1
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Emsley L. Spiers Memorial Lecture: NMR crystallography. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39405130 PMCID: PMC11477664 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00151f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Chemical function is directly related to the spatial arrangement of atoms. Consequently, the determination of atomic-level three-dimensional structures has transformed molecular and materials science over the past 60 years. In this context, solid-state NMR has emerged to become the method of choice for atomic-level characterization of complex materials in powder form. In the following we present an overview of current methods for chemical shift driven NMR crystallography, illustrated with applications to complex materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Juramy M, Besson E, Gastaldi S, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Mollica G, Thureau P. Exploring the crystallisation of aspirin in a confined porous material using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39356059 PMCID: PMC11445803 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is used to investigate the crystallisation behaviour of aspirin within a mesoporous SBA-15 silica material. The potential of dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP) experiments is also investigated using specifically designed porous materials that incorporate polarising agents within their walls. The formation of the metastable crystalline form II is observed when crystallisation occurs within the pores of the mesoporous structure. Conversely, bulk crystallisation yields the most stable form, namely form I, of aspirin. Remarkably, the metastable form II remains trapped within the pores of mesoporous SBA-15 silica material even 30 days after impregnation, underscoring its persistent stability within this confined environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Juramy
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France.
| | - Eric Besson
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France.
| | | | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Centrale Mediterranée, CNRS, Fédération des Sciences Chimiques FR 1739, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Giulia Mollica
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France.
| | - Pierre Thureau
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397 Marseille, France.
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3
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Sadeghi MS, Guo R, Bellucci MA, Quino J, Buckle EL, Nisbet ML, Yang Z, Greenwell C, Gorka DE, Pickard Iv FC, Wood GPF, Sun G, Wen SH, Krzyzaniak JF, Meenan PA, Hancock BC, Yang XH. Tale of Two Polymorphs: Investigating the Structural Differences and Dynamic Relationship between Nirmatrelvir Solid Forms (Paxlovid). Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3800-3814. [PMID: 39051563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Two anhydrous polymorphs of the novel antiviral medicine nirmatrelvir were discovered during the development of Paxlovid, Pfizer's oral Covid-19 treatment. A comprehensive experimental and computational approach was necessary to distinguish the two closely related polymorphs, herein identified as Forms 1 and 4. This approach paired experimental methods, including powder X-ray diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, solid-state experimental methods, thermal analysis, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopy with computational investigations comprising crystal structure prediction, Gibbs free energy calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations of the polymorphic transition. Forms 1 and 4 were ultimately determined to be enantiotropically related polymorphs with Form 1 being the stable form above the transition temperature of ∼17 °C and designated as the nominated form for drug development. The work described in this paper shows the importance of using highly specialized orthogonal approaches to elucidate the subtle differences in structure and properties of similar solid-state forms. This synergistic approach allowed for unprecedented speed in bringing Paxlovid to patients in record time amidst the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Guo
- Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Sandwich CT13 9ND, U.K
| | | | - Jaypee Quino
- Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Erika L Buckle
- Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Zhuocen Yang
- XtalPi Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Guangxu Sun
- XtalPi Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Shu-Hao Wen
- XtalPi Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | | | - Paul A Meenan
- Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Bruno C Hancock
- Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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4
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Stirk AJ, Holmes ST, Souza FES, Hung I, Gan Z, Britten JF, Rey AW, Schurko RW. An unusual ionic cocrystal of ponatinib hydrochloride: characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ultra-high field NMR spectroscopy. CrystEngComm 2024; 26:1219-1233. [PMID: 38419975 PMCID: PMC10897533 DOI: 10.1039/d3ce01062g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the discovery of a unique ionic cocrystal of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) ponatinib hydrochloride (pon·HCl), and characterization using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) and solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy. Pon·HCl is a multicomponent crystal that features an unusual stoichiometry, with an asymmetric unit containing both monocations and dications of the ponatinib molecule, three water molecules, and three chloride ions. Structural features include (i) a charged imidazopyridazine moiety that forms a hydrogen bond between the ponatinib monocations and dications and (ii) a chloride ion that does not feature hydrogen bonds involving any organic moiety, instead being situated in a "square" arrangement with three water molecules. Multinuclear SSNMR, featuring high and ultra-high fields up to 35.2 T, provides the groundwork for structural interpretation of complex multicomponent crystals in the absence of diffraction data. A 13C CP/MAS spectrum confirms the presence of two crystallographically distinct ponatinib molecules, whereas 1D 1H and 2D 1H-1H DQ-SQ spectra identify and assign the unusually deshielded imidazopyridazine proton. 1D 35Cl spectra obtained at multiple fields confirm the presence of three distinct chloride ions, with density functional theory calculations providing key relationships between the SSNMR spectra and H⋯Cl- hydrogen bonding arrangements. A 2D 35Cl → 1H D-RINEPT spectrum confirms the spatial proximities between the chloride ions, water molecules, and amine moieties. This all suggests future application of multinuclear SSNMR at high and ultra-high fields to the study of complex API solid forms for which SCXRD data are unavailable, with potential application to heterogeneous mixtures or amorphous solid dispersions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean T Holmes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | | | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - James F Britten
- MAX Diffraction Facility, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Allan W Rey
- Apotex Pharmachem Inc. Brantford ON N3T 6B8 Canada
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
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5
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Cousin SF, Hughes CE, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Mollica G, Harris KDM, Pinon AC, Thureau P. Exploiting solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy to establish the spatial distribution of polymorphic phases in a solid material. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10121-10128. [PMID: 37772100 PMCID: PMC10530703 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02063k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-state DNP NMR can enhance the ability to detect minor amounts of solid phases within heterogenous materials. Here we demonstrate that NMR contrast based on the transport of DNP-enhanced polarization can be exploited in the challenging case of early detection of a small amount of a minor polymorphic phase within a major polymorph, and we show that this approach can yield quantitative information on the spatial distribution of the two polymorphs. We focus on the detection of a minor amount (<4%) of polymorph III of m-aminobenzoic acid within a powder sample of polymorph I at natural isotopic abundance. Based on proposed models of the spatial distribution of the two polymorphs, simulations of 1H spin diffusion allow NMR data to be calculated for each model as a function of particle size and the relative amounts of the polymorphs. A comparison between simulated and experimental NMR data allows the model(s) best representing the spatial distribution of the polymorphs in the system to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK,
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM Marseille France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR Marseille France
- Institut Universitaire de France Paris France
| | | | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK,
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Swedish NMR Center, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg SE-405 30 Sweden
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6
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Rehman Z, Franks WT, Nguyen B, Schmidt HF, Scrivens G, Brown SP. Discovering the Solid-State Secrets of Lorlatinib by NMR Crystallography: To Hydrogen Bond or not to Hydrogen Bond. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1915-1928. [PMID: 36868358 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Lorlatinib is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) used in the treatment of lung cancer. Here, an NMR crystallography analysis is presented whereby the single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure (CSD: 2205098) determination is complemented by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 14/15N, 19F) magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR and gauge-including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) calculation of NMR chemical shifts. Lorlatinib crystallises in the P21 space group, with two distinct molecules in the asymmetric unit cell, Z' = 2. Three of the four NH2 hydrogen atoms form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, N30-H…N15 between the two distinct molecules and N30-H…O2 between two equivalent molecules. This is reflected in one of the NH21H chemical shifts being significantly lower, 4.0 ppm compared to 7.0 ppm. Two-dimensional 1H-13C, 14N-1H and 1H (double-quantum, DQ)-1H (single-quantum, SQ) MAS NMR spectra are presented. The 1H resonances are assigned and specific HH proximities corresponding to the observed DQ peaks are identified. The resolution enhancement at a 1H Larmor frequency of 1 GHz as compared to 500 or 600 MHz is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Rehman
