1
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Biswas B, Allen HC. Solution and Surface Solvation of Nitrate Anions with Iron(III) and Aluminum(III) in Aqueous Environments: A Raman and Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Study. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:8938-8953. [PMID: 39370705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c05142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydrated trivalent metal nitrate salts, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and Al(NO3)3·9H2O, in both solid and aqueous phases are investigated. Raman and surface-selective vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, are used to shed light on ion-ion interactions and hydration in several spectral regions spanning low frequency (440-550 cm-1) to higher frequency modes of nitrate and water (720, 1050, 1250-1450, and 2800-3750 cm-1). These frequencies span the metal-water mode, nitrate in-plane deformation, nitrate symmetric and asymmetric modes, and the OH stretch of condensed phase water molecules. Comparison to NaNO3, and in some cases KNO3, is also shown, providing insight. Splitting and frequency shifts are observed and discussed for both the solid state and solution phase. The Lewis acidity of Fe3+ and Al3+ ions plays a significant role in the observed spectra, in particular for the nitrate asymmetric band splitting and frequency shift. The spectral response from water solvation for iron and aluminum nitrates is nonlinear as compared to linear for sodium nitrate, suggesting significantly different solvation environments that are limited by water hydration capacity at higher concentrations. Moreover, a non-hydrogen bonded OH, dangling OH, from hydrating water molecules is observed spectroscopically for Al and Fe nitrate solutions. Furthermore, aluminum nitrate perturbs the surface water structure more than iron nitrate despite aluminum being a weaker Lewis acid. The surface water structure is thus found to be unique for the Al(NO3)3 solutions as compared to both Fe(NO3)3 and NaNO3, such that surface solvation is more pronounced. This observation exemplifies the nature of the Fe(III) and Al(III) ions and their substantial influence on the surface water structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Heather C Allen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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2
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Yuan ZY, Li YF, Li TY, Yao JL, Zhang JF, Wang XM. Identifying key residual aluminum species responsible for aggravation of nanofiltration membrane fouling in drinking water treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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3
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Tian C, Feng C, Wang Q. The identification of Al nanoclusters by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142154. [PMID: 33254923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lacking consolidated qualitative and quantitative analysis methods of Al nanoclusters in aqueous, the distributions and concentrations of each Al species could not be revealed with single method before or after coagulation, which limited the development of environmental Al clusters control. As the ESI-MS applied in the inorganic cluster's identification tentatively, the deficient identification of Al species could be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively with mass spectrum directly. Although many studies have applied the ESI-MS to analyze Al species in aqueous, the experimental conditions were not compared and not reached an agreement. Therefore, this work is the first study to review the methodology developments of ESI-MS in Al identification and to summarize the qualitative and quantitative analysis promoted by ESI-MS. The principle and rationality of quantitative ESI-MS method were inducted and discussed from the prospects of resolving mass spectrum assignment and transforming species in ionization. The qualitative ESI-MS results in previous studies were also analyzed by quantitative ESI-MS analysis in this work. The quantitative Al species results are accordant with the distribution results concluded via Al-Ferron and 27Al NMR methods. The identification principles and instrumental parameters were summarized and unified, which would give hints to further methodological applications and modifications. This study puts forward the further possibilities and prospects of ESI-MS applied in the transformation and in-situ identification of Al13 nanocluster in aqueous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Chenghong Feng
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Science of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Qixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
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4
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Jolimaitre E, Delcroix D, Essayem N, Pinel C, Besson M. Dihydroxyacetone conversion into lactic acid in an aqueous medium in the presence of metal salts: influence of the ionic thermodynamic equilibrium on the reaction performance. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02385e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Different Lewis acid aluminium complexes catalyse the successive reactions to convert dihydroxyacetone into lactic acid in an aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Jolimaitre
- IRCELYON
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon
- UMR5256 CNRS-Université Lyon 1
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
| | | | - N. Essayem
- IRCELYON
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon
- UMR5256 CNRS-Université Lyon 1
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
| | - C. Pinel
- IRCELYON
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon
- UMR5256 CNRS-Université Lyon 1
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
| | - M. Besson
- IRCELYON
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon
- UMR5256 CNRS-Université Lyon 1
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
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5
