1
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Amonov A, Scheiner S. Competition between Binding to Various Sites of Substituted Imidazoliums. J Phys Chem A 2023. [PMID: 37490696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The imidazolium cation has a number of different sites that can interact with a nucleophile. Adding a halogen atom (X) or a chalcogen (YH) group introduces the possibility of an NX···nuc halogen or NY···nuc chalcogen bond, which competes against the various H-bonds (NH and CH donors) as well as the lone pair···π interaction wherein the nucleophile lies above the plane of the cation. Substituted imidazoliums are paired with the NH3 base, and the various different complexes are evaluated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The strength of XB and YB increases quickly along with the size and polarizability of the X/Y atom, and this sort of bond is the strongest for the heavier Br, I, Se, and Te atoms, followed by the NH···N H-bond, but this order reverses for Cl and S. The various CH···N H-bonds are comparable to one another and to the lone pair···π bond, all with interaction energies of 10-13 kcal/mol, values which show very little dependence upon the substituent placed on the imidazolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtam Amonov
- Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Engineering Physics Institute, Samarkand State University, University blv. 15, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan
| | - Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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2
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Fotović L, Bedeković N, Stilinović V. Keggin-Type Anions as Halogen Bond Acceptors. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:3384-3392. [PMID: 37159658 PMCID: PMC10162449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To study the potential of Keggin-type polyoxometalate anions to act as halogen bond acceptors, we have prepared a series of 10 halogen-bonded compounds starting from phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic acid and halogenopyridinium cations as halogen (and hydrogen) bond donors. In all the structures, the cations and the anions were interconnected by halogen bonds, more often with terminal M=O oxygen atoms than with bridging oxygen atoms as acceptors. In four structures comprising protonated iodopyridinium cations capable of forming both hydrogen and halogen bonds with the anion, the halogen bond with the anion is apparently favored, whereas hydrogen bonds preferentially involve other acceptors present in the structure. In three obtained structures derived from phosphomolybdic acid, the corresponding oxoanion has been found in its reduced state [Mo12PO40]4-, which has also led to a decrease in halogen bond lengths as compared to the fully oxidated [Mo12PO40]3-. The electrostatic potential on the three types of anions involved in the study ([Mo12PO40]3-, [Mo12PO40]4-, and [W12PO40]3-) has been calculated for optimized geometries of the anions, and it has been shown that the terminal M=O oxygen atoms are the least negative sites of the anions, indicating that they act as halogen bond acceptors primarily due to their steric availability.
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3
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The Halogen Bond in Weakly Bonded Complexes and the Consequences for Aromaticity and Spin-Orbit Coupling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020772. [PMID: 36677828 PMCID: PMC9865902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The halogen bond complexes CF3X⋯Y and C2F3X⋯Y, with Y = furan, thiophene, selenophene and X = Cl, Br, I, have been studied by using DFT and CCSD(T) in order to understand which factors govern the interaction between the halogen atom X and the aromatic ring. We found that PBE0-dDsC/QZ4P gives an adequate description of the interaction energies in these complexes, compared to CCSD(T) and experimental results. The interaction between the halogen atom X and the π-bonds in perpendicular orientation is stronger than the interaction with the in-plane lone pairs of the heteroatom of the aromatic cycle. The strength of the interaction follows the trend Cl < Br < I; the chalcogenide in the aromatic ring nor the hybridization of the C−X bond play a decisive role. The energy decomposition analysis shows that the interaction energy is dominated by all three contributions, viz., the electrostatic, orbital, and dispersion interactions: not one factor dominates the interaction energy. The aromaticity of the ring is undisturbed upon halogen bond formation: the π-ring current remains equally strong and diatropic in the complex as it is for the free aromatic ring. However, the spin-orbit coupling between the singlet and triplet π→π* states is increased upon halogen bond formation and a faster intersystem crossing between these states is therefore expected.
