grow in number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.,Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
| | - Louise J Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.
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Cornell BA, Battle A, Brown L, Carnie S, Goodchild SC, Islam H, Martin D, Martinac B, Richards R, Valenzuela S. A study of Functional ion Transport Using Tethered Membranes. Biophys J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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17
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Goodchild SC, Howell MW, Littler DR, Mandyam RA, Sale KL, Mazzanti M, Breit SN, Curmi PMG, Brown LJ. Metamorphic response of the CLIC1 chloride intracellular ion channel protein upon membrane interaction. Biochemistry 2010; 49:5278-89. [PMID: 20507120 DOI: 10.1021/bi100111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A striking feature of the CLIC (chloride intracellular channel) protein family is the ability of its members to convert between a soluble state and an integral membrane channel form. Direct evidence of the structural transition required for the CLIC protein to autonomously insert into the membrane is lacking, largely because of the challenge of probing the conformation of the membrane-bound protein. However, insights into the CLIC transmembrane form can be gained by biophysical methods such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) spectroscopy. This approach was used to measure distances from tryptophan 35, located within the CLIC1 putative N-domain transmembrane region, to three native cysteine residues within the C-terminal domain. These distances were computed both in aqueous solution and upon the addition of membrane vesicles. The FRET distances were used as constraints for modeling of a structure for the CLIC1 integral membrane form. The data are suggestive of a large conformational unfolding occurring between the N- and C-domains of CLIC1 upon interaction with the membrane. Consistent with previous findings, the N-terminal domain of CLIC1 is likely to insert into the lipid bilayer, while the C-domain remains in solution on the extravesicular side of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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Littler DR, Harrop SJ, Goodchild SC, Phang JM, Mynott AV, Jiang L, Valenzuela SM, Mazzanti M, Brown LJ, Breit SN, Curmi PMG. The enigma of the CLIC proteins: Ion channels, redox proteins, enzymes, scaffolding proteins? FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2093-101. [PMID: 20085760 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel proteins (CLICs) are distinct from most ion channels in that they have both soluble and integral membrane forms. CLICs are highly conserved in chordates, with six vertebrate paralogues. CLIC-like proteins are found in other metazoans. CLICs form channels in artificial bilayers in a process favoured by oxidising conditions and low pH. They are structurally plastic, with CLIC1 adopting two distinct soluble conformations. Phylogenetic and structural data indicate that CLICs are likely to have enzymatic function. The physiological role of CLICs appears to be maintenance of intracellular membranes, which is associated with tubulogenesis but may involve other substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dene R Littler
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Goodchild SC, Howell MW, Sale KA, Curmi PM, Brown LJ. Metamorphic Response of CLIC1 Chloride Intracellular Ion Channel upon Interaction with the Membrane. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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