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Bresciani G, Boni S, Funaioli T, Zacchini S, Pampaloni G, Busto N, Biver T, Marchetti F. Adding Diversity to a Diruthenium Biscyclopentadienyl Scaffold via Alkyne Incorporation: Synthesis and Biological Studies. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12453-12467. [PMID: 37478132 PMCID: PMC10410612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and the assessment of the anticancer potential of two series of diruthenium biscyclopentadienyl carbonyl complexes. Novel dimetallacyclopentenone compounds (2-4) were obtained (45-92% yields) from the thermal reaction (PhCCPh exchange) of [Ru2Cp2(CO)(μ-CO){μ-η1:η3-C(Ph)═C(Ph)C(═O)}], 1, with alkynes HCCR [R = C5H4FeCp (Fc), 3-C6H4(Asp), 2-naphthyl; Cp = η5-C5H5, Asp = OC(O)-2-C6H4C(O)Me]. Protonation of 1-3 by HBF4 afforded the corresponding μ-alkenyl derivatives 5-7, in 40-86% yields. All products were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy; moreover, cyclic voltammetry (1, 2, 5, 7) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (5, 7) analyses were performed on representative compounds. Complexes 5-7 revealed a cytotoxic activity comparable to that of cisplatin in A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), SW480 (colon adenocarcinoma), and ovarian (A2780) cancer cell lines, and 2, 5, 6, and 7 overcame cisplatin resistance in A2780cis cells. Complexes 2, 5, and 7 (but not the aspirin derivative 6) induced an increase in intracellular ROS levels. Otherwise, 6 strongly stabilizes and elongates natural DNA (from calf thymus, CT-DNA), suggesting a possible intercalation binding mode, whereas 5 is less effective in binding CT-DNA, and 7 is ineffective. This trend is reversed concerning RNA, and in particular, 7 is able to bind poly(rA)poly(rU) showing selectivity for this nucleic acid. Complexes 5-7 can interact with the albumin protein with a thermodynamic signature dominated by hydrophobic interactions. Overall, we show that organometallic species based on the Ru2Cp2(CO)x scaffold (x = 2, 3) are active against cancer cells, with different incorporated fragments influencing the interactions with nucleic acids and the production of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Bresciani
- University
of Pisa, Dipartimento di
Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Boni
- University
of Pisa, Dipartimento di
Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Funaioli
- University
of Pisa, Dipartimento di
Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- University
of Bologna, Dipartimento di
Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- University
of Pisa, Dipartimento di
Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Natalia Busto
- University
of Burgos, Departamento de
Química, Plaza
Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Tarita Biver
- University
of Pisa, Dipartimento di
Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- University
of Pisa, Dipartimento di
Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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2
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Binacchi F, Elia C, Cirri D, Van de Griend C, Zhou XQ, Messori L, Bonnet S, Pratesi A, Biver T. A biophysical study of the interactions of palladium(II), platinum(II) and gold(III) complexes of aminopyridyl-2,2'-bipyridine ligands with RNAs and other nucleic acid structures. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:598-608. [PMID: 36562298 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03483b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metal compounds form an attractive class of ligands for a variety of nucleic acids. Five metal complexes bearing aminopyridyl-2,2'-bipyridine tetradentate ligands and possessing a quasi-planar geometry were challenged toward different types of nucleic acid molecules including RNA polynucleotides in the duplex or triplex form, an RNA Holliday four-way junction, natural double helix DNA and a DNA G-quadruplex. The binding process was monitored comparatively using different spectroscopic and melting methods. The binding preferences that emerge from our analysis are discussed in relation to the structural features of the metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Binacchi
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Cassandra Elia
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Damiano Cirri
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Corjan Van de Griend
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Xue-Quan Zhou
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tarita Biver