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4
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Molčanov K, Milašinović V, Kojić-Prodić B, Maltar-Strmečki N, You J, Šantić A, Kanižaj L, Stilinović V, Fotović L. Semiconductive 2D arrays of pancake-bonded oligomers of partially charged TCNQ radicals. IUCRJ 2022; 9:449-467. [PMID: 35844480 PMCID: PMC9252159 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252522004717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multicentre two-electron (mc/2e or 'pancake bonding') bonding between 7,7,8,8-tetra-cyano-quinodi-methane (TCNQ) radical anions was studied on its 14 novel salts with planar organic cations. The formal charges of the TCNQδ- moieties are -1/2 and -2/3, and they form mc/2e bonded dimers, trimers and tetramers which are further stacked into extended arrays. Multicentre bonding within these oligomers is characterized by short interplanar separations of 2.9-3.2 Å; distances between the oligomers are larger, typically >3.3 Å. The stacks are laterally connected by C-H⋯N hydrogen bonding, forming 2D arrays. The nature of mc/2e bonding is characterized by structural, magnetic and electrical data. The compounds are found to be semiconductors, and high conductivity [10-2 (Ω cm)-1] correlates with short interplanar distances between pancake-bonded oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Molčanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Valentina Milašinović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Biserka Kojić-Prodić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Nadica Maltar-Strmečki
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Jiangyang You
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ana Šantić
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Lidija Kanižaj
- Department of Materials Physics, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Stilinović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia
| | - Luka Fotović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia
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5
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Fotović L, Bedeković N, Stilinović V. Evaluation of Halogenopyridinium Cations as Halogen Bond Donors. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:6889-6901. [PMID: 34880714 PMCID: PMC8641392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We have performed a database survey and a structural and computational study of the potential and the limitations of halogenopyridinium cations as halogen bond donors. The database survey demonstrated that adding a positive charge on a halogenopyridine ring increases the probability that the halogen atom will participate in a halogen bond, although for chloropyridines it remains below 60%. Crystal structures of both protonated and N-methylated monohalogenated pyridinium cations revealed that the iodo- and bromopyridinium cations always form halogen-bonding contacts with the iodide anions shorter than the sum of the vdW radii, while chloropyridinium cations mostly participate in longer contacts or fail to form halogen bonds. Although a DFT study of the electrostatic potential has shown that both protonation and N-methylation of halogenopyridines leads to a considerable increase in the ESP of the halogen σ-hole, it is generally not the most positive site on the cation, allowing for alternate binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Fotović
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Bedeković
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Stilinović
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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6
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Posavec L, Nemec V, Stilinović V, Cinčić D. Halogen and Hydrogen Bond Motifs in Ionic Cocrystals Derived from 3-Halopyridinium Halogenides and Perfluorinated Iodobenzenes. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:6044-6050. [PMID: 34759783 PMCID: PMC8569900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four halopyridinium salts, 3-chloro- and 3-bromopyridinium chlorides and bromides, have been successfully cocrystallized with two ditopic perfluorinated iodobenzenes, 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene and 1,2-diiodotetrafluorobenzene. These halogen bond donor molecules were chosen because the different positionings of halogen bond donor atoms can lead to different supramolecular architectures. In this work, we present insight into the halogen bond acceptor potential of chloride and bromide ions, as well as the halogen bond donor potential of chlorine and bromine atoms substituted on the pyridinium ring when combined with the expectedly very strong hydrogen bonds between halopyridinium ions and free halogenide anions. A series of eight cocrystals were obtained in which three pairs of isostructural cocrystals were formed. Dominant interactions in the obtained cocrystals were charge-assisted hydrogen bonds between halopyridinium cations and halogenide ions as well as halogen bonds between halogen atoms on the pyridinium ring and halogenide ions.
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7
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Abstract
We performed a structural study of N-alkylated halogenopyridinium cations to examine whether choice of the N-substituent has any considerable effect on the halogen bonding capability of the cations. For that purpose, we prepared a series of N-ethyl-3-halopyridinium iodides and compared them with their N-methyl-3-halopyridinium analogues. Structural analysis revealed that N-ethylated halogenopyridinium cations form slightly shorter C−X⋯I− halogen bonds with iodide anion. We have also attempted synthesis of ditopic symmetric bis-(3-iodopyridinium) dications. Although successful in only one case, the syntheses have afforded two novel ditopic asymmetric monocations with an iodine atom bonded to the pyridine ring and another on the aliphatic N-substituent. Here, the C−I⋯I− halogen bond lengths involving pyridine iodine atom were notably shorter than those involving an aliphatic iodine atom as a halogen bond donor. This trend in halogen bond lengths is in line with the charge distribution on the Hirshfeld surfaces of the cations—the positive charge is predominantly located in the pyridine ring making the pyridine iodine atom σ-hole more positive than the one on the alkyl chan.
