1
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Qing LS, Wang TT, Luo HY, Du JL, Wang RY, Luo P. Microfluidic strategies for natural products in drug discovery: Current status and future perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Yew M, Ren Y, Koh KS, Sun C, Snape C. A Review of State-of-the-Art Microfluidic Technologies for Environmental Applications: Detection and Remediation. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2019; 3:1800060. [PMID: 31565355 PMCID: PMC6383963 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201800060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems have advanced beyond natural and life science applications and lab-on-a-chip uses. A growing trend of employing microfluidic technologies for environmental detection has emerged thanks to the precision, time-effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of advanced microfluidic systems. This paper reviews state-of-the-art microfluidic technologies for environmental applications, such as on-site environmental monitoring and detection. Microdevices are extensively used in collecting environmental samples as a means to facilitate detection and quantification of targeted components with minimal quantities of samples. Likewise, microfluidic-inspired approaches for separation and treatment of contaminated water and air, such as the removal of heavy metals and waterborne pathogens from wastewater and carbon capture are also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Yew
- Department of MechanicalMaterials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo China199 Taikang East Road315100NingboChina
| | - Yong Ren
- Department of MechanicalMaterials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo China199 Taikang East Road315100NingboChina
| | - Kai Seng Koh
- School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot‐Watt University MalaysiaNo. 1 Jalan Venna P5/2, Precinct 562200PutrajayaMalaysia
| | - Chenggong Sun
- Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamThe Energy Technologies Building, Jubilee CampusNottinghamNG7 2TUUK
| | - Colin Snape
- Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamThe Energy Technologies Building, Jubilee CampusNottinghamNG7 2TUUK
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3
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Peng G, Chen Y, Deng R, He Q, Liu D, Lu Y, Lin JM. Highly sensitive and selective determination of Hg(II) based on microfluidic chip with on-line fluorescent derivatization. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:1-6. [PMID: 29902766 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a convenient, sensitive, rapid and simple method was developed on microfluidic chip which was integrated with on-line complexing and laser-induced fluorescence detection. A rhodamine derivative (RD) was developed as a fluorescent chemosensor for Hg(II). It exhibited high selective recognition toward Hg(II) over other examined metal ions in water samples. Under the optimized conditions, the response was linearly proportional to the concentration of Hg(II) in the range of 0-70 μM with a detection limit of 0.031 μM. Satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility were achieved, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 6.62%. The established method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(II) in environmental water samples (surface water, tap water, and waste water). Recoveries obtained for the determination of Hg(II) in spiking samples ranged from 85% to 103%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Ruoyu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Dun Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Mathematics and Physics, Armed Police College, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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4
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Integration of laminar flow extraction and capillary electrophoretic separation in one microfluidic chip for detection of plant alkaloids in blood samples. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 985:121-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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5
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Turbulence in microfluidics: Cleanroom-free, fast, solventless, and bondless fabrication and application in high throughput liquid-liquid extraction. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 940:73-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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6
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Wang S, Yu N, Wang T, Ge P, Ye S, Xue P, Liu W, Shen H, Zhang J, Yang B. Morphology-Patterned Anisotropic Wetting Surface for Fluid Control and Gas-Liquid Separation in Microfluidics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:13094-13103. [PMID: 27128986 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article shows morphology-patterned stripes as a new platform for directing flow guidance of the fluid in microfluidic devices. Anisotropic (even unidirectional) spreading behavior due to anisotropic wetting of the underlying surface is observed after integrating morphology-patterned stripes with a Y-shaped microchannel. The anisotropic wetting flow of the fluid is influenced by the applied pressure, dimensions of the patterns, including the period and depth of the structure, and size of the channels. Fluids with different surface tensions show different flowing anisotropy in our microdevice. Moreover, the morphology-patterned surfaces could be used as a microvalve, and gas-water separation in the microchannel was realized using the unidirectional flow of water. Therefore, benefiting from their good performance and simple fabrication process, morphology-patterned surfaces are good candidates to be applied in controlling the fluid behavior in microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Nianzuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- Research Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110004, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shunsheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Peihong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wendong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Huaizhong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Junhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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7
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Hibara A, Fukuyama M, Chung M, Priest C, Proskurnin MA. Interfacial Phenomena and Fluid Control in Micro/Nanofluidics. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:11-21. [PMID: 26753700 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental aspects of rapidly advancing micro/nanofluidic devices are reviewed from the perspective of liquid interface chemistry and physics, including the influence of capillary pressure in microfluidic two-phase flows and phase transitions related to capillary condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihide Hibara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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8
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Microstructure-Enhanced Liquid⁻Liquid Extraction in a Real-Time Fluorescence Detection Microfluidic Chip. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7030046. [PMID: 30407418 PMCID: PMC6190443 DOI: 10.3390/mi7030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic system is widely employed in the detection of environmental contaminants and biological specimens. One of the critical issues which limits the applications of microfluidic chips is the limit of detection of trace specimens. Liquid–liquid extraction is of great importance in the preprocessing in microfluidic devices. In this paper, we developed a real-time fluorescence detection microfluidic chip combined with a microstructure-enhanced liquid–liquid laminar extraction technique, which concentrated the trace compound and realized real-time monitoring. Auxiliary microstructures integrated in the microfluidic chip were applied to increase the extraction efficiency, which was proved by the FEM (finite element method) simulation as well. A common fluorescence probe, Rhodamine 6G (Rh6g), was used in the experiment to demonstrate the performance of the microfluidic system. It revealed that the liquid–liquid laminar extraction combined with auxiliary microstructures of a cross shape was an effective method for enrichment. The efficiency of microstructure-enhanced liquid–liquid extraction was increased by 350% compared to the traditional laminar flow extraction.