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - W Trent Franks
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | | | | | - Steven P Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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7
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Yokoo H, Tanaka S, Yamamoto E, Tsuji G, Demizu Y, Uchiyama N. Advanced Solid-State NMR Analysis of Two Crystal Forms of Ranitidine Hydrochloride: Detection of 1H- 14N Intra-/Intermolecular Correlations. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:58-63. [PMID: 36288936 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the characteristics of crystal polymorphism of active pharmaceutical ingredients and analyzing them with high sensitivity is important for quality of drug products, appropriate characterization strategies, and appropriate screening and selection processes. However, there are few methods to measure intra- and intermolecular correlations in crystals other than X-ray crystallography, for which it is sometimes difficult to obtain suitable single crystals. Recently, solid-state NMR has been recognized as a straightforward method for measuring molecular correlations. In this study, we selected ranitidine hydrochloride, which is known to exist in two forms, 1 and 2, as the model drug and investigated each form using solid-state NMR. In conducting the analysis, rotating the sample tube, which had a 1-mm inner diameter, increased the solid-state NMR resolution at 70 kHz. The 1H-14N dipolar-based heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (D-HMQC) analysis revealed the intermolecular correlation of Form 1 between the N atom of the nitro group and a proton of the furan moiety, which were closer than those of the intramolecular correlation reported using single X-ray crystal analysis. Thus, 1H-14N D-HMQC analysis could be useful for characterizing intermolecular interaction in ranitidine hydrochloride crystals. In addition, we reassigned the 13C solid-state NMR signals of ranitidine hydrochloride according to the liquid-state and multiple solid-state NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Yokoo
- National Institute of Health Sciences.,Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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8
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Nugrahani I, Susanti E, Adawiyah T, Santosa S, Laksana AN. Non-Covalent Reactions Supporting Antiviral Development. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249051. [PMID: 36558183 PMCID: PMC9783875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are the current big enemy of the world's healthcare systems. As the small infector causes various deadly diseases, from influenza and HIV to COVID-19, the virus continues to evolve from one type to its mutants. Therefore, the development of antivirals demands tremendous attention and resources for drug researchers around the world. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) development includes discovering new drug compounds and developing existing ones. However, to innovate a new antiviral takes a very long time to test its safety and effectiveness, from structure modeling to synthesis, and then requires various stages of clinical trials. Meanwhile, developing the existing API can be more efficient because it reduces many development stages. One approach in this effort is to modify the solid structures to improve their physicochemical properties and enhance their activity. This review discusses antiviral multicomponent systems under the research phase and has been marketed. The discussion includes the types of antivirals, their counterpart compound, screening, manufacturing methods, multicomponent systems yielded, characterization methods, physicochemical properties, and their effects on their pharmacological activities. It is hoped that the opportunities and challenges of solid antiviral drug modifications can be drawn in this review as important information for further antiviral development.
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9
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van Beek CB, Killian L, Lutz M, Weingarth M, Asundi AS, Sarangi R, Klein Gebbink RJM, Broere DLJ. E-selective Semi-hydrogenation of Alkynes under Mild Conditions by a Diruthenium Hydride Complex. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202527. [PMID: 35979748 PMCID: PMC10092327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of a new class of diruthenium hydrido carbonyl complexes bound to the tBu PNNP expanded pincer ligand is described. Reacting tBu PNNP with two equiv of RuHCl(PPh3 )3 (CO) at 140 °C produces an insoluble air-stable complex, which was structurally characterized as [Ru2 (tBu PNNP)H(μ-H)Cl(μ-Cl)(CO)2 ] (1) using solid-state NMR, IR and X-ray absorption spectroscopies and follow-up reactivity. A reaction with KOtBu results in deprotonation of a methylene linker to produce [Ru2 (tBu PNNP* )H(μ-H)(μ-OtBu)(CO)2 ] (3) featuring a partially dearomatized naphthyridine core. This enables metal-ligand cooperative activation of H2 analogous to the mononuclear analogue, [Ru(tBu PNP*)H(CO)]. In contrast to the mononuclear system, the bimetallic analogue 3 catalyzes the E-selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes at ambient temperature and atmospheric H2 pressure with good functional group tolerance. Monitoring the semi-hydrogenation of diphenylacetylene by 1 H NMR spectroscopy shows the intermediacy of Z-stilbene, which is subsequently isomerized to the E-isomer. Initial findings into the mode of action of this system are provided, including the spectroscopic characterization of a polyhydride intermediate and the isolation of a deactivated species with a partially hydrogenated naphthyridine backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody B. van Beek
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Lars Killian
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural BiochemistryBijvoet Centre for Biomolecular ResearchFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Markus Weingarth
- NMR SpectroscopyBijvoet Centre for Biomolecular ResearchDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Arun S. Asundi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LightsourceSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryStanford University94025Menlo ParkCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ritimukta Sarangi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LightsourceSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryStanford University94025Menlo ParkCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Daniël L. J. Broere
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
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10
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Pawlak T, Paluch P, Dolot R, Bujacz G, Potrzebowski MJ. New salts of teriflunomide (TFM) - Single crystal X-ray and solid state NMR investigation. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 122:101820. [PMID: 36067621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
New salts of teriflunomide TFM (drug approved for Multiple Sclerosis treatment) with inorganic counterions: lithium (TFM_Li), sodium (TFM_Na), potassium (TFM_K), rubidium (TFM_Rb), caesium (TFM_Cs) and ammonium (TFM_NH4) were prepared and investigated employing solid state NMR Spectroscopy, Powder X-ray Diffraction PXRD and Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction (SC XRD). Crystal and molecular structures of three salts: TFM_Na (CCDC: 2173257), TFM_Cs (CCDC: 2165288) and TFM_NH4 (CCDC: 2165281) were determined and deposited. Compared to the native TFM, for all crystalline salt structures, a conformational change of the teriflunomide molecule involving about 180-degree rotation of the end group, forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond N-H⋯O is observed. By applying a complementary multi-technique approach, employing 1D and 2D solid state MAS NMR techniques, single and powder X-ray diffraction measurements, as well as the DFT-based GIPAW calculations of NMR chemical shifts for TFM_Na and TFM_Cs allowed to propose structural features of TFM_Li for which it was not possible to obtain adequate material for single crystal X-Ray measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pawlak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Paluch
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Dolot
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bujacz
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek J Potrzebowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
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11
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Szell PMJ, Nilsson Lill SO, Blade H, Brown SP, Hughes LP. A toolbox for improving the workflow of NMR crystallography. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2021; 116:101761. [PMID: 34736104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2021.101761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
NMR crystallography is a powerful tool with applications in structural characterization and crystal structure verification, to name two. However, applying this tool presents several challenges, especially for industrial users, in terms of consistency, workflow, time consumption, and the requirement for a high level of understanding of experimental solid-state NMR and GIPAW-DFT calculations. Here, we have developed a series of fully parameterized scripts for use in Materials Studio and TopSpin, based on the .magres file format, with a focus on organic molecules (e.g. pharmaceuticals), improving efficiency, robustness, and workflow. We separate these tools into three major categories: performing the DFT calculations, extracting & visualizing the results, and crystallographic modelling. These scripts will rapidly submit fully parameterized CASTEP jobs, extract data from the calculations, assist in visualizing the results, and expedite the process of structural modelling. Accompanied with these tools is a description on their functionality, documentation on how to get started and use the scripts, and links to video tutorials for guiding new users. Through the use of these tools, we hope to facilitate NMR crystallography and to harmonize the process across users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sten O Nilsson Lill
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helen Blade
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Steven P Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Leslie P Hughes
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK.