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Martínez-Camarena Á, Liberato A, Delgado-Pinar E, Algarra AG, Pitarch-Jarque J, Llinares JM, Mañez MÁ, Domenech-Carbó A, Basallote MG, García-España E. Coordination Chemistry of Cu 2+ Complexes of Small N-Alkylated Tetra-azacyclophanes with SOD Activity. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10961-10973. [PMID: 30129755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A new tetraaza-pyridinophane macrocycle (L1) N-alkylated with two isopropyl and one methyl groups symmetrically disposed has been prepared and its behavior compared with those of the unsubstituted pyridinophane (L3) and the related compound with three methyl groups (L2). The protonation studies show that, first, a proton binds to the central methylated amine group of L1, while, second protonation leads to a reorganization of the protons that are at this stage attached to the lateral isopropylated amines. The X-ray structure of [HL1]+ agrees with the UV-vis and NMR studies as well as with the results of DFT calculations. The stability of the Cu2+ complexes decreases on increasing the bulkiness of the alkyl substituents of the amine groups. The crystal structures of [CuL1Cl](ClO4) and [CuL1(H2O)](ClO4)2·H2O show square pyramidal coordination geometries with the ligands disposed in a bent L-shaped conformation. Kinetic studies indicate that the rates of both complexation and ligand dissociation decrease with the bulkiness of the substituents, so that the stability changes are surely the results of compensating effects, complex formation dominating over complex dissociation. The pH dependence of the rate constants for complex formation cannot be explained by consideration of rapid pre-equilibria involving the different protonated forms of the ligand, and it has been interpreted in terms of a mechanism involving an acid-base equilibrium for a reaction intermediate. NBT SOD studies show that the Cu2+ complex of the bulkiest L1 ligand is the one having the highest activity (IC50 = 0.26(5) μM, kcat = 13.7 × 106 M-1 s-1) which can be associated with the poorer σ-donor ability of the tertiary amino groups, and the rigidity of the system, caused by the bulky isopropyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Martínez-Camarena
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 , Paterna , Valencia , Spain
| | - Andrea Liberato
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Cádiz , Avda República Saharahui s/n , Puerto Real , 11510 , Cádiz , Spain
| | - Estefanía Delgado-Pinar
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 , Paterna , Valencia , Spain
| | - Andrés G Algarra
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Cádiz , Avda República Saharahui s/n , Puerto Real , 11510 , Cádiz , Spain
| | - Javier Pitarch-Jarque
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 , Paterna , Valencia , Spain
| | - José M Llinares
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 , Paterna , Valencia , Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Dr. Moliner s/n , 46100 , Burjassot , Valencia , Spain
| | - M Ángeles Mañez
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Cádiz , Avda República Saharahui s/n , Puerto Real , 11510 , Cádiz , Spain
| | - Antonio Domenech-Carbó
- Departamento de Química Analítica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Dr. Moliner s/n , 46100 , Burjassot , Valencia , Spain
| | - Manuel G Basallote
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Cádiz , Avda República Saharahui s/n , Puerto Real , 11510 , Cádiz , Spain
| | - Enrique García-España
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 , Paterna , Valencia , Spain
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Nebot-Guinot A, Liberato A, Máñez MA, Clares MP, Doménech A, Pitarch-Jarque J, Martínez-Camarena A, Basallote MG, García-España E. Methylation as an effective way to generate SOD-activity in copper complexes of scorpiand-like azamacrocyclic receptors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Mechanistic details on Pd(II)/5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin complex formation and reactivity in the presence of DNA. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Górecki M, Zinna F, Biver T, Di Bari L. Induced circularly polarized luminescence for revealing DNA binding with fluorescent dyes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:6-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Aydinoglu S, Biver T, Figuccia S, Fiore T, Montanaro S, Pellerito C. Studies on DNA interaction of organotin(IV) complexes of meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine that show cellular activity. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:311-317. [PMID: 27393277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the diorgano- and triorganotin(IV) derivatives of meso-tetra-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine (Me2Sn)2TPPS, (Bu2Sn)2TPPS, (Me3Sn)4TPPS and (Bu3Sn)4TPPS to natural DNA was analysed (together with free meso-tetra-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine (TPPS4-) for comparison purposes). Particular attention was paid to (Bu3Sn)4TPPS, a species that shows significant cellular action. Preliminary tests were done on the solution properties of the organotin(IV) compounds (pKA and possible self-aggregation). Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric experiments showed that all the investigated organotin(IV) derivatives strongly interact with DNA, the binding energy depending on the dye steric hindrance. In all cases experimental data concur in indicating that external binding mode prevails. Interestingly, fluorescence quenching and viscosity experiments show that the Bu-containing species, and in particular (Bu3Sn)4TPPS, are able to noticeably alter the DNA conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabriye Aydinoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Stefania Figuccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Fiore