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8
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González L, Graus S, Tejedor RM, Chanthapally A, Serrano JL, Uriel S. The combination of halogen and hydrogen bonding: a versatile tool in coordination chemistry. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00832j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
4-Iodo-N-(4-pyridyl)benzamide (INPBA) and four derived coordination complexes were synthesized in order to explore the combination of halogen and hydrogen bonding interactions in coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA)-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Sara Graus
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA)-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Rosa M. Tejedor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA)-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | | | - José Luis Serrano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA)-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Santiago Uriel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA)-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
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9
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Fotović L, Stilinović V. Halogenide anions as halogen and hydrogen bond acceptors in iodopyridinium halogenides. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structures of iodopyridinium halogenides have demonstrated why iodide, the weakest halogen bond acceptor among the halogenides, preferentially forms halogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Fotović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Vladimir Stilinović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
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10
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Vanderkooy A, Gupta AK, Földes T, Lindblad S, Orthaber A, Pápai I, Erdélyi M. Halogen Bonding Helicates Encompassing Iodonium Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9012-9016. [PMID: 31074942 PMCID: PMC6773207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The first halonium-ion-based helices were designed and synthesized using oligo-aryl/pyridylene-ethynylene backbones that fold around reactive iodonium ions. Halogen bonding interactions stabilize the iodonium ions within the helices. Remarkably, the distance between two iodonium ions within a helix is shorter than the sum of their van der Waals radii. The helical conformations were characterized by X-ray crystallography in the solid state, by NMR spectroscopy in solution and corroborated by DFT calculations. The helical complexes possess potential synthetic utility, as demonstrated by their ability to induce iodocyclization of 4-penten-1-ol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Vanderkooy
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala Universitet, Husargatan 3, 752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arvind Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala Universitet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamás Földes
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London, SE1 1DB, UK
| | - Sofia Lindblad
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala Universitet, Husargatan 3, 752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala Universitet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala Universitet, Husargatan 3, 752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Vanderkooy A, Gupta AK, Földes T, Lindblad S, Orthaber A, Pápai I, Erdélyi M. Halogen Bonding Helicates Encompassing Iodonium Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Vanderkooy
- Department of Chemistry—BMCUppsala Universitet Husargatan 3 752 37 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Arvind Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström LaboratoryUppsala Universitet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 751 20 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tamás Földes
- Institute of Organic ChemistryResearch Center for Natural SciencesHungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2 1117 Budapest Hungary
- Present address: Department of ChemistryKing's College London London SE1 1DB UK
| | - Sofia Lindblad
- Department of Chemistry—BMCUppsala Universitet Husargatan 3 752 37 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström LaboratoryUppsala Universitet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 751 20 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic ChemistryResearch Center for Natural SciencesHungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry—BMCUppsala Universitet Husargatan 3 752 37 Uppsala Sweden
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12
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Szell PMJ, Cavallo G, Terraneo G, Metrangolo P, Gabidullin B, Bryce DL. Comparing the Halogen Bond to the Hydrogen Bond by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Anion Coordinated Dimers from 2- and 3-Iodoethynylpyridine Salts. Chemistry 2018; 24:11364-11376. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. J. Szell
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Ottawa; 10 Marie Curie Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Gabriella Cavallo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bionanomaterials; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bionanomaterials; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bionanomaterials; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Ottawa; 10 Marie Curie Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Ottawa; 10 Marie Curie Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
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13
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Cao J, Yan X, He W, Li X, Li Z, Mo Y, Liu M, Jiang YB. C-I···π Halogen Bonding Driven Supramolecular Helix of Bilateral N-Amidothioureas Bearing β-Turns. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6605-6610. [PMID: 28135075 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report the first example of C-I···π halogen bonding driven supramolecular helix in highly dilute solution of micromolar concentration, using alanine based bilateral I-substituted N-amidothioureas that contain helical fragments, the β-turn structures. The halogen bonding interactions afford head-to-tail linkages that help to propagate the helicity of the helical fragments. In support of this action of the halogen bonding, chiral amplification was observed in the supramolecular helix formed in acetonitrile solution. The present finding provides alternative tools in the design of self-assembling macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlian Cao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wenbin He
