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Zhou T, Zuo J, Xie H, Zhao X, Zhao MX, Zhang J. Highly active chromium-based selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by alkenylphosphanyl PNP ligands. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:14011-14017. [PMID: 39105496 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01521e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel diphosphinoamine (PNP) ligands bearing a P-alkenyl group were synthesized and applied in chromium-catalyzed selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization by in situ combination of Cr(acac)3 and modified methylalumoxane (MMAO-3A). The ligand substitution and oligomerization conditions have a remarkable influence on the catalytic activity and controllable selectivity. Most of these PNP ligands are highly active for ethylene tri-/tetramerization with considerable selectivity. An asymmetric diisopropenylphosphanyl ligand with an N-cyclohexyl group achieved the highest activity of 2036 kg (g Cr h-1)-1 with a high total selectivity of 81.1 wt% toward valuable 1-hexene (43.0 wt%) and 1-octene (38.1 wt%) at 40 bar ethylene and 60 °C. An asymmetric mixed isopropenyl/ethylphosphanyl ligand with an N-isopropyl group exhibited a high 1-octene selectivity of 65.5 wt% and a high total 1-hexene/1-octene selectivity (91.5 wt%) with a high activity of 1256 kg (g Cr h-1)-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jing Zuo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Haojie Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Mei-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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2
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Zhao X, Wang J, Liu D, Kong W, Zhang J. Chromium Ethylene Tri-/Tetramerization Catalysts Supported by Iminophosphine Ligands. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:34549-34556. [PMID: 37780000 PMCID: PMC10536060 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of highly active ethylene tri-/tetramerization chromium catalysts supported by iminophosphine ligands has been studied. The impact of electronic and steric changes of these ligands on selectivity and activity has been investigated by varying P- and/or N-substituents. Upon activation with MMAO, the ligand bearing a P-cyclohexyl group displayed a high activity of 307 kg/(g Cr/h) with a high trimerization selectivity of 92.6%. Decreasing the steric hindrance of N-aryl group led to a decrease in 1-hexene selectivity (74.5%), producing more 1-octene (10.3%). X-ray diffraction analysis verifies that the ligands coordinate with the chromium center in a κ2-P,N mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jihe Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dongchang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weihuan Kong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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3
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Cheong M, Singh A. A Density Functional Study on Ethylene Trimerization and Tetramerization Using Real Sasol Cr-PNP Catalysts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073101. [PMID: 37049864 PMCID: PMC10095999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain molecular-level insight into the intricate features of the catalytic behavior of chromium–diphosphine complexes regarding ethylene tri- and tetramerizations, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The selective formation of 1-hexene and 1-octene by the tri- and tetramerizations of ethylene are generally accepted to follow the metallacycle mechanism. To explore the mechanism of ethylene tri- and tetramerizations, we used a real Sasol chromium complex with a nitrogen-bridged diphosphine ligand with ortho- and para-methoxyaryl substituents. We explore the trimerization mechanism for ethylene first and, later on for comparison, we extend the potential energy surfaces (PES) for the tetramerization of ethylene with both catalysts. The calculated results reveal that the formation of 1-hexene and 1-octene with the ortho-methoxyaryl and para-methoxyaryl Cr-PNP catalysts have nearly similar potential energy surfaces (PES). From the calculated results important insights are gained into the tri- and tetramerizations. The tetramerization of ethylene with the para-methoxyaryl Cr-PNP catalyst lowers the barrier height by ~2.6 kcal/mol compared to that of ethylene with the ortho-methoxyaryl Cr-PNP catalyst. The selectivity toward trimerization or tetramerization comes from whether the energy barrier for ethylene insertion to metallacycloheptane is higher than β-hydride transfer to make 1-hexene. The metallacycle mechanism with Cr (I)–Cr (III) intermediates is found to be the most favored, with the oxidative coupling of the two coordinated ethylenes to form chromacyclopentane being the rate-determining step.