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9
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Poulsen CE, Wootton RCR, Wolff A, deMello AJ, Elvira KS. A Microfluidic Platform for the Rapid Determination of Distribution Coefficients by Gravity-Assisted Droplet-Based Liquid–Liquid Extraction. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6265-70. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Esben Poulsen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Robert C. R. Wootton
- Institute
of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anders Wolff
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew J. deMello
- Institute
of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katherine S. Elvira
- Institute
of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Wang S, Wang T, Ge P, Xue P, Ye S, Chen H, Li Z, Zhang J, Yang B. Controlling flow behavior of water in microfluidics with a chemically patterned anisotropic wetting surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4032-4039. [PMID: 25782074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the flow behavior of water in microfluidic systems based on a chemically patterned anisotropic wetting surface. When water flows inside a microchannel on top of a micropatterned surface with alternating hydrophilic/hydrophobic stripes, it exhibits an anisotropic flowing characteristic owing to the anisotropic wettability; thus, the patterned surface acts as a microvalve for the microfluidic system. The anisotropic flow of water is influenced by the microscale features of the patterns and the dimensions of the microchannels. Furthermore, by reasonably combining the patterned surface and microchannel together, we realize the transportation of water in a microchannel along a "virtual" wall, which is the boundary of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic area. We believe that the chemically patterned surfaces could be an alternative strategy to control the flow behavior of water in microfluidic channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Wang
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- ‡Research Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ge
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Peihong Xue
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shunsheng Ye
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zibo Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Junhu Zhang
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- †State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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11
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Bubble-driven mixer integrated with a microfluidic bead-based ELISA for rapid bladder cancer biomarker detection. Biomed Microdevices 2014; 16:199-207. [PMID: 24141738 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-013-9822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, fine bubbles were successfully generated and used as a simple, low-cost driving force for mixing fluids in an integrated microfluidic bead-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to rapidly and quantitatively detect apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), a biomarker highly correlated with bladder cancer. A wooden gas diffuser was embedded underneath a microfluidic chip to refine injected air and generate bubbles of less than 0.3 mm. The rising bubbles caused disturbances and convection in the fluid, increasing the probability of analyte interaction. This setup not only simplifies the micromixer design but also achieves rapid mixing with a small airflow as a force. We used this bubble-driven micromixer in a bead-based ELISA that targeted APOA1. The results indicate that this micromixer reduced the time for each incubation from 60 min in the conventional assay to 8 min with the chip, resulting in a reduction of total ELISA reaction time from 3-4 h to 30-40 min. Furthermore, the concentration detection limit was 9.16 ng/mL, which was lower than the detection cut-off value (11.16 ng/mL) for bladder cancer diagnosis reported in the literature. Therefore, this chip can be used to achieve rapid low-cost bladder cancer detection and may be used in point-of-care cancer monitoring.