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Lanzani G, Seitsonen AP, Iannuzzi M, Laasonen K, Pehkonen SO. Isomerism of Trimeric Aluminum Complexes in Aqueous Environments: Exploration via DFT-Based Metadynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:11800-11809. [PMID: 27766881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b08112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of aluminum or oxo-aluminum in water is still relatively unknown, although it is the basis for many chemical and industrial processes, including flocculation in water treatment plants. Trimeric species have a predominant role in the formation of the Keggin cations, which are the basic building blocks of aluminum-based chemicals. Despite this, details of the structural evolution of these small solvated clusters and how this is related to the processes leading to the formation of larger aggregates are still an open issue. To address these questions, here, we have applied the metadynamics (MTD) simulation technique [ Barducci , A. ; Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.: Comput. Mol. Sci. 2010 , 1 , 826 - 843 ] with density functional theory-based molecular dynamics to disclose the dynamics and structural conversions of trimeric aluminum complexes in an aqueous environment. The existence of a variety of competing metastable conformations, for example, book-like, cyclic boat, and linear shape conformations, is revealed in the MTD simulation. Furthermore, equilibrium simulations of the various intermediate states encountered along the MTD trajectory are used to assess their (meta)stability, determine the rearrangement of the OH ligands, and discuss the role of the solvating water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Lanzani
- Thule-Institute, University of Oulu , P.O. Box 7300, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Ari P Seitsonen
- Institut für Chemie, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.,Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure , 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marcella Iannuzzi
- Institut für Chemie, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kari Laasonen
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University , P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Simo O Pehkonen
- Department of Environmental and Biosciences, University of Eastern Finland , PL 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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6
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Feng C, Bi Z, Tang H. Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrum analysis method of polyaluminum chloride flocculants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:474-480. [PMID: 25436867 DOI: 10.1021/es503681p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrospray mass spectrometry has been reported as a novel technique for Al species identification, but to date, the working mechanism is not clear and no unanimous method exists for spectrum analysis of traditional Al salt flocculants, let alone for analysis of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) flocculants. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel theoretical calculation method to identify Al species from a mass spectrum, based on deducing changes in m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) and molecular formulas of oligomers in five typical PAC flocculants. The use of reference chemical species was specially proposed in the method to guarantee the uniqueness of the assigned species. The charge and mass reduction of the Al cluster was found to proceed by hydrolysis, gasification, and change of hydroxyl on the oxy bridge. The novel method was validated both qualitatively and quantitatively by comparing the results to those obtained with the (27)Al NMR spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghong Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
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7
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He MF, Fu HQ, Su BF, Yang HQ, Tang JQ, Hu CW. Theoretical Insight into the Coordination of Cyclic β-d-Glucose to [Al(OH)(aq)]2+ and [Al(OH)2(aq)]1+ Ions. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13890-902. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5060099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fu He
- Key Laboratory
of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Quan Fu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ben-Fang Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Qing Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Qiang Tang
- Key Laboratory
of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory
of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
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8
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Bogatko S, Geerlings P. Pressure induced speciation changes in the aqueous Al³⁺ system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:21383-90. [PMID: 25179771 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03030c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a simple model for incorporating the influence of external pressure and solution pH into a cluster based (i.e. comprising the central Al(3+) cation and nearest neighbor coordinating H2O and OH(-) ligands) 1st principles approach to investigate the hydrolysis equilibria of aqueous Al(3+) monomeric species in high pressure environments such as are found in the Earth's mantle. Our model is demonstrated to reproduce the well documented bulk chemistry of the aqueous Al(3+) system under ambient conditions, namely the system is dominated at low and high pH by the 6-coordinated aqua species and 4 coordinated hydroxide species, respectively, while all remaining species occupy a narrow intermediate pH range. Coupling this model to changes in solution pH is achieved by using [H3O(+)] as a parameter in the definition of the formation equilibrium constants used; the influence of external pressure is evaluated using Planck's equation. This approach predicts that changes in external pressure will induce drastic changes in the aqueous solubility of these species under high pressure conditions and moderate changes at as low as 5 GPa. Finally, some industrial and geochemical implications of this result are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Bogatko
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculteit Wetenschappen, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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9
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Bogatko S, Cauët E, Geerlings P. Rydberg electron capture by neutral Al hydrolysis products. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:15309-11. [PMID: 23835932 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51935j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We predict that electron attachment may be used with ESI-MS techniques to observe neutral Al metal aqua-oxo-hydroxo species and the complex polymerization and precipitation reactions in which they participate. Neutral aqueous metal species have, so far, been invisible to ESI-MS techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Bogatko