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12
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Nugrahani I. Sustainable Pharmaceutical Preparation Methods and Solid-state Analysis Supporting Green Pharmacy. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200711150729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Every "entity" or compound has physical and chemical properties as references for the synthesis
and determination of the entity's structure. Thermodynamically, solid-state is the most stable
matter in the universe and to be the ideal form in structure elucidation of pharmaceutical. The dry
treatments, such as mechanochemistry, microwave heating, and the using of deep eutectic agent are
becoming popular. These techniques are viewed as futuristic methods for reducing environmental damage,
in line with "green pharmacy" concept. On the other hand, solid-state analysis methods from the
simplest to the most sophisticated one have been used in the long decades, but most are for qualitative
purposes. Recently many reports have proven that solid-state analysis instruments are reliable and prospective
for implementing in the quantitative measurement. Infrared spectroscopy, powder x-ray diffraction,
and differential scanning calorimetry have been employed in various kinetics and content determination
studies. A revolutionary method developed for structural elucidation is single-crystal diffraction,
which is capable of rapidly and accurately determining a three-dimensional chemical structure.
Hereby it is shown that the accurate, precise, economic, ease, rapid-speed, and reliability of solidstate
analysis methods are eco-benefits by reducing the reagent, catalyst, and organic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilma Nugrahani
- Pharmacochemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
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13
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Pawlak T, Sudgen I, Bujacz G, Iuga D, Brown SP, Potrzebowski MJ. Synergy of Solid-State NMR, Single-Crystal X-ray Diffraction, and Crystal Structure Prediction Methods: A Case Study of Teriflunomide (TFM). CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:3328-3343. [PMID: 34267599 PMCID: PMC8273857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, for the first time, we present the X-ray diffraction crystal structure and spectral properties of a new, room-temperature polymorph of teriflunomide (TFM), CSD code 1969989. As revealed by DSC, the low-temperature TFM polymorph recently reported by Gunnam et al. undergoes a reversible thermal transition at -40 °C. This reversible process is related to a change in Z' value, from 2 to 1, as observed by variable-temperature 1H-13C cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR, while the crystallographic system is preserved (triclinic). Two-dimensional 13C-1H and 1H-1H double-quantum MAS NMR spectra are consistent with the new room-temperature structure, including comparison with GIPAW (gauge-including projector augmented waves) calculated NMR chemical shifts. A crystal structure prediction procedure found both experimental teriflunomide polymorphs in the energetic global minimum region. Differences between the polymorphs are seen for the torsional angle describing the orientation of the phenyl ring relative to the planarity of the TFM molecule. In the low-temperature structure, there are two torsion angles of 4.5 and 31.9° for the two Z' = 2 molecules, while in the room-temperature structure, there is disorder that is modeled with ∼50% occupancy between torsion angles of -7.8 and 28.6°. These observations are consistent with a broad energy minimum as revealed by DFT calculations. PISEMA solid-state NMR experiments show a reduction in the C-H dipolar coupling in comparison to the static limit for the aromatic CH moieties of 75% and 51% at 20 and 40 °C, respectively, that is indicative of ring flips at the higher temperature. Our study shows the power of combining experiments, namely DSC, X-ray diffraction, and MAS NMR, with DFT calculations and CSP to probe and understand the solid-state landscape, and in particular the role of dynamics, for pharmaceutical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pawlak
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Isaac Sudgen
- Molecular
Systems Engineering Group, Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial
College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Grzegorz Bujacz
- Institute
of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Brown
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Marek J. Potrzebowski
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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14
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15
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Unzueta PA, Greenwell CS, Beran GJO. Predicting Density Functional Theory-Quality Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Chemical Shifts via Δ-Machine Learning. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:826-840. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. Unzueta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chandler S. Greenwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Gregory J. O. Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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16
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Jiang Q, Hirsh DA, Tu Y, Luo L. Multicomponent crystals of an artemisinin derivative and cinchona alkaloids for use as antimalarial drugs. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00974e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent crystals of an artemisinin derivative and cinchona alkaloids were produced, combining two major types of antimalaria drugs with unique hydrogen bond interactions. These salts demonstrate a new category of antimalarial pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - David A. Hirsh
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Yifan Tu
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Laibin Luo
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
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17
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Rouillon J, Blahut J, Jean M, Albalat M, Vanthuyne N, Lesage A, Ali LMA, Hadj-Kaddour K, Onofre M, Gary-Bobo M, Micouin G, Banyasz A, Le Bahers T, Andraud C, Monnereau C. Two-Photon Absorbing AIEgens: Influence of Stereoconfiguration on Their Crystallinity and Spectroscopic Properties and Applications in Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55157-55168. [PMID: 33217234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims at designing chromophores with efficient aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties for two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM), which is one of the best-suited types of microscopy for the imaging of living organisms or thick biological tissues. Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivatives are common building blocks in the design of chromophores with efficient AIE properties. Therefore, in this study, extended TPE AIEgens specifically optimized for two-photon absorption (2PA) are synthesized and the resulting (E/Z) isomers are separated using chromatography on chiral supports. Comparative characterization of the AIE properties is performed on the pure (Z) and (E) isomers and the mixture, allowing us, in combination with powder X-ray diffraction and solid-state NMR, to document a profound impact of crystallinity on solid-state fluorescence properties. In particular, we show that stereopure AIEgens form aggregates of superior crystallinity, which in turn exhibit a higher fluorescence quantum yield compared to diastereoisomers mixtures. Preparation of stereopure organic nanoparticles affords very bright fluorescent contrast agents, which are then used for cellular and intravital two-photon microscopy on human breast cancer cells and on zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Rouillon
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Jan Blahut
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, High-Field NMR Center of Lyon, FRE 2034, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Muriel Albalat
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, High-Field NMR Center of Lyon, FRE 2034, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lamiaa M A Ali
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Mélanie Onofre
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Guillaume Micouin
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Akos Banyasz
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Tangui Le Bahers
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Cyrille Monnereau
- Univ. Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
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18
