Determination of nucleic acids based on shifting the association equilibrium between tetrasulfonated aluminium phthalocyanine and acridine orange

Development of Functional Phthalocyanine-Based Associate towards an Effective Fluorimetric Detection of Hg(II)

In acidic media, cationic phthalocyanine Alcian blue 8GX, has an efficient fluorescence quenching effect on anionic phthalocyanine tetrasulphoaluminium phthalocyanines (AlS₄Pc), forming an almost non-fluorescent associate. Based on this discovery, a red-emitting fluorescent probe consisted of AlS₄P_C and Alcian blue 8GX has been developed through molecular assembly. Further studies indicated that the presence of Hg(II) ion has a significant fluorescence recovery effect of the probe. Notably, only Hg(II) can significantly restore the fluorescence of AlS₄Pc-Alcian blue 8GX system which was revealed from the screening experiments of common metal ions, which confirmed that the fluorescence recovery by other metal ions is very weak or even unrestored, showing high specificity and sensitivity AlS₄Pc-Alcian blue 8GX to Hg(II). Thus, a new fluorimetry for Hg(II) with high specificity and high sensitivity in a wide concentration range has been established using AlS₄P_c-Alcian blue 8GX associate as a red-emitting fluorescent probe. It is more noteworthy that this study opens a new way for development and application of functional phthalocyanine based red-emitting fluorescent probes.

Luminescence and binding properties of two isoquinoline alkaloids chelerythrine and sanguinarine with ctDNA

The binding mode and mechanism of the interactions between two planar cationic alkaloids chelerythrine (Che) and sanguinarine (San) with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were systematically investigated at pH 5.40 using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Che and San show strong fluorescence at 570 and 589 nm, respectively. Che displays fluorescence enhancement with ctDNA whereas the fluorescence of San is quenched on interaction with ctDNA. In addition, UV-vis spectra of both alkaloids show apparent hypochromicity and are bathochromic shifted, indicating that they could intercalate into ctDNA bases. The fluorescence polarization of Che and San increases in the presence of ctDNA, again implying the intercalation of two alkaloids with ctDNA. This conclusion was also supported by the results obtained from anion quenching and cyclic voltammetry. The binding constants of both alkaloids with ctDNA were calculated in the order of 10(5)L/mol. San binds with ctDNA 3-fold stronger than Che. The stoichiometric bindings are five nucleotides per Che or San. Electrostatic binding also exists between the alkaloids and DNA helix. Finally, theoretical calculations show that only certain parts of Che and San molecules intercalate into the DNA helix.

Synthesis of 1-phenyl-3-biphenyl-5-(N-ethylcarbazole-3-yl)-2-pyrazoline and its use as DNA probe

A novel pyrazoline derivative, named 1-phenyl-3-biphenyl-5-(N-ethylcarbazole-3-yl)-2-pyrazoline, was synthesized, and its structure was confirmed by means of IR, (1)H NMR, and elementary analysis. The compound emits strong yellow fluorescence. Decrease of fluorescence intensity of the pyrazoline derivative in the presence of calf thymus DNA (ct DNA) is observed, and the quenching obey Stern-Volmer equation. There is a single quenching mechanism for the complex, which belongs to static quenching. KI quenching study shows that the magnitude of K(SV) of the bound pyrazoline is lower than that of the free one. It is also found that ionic strength could affect the interaction. Binding constants for pyrazoline with ct DNA and salmon sperm DNA (ss DNA) are in the same order of 10(4) molL(-1), and binding site size are about 1 per base pairs. Experimental results indicate that the new compound might insert into DNA base pairs by intercalative binding mode.

Study on the interaction of morphine chloride with deoxyribonucleic acid by fluorescence method

The mode and mechanism of the interaction of morphine chloride, an important alkaloid compound to calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (ct DNA) was investigated from absorption and fluorescence titration techniques. Hypochromic effect was founded in the absorption spectra of morphine when concentration of DNA increased. The decreased fluorescence study revealed non-cooperative binding of the morphine to DNA with an affinity of 3.94x10(3)M(-1), and the stoichiometry of binding was characterized to be about one morphine molecule per nucleotide. Stern-Volmer plots at different temperatures proved that the quenching mechanism was static. Ferrocyanide quenching study showed that the magnitude of K(SV) of the bound morphine was lower than that of the free one. In addition, it was found that ionic strength could affect the binding of morphine and DNA. Fluorescence polarization and denatured DNA studies also applied strong evidences that morphine molecule was partially intercalated between every alternate base pairs of ct DNA. As observed from above experiments, intercalation was well supported as the binding mode of morphine and ct DNA.