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China.,Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University , Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States
| | - Maili Liu
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yun-Bao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
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14
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Carlucci L, Gavezzotti A. A quantitative measure of halogen bond activation in cocrystallization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18383-18388. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03322b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calculated energy profiles for XB show the activating effect of ring substituents. The results match the outcome of experimental studies by Aakeröy et al. Cryst.Growth Des., 2015, 15, 3853.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- via C. Golgi 19
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Angelo Gavezzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- via C. Golgi 19
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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15
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Abstract
The halogen bond occurs when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between an electrophilic region associated with a halogen atom in a molecular entity and a nucleophilic region in another, or the same, molecular entity. In this fairly extensive review, after a brief history of the interaction, we will provide the reader with a snapshot of where the research on the halogen bond is now, and, perhaps, where it is going. The specific advantages brought up by a design based on the use of the halogen bond will be demonstrated in quite different fields spanning from material sciences to biomolecular recognition and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cavallo
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
- VTT-Technical
Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Roberto Milani
- VTT-Technical
Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tullio Pilati
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Department
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere
University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
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16
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Gilday LC, Robinson SW, Barendt TA, Langton MJ, Mullaney BR, Beer PD. Halogen Bonding in Supramolecular Chemistry. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7118-95. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500674c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 913] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia C. Gilday
- Chemistry Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Sean W. Robinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy A. Barendt
- Chemistry Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Langton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin R. Mullaney
- Chemistry Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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17
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Cadoni E, Ferino G, Pitzanti P, Secci F, Fattuoni C, Nicolò F, Bruno G. Halogen and Hydrogen Bonding Benzothiophene Diol Derivatives: A Study Using ab initio Calculations and X-Ray Crystal Structure Measurements. ChemistryOpen 2015; 4:161-8. [PMID: 25969814 PMCID: PMC4420588 DOI: 10.1002/open.201402087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe and compare the supramolecular interactions, in the solid state, of chloro-, bromo-, and iodobenzothiophene diols. The compounds were obtained through organo-catalyzed reactions starting from 3-substituted halobenzothiophene carbaldehydes. Energies of the noncovalent interactions were obtained by density functional theory calculations. Bond distances and angles were found to be in accordance with those determined by X-ray structure analysis. anti-Bromobenzothiophene derivatives showed strong halogen⋅⋅⋅π interactions between bromine and the heterocyclic phenyl ring, corresponding to an energy of 7.5 kcal mol(-1). syn-Bromo and syn-iodo derivatives appeared to be isostructural, showing X⋅⋅⋅O (carbonyl) interactions, π stacking, and formation of extended hydrogen bonding networks. In contrast, the chloro derivatives displayed no halogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Cadoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di MonserratoSS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 90042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di MonserratoSS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 90042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pitzanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di MonserratoSS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 90042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Francesco Secci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di MonserratoSS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 90042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Claudia Fattuoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di MonserratoSS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 90042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicolò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di MessinaSalita Sperone 31, Villaggio S. Agata, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di MessinaSalita Sperone 31, Villaggio S. Agata, 98166, Messina, Italy
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18
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Khavasi HR, Hosseini M, Tehrani AA, Naderi S. Strengthening N⋯X halogen bonding via nitrogen substitution in the aromatic framework of halogen-substituted arylpyrazinamides. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce41856a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The importance of N⋯X halogen bonding in a series of N-(5-halo-2-pyridinyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamides has been investigated by different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdieh Hosseini