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Hong YL, Manjunatha Reddy GN, Nishiyama Y. Selective detection of active pharmaceutical ingredients in tablet formulations using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 106:101651. [PMID: 32058901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atomic-level characterization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is crucial in pharmaceutical industry because APIs play an important role in physicochemical properties of drug formulations. However, the analysis of targeted APIs in intact tablet formulations is less straightforward due to the coexistence of excipients as major components and different APIs at dilute concentrations (often below 10 wt% loading). Although solid-state (ss) NMR spectroscopy is widely used to investigate short-range order, polymorphism, and pseudo-polymorphism in neat pharmaceutical compounds, the analysis of complex drug formulations is often limited by overlapped signals that originate from structurally different APIs and excipients. In particular, such examples are frequently encountered in the analysis of 1H ssNMR spectra of pharmaceutical formulations. While the high-resolution in 1H ssNMR spectra can be attained by, for example, high magnetic fields accompanied by fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) approaches, the spectral complexity associated with the mixtures of compounds hinders the accurate determination of chemical shifts and through-space proximities. Here we propose a fast MAS (70 kHz) NMR experiment for the selective detection of 1H signals associated with an API from a severely overlapped NMR spectrum of a tablet formulation. Spectral simplification is achieved by combining (i) symmetry-based dipolar recoupling (SR412) rotational-echo saturation-pulse double-resonance (RESPDOR) with phase-modulate (PM) saturation pulses, (ii) radio frequency-driven recoupling (RFDR), and (iii) double-quantum excitation using Back-to-Back (BaBa) pulse sequence elements. First, 1H sites in close proximities to 14N nuclei of an API are excited using a PM-S-RESPDOR sequence, and simultaneously, the other unwanted 1H signals of excipients are suppressed. Then, 1H magnetization transfer to adjacent 1H sites in the API is achieved by spin diffusion process using a RFDR sequence, which polarizes to 1H sites within the crystalline API regions of the drug formulation. Next, a PM-S-RESPDOR-RFDR sequence is combined with a Back-to-Back (BaBa) sequence to elucidate local-structures and 1H-1H proximities of the API in a dosage form. The PM-S-RESPDOR-RFDR-BaBa experiment is employed in one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) versions to selectively detect the 1H ssNMR spectrum of l-cysteine (10.6 wt% or 0.11 mg) in a commercial formulation, and compared with the spectra of neat l-cysteine recorded using a standard BaBa experiment. The 2D 1H double-quantum-single-quantum (DQ-SQ) spectrum of the API (l-cysteine)-detected pharmaceutical tablet is in good agreement with the 2D 1H DQ-SQ spectrum obtained from the pure API molecule. Furthermore, the sensitivity and robustness of the experiment is examined by selectively detecting 1H{14N} signals in an amino acid salt, l-histidine.H2O.HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lee Hong
- Nanocrystallography Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, and AIST-Kyoto University Chemical Energy Materials Open Innovation Laboratory (ChEM-OIL), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- Nanocrystallography Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; NMR Division, SPring-8 Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; JEOL RESONANCE Inc., Akishima, Tokyo, 196-8558, Japan.
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19
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Sarkar S, Song Z, Griffin SR, Takanti N, Vogt AD, Ruggles A, Danzer GD, Simpson GJ. In Situ Crystal Growth Rate Distributions of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Mol Pharm 2019; 17:769-776. [PMID: 31769985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreya Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhengtian Song
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Scott R. Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nita Takanti
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Andrew D. Vogt
- AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Alexander Ruggles
- AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Gerald D. Danzer
- AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Garth J. Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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20
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Hofstetter A, Balodis M, Paruzzo FM, Widdifield CM, Stevanato G, Pinon AC, Bygrave PJ, Day GM, Emsley L. Rapid Structure Determination of Molecular Solids Using Chemical Shifts Directed by Unambiguous Prior Constraints. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16624-16634. [PMID: 31117663 PMCID: PMC7540916 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
NMR-based crystallography approaches involving the combination of crystal structure prediction methods, ab initio calculated chemical shifts and solid-state NMR experiments are powerful methods for crystal structure determination of microcrystalline powders. However, currently structural information obtained from solid-state NMR is usually included only after a set of candidate crystal structures has already been independently generated, starting from a set of single-molecule conformations. Here, we show with the case of ampicillin that this can lead to failure of structure determination. We propose a crystal structure determination method that includes experimental constraints during conformer selection. In order to overcome the problem that experimental measurements on the crystalline samples are not obviously translatable to restrict the single-molecule conformational space, we propose constraints based on the analysis of absent cross-peaks in solid-state NMR correlation experiments. We show that these absences provide unambiguous structural constraints on both the crystal structure and the gas-phase conformations, and therefore can be used for unambiguous selection. The approach is parametrized on the crystal structure determination of flutamide, flufenamic acid, and cocaine, where we reduce the computational cost by around 50%. Most importantly, the method is then shown to correctly determine the crystal structure of ampicillin, which would have failed using current methods because it adopts a high-energy conformer in its crystal structure. The average positional RMSE on the NMR powder structure is ⟨rav⟩ = 0.176 Å, which corresponds to an average equivalent displacement parameter Ueq = 0.0103 Å2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Hofstetter
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Martins Balodis
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Federico M Paruzzo
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Cory M Widdifield
- Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Science Center , Oakland University , 146 Library Drive , Rochester , Michigan 48309-4479 , United States
| | - Gabriele Stevanato
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Peter J Bygrave
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton SO17 1BJ , United Kingdom
| | - Graeme M Day
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton SO17 1BJ , United Kingdom
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
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21
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Venâncio T, Oliveira LM, Pawlak T, Ellena J, Boechat N, Brown SP. The use of variable temperature 13 C solid-state MAS NMR and GIPAW DFT calculations to explore the dynamics of diethylcarbamazine citrate. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2019; 57:200-210. [PMID: 30114322 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Experimental 13 C solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as well as Density-Functional Theory (DFT) gauge-including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) calculations were used to probe disorder and local mobility in diethylcarbamazine citrate, (DEC)+ (citrate)- . This compound has been used as the first option drug for the treatment of filariasis, a disease endemic in tropical countries and caused by adult worms of Wuchereria bancrofti, which is transmitted by mosquitoes. We firstly present 2D 13 C─1 H dipolar-coupling-mediated heteronuclear correlation spectra recorded at moderate spinning frequency, to explore the intermolecular interaction between DEC and citrate molecules. Secondly, we investigate the dynamic behavior of (DEC)+ (citrate)- by varying the temperature and correlating the experimental MAS NMR results with DFT GIPAW calculations that consider two (DEC)+ conformers (in a 70:30 ratio) for crystal structures determined at 293 and 235 K. Solid-state NMR provides insights on slow exchange dynamics revealing conformational changes involving particularly the DEC ethyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Venâncio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Tomasz Pawlak
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Łodz, Poland
| | - Javier Ellena
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nubia Boechat
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FioCruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-FarManguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Steven P Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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22
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Hughes CE, Williams PA, Kariuki BM, Harris KDM. Establishing the Transitory Existence of Amorphous Phases in Crystallization Pathways by the CLASSIC NMR Technique. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:3341-3345. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colan E. Hughes
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT U.K
| | - P. Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT U.K
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT U.K
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23
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Hirsh DA, Su Y, Nie H, Xu W, Stueber D, Variankaval N, Schurko RW. Quantifying Disproportionation in Pharmaceutical Formulations with 35Cl Solid-State NMR. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4038-4048. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hirsh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yongchao Su
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Haichen Nie
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wei Xu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dirk Stueber
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Narayan Variankaval
