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Noji M, Ishimaru S, Obata H, Kumaki A, Seki T, Hayashi S, Takanami T. Facile electrochemical synthesis of silyl acetals: An air-stable precursor to formylsilane. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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2
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Mori-Quiroz LM, Maloba EW, Maleczka RE. Silylcyclopropanes by Selective [1,4]-Wittig Rearrangement of 4-Silyl-5,6-dihydropyrans. Org Lett 2021; 23:5724-5728. [PMID: 34236869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
4-Silyl-5,6-dihydropyrans undergo remarkably selective [1,4]-Wittig rearrangements to give silylcyclopropanes in good yields. The selectivity is independent of the silyl group, but it is influenced by the electronic character of the migrating center. Electron-rich and electron-neutral (hetero)aryl groups and aliphatic substituents at the migrating center lead to exclusive [1,4]-migration, whereas electron-deficient aryl groups predominantly afford [1,2]-Wittig products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Mori-Quiroz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Emmanuel W Maloba
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Robert E Maleczka
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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3
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Wang X, Liu F, Li Y, Yan Z, Qiang Q, Rong Z. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Acylsilanes. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuchao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P.R. China
| | - Feipeng Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Li
- College of Chemistry Liaoning University Shenyang 110036 P.R. China
| | - Zijuan Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P.R. China
| | - Qing Qiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P.R. China
| | - Zi‐Qiang Rong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P.R. China
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4
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5
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Nath SR, Joshi KA. Mechanistic investigation in the [1,4] and [1,2] Wittig rearrangement reactions: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:21457-21473. [PMID: 30087956 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01045e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic pathways for the [1,4] and [1,2] Wittig rearrangements of 2-silyl-6-aryl-5,6-dihydro-(2H)-pyrans have been studied at the M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ level of theory. The crucial C-O bond cleavage step in the mechanism has been analysed initially, using two model reactions covering aliphatic as well as cyclic allylic ethers. The barriers for the one-step as well as two-step pathways have been calculated and the mechanisms for both the [1,4] and [1,2] Wittig rearrangement reactions are predicted to occur through a two-step mode. An energetic analysis of the reaction pathways reveals that the [1,4]-rearrangement has a lower barrier than the [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement. The C-O cleavage transition state was found to have the highest barrier and is thus the rate determining transition state for all of the studied molecules. This is in agreement with the previously published experimental studies. The role of the allylic trimethylsilane group in the stabilization of the intermediate anions of the Wittig reactants has also been investigated while comparing it with the phenyl and allylic t-butyl groups through Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa R Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
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Tayama E, Kobayashi Y, Toma Y. Diaza [1,4] Wittig-type rearrangement of N-allylic-N-Boc-hydrazines into γ-amino-N-Boc-enamines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10570-3. [PMID: 27498628 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04626f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diaza [1,4] Wittig-type rearrangement of N-allylic-N-Boc-hydrazines into γ-amino-N-Boc-enamines was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
| | | | - Yuka Toma
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
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7
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Mori-Quiroz LM, Maleczka RE. Stereoconvergent [1,2]- and [1,4]-Wittig rearrangements of 2-silyl-6-aryl-5,6-dihydropyrans: a tale of steric vs electronic regiocontrol of divergent pathways. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1163-91. [PMID: 25490725 PMCID: PMC4301091 DOI: 10.1021/jo5026942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The regiodivergent ring contraction of diastereomeric 2-silyl-5,6-dihydro-6-aryl-(2H)-pyrans via [1,2]- and [1,4]-Wittig rearrangements to the corresponding α-silylcyclopentenols or (α-cyclopropyl)acylsilanes favor the [1,4]-pathway by ortho and para directing groups in the aromatic appendage and/or by sterically demanding silyl groups. The [1,2]-pathway is dominant with meta directing or electron-poor aromatic moieties. Exclusive [1,2]-Wittig rearrangements are observed when olefin substituents proximal to the silyl are present. cis and trans diastereomers exhibit different reactivities, but converge to a single [1,2]- or [1,4]-Wittig product with high diastereoselectivity and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M. Mori-Quiroz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan
State University, 578
South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Robert E. Maleczka
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan
State University, 578
South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Reid JP, McAdam CA, Johnston AJS, Grayson MN, Goodman JM, Cook MJ. Base-mediated cascade rearrangements of aryl-substituted diallyl ethers. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1472-98. [PMID: 25514457 DOI: 10.1021/jo502403n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Two base-mediated cascade rearrangement reactions of diallyl ethers were developed leading to selective [2,3]-Wittig-oxy-Cope and isomerization-Claisen rearrangements. Both diaryl and arylsilyl-substituted 1,3-substituted propenyl substrates were examined, and each exhibits unique reactivity and different reaction pathways. Detailed mechanistic and computational analysis was conducted, which demonstrated that the role of the base and solvent was key to the reactivity and selectivity observed. Crossover experiments also suggest that these reactions proceed with a certain degree of dissociation, and the mechanistic pathway is highly complex with multiple competing routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolene P Reid
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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9
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Gao PS, Ye F, Dong XY, Chen Y, Gao ZW, Zhang WQ, Xu LW. Base-promoted [1,4]-Wittig rearrangement of chalcone-derived allylic ethers leading to aromatic β-benzyl ketones. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong base promoted [1,4]-Wittig rearrangement of allylic ethers was developed in this work, in which the reaction provided a facile approach to the synthesis of aromatic β-benzyl ketones under controllable radical reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Sen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry
- Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Zi-Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
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10
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Onyeozili EN, Mori-Quiroz LM, Maleczka RE. [1,2]- and [1,4]-Wittig Rearrangements of α-Alkoxysilanes: Effect of Substitutions at both the Migrating Benzylic Carbon and the Terminal sp 2 Carbon of the Allyl Moiety. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:849-860. [PMID: 23459008 PMCID: PMC3580876 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Substituted α-alkoxysilanes can be deprotonated by alkyllithium bases and made to undergo Wittig rearrangements to afford the #x0005B;1,4]- and [1,2]-rearranged products in varying ratios. Substitution at the benzylic migrating carbon and/or at the allylic carbon of the allyl moiety impacts the rearrangement reaction, influencing the reactivity as well as the [1,4]-/[1,2]-selectivity. Diastereomeric α-alkoxysilanes show different reactivities with the syn diastereomer being the more reactive isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith N. Onyeozili
- Department of Chemistry, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA
| | - Luis M. Mori-Quiroz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Robert E. Maleczka
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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11
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Montaña ÁM, Ponzano S, Batalla C, Font-Bardia M. Unprecedented double benzylic rearrangement: regio- and stereospecific tandem 1,4-shift and Curtin rearrangement. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Zhao W, Wang WG, Li XN, Du X, Zhan R, Zou J, Li Y, Zhang HB, He F, Pu JX, Sun HD. Neoadenoloside A, a highly functionalized diterpene C-glycoside, from Isodon adenolomus. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7723-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33656a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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14
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Onyeozili EN, Maleczka RE. Studies on the deprotonation and subsequent [1,4]-Wittig rearrangement of α-benzyloxyallylsilanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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