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | | | - Soheila Naderi
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran 1983963113, Iran
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19
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20
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Cavallo G, Metrangolo P, Meyer F, Pilati T, Resnati G, Terraneo G. The 1:1 co-crystal of triphen-yl(2,3,5,6-tetra-fluoro-benz-yl)phospho-nium bromide and 1,1,2,2-tetra-fluoro-1,2-di-iodo-ethane. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2014; 70:o9-o10. [PMID: 24527019 PMCID: PMC3914050 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813032522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C25H18F4P+·Br−·C2F4I2, is a 1:1 co-crystal of triphenyl(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzyl)phosphonium (TTPB) bromide and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1,2-diiodoethane (TFDIE). The crystal structure consists of a framework of TTPB cations held together by C—H⋯Br interactions. In this framework, infinite channels along [100] are filled by TFDIE molecules held together in infinite ribbons by short F⋯F [2.863 (2)–2.901 (2)Å] interactions. The structure contains halogen bonds (XB) and hydrogen bonds (HB) in the bromide coordination sphere. TFDIE functions as a monodentate XB donor as only one I atom is linked to the Br− anion and forms a short and directional interaction [I⋯Br− 3.1798 (7) Å and C—I⋯Br− 177.76 (5)°]. The coordination sphere of the bromide anion is completed by two short HBs of about 2.8 Å (for H⋯Br) with the acidic methylene H atoms and two longer HBs of about 3.0 Å with H atoms of the phenyl rings. Surprisingly neither the second iodine atom of TFDIE nor the H atom on the tetrafluorophenyl group make any short contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cavallo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli, 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli, 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Franck Meyer
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Supramolecular Nanomaterials, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Tullio Pilati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli, 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli, 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli, 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
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21
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Saraswatula VG, Saha BK. The effect of temperature on interhalogen interactions in a series of isostructural organic systems. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01395b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The order of thermal expansion of the interhalogen interactions is I⋯I < Br⋯Br < Cl⋯Cl, indicating that the order of interhalogen interaction strength is I⋯I > Br⋯Br > Cl⋯Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Binoy K. Saha
- Department of Chemistry
- Pondicherry University
- Puducherry 605 014, India
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22
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Mancini A, Aragoni MC, Bingham AL, Castellano C, Coles née Huth SL, Demartin F, Hursthouse MB, Isaia F, Lippolis V, Maninchedda G, Pintus A, Arca M. Reactivity of Fluoro-Substituted Bis(thiocarbonyl) Donors with Diiodine: An XRD, FT-Raman, and DFT Investigation. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:3071-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Gushchin PV, Kuznetsov ML, Haukka M, Kukushkin VY. Recognition of a Novel Type X═N–Hal···Hal (X = C, S, P; Hal = F, Cl, Br, I) Halogen Bonding. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:2827-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3112149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V. Gushchin
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof,
Russian Federation
| | - Maxim L. Kuznetsov
- Centro
de Química Estrutural,
Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001
Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35,
FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof,
Russian Federation
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, V. O. Bolshoii
Pr. 31, 199004, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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24
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Troff RW, Mäkelä T, Topić F, Valkonen A, Raatikainen K, Rissanen K. Alternative Motifs for Halogen Bonding. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Mukai T, Nishikawa K. 4,5-Dihaloimidazolium-based ionic liquids: effects of halogen-bonding on crystal structures and ionic conductivity. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43899f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Saccone M, Cavallo G, Metrangolo P, Pace A, Pibiri I, Pilati T, Resnati G, Terraneo G. Halogen bond directionality translates tecton geometry into self-assembled architecture geometry. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Espino G, Jalón FA, Manzano BR, Pérez-Manrique M, Mereiter K, Quiñonero D. Synthesis and structure of cis-[RuCl(bpzm)(κ1-P-dpim)(κ2-P,N-dpim)]Cl·(CHCl3)5. Stability of [Cl(HCCl3) n ]− aggregates. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2012.717697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Espino
- a Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos , Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 , Burgos , Spain
| | - Félix A. Jalón
- b Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 , Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Blanca R. Manzano
- b Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 , Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Mercedes Pérez-Manrique
- a Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos , Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 , Burgos , Spain
| | - Kurt Mereiter
- c Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9/164-SC, A-1060 , Vienna , Austria
| | - David Quiñonero
- d Departament de Química , Universitat de les Illes Balears , Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 , Palma de Mallorca , Spain
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Kniep F, Walter SM, Herdtweck E, Huber SM. 4,4'-Azobis(halopyridinium) derivatives: strong multidentate halogen-bond donors with a redox-active core. Chemistry 2012; 18:1306-10. [PMID: 22238245 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kniep
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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29