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
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24
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Li X, Curtis FS, Rose T, Schober C, Vazquez-Mayagoitia A, Reuter K, Oberhofer H, Marom N. Genarris: Random generation of molecular crystal structures and fast screening with a Harris approximation. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:241701. [PMID: 29960303 DOI: 10.1063/1.5014038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We present Genarris, a Python package that performs configuration space screening for molecular crystals of rigid molecules by random sampling with physical constraints. For fast energy evaluations, Genarris employs a Harris approximation, whereby the total density of a molecular crystal is constructed via superposition of single molecule densities. Dispersion-inclusive density functional theory is then used for the Harris density without performing a self-consistency cycle. Genarris uses machine learning for clustering, based on a relative coordinate descriptor developed specifically for molecular crystals, which is shown to be robust in identifying packing motif similarity. In addition to random structure generation, Genarris offers three workflows based on different sequences of successive clustering and selection steps: the "Rigorous" workflow is an exhaustive exploration of the potential energy landscape, the "Energy" workflow produces a set of low energy structures, and the "Diverse" workflow produces a maximally diverse set of structures. The latter is recommended for generating initial populations for genetic algorithms. Here, the implementation of Genarris is reported and its application is demonstrated for three test cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayue Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Farren S Curtis
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy Rose
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Christoph Schober
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universiät München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universiät München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Harald Oberhofer
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universiät München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Noa Marom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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25
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Zhao L, Pinon AC, Emsley L, Rossini AJ. DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy of active pharmaceutical ingredients. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:583-609. [PMID: 29193278 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for the characterization of both pure and formulated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, NMR generally suffers from poor sensitivity that often restricts NMR experiments to nuclei with favorable properties, concentrated samples, and acquisition of one-dimensional (1D) NMR spectra. Here, we review how dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can be applied to routinely enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments by one to two orders of magnitude for both pure and formulated APIs. Sample preparation protocols for relayed DNP experiments and experiments on directly doped APIs are detailed. Numerical spin diffusion models illustrate the dependence of relayed DNP enhancements on the relaxation properties and particle size of the solids and can be used for particle size determination when the other factors are known. We then describe the advanced solid-state NMR experiments that have been enabled by DNP and how they provide unique insight into the molecular and macroscopic structure of APIs. For example, with large sensitivity gains provided by DNP, natural isotopic abundance, 13 C-13 C double-quantum single-quantum homonuclear correlation NMR spectra of pure APIs can be routinely acquired. DNP also enables solid-state NMR experiments with unreceptive quadrupolar nuclei such as 2 H, 14 N, and 35 Cl that are commonly found in APIs. Applications of DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy for the molecular level characterization of low API load formulations such as commercial tablets and amorphous solid dispersions are described. Future perspectives for DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR experiments on APIs are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
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26
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Smith CJ, Griffin SR, Eakins GS, Deng F, White JK, Thirunahari S, Ramakrishnan S, Sangupta A, Zhang S, Novak J, Liu Z, Rhodes T, Simpson GJ. Triboluminescence from Pharmaceutical Formulations. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6893-6898. [PMID: 29694029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Triboluminescence (TL) is shown to enable selective detection of trace crystallinity within nominally amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). ASDs are increasingly used for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations, the physical stability of which can be negatively impacted by trace crystallinity introduced during manufacturing or storage. In the present study, TL measurements of a model ASD consisting of griseofulvin in polyethylene glycol produced limits of detection of 140 ppm. Separate studies of the particle size dependence of sucrose crystals and the dependence on polymorphism in clopidogrel bisulfate particles are both consistent with a mechanism for TL closely linked to the piezoelectric response of the crystalline fraction. Whereas disordered polymeric materials cannot support piezoelectric activity, molecular crystals produced from homochiral molecules adopt crystal structures that are overwhelmingly symmetry-allowed for piezoelectricity. Consequently, TL may provide a broadly applicable and simple experimental route for sensitive detection of trace crystallinity within nominally amorphous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey J Smith
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette Indiana 47906 , United States
| | - Scott R Griffin
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette Indiana 47906 , United States
| | - Gregory S Eakins
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette Indiana 47906 , United States
| | - Fengyuan Deng
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette Indiana 47906 , United States
| | - Julia K White
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette Indiana 47906 , United States
| | | | - Srividya Ramakrishnan
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratory , IPDO , Bachupally Campus, Hyderabad , Telengana , 500090 , India
| | - Atanu Sangupta
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratory , IPDO , Bachupally Campus, Hyderabad , Telengana , 500090 , India
| | - Siwei Zhang
- MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , New Jersey 07033 , United States
| | - Julie Novak
- MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , New Jersey 07033 , United States
| | - Zhen Liu
- MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , New Jersey 07033 , United States
| | - Timothy Rhodes
- MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , New Jersey 07033 , United States
| | - Garth J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette Indiana 47906 , United States
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27
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Pote AR, Vannam R, Richard A, Gascón J, Peczuh MW. Formation of and Glycosylation with Per‐
O
‐Acetyl Septanosyl Halides: Rationalizing Complex Reactivity En Route to
p
‐Nitrophenyl Septanosides. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya R. Pote
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 N. Eagleville Road, U3060 06269‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Raghu Vannam
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 N. Eagleville Road, U3060 06269‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Alissa Richard
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 N. Eagleville Road, U3060 06269‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - José Gascón
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 N. Eagleville Road, U3060 06269‐3060 Storrs CT USA
| | - Mark W. Peczuh
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 N. Eagleville Road, U3060 06269‐3060 Storrs CT USA