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica (DiFC), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Montanaro
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Pellerito
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica (DiFC), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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8
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Ferri G, Nucara L, Biver T, Battisti A, Signore G, Bizzarri R. Organization of inner cellular components as reported by a viscosity-sensitive fluorescent Bodipy probe suitable for phasor approach to FLIM. Biophys Chem 2016; 208:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Biancardi A, Biver T, Burgalassi A, Mattonai M, Secco F, Venturini M. Mechanistic aspects of thioflavin-T self-aggregation and DNA binding: evidence for dimer attack on DNA grooves. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:20061-72. [PMID: 25130260 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thioflavin-T (TFT) is a fluorescent marker widely employed in biomedical research but the mechanism of its binding to polynucleotides has been poorly understood. This paper presents a study of the mechanisms of TFT self-aggregation and binding to DNA. Relaxation kinetics of TFT solutions show that the cyanine undergoes dimerization followed by dimer isomerisation. The interaction of TFT with DNA has been investigated using static methods, such as spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric titrations under different conditions (salt content, temperature), fluorescence quenching, viscometric experiments and the T-jump relaxation method. The combined use of these techniques enabled us to show that the TFT monomer undergoes intercalation between the DNA base pairs and external binding according to a branched mechanism. Moreover, it has also been observed that, under dye excess conditions, the TFT dimer binds to the DNA grooves. The molecular structures of intercalated TFT and the groove-bound TFT dimer are obtained by performing QM/MM MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Biancardi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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10
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Biancardi A, Biver T, Secco F, Mennucci B. An investigation of the photophysical properties of minor groove bound and intercalated DAPI through quantum-mechanical and spectroscopic tools. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:4596-603. [PMID: 23423468 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44058c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescent probe 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) is a dye known to interact with polynucleotides in a non-univocal manner, both intercalation and minor groove binding modes being possible, and to specifically change its photophysical properties according to the different environments. To investigate this behavior, quantum-mechanical calculations using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), coupled with polarizable continuum and/or atomistic models, were performed in combination with spectroscopic measurements of the probe in the different environments, ranging from a homogeneous solution to the minor groove or intercalation pockets of double stranded nucleic acids. According to our simulation, the electronic transition involves a displacement of the electron charge towards the external amidine groups and this feature makes the absorption energies very environment-sensitive while a much smaller sensitivity is seen in the fluorescence energies. Moreover, the calculations show that the DAPI molecule, when minor groove bound to the nucleic acid, presents both a reduced geometrical flexibility because of the rigid DNA pocket and a reduced polarization due to the very "apolar" microenvironment. All these effects can be used to better understand the observed enhancement of the fluorescence, which makes it an excellent marker for DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Biancardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento, 35-56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Beccia MR, Biver T, Pardini A, Spinelli J, Secco F, Venturini M, Busto Vázquez N, Lopez Cornejo MP, Martin Herrera VI, Prado Gotor R. The Fluorophore 4′,6‐Diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) Induces DNA Folding in Long Double‐Stranded DNA. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1803-10. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa Beccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa (Italy), Fax: (+39) 050‐2219260