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12
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Goyal S, Desai AV, Lewis RW, Ranganathan DR, Li H, Zeng D, Reichert DE, Kenis PJ. Thiolene and SIFEL-based Microfluidic Platforms for Liquid-Liquid Extraction. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2014; 190:634-644. [PMID: 25246730 PMCID: PMC4167834 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2013.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms provide several advantages for liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) processes over conventional methods, for example with respect to lower consumption of solvents and enhanced extraction efficiencies due to the inherent shorter diffusional distances. Here, we report the development of polymer-based parallel-flow microfluidic platforms for LLE. To date, parallel-flow microfluidic platforms have predominantly been made out of silicon or glass due to their compatibility with most organic solvents used for LLE. Fabrication of silicon and glass-based LLE platforms typically requires extensive use of photolithography, plasma or laser-based etching, high temperature (anodic) bonding, and/or wet etching with KOH or HF solutions. In contrast, polymeric microfluidic platforms can be fabricated using less involved processes, typically photolithography in combination with replica molding, hot embossing, and/or bonding at much lower temperatures. Here we report the fabrication and testing of microfluidic LLE platforms comprised of thiolene or a perfluoropolyether-based material, SIFEL, where the choice of materials was mainly guided by the need for solvent compatibility and fabrication amenability. Suitable designs for polymer-based LLE platforms that maximize extraction efficiencies within the constraints of the fabrication methods and feasible operational conditions were obtained using analytical modeling. To optimize the performance of the polymer-based LLE platforms, we systematically studied the effect of surface functionalization and of microstructures on the stability of the liquid-liquid interface and on the ability to separate the phases. As demonstrative examples, we report (i) a thiolene-based platform to determine the lipophilicity of caffeine, and (ii) a SIFEL-based platform to extract radioactive copper from an acidic aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Goyal
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amit V. Desai
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Robert W. Lewis
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Ranganathan
- Radiological Sciences Division, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hairong Li
- Radiological Sciences Division, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Radiological Sciences Division, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David E. Reichert
- Radiological Sciences Division, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul J.A. Kenis
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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13
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A microscale solid-phase extraction poly(dimethylsiloxane) chip for enrichment and fluorescent detection of metal ions. Talanta 2013; 116:1005-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Hyphenation of optimized microfluidic sample preparation with nano liquid chromatography for faster and greener alkaloid analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 797:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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16
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Bai Z, He Q, Huang S, Hu X, Chen H. Preparation of hybrid soda-lime/quartz glass chips with wettability-patterned channels for manipulation of flow profiles in droplet-based analytical systems. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 767:97-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Hydrophobic polymer monoliths as novel phase separators: Application in continuous liquid–liquid extraction systems. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 720:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Advancing liquid/liquid extraction through a novel microfluidic device: Theory, instrumentation and applications in gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1226:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Petersen NJ, Pedersen JS, Poulsen NN, Jensen H, Skonberg C, Hansen SH, Pedersen-Bjergaard S. On-chip electromembrane extraction for monitoring drug metabolism in real time by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2012; 137:3321-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35264h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Schultz KM, Furst EM. High-throughput rheology in a microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3802-9. [PMID: 21952259 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20376b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput rheological measurements in a microfluidic device are demonstrated. A series of microrheology samples are generated as droplets in an immiscible spacer fluid using a microfluidic T-junction. The compositions of the sample droplets are continuously varied over a wide range. Rheology measurements are made in each droplet using multiple particle tracking microrheology. We review critical design and operating parameters, including the droplet size, flow rates and rapid fabrication methods. Validation experiments are performed by measuring the solution viscosity of glycerine and the biopolymer heparin as a function of concentration. Overall, the combination of microrheology with microfluidics maximizes the number of rheological measurements while simultaneously minimizing the sample preparation time and amount of material, and should be particularly suited to the characterization of scarce or expensive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Schultz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Molecular and Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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21
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Schultz KM, Bayles AV, Baldwin AD, Kiick KL, Furst EM. Rapid, high resolution screening of biomaterial hydrogelators by μ2rheology. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:4178-82. [PMID: 22023267 DOI: 10.1021/bm201214r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A combination of sample manipulation and rheological characterization at the microscale is used to identify the gelation of poly(ethylene glycol)-heparin hydrogels over a wide range of compositions. A microfluidic device produces 50-100 droplet samples, each with a different composition. Multiple particle tracking microrheology is used to measure the rheological state of each sample. This combination requires little material and enables efficient and rapid screening of gelation conditions. The high resolution data identifies the gelation reaction percolation boundaries and a lower limit of the total hydrogelator concentration for gelation to occur, which can be used for the subsequent engineering, testing, and processing of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Schultz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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22