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Xu L, Lv J, Sang P, Zou JW, Yu QS, Xu MB. Comparative insight into the halogen bonding of 4-chloropyridine and its metal [CuI,ZnII] coordinations with halide ions: A theoretical study on M–C–X⋯X′. Chem Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Bertani R, Sgarbossa P, Venzo A, Lelj F, Amati M, Resnati G, Pilati T, Metrangolo P, Terraneo G. Halogen bonding in metal–organic–supramolecular networks. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Raatikainen K, Cametti M, Rissanen K. The subtle balance of weak supramolecular interactions: The hierarchy of halogen and hydrogen bonds in haloanilinium and halopyridinium salts. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:4. [PMID: 20502514 PMCID: PMC2870930 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
THE SERIES OF HALOANILINIUM AND HALOPYRIDINIUM SALTS: 4-IPhNH₃Cl (1), 4-IPhNH₃Br (5), 4-IPhNH₃H₂PO₄ (6), 4-ClPhNH₃H₂PO₄ (8), 3-IPyBnCl (9), 3-IPyHCl (10) and 3-IPyH-5NIPA (3-iodopyridinium 5-nitroisophthalate, 13), where hydrogen or/and halogen bonding represents the most relevant non-covalent interactions, has been prepared and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. This series was further complemented by extracting some relevant crystal structures: 4-BrPhNH₃Cl (2, CCDC ref. code TAWRAL), 4-ClPhNH₃Cl (3, CURGOL), 4-FPhNH₃Cl (4, ANLCLA), 4-BrPhNH₃H₂PO₄, (7, UGISEI), 3-BrPyHCl, (11, CIHBAX) and 3-ClPyHCl, (12, VOQMUJ) from Cambridge Structural Database for sake of comparison. Based on the X-ray data it was possible to highlight the balance between non-covalent forces acting in these systems, where the relative strength of the halogen bonding C-X...A⁻ (X = I, Br or Cl) and the ratio between the halogen and hydrogen bonds [C-X...A⁻ : D-H...A⁻] varied across the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Raatikainen
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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32
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Cauliez P, Polo V, Roisnel T, Llusar R, Fourmigué M. The thiocyanate anion as a polydentate halogen bond acceptor. CrystEngComm 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b913559f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Halide anions driven self-assembly of haloperfluoroarenes: Formation of one-dimensional non-covalent copolymers. J Fluor Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Mukai T, Nishikawa K. Halogen-bonded and Hydrogen-bonded Network Structures in Crystals of 1-Propyl- and 1-Butyl-4,5-dibromo-3-methylimidazolium Bromides. CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2009.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Polaske NW, Nichol GS, Szabó LZ, Olenyuk B. Molecular Solids from Symmetrical Bis(piperazine-2,5-diones) with Open and Closed Monomer Conformations. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2009; 9:2191-2197. [PMID: 20161254 PMCID: PMC2699313 DOI: 10.1021/cg800902u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The design, synthesis and solid state structures of a new class of xylylene-linked bis(1,4- piperazine-2,5-diones) are reported in an effort to extend the molecular framework of piperazine-2,5-diones. These compounds were derived from piperazine-2,5-dione as the core structure, synthesized via a new efficient route, and their crystal structures were determined. We examined the effects of side chain substitution on conformations of the linked bis-DKPs. Crystallization of 3,3'-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]-bis[6-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dimethylpiperazine-2,5-dione] yielded molecular solids with an unusual network of "C"-shaped monomers held together by four intermolecular hydrogen bonds per asymmetric unit. Similarly, intermolecular interactions between the iodomethyl groups in 3,3'-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]-bis[6-(iodomethyl)-1,4-dimethyl-piperazine-2,5-dione] result in the monomers adopting a "C"-shape in the solid state. Assembly of the monomers with side chains converted to methyl groups or tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers, thereby lacking these stabilizing intermolecular interactions, results in an infinite array of "S"-shaped conformations. These results suggest that the interplay between the attractive intermolecular interactions and repulsive steric interactions of the substituents at the C6 and C6' positions of the diketopiperazine rings is important in determining the solid-state conformations of xylylene-linked bis(piperazine-2,5-diones).
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36
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Derossi S, Brammer L, Hunter CA, Ward MD. Halogen Bonded Supramolecular Assemblies of [Ru(bipy)(CN)4]2− Anions and N-Methyl-Halopyridinium Cations in the Solid State and in Solution. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:1666-77. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8021529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Derossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Lee Brammer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | | | - Michael D. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
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37
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Awwadi FF, Willett RD, Twamley B. The role of charge assisted arylhalogen–halide ion interactions in the structures of the dibromopyridinium halide salts. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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38
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Metrangolo P, Pilati T, Terraneo G, Biella S, Resnati G. Anion coordination and anion-templated assembly under halogen bonding control. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b821300c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Gattuso G, Notti A, Pappalardo S, Parisi MF, Pilati T, Resnati G, Terraneo G. Ion-pair separation via selective inclusion/segregation processes. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b904811c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Metrangolo P, Meyer F, Pilati T, Resnati G, Terraneo G. Halogen Bonding in Supramolecular Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6114-27. [PMID: 18651626 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1172] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, 7, via Mancinelli, 20131 Milan, Italy.