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Faculteit Wetenschappen, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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10
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Bogatko S, Cauët E, Geerlings P. Improved DFT-based interpretation of ESI-MS of aqueous metal cations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:926-931. [PMID: 23595261 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present results showing that our recently developed density functional theory (DFT)-based speciation model of the aqueous Al(3+) system has the potential to improve the interpretations of ESI-MS studies of aqueous metal cation hydrolytic speciation. The main advantages of our method are that (1) it allows for the calculation of the relative abundance of a given species which may be directly assigned to the signal intensity in a mass spectrum; (2) in cases where species with identical m⁄z ratios may coexist, the assignment can be unambiguously assigned based on their theoretical relative abundances. As a demonstration of its application, we study four pairs of monomer and dimer aqueous Al(3+) species, each with identical m/z ratio. For some of these pairs our method predicts that the dominant species changes from the monomer to the dimer species under varying pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Bogatko
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculteit Wetenschappen, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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11
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Mechanistic investigations of Al(OH)3 oligomerization mechanisms. J Mol Model 2012; 19:1565-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Lanzani G, Sarpola A, Saukkoriipi J, Laasonen K, Morrison CA, Slater B, Rämö J, Pehkonen SO. Study of the stability of aluminium trimeric clusters in aqueous solutions. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2012.674209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Bogatko S, Geerlings P. Factors influencing Al3+-dimer speciation and stability from density functional theory calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8058-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40885f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Feng C, Zhao S, Bi Z, Wang D, Tang H. Speciation of prehydrolyzed Al salt coagulants with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 27Al NMR spectroscopy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Yucelen GI, Choudhury RP, Vyalikh A, Scheler U, Beckham HW, Nair S. Formation of Single-Walled Aluminosilicate Nanotubes from Molecular Precursors and Curved Nanoscale Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5397-412. [DOI: 10.1021/ja111055q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anastasia Vyalikh
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Scheler
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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16
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Jin X, Yang W, Qian Z, Wang Y, Bi S. DFT study on the interaction between monomeric aluminium and chloride ion in aqueous solution. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:5052-8. [PMID: 21451819 DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01822h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry of China & Key Laboratory of MOE for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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17
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Saukkoriipi J, Laasonen K. Theoretical Study of the Hydrolysis of Pentameric Aluminum Complexes. J Chem Theory Comput 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ct900670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Saukkoriipi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Kari Laasonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
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18
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Lin YF, Lee DJ. Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Studies of Purified Aluminum Tridecamer in a 50:50 Water/Acetonitrile Mixture. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:3503-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp912101g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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19
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Tsierkezos NG, Roithová J, Schröder D, Ončák M, Slavíček P. Can Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Quantitatively Probe Speciation? Hydrolysis of Uranyl Nitrate Studied by Gas-Phase Methods. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:6287-96. [DOI: 10.1021/ic900575r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos G. Tsierkezos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Fachgebiet Chemie, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Weimarer Str. 25, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Jana Roithová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- Department of Organic and Nuclear Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
| | - Milan Ončák
- Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Zhao H, Liu H, Qu J. Effect of pH on the aluminum salts hydrolysis during coagulation process: Formation and decomposition of polymeric aluminum species. J Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 330:105-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Steppert M, Walther C, Geist A, Fanghänel T. Direct nano ESI time-of-flight mass spectrometric investigations on lanthanide BTP complexes in the extraction-relevant diluent 1-octanol. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00371a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Saukkoriipi JJ, Laasonen K. Density Functional Studies of the Hydrolysis of Aluminum (Chloro)Hydroxide in Water with CPMD and COSMO. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:10873-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804176v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kari Laasonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
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23
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Urabe T, Tsugoshi T, Tanaka M. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry investigation of the blocking effect of sulfate on the formation of aluminum tridecamer. J Mol Liq 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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