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Logtenberg H, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Feringa BL, Browne WR, Verpoorte E. Multiple flow profiles for two-phase flow in single microfluidic channels through site-selective channel coating. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:2030-2034. [PMID: 21409272 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20012g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An approach to control two-phase flow systems in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic device using spatially selective surface modification is demonstrated. Side-by-side flows of ethanol : water solutions containing different polymers are used to selectively modify both sides of a channel by laminar flow patterning. Introduction of air pockets during modification allows for control over the length of the channel section that is modified. This approach makes it possible to achieve slug flow and side-by-side flow of water : 1-octanol simultaneously within the same PDMS channel, without the need of additional structural elements. A key finding is that conditioning of the PDMS channels with 1-octanol before polymer deposition is crucial to achieving stable side-by-side flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hella Logtenberg
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Huh YS, Jeon SJ, Lee EZ, Park HS, Hong WH. Microfluidic extraction using two phase laminar flow for chemical and biological applications. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-010-0533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Belder D, Tolba K, Nagl S. Rapid quantitative determination of ephedra alkaloids in tablet formulations and human urine by microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:440-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Petersen NJ, Foss ST, Jensen H, Hansen SH, Skonberg C, Snakenborg D, Kutter JP, Pedersen-Bjergaard S. On-Chip Electro Membrane Extraction with Online Ultraviolet and Mass Spectrometric Detection. Anal Chem 2010; 83:44-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1027148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nickolaj Jacob Petersen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sunniva Taule Foss
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Steen Honoré Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Skonberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Detlef Snakenborg
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jörg P. Kutter
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, and Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Huh YS, Jeong CM, Chang HN, Lee SY, Hong WH, Park TJ. Rapid separation of bacteriorhodopsin using a laminar-flow extraction system in a microfluidic device. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2010; 4:14103. [PMID: 20644672 PMCID: PMC2905269 DOI: 10.1063/1.3298608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A protein separation technology using the microfluidic device was developed for the more rapid and effective analysis of target protein. This microfluidic separation system was carried out using the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and the ionic liquid two-phase system (ILTPS) for purification method of the protein sample, and the three-flow desalting system was used for the removal of salts from the sucrose-rich sample. Partitioning of the protein sample was observed in ATPS or ILTPS with the various pHs. The microdialysis system was applied to remove small molecules, such as sucrose and salts in the microfluidic channel with the different flow rates of buffer phase. A complex purification method, which combines microdialysis and ATPS or ILTPS, was carried out for the effective purification of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) from the purple membrane of Halobacterium salinarium, which was then analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorptionionization time-of-flight. Furthermore, we were able to make a stable three-phase flow controlling the flow rate in the microfluidic channel. Our complex purification methods were successful in purifying and recovering the BR to its required value.
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27
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Aota A, Mawatari K, Kitamori T. Parallel multiphase microflows: fundamental physics, stabilization methods and applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:2470-2476. [PMID: 19680572 DOI: 10.1039/b904430m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Parallel multiphase microflows, which can integrate unit operations in a microchip under continuous flow conditions, are discussed. Fundamental physics, stabilization methods and some applications are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Aota
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
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28
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Castell OK, Allender CJ, Barrow DA. Liquid-liquid phase separation: characterisation of a novel device capable of separating particle carrying multiphase flows. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:388-396. [PMID: 19156287 DOI: 10.1039/b806946h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Capillary forces on the microscale are exploited to create a continuous flow liquid-liquid phase separator. Segmented flow regimes of immiscible fluids are generated and subsequently separated into their component phases through an array of high aspect ratio, laser machined, separation ducts (36 microm wide, 130 microm deep) in a planar, integrated, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microdevice. A controlled pressure differential across the phase separator architecture facilitates the selective passage of the wetting, organic, phase through the separator ducts, enabling separation of microfluidic multiphase flow streams. The reported device is demonstrated to separate water and chloroform segmented flow regimes at flow rates up to 0.4 ml min(-1). Separation efficiency is quantified over a range of flow rates and applied pressure differentials, characterising device behaviour and limits of operation. Experimental measurements and observations are supported by theoretical hydrodynamic and capillary pressure modelling. The influence of material properties and geometric design parameters on phase separation is quantified and optimisation strategies proposed. The novel ability of the membrane free device to separate an organic phase containing suspended microparticulates, from an aqueous phase, is also demonstrated.