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Racemic crystals of trolox derivatives compared to their chiral counterparts: Structural studies using solid-state NMR, DFT calculations and X-ray diffraction. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Widdifield CM, Nilsson Lill SO, Broo A, Lindkvist M, Pettersen A, Svensk Ankarberg A, Aldred P, Schantz S, Emsley L. Does Z' equal 1 or 2? Enhanced powder NMR crystallography verification of a disordered room temperature crystal structure of a p38 inhibitor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [PMID: 28621371 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the Form A polymorph of N-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[3-[[1-[2-[2-(methylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]cyclopropyl]amino]-2-oxo-pyrazin-1-yl]benzamide (i.e., AZD7624), determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (scXRD) at 100 K, contains two molecules in the asymmetric unit (Z' = 2) and has regions of local static disorder. This substance has been in phase IIa drug development trials for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a disease which affects over 300 million people and contributes to nearly 3 million deaths annually. While attempting to verify the crystal structure using nuclear magnetic resonance crystallography (NMRX), we measured 13C solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectra at 295 K that appeared consistent with Z' = 1 rather than Z' = 2. To understand this surprising observation, we used multinuclear SSNMR (1H, 13C, 15N), gauge-including projector augmented-wave density functional theory (GIPAW DFT) calculations, crystal structure prediction (CSP), and powder XRD (pXRD) to determine the room temperature crystal structure. Due to the large size of AZD7624 (ca. 500 amu, 54 distinct 13C environments for Z' = 2), static disorder at 100 K, and (as we show) dynamic disorder at ambient temperatures, NMR spectral assignment was a challenge. We introduce a method to enhance confidence in NMR assignments by comparing experimental 13C isotropic chemical shifts against site-specific DFT-calculated shift distributions established using CSP-generated crystal structures. The assignment and room temperature NMRX structure determination process also included measurements of 13C shift tensors and the observation of residual dipolar coupling between 13C and 14N. CSP generated ca. 90 reasonable candidate structures (Z' = 1 and Z' = 2), which when coupled with GIPAW DFT results, room temperature pXRD, and the assigned SSNMR data, establish Z' = 2 at room temperature. We find that the polymorphic Form A of AZD7624 is maintained at room temperature, although dynamic disorder is present on the NMR timescale. Of the CSP-generated structures, 2 are found to be fully consistent with the SSNMR and pXRD data; within this pair, they are found to be structurally very similar (RMSD16 = 0.30 Å). We establish that the CSP structure in best agreement with the NMR data possesses the highest degree of structural similarity with the scXRD-determined structure (RMSD16 = 0.17 Å), and has the lowest DFT-calculated energy amongst all CSP-generated structures with Z' = 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Widdifield
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS de Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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30
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Hanrahan MP, Venkatesh A, Carnahan SL, Calahan JL, Lubach JW, Munson EJ, Rossini AJ. Enhancing the resolution of 1H and 13C solid-state NMR spectra by reduction of anisotropic bulk magnetic susceptibility broadening. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:28153-28162. [PMID: 29022618 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04223j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that natural isotopic abundance 2D heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) solid-state NMR spectra can be used to significantly reduce or eliminate the broadening of 1H and 13C solid-state NMR spectra of organic solids due to anisotropic bulk magnetic susceptibility (ABMS). ABMS often manifests in solids with aromatic groups, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and inhomogeneously broadens the NMR peaks of all nuclei in the sample. Inhomogeneous peaks with full widths at half maximum (FWHM) of ∼1 ppm typically result from ABMS broadening and the low spectral resolution impedes the analysis of solid-state NMR spectra. ABMS broadening of solid-state NMR spectra has previously been eliminated using 2D multiple-quantum correlation experiments, or by performing NMR experiments on diluted materials or single crystals. However, these experiments are often infeasible due to their poor sensitivity and/or provide limited gains in resolution. 2D 1H-13C HETCOR experiments have previously been applied to reduce susceptibility broadening in paramagnetic solids and we show that this strategy can significantly reduce ABMS broadening in diamagnetic organic solids. Comparisons of 1D solid-state NMR spectra and 1H and 13C solid-state NMR spectra obtained from 2D 1H-13C HETCOR NMR spectra show that the HETCOR spectrum directly increases resolution by a factor of 1.5 to 8. The direct gain in resolution is determined by the ratio of the inhomogeneous 13C/1H linewidth to the homogeneous 1H linewidth, with the former depending on the magnitude of the ABMS broadening and the strength of the applied field and the latter on the efficiency of homonuclear decoupling. The direct gains in resolution obtained using the 2D HETCOR experiments are better than that obtained by dilution. For solids with long proton longitudinal relaxation times, dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) was applied to enhance sensitivity and enable the acquisition of 2D 1H-13C HETCOR NMR spectra. 2D 1H-13C HETCOR experiments were applied to resolve and partially assign the NMR signals of the form I and form II polymorphs of aspirin in a sample containing both forms. These findings have important implications for ultra-high field NMR experiments, optimization of decoupling schemes and assessment of the fundamental limits on the resolution of solid-state NMR spectra.
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Rotator side chains trigger cooperative transition for shape and function memory effect in organic semiconductors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:278. [PMID: 29348430 PMCID: PMC5773606 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Martensitic transition is a solid-state phase transition involving cooperative movement of atoms, mostly studied in metallurgy. The main characteristics are low transition barrier, ultrafast kinetics, and structural reversibility. They are rarely observed in molecular crystals, and hence the origin and mechanism are largely unexplored. Here we report the discovery of martensitic transition in single crystals of two different organic semiconductors. In situ microscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and molecular simulations combined indicate that the rotating bulky side chains trigger cooperative transition. Cooperativity enables shape memory effect in single crystals and function memory effect in thin film transistors. We establish a molecular design rule to trigger martensitic transition in organic semiconductors, showing promise for designing next-generation smart multifunctional materials. Martensitic transition is commonly seen in steel and shape memory alloys but rarely in organic materials. Chung et al. discover martensitic transitions in organic electronics and utilize it in designing field-effect transistors, leading to shape memory effect that in return modifies charge transport properties.
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32
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Seth SK, Bauzá A, Frontera A. Screening polymorphism in a Ni(ii) metal–organic framework: experimental observations, Hirshfeld surface analyses and DFT studies. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A new polymorphic form of diaquaiminodiacetatonickel(ii) is structurally characterized by a detailed analysis of Hirshfeld surface and further analysed by DFT and QTAIM calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Kumar Seth
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700032
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
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33
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Quiñones R, Iuliucci RJ, Behnke G, Brown R, Shoup D, Riedel TM, Plavchak C, Lininger BE, Spehar JM. Moving towards fast characterization of polymorphic drugs by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 148:163-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Assessing the Detection Limit of a Minority Solid-State Form of a Pharmaceutical by 1H Double-Quantum Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:3372-3377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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35
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Zilka M, Dudenko DV, Hughes CE, Williams PA, Sturniolo S, Franks WT, Pickard CJ, Yates JR, Harris KDM, Brown SP. Ab initio random structure searching of organic molecular solids: assessment and validation against experimental data. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25949-25960. [PMID: 28944393 PMCID: PMC5779078 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the capability of using the DFT-D ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) method to generate crystal structures of organic molecular materials, focusing on a system (m-aminobenzoic acid; m-ABA) that is known from experimental studies to exhibit abundant polymorphism. Within the structural constraints selected for the AIRSS calculations (specifically, centrosymmetric structures with Z = 4 for zwitterionic m-ABA molecules), the method is shown to successfully generate the two known polymorphs of m-ABA (form III and form IV) that have these structural features. We highlight various issues that are encountered in comparing crystal structures generated by AIRSS to experimental powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data and solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR data, demonstrating successful fitting for some of the lowest energy structures from the AIRSS calculations against experimental low-temperature powder XRD data for known polymorphs of m-ABA, and showing that comparison of computed and experimental solid-state NMR parameters allows different hydrogen-bonding motifs to be discriminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Zilka
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Dmytro V Dudenko
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. and School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - P Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Simone Sturniolo
- Scientific Computing Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
| | - W Trent Franks
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Jonathan R Yates
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK.
