1
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Engineering titanium-organic framework decorated silver molybdate and silver vanadate as antimicrobial, anticancer agents, and photo-induced hydroxylation reactions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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2
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Mafukidze DM, Nyokong T. Photocatalytic and solar radiation harvesting potential of a free-base porphyrin-zinc (II) phthalocyanine heterodyad functionalized polystyrene polymer membrane for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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3
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Calvete MJ, Piccirillo G, Vinagreiro CS, Pereira MM. Hybrid materials for heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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4
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Neves CMB, Filipe OMS, Mota N, Santos SAO, Silvestre AJD, Santos EBH, Neves MGPMS, Simões MMQ. Photodegradation of metoprolol using a porphyrin as photosensitizer under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 370:13-23. [PMID: 30503313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins are known as effective photosensitizers and can be an interesting key in phototreatment of water contaminated with micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals. They already showed to be efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of dyes, chlorophenols and other pollutants. This work demonstrates the applicability of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (H2TF5PP) as photosensitizer for treatment of water contaminated with metoprolol, a highly prescribed β-blocker, which is not completely removed in sewage treatment plants. Studies were firstly developed under homogeneous conditions with simulated solar radiation and porphyrin was found to be efficient in the photodegradation of metoprolol, following a pseudo-first order kinetics with ca. 90% metoprolol degradation after 12 h. Experiments in presence of scavengers confirmed the mechanism of degradation via singlet oxygen. Appearance of several new peaks in HPLC chromatograms indicates the formation of products, identified by HPLC-MSn. Furthermore, the porphyrin was immobilized on a silica support and used as heterogeneous photocatalyst in degradation of metoprolol. Experiments using this heterogeneous photocatalyst under real solar irradiation were also performed, and similar results were obtained. Kinetic comparison of metoprolol photodegradation in buffer solution and in real wastewater treatment plant effluent showed that the efficiency of the immobilized porphyrin was not decreased by the complex matrix of the effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia M B Neves
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Olga M S Filipe
- CERNAS - Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, College of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mota
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia A O Santos
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando J D Silvestre
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda B H Santos
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Graça P M S Neves
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mário M Q Simões
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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5
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Pinto SMA, Vinagreiro CS, Tomé VA, Piccirillo G, Damas L, Pereira MM. Nitrobenzene method: A keystone in meso-substituted halogenated porphyrin synthesis and applications. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619300039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review article briefly describes the available synthetic approaches for meso-arylporphyrins giving particular emphasis for one-pot nitrobenzene and nitrobenzene/NaY methods regarding the synthesis of meso-halogenated arylporphyrins. The review also describes the relevant applications of these halogenated porphyrins and their metalloporphyrin counterparts, prepared via nitrobenzene method, as photosensitizers for therapy (PDT and PDI), diagnostic (molecular contrast agents) and also for catalytic oxidation and CO2 cycloaddition reactions to epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. A. Pinto
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina S. Vinagreiro
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vanessa A. Tomé
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Giusi Piccirillo
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Damas
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariette M. Pereira
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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6
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Nasrollahi R, Heydari-turkmani A, Zakavi S. Kinetic and mechanistic aspects of solid state, nanostructured porphyrin diacid photosensitizers in photooxidation of sulfides. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02433b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics and mechanism of aerobic photooxidation of sulfides in the presence of a series of electron-rich and electron-deficient porphyrins immobilized on Amberlyst 15 nanoparticles in the form of porphyrin diacids are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Nasrollahi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan 45137-66731
- Iran
| | - Akram Heydari-turkmani
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan 45137-66731
- Iran
| | - Saeed Zakavi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan 45137-66731
- Iran
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7
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Han C, Jiang S, Qiu J, Guo H, Yang F. A diphenylacrylonitrile conjugated porphyrin with near-infrared emission by AIE–FRET. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05785k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The strong aggregation induced emission–fluorescence resonance energy transfer (AIE–FRET) effect was observed for diphenylacrylonitrile units and porphyrin units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Han