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29
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Roman GT, Wang M, Shultz KN, Jennings C, Kennedy RT. Sampling and electrophoretic analysis of segmented flow streams using virtual walls in a microfluidic device. Anal Chem 2008; 80:8231-8. [PMID: 18831564 DOI: 10.1021/ac801317t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A method for sampling and electrophoretic analysis of aqueous plugs segmented in a stream of immiscible oil is described. In the method, an aqueous buffer and oil stream flow parallel to each other to form a stable virtual wall in a microfabricated K-shaped fluidic element. As aqueous sample plugs in the oil stream make contact with the virtual wall, coalescence occurs and sample is electrokinetically transferred to the aqueous stream. Using this virtual wall, two methods of injection for channel electrophoresis were developed. In the first, discrete sample zones flow past the inlet of an electrophoresis channel and a portion is injected by electroosmotic flow, termed the "discrete injector". With this approach at least 800 plugs could be injected without interruption from a continuous segmented stream with 5.1% RSD in peak area. This method generated up to 1,050 theoretical plates, although analysis of the injector suggested that improvements may be possible. In a second method, aqueous plugs are sampled in a way that allows them to form a continuous stream that is directed to a microfluidic cross-style injector, termed the "desegmenting injector". This method does not analyze each individual plug but instead allows periodic sampling of a high-frequency stream of plugs. Using this system at least 1000 injections could be performed sequentially with 5.8% RSD in peak area and 53,500 theoretical plates. This method was demonstrated to be useful for monitoring concentration changes from a sampling device with 10 s temporal resolution. Aqueous plugs in segmented flows have been applied to many different chemical manipulations including synthesis, assays, sampling processing and sampling. Nearly all such studies have used optical methods to analyze plug contents. This method offers a new way to analyze such samples and should enable new applications of segmented flow systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T Roman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
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30
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Fries DM, Voitl T, von Rohr PR. Liquid Extraction of Vanillin in Rectangular Microreactors. Chem Eng Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200800169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Ali I, Gupta V, Aboul‐Enein HY, Hussain A. Hyphenation in sample preparation: Advancement from the micro to the nano world. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2040-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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32
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Meagher RJ, Light YK, Singh AK. Rapid, continuous purification of proteins in a microfluidic device using genetically-engineered partition tags. LAB ON A CHIP 2008; 8:527-32. [PMID: 18369506 DOI: 10.1039/b716462a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput screening assays of native and recombinant proteins are increasingly crucial in life science research, including fields such as drug screening and enzyme engineering. These assays are typically highly parallel, and require minute amounts of purified protein per assay. To address this need, we have developed a rapid, automated microscale process for isolating specific proteins from sub-microlitre volumes of E. Coli cell lysate. Recombinant proteins are genetically tagged to drive partitioning into the PEG-rich phase of a flowing aqueous two-phase system, which removes approximately 85% of contaminating proteins, as well as unwanted nucleic acids and cell debris, on a simple microfluidic device. Inclusion of the genetic tag roughly triples recovery of the autofluorescent protein AcGFP1, and also significantly improves recovery of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), from nearly zero recovery for the wild-type enzyme, up to 40% with genetic tagging. The extraction process operates continuously, with only a single step from cell lysate to purified protein, and does not require expensive affinity reagents or troublesome chromatographic steps. The two-phase system is mild and does not disrupt protein function, as evidenced by recovery of active enzymes and functional fluorescent protein from our microfluidic process. The microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction forms the core component of an integrated lab-on-a-chip device comprising cell culture, lysis, purification and analysis on a single device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Meagher
- Sandia National Laboratories, Biosystems Research Department, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 95391, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Aota
- Micro Chemistry Group, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology (KAST)
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Micro Chemistry Group, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology (KAST)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
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34
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Peyman SA, Iles A, Pamme N. Rapid on-chip multi-step (bio)chemical procedures in continuous flow – manoeuvring particles through co-laminar reagent streams. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:1220-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b716532c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Yang J, Pi X, Zhang L, Liu X, Yang J, Cao Y, Zhang W, Zheng X. Diffusion characteristics of a T-type microchannel with different configurations and inlet angles. ANAL SCI 2007; 23:697-703. [PMID: 17575354 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.23.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of symmetrical and asymmetrical microfluidic T-sensors with different inlet angles were fabricated to study the mixing characteristics of a T-type microstructure for generating concentration gradient. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations showed that the concentration gradient, transition zone and diffusion length were different for various configurations and inlet angles. Quick mix and sharp concentration gradient occurred in the asymmetrical structure with large inlet angle. The observed concentration gradients in the fabricated microchannel were consistent with the theoretical prediction. In this microstructure, stagnant zone and z-direction diffusion also affected the concentration gradient. Based on the simulation results, the microfluidic structure was optimized to generate desired concentration gradient for a cell-based study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Ooe K, Tashiro Y, Saika D, Kitamoto Y, Matsuo K, Takabe T, Kuribayashi T, Takahashi N, Yoshimura T, Sato W, Takahisa K, Shinohara A. Development of On-line Solvent Extraction System with Microchips for Heavy Element Chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.14494/jnrs2000.8.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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