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41
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Metrangolo P, Meyer F, Pilati T, Resnati G, Terraneo G. Halogenbrücken in der supramolekularen Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Understanding the magnitude and origin of bidentate charge-assisted halogen bonds of halo-perfluorocarbons and halo-hydrocarbons with halide anions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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44
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Bouchmella K, Boury B, Dutremez SG, van der Lee A. Molecular Assemblies from Imidazolyl-Containing Haloalkenes and Haloalkynes: Competition between Halogen and Hydrogen Bonding. Chemistry 2007; 13:6130-8. [PMID: 17477453 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The structural characterization of molecular assemblies constructed from imidazolyl-containing haloalkenes and haloalkynes is reported. 1-(3-Iodopropargyl)imidazole (2) and 1-(2,3,3-triiodoallyl)imidazole (5) were synthesized from 1-propargylimidazole (1). In the solid state, these wholly organic modules self-assemble through N...I halogen-bonding interactions, thus giving rise to polymeric chains. The N...I interaction observed in 2 (d(N...I)=2.717 A, angle-spherical C(sp)-I...N=175.8 degrees) is quite strong relative to previously reported data. The N...I interaction in 5 (d(N...I)=2.901 A, angle-spherical C(sp2)-I...N=173.6 degrees) is weaker, in accordance with the order C(sp)-X<--base>C(sp2)-X<--base. Compound 5 was found to give a 1:1 cocrystal 4 with morpholinium iodide (6). In the X-ray crystal studies of 4, N...I halogen-bonding interactions similar to those observed in 5 were shown not to be present, as the arrangement of the molecules is governed by two interwoven hydrogen-bonding networks. The first network involves N-H...O interactions between nearby morpholinium cations, and the second network is based on N-H...N hydrogen bonding between morpholinium cations and imidazolyl groups. Both hydrogen-bonding schemes are charge-assisted. Halogen bonding is not completely wiped out, however, as the triiodoalkene fragment forms a halogen bond with an iodide anion in its vicinity (d(I...I)=3.470 A, angle-spherical C(sp2)-I...I=170.7 degrees). X-ray crystal studies of 6 show a completely different arrangement from that observed in 4, namely, N-H...O interactions are not present. In crystalline 6, morpholinium cations are interconnected through C-H...O bridges (d(H...O)=2.521 and 2.676 A), and the NH2+ groups interact with nearby iodide anions (d(H...I)=2.633 and 2.698 A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Bouchmella
- Laboratoire Chimie Moléculaire et Organisation du Solide, UMR 5637, Université Montpellier II, Case Courrier 007, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Metrangolo P, Meyer F, Pilati T, Proserpio DM, Resnati G. Highly Interpenetrated Supramolecular Networks Supported by N⋅⋅⋅I Halogen Bonding. Chemistry 2007; 13:5765-72. [PMID: 17407111 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Halogen bonding (XB) has been used to assemble tetrakis(4-pyridyl)pentaerythritol (tetradentate XB acceptor) with different alpha,omega-diiodoperfluoroalkanes (bidentate XB donors) or tetrakis(4-iodotetrafluorophenyl)pentaerythritol (tetradentate XB donor). The remarkable linearity of the XB formed, the rodlike character of alpha,omega-diiodoperfluoroalkanes and the mutual complementarities of pentaerythritol partners, translate the three-dimensional character of the XB acceptor into open primary networks, which interpenetrate to avoid the presence of voids and to ensure segregation of the modules. Two-dimensional (2D) square 4(4) layers (sql) with fourfold and fivefold interpenetration, as well as an eightfold diamondoid network (dia) of class Ia and a remarkable tenfold dia network of class IIIa, have been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab c/o Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli, 20131 Milan, Italy.