A sensitive inhibition chemiluminescence method for the determination of trace tannic acid using the reaction of luminol–hydrogen peroxide catalysed by tetrasulphonated manganese phthalocyanine

A novel CL method for the determination of tannic acid (TA) was established based on TA inhibition of the chemiluminescence (CL) emission of the luminol-hydrogen peroxide CL system catalysed by tetrasulphonated manganese phthalocyanine (MnTSPc) under alkaline conditions. The peak height is proportional to the natural logarithm of concentration of TA in the range 1.0 x 10(-7)-3.0 x 10(-10) mol/L with a detection limit of 5.6 x 10(-11) mol/L and the relative standard deviation was 2.5% for the determination of 1.0 x 10(-8) mol/L TA (n = 11). The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of TA in Chinese gall and industrial wastewater.

Fluorescence enhancement of yttrium(III)-rutin by nucleic acids in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

It is found that nucleic acids can enhance the fluorescence intensity of yttrium(III) (Y(3+))-rutin in presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) system. In hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA)-HCl buffer, the maximum enhanced fluorescence is produced, with maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 452 and 520 nm, respectively. Based on this, a new fluorimetric method of determination of nucleic acids is proposed. Under optimum conditions, the enhanced fluorescence intensity is proportion to the concentration of nucleic acids in the range of 1.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 x 10(-5)g/ml for fish sperm DNA (fsDNA), 1.0 x 10(-7) to 4.6 x 10(-6)g/ml for yeast RNA (yRNA), their detection limits (S/N=3) are 7.5 x 10(-8), 8.0 x 10(-8)g/ml, respectively. The interaction mechanism is also studied.

The sensitive determination of nucleic acids using fluorescence enhancement of Eu3+-benzoylacetone-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-nucleic acid system

A new quantitative method for micro amounts of nucleic acids in aqueous solution is proposed using Eu3+-benzoylacetone (BA) complex as fluorescent probe in the presence of cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTMAB). Under the optimum condition, the ratio of the fluorescence intensities with and without nucleic acids is proportional to the concentration of nucleic acid in the range of 1.0x10(-9) to 5.0x10(-6) g/mL for herring sperm DNA (hsDNA), 3.0x10(-9) to 1.0x10(-6) g/mL for calf thymus DNA(ctDNA) and 8.0x10(-9) to 1.0x10(-6) g/mL for yeast RNA (yRNA), and their detection limits are 0.33, 0.21 and 0.99 ng/mL, respectively. Actual sample (DNA of Arabidopsis thaliana) was determined satisfactorily. In addition, the interaction mechanism is also investigated.

Determination of nucleic acids based on shifting the association equilibrium between tetracarboxy aluminum phthalocyanine and poly-lysine

A new method based on near-infrared (near-IR) fluorescence recovery was presented for the determination of nucleic acids. This method employed a two-reagent system composed of anionic tetracarboxy aluminum phthalocyanine (AlC4Pc) and polycationic poly-lysine. The fluorescence of AlC4Pc, with the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 620 and 701 nm, respectively, was quenched by poly-lysine with a proper concentration, but recovered by adding nucleic acids. Under optimal conditions, the recovered fluorescence was in proportional to the concentration of nucleic acids. The linear ranges of the calibration curves were 5-200 ng mL(-1) for both calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) and fish sperm DNA (fsDNA) with the detection limit of 2.6 ng mL(-1) for ctDNA and 2.1 ng mL(-1) for fsDNA. The relative standard deviation (n = 6) was 1.9 and 1.3% for 50 ng mL(-1) ctDNA and fsDNA, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of nucleic acids in synthetic samples with satisfactory results.