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Büki G, Hadzsiev K, Bene J. Copy Number Variations in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13671. [PMID: 37761973 PMCID: PMC10530736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are complex conditions that represent a significant global health burden with complex and multifactorial etiologies. Technological advances in recent years have improved our understanding of the genetic architecture of the major neuropsychiatric disorders and the genetic loci involved. Previous studies mainly investigated genome-wide significant SNPs to elucidate the cross-disorder and disorder-specific genetic basis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Although copy number variations represent a major source of genetic variations, they are known risk factors in developing a variety of human disorders, including certain neuropsychiatric diseases. In this review, we demonstrate the current understanding of CNVs contributing to liability for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judit Bene
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (G.B.); (K.H.)
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2
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De Donatis D, Porcelli S, Zernig G, Mercolini L, Giupponi G, Serretti A, Conca A, Florio V. Venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine serum levels are positively associated with antidepressant response in elder depressed out-patients. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:183-190. [PMID: 34096828 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1938668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) represents one of the most promising tools in clinical practice to optimise antidepressant treatment. Nevertheless, little is still known regarding the relationship between clinical efficacy and serum concentration of venlafaxine (VEN). The aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum concentration of venlafaxine + O-desmethylvenlafaxine (SCVO) and antidepressant response (AR). METHODS 52 depressed outpatients treated with VEN were recruited and followed in a naturalistic setting for three months. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-21 was administered at baseline, at month 1 and at month 3 to assess AR. SCVO was measured at steady state. Linear regression analysis and nonlinear least-squares regression were used to estimate association between SCVO and AR. RESULTS Our results showed an association between AR and SCVO that follows a bell-shaped quadratic function with a progressive increase of AR within the therapeutic reference range of SCVO (i.e. 100-400 ng/mL) and a subsequent decrease of AR at higher serum levels. DISCUSSION This study strongly suggests that TDM could represent a more appropriate tool than the oral dosage to optimise the treatment with VEN. Specifically, highest efficacy might be achieved by titrating patients at SCVO levels around 400 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico De Donatis
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Porcelli
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gerald Zernig
- Experimental Psychiatry Unit, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Serretti
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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3
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Kendall KM, Van Assche E, Andlauer TFM, Choi KW, Luykx JJ, Schulte EC, Lu Y. The genetic basis of major depression. Psychol Med 2021; 51:2217-2230. [PMID: 33682643 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, debilitating, phenotypically heterogeneous disorder with heritability ranges from 30% to 50%. Compared to other psychiatric disorders, its high prevalence, moderate heritability, and strong polygenicity have posed major challenges for gene-mapping in MDD. Studies of common genetic variation in MDD, driven by large international collaborations such as the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, have confirmed the highly polygenic nature of the disorder and implicated over 100 genetic risk loci to date. Rare copy number variants associated with MDD risk were also recently identified. The goal of this review is to present a broad picture of our current understanding of the epidemiology, genetic epidemiology, molecular genetics, and gene-environment interplay in MDD. Insights into the impact of genetic factors on the aetiology of this complex disorder hold great promise for improving clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Kendall
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - E Van Assche
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - T F M Andlauer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K W Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA02114, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA02114, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - J J Luykx
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Outpatient Second Opinion Clinic, GGNet Mental Health, Warnsveld, The Netherlands
| | - E C Schulte