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
| | - Fafu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
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8
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Chemical Quenching of Singlet Oxygen and Other Reactive Oxygen Species in Water: A Reliable Method for the Determination of Quantum Yields in Photochemical Processes? CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Zakavi S, Ebadi S, Javanmard M. Nanosized cationic and anionic manganese porphyrins as mesoporous catalysts for the oxidation of olefins: Nano versus bulk aggregates. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Zakavi
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) 45137‐66731 Zanjan Iran
| | - Samira Ebadi
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) 45137‐66731 Zanjan Iran
| | - Mohaddese Javanmard
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) 45137‐66731 Zanjan Iran
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10
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Zakavi S, Hashemi‐Amiri A, Asadi F. Axial base‐controlled catalytic activity, oxidative stability and product selectivity of water‐insoluble manganese and iron porphyrins for oxidation of styrenes in water under green conditions. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Zakavi
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan Iran
| | - Akbar Hashemi‐Amiri
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asadi
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan Iran
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11
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Metal coordinated pyrrole-based macrocycles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging technologies: Synthesis and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Zakavi S, Hoseini S. Solvent Tuning of the Optical Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of Meso-tetra(aryl)porphyrins and Their Dications With Weak and Strong Carboxylic Acids. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Zakavi
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); 45137-66731 Zanjan Iran
| | - Saiedeh Hoseini
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); 45137-66731 Zanjan Iran
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13
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Chlorophyll catalyse the photo-transformation of carcinogenic benzo[a]pyrene in water. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12776. [PMID: 26239357 PMCID: PMC4523946 DOI: 10.1038/srep12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Algal blooms cause great damage to water quality and aquaculture. However, this study showed that dead algal cells and chlorophyll could accelerate the photo-transformation of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a ubiquitous and persistent pollutant with potently mutagenic and carcinogenic toxicities, under visible light irradiation. Chlorophyll was found to be the major active substance in dead algal cells, and generated a high level of singlet oxygen to catalyse the photo-transformation of BaP. According to various BaP metabolites formed, the degradation mechanism was proposed as that chlorophyll in dead algal cells photo-oxidized BaP to quinones via photocatalytic generation of singlet oxygen. The results provided a good insight into the role of chlorophyll in the photo-transformation of organic contaminants and could be a possible remediation strategy of organic pollutants in natural environment.
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14
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Park N, Kang D, Ahn MC, Kang S, Lee SM, Ahn TK, Jaung JY, Shin HW, Son SU. Hollow and sulfonated microporous organic polymers: versatile platforms for non-covalent fixation of molecular photocatalysts. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06633f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfonated hollow microporous organic polymers showed excellent heterogenization ability towards various cationic photocatalysts through ionic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nojin Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Daye Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Min Cheol Ahn
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Sungah Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Sang Moon Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Tae Kyu Ahn
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jaung
- Department of Organic and Nanoengineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Korea
| | - Hee-Won Shin
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
| | - Seung Uk Son
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Korea
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15
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Dąbrowski JM, Pucelik B, Pereira MM, Arnaut LG, Macyk W, Stochel G. New hybrid materials based on halogenated metalloporphyrins for enhanced visible light photocatalysis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19742b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The impregnation of TiO2 with functionalized halogenated (metallo)porphyrins leads to novel materials with a superior photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 31-060 Kraków
- Poland
| | | | - Luis G. Arnaut
- Chemistry Departament
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Wojciech Macyk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 31-060 Kraków
- Poland
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 31-060 Kraków
- Poland
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16
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Qiu N, Li Y, Han S, Cui G, Satoh T, Kakuchi T, Duan Q. Synthesis of star poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with end-group of zinc-porphyrin via ATRP and its photocatalytic activity under visible light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Modisha P, Nyokong T. Fabrication of phthalocyanine-magnetic nanoparticles hybrid nanofibers for degradation of Orange-G. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Lee SY, Chan KS. Photocatalytic Carbon–Carbon σ-Bond Anaerobic Oxidation of Ketones with Water by Rhodium(III) Porphyrins. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400672t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siu Yin Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kin Shing Chan