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa (Italy), Fax: (+39) 050‐2219260
| | - Alberto Pardini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa (Italy), Fax: (+39) 050‐2219260
| | - Jacopo Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa (Italy), Fax: (+39) 050‐2219260
| | - Fernando Secco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa (Italy), Fax: (+39) 050‐2219260
| | - Marcella Venturini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa (Italy), Fax: (+39) 050‐2219260
| | - Natalia Busto Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s.n., 09001 Burgos (Spain)
| | - Maria Pilar Lopez Cornejo
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González s/n, 41012, Seville (Spain)
| | | | - Rafael Prado Gotor
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González s/n, 41012, Seville (Spain)
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Hakimi M, Moeini K, Mardani Z, Fernandes MA, Mohr F, Schuh E. Template-directed synthesis of macrocyclic copper(II) complexes of diazacyclam, 1,3,6,10,12,15-hexaazatricyclo[13.3.1.16,10]eicosane. J COORD CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2012.669834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hakimi
- a Chemistry Department , Payame Noor University , 19395-4697 Tehran , Iran
| | - Keyvan Moeini
- a Chemistry Department , Payame Noor University , 19395-4697 Tehran , Iran
| | - Zahra Mardani
- a Chemistry Department , Payame Noor University , 19395-4697 Tehran , Iran
| | - Manuel A. Fernandes
- b Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand , Private Bag 3, Wits, Johannesburg 2050 , South Africa
| | - Fabian Mohr
- c Fachbereich C – Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal , 42119 Wuppertal , Germany
| | - Esther Schuh
- c Fachbereich C – Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal , 42119 Wuppertal , Germany
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Beccia MR, Biver T, García B, Leal JM, Secco F, Ruiz R, Venturini M. Mechanism of Ni2+ and NiOH+ interaction with hydroxamic acids in SDS: evaluation of the contributions to the equilibrium and rate parameters in the aqueous and micellar phase. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7372-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30621b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Bencini A, Lippolis V. 1,10-Phenanthroline: A versatile building block for the construction of ligands for various purposes. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ruiz R, García B, Garcia-Tojal J, Busto N, Ibeas S, Leal JM, Martins C, Gaspar J, Borrás J, Gil-García R, González-Alvarez M. Biological assays and noncovalent interactions of pyridine-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazonecopper(II) drugs with [poly(dA-dT)](2), [poly(dG-dC)] (2), and calf thymus DNA. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 15:515-32. [PMID: 20087612 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-009-0620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the Cu(II) drugs CuL(NO(3)) and CuL'(NO(3)) (HL is pyridine-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and HL' is pyridine-2-carbaldehyde 4N-methylthiosemicarbazone, in water named [CuL](+) and [CuL'](+)) with [poly(dA-dT)](2), [poly(dG-dC)](2), and calf thymus (CT) DNA has been probed in aqueous solution at pH 6.0, I = 0.1 M, and T = 25 degrees C by absorbance, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and viscosity measurements. The results reveal that these drugs act as groove binders with [poly(dA-dT)](2), with a site size n = 6-7, whereas they act as external binders with [poly(dG-dC)](2) and/or CT-DNA, thus establishing overall electrostatic interaction with n = 1. The binding constants with [CuL'](+) were slightly larger than with [CuL](+). The title compounds display some cleavage activity in the presence of thiols, bringing about the rupture of the DNA strands by the reactive oxygen species formed by reoxidation of Cu(I) to Cu(II); this feature was not observed in the absence of thiols. Mutagenic assays performed both in the presence and in the absence of S9 mix, probed by the Ames test on TA 98, TA 100, and TA 102, were negative. Weak genotoxic activity was detected for [CuL](+) and [CuL'](+), with a significative dose-response effect for [CuL'](+), which was shown to be more cytotoxic in the Ames test and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell proliferation assays. Methylation of the terminal NH(2) group enhances the antiproliferative activity of the pyridine-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