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Gattuso G, Pappalardo A, Parisi MF, Pisagatti I, Crea F, Liantonio R, Metrangolo P, Navarrini W, Resnati G, Pilati T, Pappalardo S. Dipyridinocalixcrown/diiodoperfluorocarbon binary host systems for CsI: structural studies and fluorous phase extraction of caesium. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Awwadi FF, Willett RD, Peterson KA, Twamley B. The Nature of Halogen···Halide Synthons: Theoretical and Crystallographic Studies. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:2319-28. [PMID: 17388325 DOI: 10.1021/jp0660684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two types of halogen...halide synthons are investigated on the basis of theoretical and crystallographic studies; the simple halogen...halide synthons and the charge assisted halogen...halide synthons. The former interactions were investigated theoretically (ab initio) by studying the energy of interaction of a halide anion with a halocarbon species as a function of Y...X- separation distance and the C-Y...X- angle in a series of complexes (R-Y...X-, R=methyl, phenyl, acetyl or pyridyl; Y=F, Cl, Br, or I; X-=F-, Cl-, Br-, or I-). The theoretical study of the latter interaction type was investigated in only one system, the [(4BP)Cl]2 dimer, (4BP=4-bromopyrdinium cation). Crystal structure determinations, to complement the latter theoretical calculations, were performed on 13 n-chloropyridinium and n-bromopyridinium halide salts (n=2-4). The theoretical and crystallographic studies indicate that these interactions are controlled by electrostatics and are characterized by linear C-Y...X- angles and separation distances less than the sum of van der Waals radius (rvdW) of the halogen atom and the ionic radii of the halide anion. The strength of these contacts from calculations varies from weak or absent, e.g., H3C-Cl...I-, to very strong, e.g., HCC-I...F- (energy of interaction ca. -153 kJ/mol). The strengths of these contacts are influenced by four factors: (a) the type of the halide anion; (b) the type of the halogen atom; (c) the hybridization of the ipso carbon; (d) the nature of the functional groups. The calculations also show that charge assisted halogen...halide synthons have a comparable strength to simple halogen...halide synthons. The nature of these contacts is explained on the basis of an electrostatic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas F Awwadi
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA.
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Gattuso G, Liantonio R, Metrangolo P, Meyer F, Pappalardo A, Parisi MF, Pilati T, Pisagatti I, Resnati G. Hybrid Calixarene/Inorganic Salt/Diiodoperfluorocarbon Supramolecular Assemblies. Supramol Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10610270500450333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gattuso
- a Università di Messina, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica , salita Sperone 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Liantonio
- b Politecnico di Milano , DCMIC “G. Natta”, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano; Polo Regionale di Como, via Castelnuovo 7, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- b Politecnico di Milano , DCMIC “G. Natta”, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano; Polo Regionale di Como, via Castelnuovo 7, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Franck Meyer
- b Politecnico di Milano , DCMIC “G. Natta”, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano; Polo Regionale di Como, via Castelnuovo 7, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Andrea Pappalardo
- a Università di Messina, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica , salita Sperone 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Melchiorre F. Parisi
- a Università di Messina, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica , salita Sperone 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Tullio Pilati
- c C.N.R.—Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Università di Milano , via C. Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pisagatti
- a Università di Messina, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica , salita Sperone 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- b Politecnico di Milano , DCMIC “G. Natta”, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano; Polo Regionale di Como, via Castelnuovo 7, I-22100 Como, Italy
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Lucassen ACB, Zubkov T, Shimon LJW, van der Boom ME. Design, synthesis and crystal structure of a multiple donor–acceptor halogen bonded stilbazole: assembly of unimolecular interconnected helices. CrystEngComm 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b704569g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Awwadi FF, Willett RD, Peterson KA, Twamley B. The Nature of Halogen⋅⋅⋅Halogen Synthons: Crystallographic and Theoretical Studies. Chemistry 2006; 12:8952-60. [PMID: 16972291 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A study of the halogen...halogen contacts in organic compounds using ab initio calculations and the results of previously reported crystallographic studies show that these interactions are controlled by electrostatics. These contacts can be represented by the geometric parameters of the C--X1...X2--C moieties (where theta1=C--X1...X2 and theta2=X1...X2--C; ri=X1...X2 distance). The distributions of the contacts within the sum of van der Waals radii (rvdW) versus thetai (theta1=theta2) show a maximum at theta approximately 150 degrees for X=Cl, Br, and I. This maximum is not seen in the distribution of F...F contacts. These results are in good agreement with our ab initio calculations. The theoretical results show that the position of the maximum depends on three factors: 1) The type of halogen atom, 2) the hybridization of the ipso carbon atom, and 3) the nature of the other atoms that are bonded to the ipso carbon atom apart from the halogen atom. Calculations show that the strength of these contacts decreases in the following order: I...I>Br...Br>Cl...Cl. Their relative strengths decrease as a function of the hybridization of the ipso carbon atom in the following order: sp2>sp>sp3. Attaching an electronegative atom to the carbon atom strengthens the halogen...halogen contacts. An electrostatic model is proposed based on two assumptions: 1) The presence of a positive electrostatic end cap on the halogen atom (except for fluorine) and 2) the electronic charge is anisotropically distributed around the halogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas F Awwadi
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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