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Tombe S, Antunes E, Nyokong T. Electrospun fibers functionalized with phthalocyanine-gold nanoparticle conjugates for photocatalytic applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Zugle R, Nyokong T. Zinc(II) 2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]-phthalocyanine anchored on an electrospun polysulfone polymer fiber: Application for photosensitized conversion of methyl orange. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Zakavi S, Mojarrad AG, Rayati S. Substituent effects on the catalytic activity of a series of manganese meso-tetra(aryl)porphyrins: (2-, 3-, 4)-Pyridyl, 4-sulfonatophenyl and 3-sulfonato-4-methoxyphenyl groups compared to phenyl and 4-methoxyphenyl ones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Fabrication and characterizations of silica composite microspheres immobilized with porphyrins and their photocatalytic properties. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Silva M, Calvete MJF, Gonçalves NPF, Burrows HD, Sarakha M, Fernandes A, Ribeiro MF, Azenha ME, Pereira MM. Zinc(II) phthalocyanines immobilized in mesoporous silica Al-MCM-41 and their applications in photocatalytic degradation of pesticides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 233-234:79-88. [PMID: 22835771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the authors investigated a set of three new zinc(II) phthalocyanines (zinc(II) tetranitrophthalocyanine (ZnTNPc), zinc(II) tetra(phenyloxy)phthalocyanine (ZnTPhOPc) and the tetraiodide salt of zinc(II)tetra(N,N,N-trimethylaminoethyloxy) phthalocyaninate (ZnTTMAEOPcI)) immobilized into Al-MCM-41 prepared via ship-in-a-bottle methodology. The samples were fully characterized by diffuse reflectance-UV-vis spectroscopy (DRS-UV-vis), luminescence, thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DSC), N(2) adsorption techniques and elemental analysis. A comparative study was made on the photocatalytic performance upon irradiation within the wavelength range 320-460nm of these three systems in the degradation of pesticides fenamiphos and pentachlorophenol. ZnTNPc@Al-MCM-41 and ZnTTMAEOPcI@Al-MCM-41 were found to be the most active systems, with the best performance observed with the immobilized cationic phthalocyanine, ZnTTMAEOPcI@Al-MCM-41. This system showed high activity even after three photocatalytic cycles. LC-MS product characterization and mechanistic studies indicate that singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)), produced by excitation of these immobilized photosensitizers, is a key intermediate in the photocatalytic degradation of both pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Zugle R, Nyokong T. Comparative phototransformation of environmental pollutants using metallophthalocyanines supported on electrospun polymer fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Physico-chemical properties of lutetium phthalocyanine complexes in solution and in solid polystyrene polymer fibers and their application in photoconversion of 4-nitrophenol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Prasad S, Bhadbhade M, Thordarson P. Tin(IV) porphyrin functionalization of electrochemically active fluoride-doped tin-oxide (FTO) via Huisgen [3+2] click chemistry. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611002970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel tetra-alkyne terminated tin(IV) porphyrin 3 was synthesized in good yields and characterized using NMR spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography, the latter revealing interactions with hexane molecules that stabilize the crystal structure of the tin(IV) porphyrin 3. It was then linked to a conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) surfaces using Huisgen [3+2] click chemistry. The attachment of the tin(IV) porphyrin to the FTO surface 6 was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), indicating the presence of the 1,2,3-triazole unit. Electrochemical measurements of the tin(IV) porphyrin modified FTO surface 7 show that it is still electrochemically active with oxidation (Epa) and reduction peaks (Epc) for the ferricyanide redox couple observed at Epc and Epa of -0.144 and +0.568 V vs. Ag | AgCl respectively, representing a modest shift of ca . +/- 0.1–0.15 V, compared to unmodified FTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Prasad
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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27
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Olijve LLC, How ENW, Bhadbhade M, Prasad S, Colbran SB, Zhao C, Thordarson P. Structural, electrochemical and photochemical investigation of the water-soluble tin(IV) tetrakis(2-N-hydroxyethyl-4-pyridinium)porphyrin photocatalyst. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611004312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The water-soluble tin(IV) tetrakis(2-N-hydroxyethyl-4-pyridinium)porphyrin 1 photocatalyst was synthesized in good yield and its structure determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Electrochemical measurements on tin(IV) porphyrin 1 reveal a range of complex redox processes that are highly dependent on the pH and electrode used. The cathodic processes at ca. -0.6 to -0.8 V were assigned to electrochemical processes on the pyridyl moiety following differential pulse voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical investigation into the electrochemical properties of tin(IV) porphyrin. Photocatalytic experiment on tin(IV) porphyrin 1 under anaerobic conditions using triethanolamine (TEAO) as a sacrifical donor reveal a phlorin species as the main product which rapidly disappears upon exposure to oxygen. These results suggest that tin(IV) porphyrin π-radical anion is perhaps not the species responsible for the apparent ability tin(IV) porphyrins to photocatalytically reduce various substrates, including water to hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk L. C. Olijve