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zanardi R, Prestifilippo D, Fabbri C, Colombo C, Maron E, Serretti A. Precision psychiatry in clinical practice. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2021; 25:19-27. [PMID: 32852246 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2020.1809680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of depression represents a major challenge for healthcare systems and choosing among the many available drugs without objective guidance criteria is an error-prone process. Recently, pharmacogenetic biomarkers entered in prescribing guidelines, giving clinicians the possibility to use this additional tool to guide prescription and improve therapeutic outcomes. This marked an important step towards precision psychiatry, which aim is to integrate biological and environmental information to personalise treatments. Only genetic variants in cytochrome enzymes are endorsed by prescribing guidelines, but in the future polygenic predictors of treatment outcomes may be translated into the clinic. The integration of genetics with other relevant information (e.g., concomitant diseases and treatments, drug plasma levels) could be managed in a standardised way through ad hoc software. The overcoming of the current obstacles (e.g., staff training, genotyping and informatics facilities) can lead to a broad implementation of precision psychiatry and represent a revolution for psychiatric care.Key pointsPrecision psychiatry aims to integrate biological and environmental information to personalise treatments and complement clinical judgementPharmacogenetic biomarkers in cytochrome genes were included in prescribing guidelines and represented an important step towards precision psychiatryTherapeutic drug monitoring is an important and cost-effective tool which should be integrated with genetic testing and clinical evaluation in order to optimise pharmacotherapyOther individual factors relevant to pharmacotherapy response (e.g., individual's symptom profile, concomitant diseases) can be integrated with genetic information through artificial intelligence to provide treatment recommendationsThe creation of pharmacogenetic services within healthcare systems is a challenging and multi-step process, education of health professionals, promotion by institutions and regulatory bodies, economic and ethical barriers are the main issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Zanardi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Prestifilippo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Colombo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Eduard Maron
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Documental Ltd, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Corponi F, Fabbri C, Serretti A. Pharmacogenetics and Depression: A Critical Perspective. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:645-653. [PMID: 31455064 PMCID: PMC6761796 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.06.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression leads the higher personal and socio-economical burden within psychiatric disorders. Despite the fact that over 40 antidepressants (ADs) are available, suboptimal response still poses a major challenge and is thought to be partially a result of genetic variation. Pharmacogenetics studies the effects of genetic variants on treatment outcomes with the aim of providing tailored treatments, thereby maximizing efficacy and tolerability. After two decades of pharmacogenetic research, variants in genes coding for the cytochromes involved in ADs metabolism (CYP2D6 and CYP2C19) are now considered biomarkers with sufficient scientific support for clinical application, despite the lack of conclusive cost/effectiveness evidence. The effect of variants in genes modulating ADs mechanisms of action (pharmacodynamics) is still controversial, because of the much higher complexity of ADs pharmacodynamics compared to ADs metabolism. Considerable progress has been made since the era of candidate gene studies: the genomic revolution has made possible to assess genetic variance on an unprecedented scale, throughout the whole genome, and to analyze the cumulative effect of different variants. The results have revealed key information on the biological mechanisms mediating ADs effect and identified hypothetical new pharmacological targets. They also paved the way for future availability of polygenic pharmacogenetic panels to predict treatment outcome, which are expected to explain much higher variance in ADs response compared to CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 only. As the demand and availability of AD pharmacogenetic testing is projected to increase, it is important for clinicians to keep abreast of this evolving area to facilitate informed discussions with their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Corponi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Kendall KM, Rees E, Bracher-Smith M, Legge S, Riglin L, Zammit S, O’Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Jones I, Kirov G, Walters JTR. Association of Rare Copy Number Variants With Risk of Depression. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:818-825. [PMID: 30994872 PMCID: PMC6583866 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The role of large, rare copy number variants (CNVs) in neuropsychiatric disorders is well established, but their association with common psychiatric disorders, such as depression, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of a group of 53 CNVs associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and burden of rare CNVs with risk of depression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This case-control study used data from the UK Biobank study sample, which comprised 502 534 individuals living in the United Kingdom. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, or bipolar affective disorder diagnoses were excluded. Analyses were further restricted to individuals of European genetic ancestry (n = 407 074). The study was conducted from January 2017 to September 2018. EXPOSURES CNV carrier status. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES For the primary outcome, individuals who reported that a physician had told them they had a depression diagnosis were defined as cases. Analyses were repeated using 2 alternative depression definitions: self-reported lifetime depression with current antidepressant prescription at the time of visit 1, and hospital discharge diagnosis of depression. RESULTS Copy number variants were identified in 488 366 individuals aged 37 to 73 years. In total, 407 074 individuals with European genetic ancestry (220 201 female [54.1%]; mean [SD] age of 56.9 [8.0] years) were included in the study. Of these individuals, 23 979 (5.9%) had self-reported lifetime depression and 383 095 (94.1%) reported no lifetime depression. The group of 53 neurodevelopmental CNVs was associated with self-reported depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.19-1.49, uncorrected P = 1.38 × 10-7), and these results were consistent when using 2 alternative definitions of depression. This association was partially explained by physical health, educational attainment, social deprivation, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. A strong independent association remained between the neurodevelopmental CNVs and depression in analyses that incorporated these other measures (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.11-1.43; P = 2.87 × 10-4). Eight individual CNVs were nominally associated with risk of depression, and 3 of these 8 CNVs (1q21.1 duplication, Prader-Willi syndrome duplication, and 16p11.2 duplication) survived Bonferroni correction for the 53 CNVs tested. After the exclusion of carriers of neurodevelopmental CNVs, no association was found between measures of CNV burden and depression. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Neurodevelopmental CNVs appear to be associated with depression, extending the spectrum of clinical phenotypes that are associated with CNV carrier status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Marie Kendall
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Elliott Rees
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Bracher-Smith
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Legge
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Riglin
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Stanley Zammit
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom,Centre for Academic Mental Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Conlon O’Donovan
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Michael John Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Jones
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - George Kirov
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - James Tynan Rhys Walters
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
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Tammimies K, Li D, Rabkina I, Stamouli S, Becker M, Nicolaou V, Berggren S, Coco C, Falkmer T, Jonsson U, Choque-Olsson N, Bölte S. Association between Copy Number Variation and Response to Social Skills Training in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9810. [PMID: 31285490 PMCID: PMC6614458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46396-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Challenges in social communication and interaction are core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for which social skills group training (SSGT) is a commonly used intervention. SSGT has shown modest and heterogeneous effects. One of the major genetic risk factors in ASD is rare copy number variation (CNV). However, limited information exists whether CNV profiles could be used to aid intervention decisions. Here, we analyzed the rare genic CNV carrier status for 207 children, of which 105 received SSGT and 102 standard care as part of a randomized clinical trial for SSGT. We found that being a carrier of rare genic CNV did not have an impact on the SSGT outcome measured by the parent-report Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). However, when stratifying by pathogenicity and size of the CNVs, we identified that carriers of clinically significant and large genic CNVs (>500 kb) showed inferior SRS outcomes at post-intervention (P = 0.047 and P = 0.036, respectively) and follow-up (P = 0.008 and P = 0.072, respectively) when adjusting for standard care effects. Our study provides preliminary evidence that carriers of clinically significant and large genic CNVs might not benefit as much from SSGT as non-carriers. Our results indicate that genetic information might help guide the modifications of interventions in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Tammimies
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Danyang Li
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ielyzaveta Rabkina
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sofia Stamouli
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Martin Becker
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Veronika Nicolaou
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Steve Berggren
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Coco
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Falkmer
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ulf Jonsson
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Region, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nora Choque-Olsson
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Region, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.