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Steven P Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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36
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Jalilehvand F, Enriquez Garcia A, Niksirat P. Reactions of Antitumor Active Dirhodium(II) Tetraacetate Rh 2(CH 3COO) 4 with Cysteine and Its Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:6174-6186. [PMID: 31457864 PMCID: PMC6644637 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We have combined results from several spectroscopic techniques to investigate the aerobic reactions of Rh2(AcO)4 (AcO- = CH3COO-) with l-cysteine (H2Cys) and its derivatives d-penicillamine (3,3'-dimethylcysteine, H2Pen), with steric hindrance at the thiol group, and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (H2NAC), with its amino group blocked. Previous investigations have shown that antitumor active dirhodium(II) carboxylates may irreversibly inhibit enzymes containing a thiol group at or near their active sites. Also, cysteine, the only thiol-containing proteinogenic amino acid, interacts in vivo with this class of antitumor compounds, but structural information on the products of such reactions is lacking. In the present study, the reactions of Rh2(AcO)4 and H2L were carried out in aqueous solutions at the pH of mixing (acidic) and at physiological pH, using the different mole ratios 1:2, 1:4, and 1:6, which resulted in the same products in increasing yields. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) indicates formation of dimeric [RhIII 2Pen4]2- or oligomeric {RhIII 2L4} n (L = Cys, NAC) complexes with bridging thiolate groups. Analyses of Rh K edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data reveal 3-4 Rh-S and 2-3 Rh-(N/O) bonds around six-coordinated Rh(III) ions at mean distances of 2.33 ± 0.02 and 2.09 ± 0.02 Å, respectively. In the N-acetyl-l-cysteine compound, the RhIII···RhIII distance 3.10 ± 0.02 Å obtained from the EXAFS spectrum supports trithiolate bridges between the Rh(III) ions, as was also found when using glutathione as ligand. In the cysteine and penicillamine complexes, double thiolate bridges join the Rh(III) ions, with the nonbridging Cys2- and Pen2- ligands in tridentate chelating (S,N,O) mode, which is consistent with the ΔδC = 7.3-8.4 ppm shift of the COO- signal in their carbon-13 cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) NMR spectra. For the penicillamine complex, the 2475.6 eV peak in its S K edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum shows partial oxidation, probably caused by peroxide generated from reduction of dissolved O2, of thiolato to sulfenato (S=O) groups, which were also identified by ESI-MS for all three {RhIII 2L4} n compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Jalilehvand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Alejandra Enriquez Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Pantea Niksirat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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37
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Pindelska E, Sokal A, Kolodziejski W. Pharmaceutical cocrystals, salts and polymorphs: Advanced characterization techniques. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 117:111-146. [PMID: 28931472 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of a novel drug development is to obtain it with optimal physiochemical, pharmaceutical and biological properties. Pharmaceutical companies and scientists modify active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which often are cocrystals, salts or carefully selected polymorphs, to improve the properties of a parent drug. To find the best form of a drug, various advanced characterization methods should be used. In this review, we have described such analytical methods, dedicated to solid drug forms. Thus, diffraction, spectroscopic, thermal and also pharmaceutical characterization methods are discussed. They all are necessary to study a solid API in its intrinsic complexity from bulk down to the molecular level, gain information on its structure, properties, purity and possible transformations, and make the characterization efficient, comprehensive and complete. Furthermore, these methods can be used to monitor and investigate physical processes, involved in the drug development, in situ and in real time. The main aim of this paper is to gather information on the current advancements in the analytical methods and highlight their pharmaceutical relevance.
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38
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Socha O, Hodgkinson P, Widdifield CM, Yates JR, Dračínský M. Exploring Systematic Discrepancies in DFT Calculations of Chlorine Nuclear Quadrupole Couplings. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4103-4113. [PMID: 28475331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed significant discrepancies between density functional theory (DFT)-calculated and experimental nuclear quadrupolar coupling constants (CQ) for chlorine atoms, particularly in ionic solids. Various aspects of the computations are systematically investigated here, including the choice of the DFT functional, basis set convergence, and geometry optimization protocol. The effects of fast (fs) time-scale dynamics are probed using molecular dynamics (MD) and nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) are considered using path-integral MD calculations. It is shown that the functional choice is the most important factor related to improving the accuracy of the quadrupolar coupling calculations, and that functionals beyond the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) level, such as hybrid and meta-GGA functionals, are required for good correlations with experiment. The influence of molecular dynamics and NQEs is less important than the functional choice in the studied systems. A method which involves scaling the calculated quadrupolar coupling constant is proposed here; its application leads to good agreement with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Socha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paul Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University , South Road, DH1 3LE, Durham, U.K
| | - Cory M Widdifield
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University , South Road, DH1 3LE, Durham, U.K
| | - Jonathan R Yates
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
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39
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Pan T, Li S, Zou T, Yu Z, Zhang B, Wang C, Zhang J, He M, Zhao H. Terahertz spectra of l-phenylalanine and its monohydrate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 178:19-23. [PMID: 28157589 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The low-frequency vibrational property of l-phenylalanine (l-Phe) and l-phenylalanine monohydrate (l-Phe·H2O) has been investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) at room and low temperature ranging from 0.5 to 4.5THz. Distinctive THz absorption spectra of the two compounds were observed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations based on the crystal structures have been performed to simulate the vibrational modes of l-Phe and l-Phe·H2O and the results agree well with the experimental observations. The study indicates that the characterized features of l-Phe mainly originate from the collective vibration of molecules. And the characterized features of l-Phe·H2O mainly come from hydrogen bond interactions between l-Phe and water molecules. l-Phe and l-Phe·H2O were also verified by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry (DSC-TG) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Shaoping Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Tao Zou
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Mingxia He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
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40
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Optimized multi-step NMR-crystallography approach for structural characterization of a stable quercetin solvate. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Mao J, Cao X, Olk DC, Chu W, Schmidt-Rohr K. Advanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy of natural organic matter. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 100:17-51. [PMID: 28552171 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR is essential for the characterization of natural organic matter (NOM) and is gaining importance in geosciences and environmental sciences. This review is intended to highlight advanced solid-state NMR techniques, especially a systematic approach to NOM characterization, and their applications to the study of NOM. We discuss some basics of how to acquire high-quality and quantitative solid-state 13C NMR spectra, and address some common technical mistakes that lead to unreliable spectra of NOM. The identification of specific functional groups in NOM, primarily based on 13C spectral-editing techniques, is described and the theoretical background of some recently-developed spectral-editing techniques is provided. Applications of solid-state NMR to investigating nitrogen (N) in NOM are described, focusing on limitations of the widely used 15N CP/MAS experiment and the potential of improved advanced NMR techniques for characterizing N forms in NOM. Then techniques used for identifying proximities, heterogeneities and domains are reviewed, and some examples provided. In addition, NMR techniques for studying segmental dynamics in NOM are reviewed. We also briefly discuss applications of solid-state NMR to NOM from various sources, including soil organic matter, aquatic organic matter, organic matter in atmospheric particulate matter, carbonaceous meteoritic organic matter, and fossil fuels. Finally, examples of NMR-based structural models and an outlook are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdong Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Blvd., Norfolk, VA 23529, United States.
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, United States.
| | - Dan C Olk
- National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, 1015 N. University Blvd., Ames, IA 50011, United States.
| | - Wenying Chu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Blvd., Norfolk, VA 23529, United States.
| | - Klaus Schmidt-Rohr
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, United States.