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ethan N. W. How
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shiva Prasad
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen B. Colbran
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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28
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Gómez M, Murcia MD, Dams R, Christofi N, Gómez E, Gómez JL. Removal efficiency and toxicity reduction of 4-chlorophenol with physical, chemical and biochemical methods. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:1055-1064. [PMID: 22720434 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.606847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols are well-known priority pollutants and many different treatments have been assessed to facilitate their removal from industrial wastewater. However, an absolute and optimum solution still has to be practically implemented in an industrial setting. In this work, a series ofphysical, chemical and biochemical treatments have been systematically tested for the removal of 4-chlorophenol, and their results have been compared in order to determine the most effective treatment based on removal efficiency and residual by-product formation. Chemical treatments based on advanced oxidation processes (AOP) produced the best results on rate and extent of pollutant removal. The non-chemical technologies showed advantages in terms of complete (in the case of adsorption) or easy (enzymatic treatments) removal of toxic treatment by-products. The AOP methods led to the production of different photoproducts depending on the chosen treatment. Toxic products remained in most cases following treatment, though the toxicity level is significantly reduced with combination treatments. Among the treatments, a photochemical method combining UV, produced with a KrCl excilamp, and hydrogen peroxide achieved total removal of chlorophenol and all by-products and is considered the best treatment for chlorophenol removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gómez
- Pollution Research Unit, School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Merchiston Campus, Edinburgh EH10 5DT UK.
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Zugle R, Antunes E, Khene S, Nyokong T. Photooxidation of 4-chlorophenol sensitized by lutetium tetraphenoxy phthalocyanine anchored on electrospun polystyrene polymer fiber. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Marin ML, Santos-Juanes L, Arques A, Amat AM, Miranda MA. Organic photocatalysts for the oxidation of pollutants and model compounds. Chem Rev 2011; 112:1710-50. [PMID: 22040166 DOI: 10.1021/cr2000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Marin
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química-Departamento de Química (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain
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Ogunbayo TB, Nyokong T. Phototransformation of 4-nitrophenol using Pd phthalocyanines supported on single walled carbon nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Investigation of homogeneous photosensitized oxidation activities of palladium and platinum octasubstituted phthalocyanines: Oxidation of 4-nitrophenol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yang CH, Chen YS, Lai JS, Hong WWL, Lin CC. Determination of the thermodegradation of deoxyArbutin in aqueous solution by high performance liquid chromatography. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:3977-87. [PMID: 21152314 PMCID: PMC2996804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11103977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is the key and rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the conversion of tyrosine into melanin. Competitive inhibition of tyrosinase enzymatic activity results in decreased or absent melanin synthesis by melanocytes in human skin. DeoxyArbutin (4-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]phenol), a novel skin whitening agent, was synthesized through the removal of hydroxyl groups from the glucose side-chain of arbutin. DeoxyArbutin not only shows greater inhibition of tyrosinase activity but is also safer than hydroquinone and arbutin. Hence, deoxyArbutin is a potential skin whitening agent for cosmetics and depigmenting drugs; however, stability of this compound under some conditions remains a problem. The lack of stability poses developmental and practical difficulties for the use of deoxyArbutin in cosmetics and medicines. Improving the thermostability of deoxyArbutin is an important issue for its development. In this research, we established an analytical procedure to verify the amount of deoxyArbutin in solutions using a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. The results indicate that this novel skin whitening agent is a thermolabile compound in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the rate constant for thermodegradation (k) and the half-life (t(1/2)) of deoxyArbutin were determined and can be used to understand the thermodegradation kinetics of deoxyArbutin. This information can aid in the application of deoxyArbutin for many future uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hsun Yang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200 Chung-Chi Road, Shalu, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-H.Y.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Yi-Shyan Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200 Chung-Chi Road, Shalu, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-H.Y.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Jeng-Shiow Lai
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200 Chung-Chi Road, Shalu, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-H.Y.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Willy W. L. Hong
- R&D Department, Denjelly Co., Ltd., 60 Jiabei 2nd St., Jhunan, Miaoli, 35058, Taiwan; E-Mail: (W.W.L.H.)
| | - Chih-Chien Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200 Chung-Chi Road, Shalu, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-H.Y.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-S.L.)
- * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-4-26328001 ext. 15409; Fax: +886-4-26311167
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Zhao P, Woo JW, Park YS, Song Y, Zhang F. Synthesis of polymeric phthalocyanine sulfonate photosensitizer and its photodegradation on rhodamine B in aqueous medium. Macromol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-010-0502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Silica microspheres functionalized with porphyrin as a reusable and efficient catalyst for the photooxidation of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene in aerated aqueous solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cai JH, Huang JW, Zhao P, Zhou YH, Yu HC, Ji LN. Photodegradation of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene catalyzed by meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin in aerated aqueous solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2008.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chen T, Kang E, Tan G, Liu S, Zheng S, Yang K, Tong S, Fang C, Xiao F, Yan Y. Highly selective catalytic preparation of bis(4-oxo-benzo-2-cyclohexen-1-yl) amine from 1-naphthylamine oxidation over metalloporphyrin catalysts by molecular oxygen under air pressure and by hydrogen peroxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Antimony porphyrin complexes as visible-light driven photocatalyst. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2005.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Monteiro CJP, Pereira MM, Azenha ME, Burrows HD, Serpa C, Arnaut LG, Tapia MJ, Sarakha M, Wong-Wah-Chung P, Navaratnam S. A comparative study of water soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,6-dichloro-3-sulfophenyl)porphyrin and its metal complexes as efficient sensitizers for photodegradation of phenols. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2005; 4:617-24. [PMID: 16052268 DOI: 10.1039/b507597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2,6-dichloro-3-chlorosulfophenyl)porphyrin and its tin and zinc complexes were synthesized with high yields and fully characterized. The corresponding water-soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,6-dichloro-3-sulfophenyl)porphyrins were obtained by hydrolysis with water. An extensive photophysical study of the new water soluble porphyrinic compounds was carried out including absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yields, triplet absorption spectra, triplet lifetimes, triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields. These sensitizers were successfully used in the photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol and 2,6-dimethylphenol. A comparison is made of their efficiencies, and some mechanistic considerations are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J P Monteiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
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McNally AM, Moody EC, McNeill K. Kinetics and mechanism of the sensitized photodegradation of lignin model compounds. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2005; 4:268-74. [PMID: 15738994 DOI: 10.1039/b416956e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the sensitized photodegradation of a variety of well-defined lignin model compounds was studied to determine the mechanisms responsible for lignin's photochemically-mediated oxidation. Monomeric and dimeric models representing lignin's phenolic end groups and nonphenolic dimers representing its inner core were studied. It was determined that the rate constants for the reaction of the deprotonated phenolic models with singlet oxygen (1O2) range from 0.96 to 7.2 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1). The models were substituted with zero, one, or two electron-donating methoxy groups on both aryl rings and, while the rate constants showed little dependence on the substitution of the nonphenolic ring, the rate constants increased dramatically with increasing methoxy substitution of the phenol. Reaction between these deprotonated models and 1O2 is thus proposed to occur at the phenolate ring. Under neutral conditions, it was observed that the phenolic models react with excited state sensitizer, with this reaction also occuring at the phenol ring. The sum of the rate constants for quenching of and reaction with excited state sensitizer by lignin model compound ranges from 5.4 to 75 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1). This study corrects previous reports that attribute the sensitized degradation of neutral lignin model compounds to reaction with 1O2. A nonphenolic aromatic ketone inner-core model was observed to undergo direct photolysis, and its reduced analog was not degraded by direct photolysis or reaction with 1O2 or excited state sensitizer. The oxidized inner-core model was also shown to be able to act as a sensitizer for the degradation of a phenolic lignin model compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M McNally
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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