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8
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Ho KWD, Han S, Nielsen JV, Jancic D, Hing B, Fiedorowicz J, Weissman MM, Levinson DF, Potash JB. Genome-wide association study of seasonal affective disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:190. [PMID: 30217971 PMCID: PMC6138666 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Family and twin studies have shown a genetic component to seasonal affective disorder (SAD). A number of candidate gene studies have examined the role of variations within biologically relevant genes in SAD susceptibility, but few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed to date. The authors aimed to identify genetic risk variants for SAD through GWAS. The authors performed a GWAS for SAD in 1380 cases and 2937 controls of European-American (EA) origin, selected from samples for GWAS of major depressive disorder and of bipolar disorder. Further bioinformatic analyses were conducted to examine additional genomic and biological evidence associated with the top GWAS signals. No susceptibility loci for SAD were identified at a genome-wide significant level. The strongest association was at an intronic variant (rs139459337) within ZBTB20 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.63, p = 8.4 × 10-7), which encodes a transcriptional repressor that has roles in neurogenesis and in adult brain. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis showed that the risk allele "T" of rs139459337 is associated with reduced mRNA expression of ZBTB20 in human temporal cortex (p = 0.028). Zbtb20 is required for normal murine circadian rhythm and for entrainment to a shortened day. Of the 330 human orthologs of murine genes directly repressed by Zbtb20, there were 32 associated with SAD in our sample (at p < 0.05), representing a significant enrichment of ZBTB20 targets among our SAD genetic association signals (fold = 1.93, p = 0.001). ZBTB20 is a candidate susceptibility gene for SAD, based on a convergence of genetic, genomic, and biological evidence. Further studies are necessary to confirm its role in SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwo Wei David Ho
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jakob V Nielsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Dubravka Jancic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin Hing
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jess Fiedorowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Myrna M Weissman
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas F Levinson
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - James B Potash
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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9
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Fabbri C, Crisafulli C, Calabrò M, Spina E, Serretti A. Progress and prospects in pharmacogenetics of antidepressant drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:1157-68. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1202237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Concetta Crisafulli
- Department of Biomedical Science, Odontoiatric and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical Science, Odontoiatric and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Edoardo Spina
- Department of Biomedical Science, Odontoiatric and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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10
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Abstract
Neurexin 1 (NRXN1), a presynaptic cell adhesion molecule, is implicated in several neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by synaptic dysfunction including autism, intellectual disability and schizophrenia. To gain insight into NRXN1's involvement in human cortical development we used quantitative real-time PCR to examine the expression trajectories of NRXN1, and its predominant isoforms, NRXN1-α and NRXN1-β, in prefrontal cortex from fetal stages to aging. In addition, we investigated whether prefrontal cortical expression levels of NRXN1 transcripts are altered in schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in comparison with non-psychiatric control subjects. We observed that all three NRXN1 transcripts were highly expressed during human fetal cortical development, markedly increasing with gestational age. In the postnatal dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, expression levels were negatively correlated with age, peaking at birth until ~3 years of age, after which levels declined markedly to be stable across the lifespan. NRXN1-β expression was modestly but significantly elevated in the brains of patients with schizophrenia compared with non-psychiatric controls, whereas NRXN1-α expression was increased in bipolar disorder. These data provide novel evidence that NRXN1 expression is highest in human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during critical developmental windows relevant to the onset and diagnosis of a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, and that NRXN1 expression may be differentially altered in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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11
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Rucker JJ, Tansey KE, Rivera M, Pinto D, Cohen-Woods S, Uher R, Aitchison KJ, Craddock N, Owen MJ, Jones L, Jones I, Korszun A, Barnes MR, Preisig M, Mors O, Maier W, Rice J, Rietschel M, Holsboer F, Farmer AE, Craig IW, Scherer SW, McGuffin P, Breen G. Phenotypic Association Analyses With Copy Number Variation in Recurrent Depressive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:329-36. [PMID: 25861698 PMCID: PMC4725574 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defining the molecular genomic basis of the likelihood of developing depressive disorder is a considerable challenge. We previously associated rare, exonic deletion copy number variants (CNV) with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD). Sex chromosome abnormalities also have been observed to co-occur with RDD. METHODS In this reanalysis of our RDD dataset (N = 3106 cases; 459 screened control samples and 2699 population control samples), we further investigated the role of larger CNVs and chromosomal abnormalities in RDD and performed association analyses with clinical data derived from this dataset. RESULTS We found an enrichment of Turner's syndrome among cases of depression compared with the frequency observed in a large population sample (N = 34,910) of live-born infants collected in Denmark (two-sided p = .023, odds ratio = 7.76 [95% confidence interval = 1.79-33.6]), a case of diploid/triploid mosaicism, and several cases of uniparental isodisomy. In contrast to our previous analysis, large deletion CNVs were no more frequent in cases than control samples, although deletion CNVs in cases contained more genes than control samples (two-sided p = .0002). CONCLUSIONS After statistical correction for multiple comparisons, our data do not support a substantial role for CNVs in RDD, although (as has been observed in similar samples) occasional cases may harbor large variants with etiological significance. Genetic pleiotropy and sample heterogeneity suggest that very large sample sizes are required to study conclusively the role of genetic variation in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J.H. Rucker