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42
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Moran RF, Dawson DM, Ashbrook SE. Exploiting NMR spectroscopy for the study of disorder in solids. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2017.1256604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F. Moran
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and St Andrews Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Daniel M. Dawson
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and St Andrews Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and St Andrews Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
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Abstract
We propose a method to quantify positional uncertainties in crystal structures determined by chemical-shift-based NMR crystallography. The method combines molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations with experimental and computational chemical shift uncertainties. In this manner we find the average positional accuracy as well as the isotropic and anisotropic positional accuracy associated with each atom in a crystal structure determined by NMR crystallography. The approach is demonstrated on the crystal structures of cocaine, flutamide, flufenamic acid, the K salt of penicillin G, and form 4 of the drug 4-[4-(2-adamantylcarbamoyl)-5-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid (AZD8329). We find that, for the crystal structure of cocaine, the uncertainty corresponds to a positional RMSD of 0.17 Å. This is a factor of 2.5 less than for single-crystal X-ray-diffraction-based structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Hofstetter
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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44
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Harris KDM, Hughes CE, Williams PA, Edwards-Gau GR. `NMR Crystallization': in-situ NMR techniques for time-resolved monitoring of crystallization processes. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2017; 73:137-148. [PMID: 28257007 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229616019811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a well-established and versatile technique for studying the structural and dynamic properties of solids, and there is considerable potential to exploit the power and versatility of solid-state NMR for in-situ studies of chemical processes. However, a number of technical challenges are associated with adapting this technique for in-situ studies, depending on the process of interest. Recently, an in-situ solid-state NMR strategy for monitoring the evolution of crystallization processes has been developed and has proven to be a promising approach for identifying the sequence of distinct solid forms present as a function of time during crystallization from solution, and for the discovery of new polymorphs. The latest development of this technique, called `CLASSIC' NMR, allows the simultaneous measurement of both liquid-state and solid-state NMR spectra as a function of time, thus yielding complementary information on the evolution of both the liquid phase and the solid phase during crystallization from solution. This article gives an overview of the range of NMR strategies that are currently available for in-situ studies of crystallization processes, with examples of applications that highlight the potential of these strategies to deepen our understanding of crystallization phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
| | - P Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
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45
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Nonappa, Kolehmainen E. Solid state NMR studies of gels derived from low molecular mass gelators. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:6015-26. [PMID: 27374054 PMCID: PMC5322468 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00969g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since its invention more than six decades ago, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has evolved as an inevitable part of chemical as well as structural analysis of small molecules, polymers, biomaterials and hybrid materials. In the solution state, due to the increased viscosity of complex viscoelastic fluids such as gels, liquid crystals and other soft materials, the rate of molecular tumbling is reduced, which in turn affects the chemical shift anisotropy, dipolar and quadrupolar interactions. As a consequence the solution state NMR spectra show broad lines, and therefore, extracting detailed structural information is a challenging task. In this context, solid state (SS) NMR has the ability to distinguish between a minute amount of polymorphic forms, conformational changes, and the number of non-equivalent molecules in an asymmetric unit of a crystal lattice, and to provide both qualitative as well as quantitative analytical data with a short-range order. Therefore, SS NMR has continued to evolve as an indispensable tool for structural analysis and gave birth to a new field called NMR crystallography. Solid state cross polarization (CP) and high resolution (HR) magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy has been used to study weak interactions in polymer gels. However, the application of SS NMR spectroscopy to study gels derived from low molecular weight gelators has been limited until recently. In this review, we will focus on the importance of solid state NMR spectroscopy in understanding and elucidating the structure of supramolecular gels derived from low molecular weight gelators with selected examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonappa
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Puumiehenkuja 2, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland.
| | - E Kolehmainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FI-41004, Finland.
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46
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Leclaire J, Poisson G, Ziarelli F, Pepe G, Fotiadu F, Paruzzo FM, Rossini AJ, Dumez JN, Elena-Herrmann B, Emsley L. Structure elucidation of a complex CO 2-based organic framework material by NMR crystallography. Chem Sci 2016; 7:4379-4390. [PMID: 30155085 PMCID: PMC6014084 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-dimensional structural model of a complex CO2-based organic framework made from high molecular weight, self-assembled, flexible and multi-functional oligomeric constituents has been determined de novo by solid-state NMR including DNP-enhanced experiments. The complete assignment of the 15N, 13C and 1H resonances was obtained from a series of two-dimensional through space and through bond correlation experiments. MM-QM calculations were used to generate different model structures for the material which were then evaluated by comparing multiple experimental and calculated NMR parameters. Both NMR and powder X-ray diffraction were evaluated as tools to determine the packing by crystal modelling, and at the level of structural modelling used here PXRD was found not to be a useful complement. The structure determined reveals a highly optimised H-bonding network that explains the unusual selectivity of the self-assembly process which generates the material. The NMR crystallography approach used here should be applicable for the structure determination of other complex solid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Leclaire
- Univ Lyon , Université Claude Bernard , CNRS, INSA, CPE , ICBMS UMR 5246 , 69622 Villeurbanne , France .
- Aix Marseille Université , Centrale Marseille , CNRS , iSm2 UMR 7313 , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Guillaume Poisson
- Univ Lyon , Université Claude Bernard , CNRS, INSA, CPE , ICBMS UMR 5246 , 69622 Villeurbanne , France .
- Aix Marseille Université , Centrale Marseille , CNRS , iSm2 UMR 7313 , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix-Marseille Université , Fédération des Sciences Chimiques , Spectropôle , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Gerard Pepe
- Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS , UMR 7325 CINaM , 13288 Marseille , France
| | - Frédéric Fotiadu
- Aix Marseille Université , Centrale Marseille , CNRS , iSm2 UMR 7313 , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Federico M Paruzzo
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à très hauts champs , CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCBL , 69100 Villeurbanne , France .
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à très hauts champs , CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCBL , 69100 Villeurbanne , France .
| | - Bénédicte Elena-Herrmann
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , Centre de RMN à très hauts champs , CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCBL , 69100 Villeurbanne , France .
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
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47
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Kaźmierski S, Pawlak T, Jeziorna A, Potrzebowski MJ. Modern solid state NMR techniques and concepts in structural studies of synthetic polymers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kaźmierski
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
| | - T. Pawlak
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
| | - A. Jeziorna
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
| | - M. J. Potrzebowski
- The Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Science; Łódź Poland
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48
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Abraham A, Apperley DC, Byard SJ, Ilott AJ, Robbins AJ, Zorin V, Harris RK, Hodgkinson P. Characterising the role of water in sildenafil citrate by NMR crystallography. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce02234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A combination of solid-state NMR techniques, including 13C/1H correlation, 2H magic-angle spinning NMR and first principles calculation are employed to characterise the role of water in different hydration states of sildenafil citrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuji Abraham
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew J. Ilott
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | | | - Vadim Zorin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Robin K. Harris
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Paul Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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49
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Veinberg SL, Johnston KE, Jaroszewicz MJ, Kispal BM, Mireault CR, Kobayashi T, Pruski M, Schurko RW. Natural abundance 14N and 15N solid-state NMR of pharmaceuticals and their polymorphs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:17713-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
14N and 15N solid-state NMR at natural abundance are used in tandem for the investigation of pharmaceuticals and their polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brianna M. Kispal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
| | | | | | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
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50
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Hirsh DA, Rossini AJ, Emsley L, Schurko RW. 35Cl dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25893-25904. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04353d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we show how to obtain efficient dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced 35Cl solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectra at 9.4 T and demonstrate how they can be used to characterize the molecular-level structure of hydrochloride salts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in both bulk and low wt% API dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hirsh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- US DOE Ames Laboratory
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
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