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Bazzicalupi C, Biagini S, Bianchi A, Biver T, Boggioni A, Giorgi C, Gratteri P, Malavolti M, Secco F, Valtancoli B, Venturini M. DNA interaction with Ru(ii) and Ru(ii)/Cu(ii) complexes containing azamacrocycle and dppz residues. A thermodynamic, kinetic and theoretical study. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9838-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00552e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Aydinoglu S, Biver T, Secco F, Venturini M. Metal-complex formation and DNA interaction of 5, 10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridiyl)-porphine: Study of the mechanistic aspects. INT J CHEM KINET 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sujatha S, Balasubramanian S, Varghese B. Synthesis, structural, spectral, electrochemical and spin equilibrium studies of hexaaza macrotricyclic complexes. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Biver T, Secco F, Venturini M. Mechanistic aspects of the interaction of intercalating metal complexes with nucleic acids. Coord Chem Rev 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Coordination Features of a Polyaza-Bipyridine-Macrocyclic Ligand toward Co(II) and Cd(II) in Water and Dimethylsulfoxide. J SOLUTION CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-008-9249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bazzicalupi C, Bencini A, Bianchi A, Biver T, Boggioni A, Bonacchi S, Danesi A, Giorgi C, Gratteri P, Ingraín AM, Secco F, Sissi C, Valtancoli B, Venturini M. DNA Binding by a New Metallointercalator that Contains a Proflavine Group Bearing a Hanging Chelating Unit. Chemistry 2007; 14:184-96. [PMID: 17853515 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The new bifunctional molecule 3,6-diamine-9-[6,6-bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,6-diaminohexyl]acridine (D), which is characterised by both an aromatic moiety and a separate metal-complexing polyamine centre, has been synthesised. The characteristics of D and its ZnII complex ([ZnD]) (protonation and metal-complexing constants, optical properties and self-aggregation phenomena) have been analysed by means of NMR spectroscopy, potentiometric, spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric techniques. The equilibria and kinetics of the binding process of D and [ZnD] to calf thymus DNA have been investigated at I=0.11 M (NaCl) and 298.1 K by using spectroscopic methods and the stopped-flow technique. Static measurements show biphasic behaviour for both D-DNA and [ZnD]-DNA systems; this reveals the occurrence of two different binding processes depending on the polymer-to-dye molar ratio (P/D). The binding mode that occurs at low P/D values is interpreted in terms of external binding with a notable contribution from the polyamine residue. The binding mode at high P/D values corresponds to intercalation of the proflavine residue. Stopped-flow, circular dichroism and supercoiled-DNA unwinding experiments corroborate the proposed mechanism. Molecular-modelling studies support the intercalative process and evidence the influence of NH+...O interactions between the protonated acridine nitrogen atom and the oxygen atoms of the polyanion; these interactions play a key role in determining the conformation of DNA adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Bazzicalupi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Verdejo B, Ferrer A, Blasco S, Castillo CE, González J, Latorre J, Máñez MA, Basallote MG, Soriano C, García-España E. Hydrogen and copper ion-induced molecular reorganizations in scorpionand-like ligands. A potentiometric, mechanistic, and solid-state study. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:5707-19. [PMID: 17555313 DOI: 10.1021/ic700643n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two aza scorpionand-like macrocycles (L2 and L3) have been prepared. L2 consists of a tren amine with two of its arms cyclizized with a 2,6-bis(bromomethyl)pyridine. In L3, the remaining pendant arm has been further functionalized with a fluorophoric naphthalene group. X-ray data on the compounds [H(L3)]ClO4.H2O (1) and [H3(L3)](H2PO4)3.H2O (2) as well as solution studies (pH-metry, UV-vis, and fluorescence data) show the movement of the pendant arm as a result of the protonation degree of the macrocycles and of the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. X-ray data on the complexes [Cu(L2)](ClO4)2]2.H2O (3) and [Cu(L3)](ClO4)2 (4) and solution studies on Cu2+ coordination show the implication of the nitrogen of the arm in the binding to the metal ion. Kinetic studies on the decomposition and formation of the Cu2+ complexes provide additional information about the pH-dependent molecular reorganizations. Moreover, the obtained information suggests that the kinetics of the tail on/off process is essentially independent of the lability of the metal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Verdejo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Edificio de Institutos de Paterna, Apdo 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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