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London,Address correspondence to James J.H. Rucker, M.D., M.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, PO80, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Katherine E. Tansey
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Margarita Rivera
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,Section of Psychiatry, Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, CIBERSAM, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Dalila Pinto
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Seaver Autism Center, The Mindich Child Health & Development Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sarah Cohen-Woods
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf Uher
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Katherine J. Aitchison
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nick Craddock
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Owen
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Jones
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Ania Korszun
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Denistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ole Mors
- Centre of Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - John Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | | | - Anne E. Farmer
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London
| | - Ian W. Craig
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter McGuffin
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London
| | - Gerome Breen
- Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London
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Fabbri C, Serretti A. Genetics of long-term treatment outcome in bipolar disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 65:17-24. [PMID: 26297903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) shows one of the strongest genetic predispositions among psychiatric disorders and the identification of reliable genetic predictors of treatment response could significantly improve the prognosis of the disease. The present study investigated genetic predictors of long-term treatment-outcome in 723 patients with BD type I from the STEP-BD (Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder) genome-wide dataset. BD I patients with >6months of follow-up and without any treatment restriction (reflecting a natural setting scenario) were included. Phenotypes were the total and depressive episode rates and the occurrence of one or more (hypo)manic/mixed episodes during follow-up. Quality control of genome-wide data was performed according to standard criteria and linear/logistic regression models were used as appropriate under an additive hypothesis. Top genes were further analyzed through a pathway analysis. Genes previously involved in the susceptibility to BD (DFNB31, SORCS2, NRXN1, CNTNAP2, GRIN2A, GRM4, GRIN2B), antidepressant action (DEPTOR, CHRNA7, NRXN1), and mood stabilizer or antipsychotic action (NTRK2, CHRNA7, NRXN1) may affect long-term treatment outcome of BD. Promising findings without previous strong evidence were TRAF3IP2-AS1, NFYC, RNLS, KCNJ2, RASGRF1, NTF3 genes. Pathway analysis supported particularly the involvement of molecules mediating the positive regulation of MAPK cascade and learning/memory processes. Further studies focused on the outlined genes may be helpful to provide validated markers of BD treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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13
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Colle R, Deflesselle E, Martin S, David DJ, Hardy P, Taranu A, Falissard B, Verstuyft C, Corruble E. BDNF/TRKB/P75NTR polymorphisms and their consequences on antidepressant efficacy in depressed patients. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:997-1013. [PMID: 26122862 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose an extensive review of the literature about BDNF/TRKB/P75NTR polymorphisms and their consequences on antidepressant efficacy in depressed patients. Five genome-wide association studies and 30 association studies were included. Twenty seven studies focused on the Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265), the Met allele being associated with a higher antidepressant efficacy only in Asian patients. Other BDNF/TRKB/P75NTR polymorphisms (BDNF: rs7103411, rs7124442, rs908867, rs2049046, rs61888800, rs10501087, rs1491850; TRKB: rs10868223, rs11140778, rs1565445, rs1659412; P75NTR: rs2072446) were reported to be associated with antidepressant efficacy but these results were not replicated. Finally, there are 15 positive studies among 30 studies regarding BDNF/TRKB/P75NTR polymorphisms. The only SNP which benefits of at least three positive studies is the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265). Consequently, with a lack of good and consistent studies, the clinical utility of BDNF in treatment selection is far from clear. We propose several recommendations for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Colle
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric Deflesselle
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Séverine Martin
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Denis J David
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Pharmacie Paris Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Patrick Hardy
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Adéla Taranu
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Bruno Falissard
- INSERM UMR 1178, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Département de Biostatistiques, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94400 Villejuif, France
| | - Céline Verstuyft
- INSERM U1184 'Immunologie des maladies virales et auto-immunes' University Paris Sud, Service de Génétique moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre F-94275, France.,University Paris-Sud, INSERM U1184, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- INSERM UMR 1178 Team 'Depression & Antidepressants', Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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