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4
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Zhao X, Ma X, Kong W, Zhang J. Switchable ethylene tri-/tetramerization with high catalytic performance: Subtle effect presented by P-alkyl substituent of PCCP ligands. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Transition Metal-(μ-Cl)-Aluminum Bonding in α-Olefin and Diene Chemistry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217164. [PMID: 36363991 PMCID: PMC9654437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Olefin and diene transformations, catalyzed by organoaluminum-activated metal complexes, are widely used in synthetic organic chemistry and form the basis of major petrochemical processes. However, the role of M−(μ-Cl)−Al bonding, being proven for certain >C=C< functionalization reactions, remains unclear and debated for essentially more important industrial processes such as oligomerization and polymerization of α-olefins and conjugated dienes. Numerous publications indirectly point at the significance of M−(μ-Cl)−Al bonding in Ziegler−Natta and related transformations, but only a few studies contain experimental or at least theoretical evidence of the involvement of M−(μ-Cl)−Al species into catalytic cycles. In the present review, we have compiled data on the formation of M−(μ-Cl)−Al complexes (M = Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Ni), their molecular structure, and reactivity towards olefins and dienes. The possible role of similar complexes in the functionalization, oligomerization and polymerization of α-olefins and dienes is discussed in the present review through the prism of the further development of Ziegler−Natta processes and beyond.
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6
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Ma J, Fan H, Hao B, Jiang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Zhang J, Jiang T. Asymmetric carbon-bridged diphosphine based chromium complexes for selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization with high thermal stability. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Small BL, Milner MF. Insights on the Mechanism for Ethylene Tetramerization. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Small
- Research & Technology, Chevron Phillips Chemical, 1862 Kingwood Drive, Kingwood, Texas 77339, United States
| | - Matthew F. Milner
- Research & Technology, Chevron Phillips Chemical, 1862 Kingwood Drive, Kingwood, Texas 77339, United States
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8
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Zhong X, Liu L, Guo X, Sun L, Liu B, Liu Z. Cr/PCCP-Catalysed Selective Ethylene Oligomerization: Analysis of Various Conformations and the Hemilabile Methoxy Group. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01219g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of the hemilabile methoxy group in the Cr-based catalyst bearing (C6H5)2-P(CH2)2P-(C6H5)2 (PCCP) and (o-MeOC6H4)(C6H5)-P(CH2)2P-(C6H5)(o-MeOC6H4) (PCCPOMe) ligands on ethylene tri- and tetramerization were systematically investigated by...
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9
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Ma X, Liu Y, Wang Z, Zhao X, Mi P, Zhang J. Ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by diphosphinoindole ligands. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Lo Q, Pye D, Gesslbauer S, Sim Y, García F, White AJP, Britovsek GJP. Single- and double-bridged PNP ligands in chromium-catalysed ethylene oligomerisation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00550f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromium catalysts with diazaphospholane ligands have shown good activities and selectivities for ethylene tri- and tetramerisation. Oligomerisations with a doubly N-bridged cyclodiphosphazane result in a Schulz–Flory distribution of α-olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quintin Lo
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Dominic Pye
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Sami Gesslbauer
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Ying Sim
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, NTU, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, NTU, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - George J. P. Britovsek
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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11
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Tandem Synthesis of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Drag Reducing Poly-α-Olefins for Low-Temperature Pipeline Transportation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223930. [PMID: 34833229 PMCID: PMC8621585 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-high molecular weight poly-α-olefins are widely used as drag reducing agents (DRAs) for pipeline transportation of oil and refined petroleum products. The synthesis of polyolefin DRAs is based on low-temperature Ziegler-Natta (ZN) polymerization of higher α-olefins. 1-Hexene based DRAs, the most effective at room temperature, typically lose DR activity at low temperatures. The use of 1-hexene copolymers with C8-C12 linear α-olefins appears to offer a solution to the problem of low-temperature drag reducing. The present work aims to develop two-stage synthesis of polyolefin DRAs that is based on selective oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of efficient chromium/aminodiphosphine catalysts (Cr-PNP), followed by polymerization of the olefin mixtures, formed at oligomerization stage, using efficient titanium-magnesium ZN catalyst. We have shown that oligomerization of ethylene in α-olefin reaction media proceeds faster than in saturated hydrocarbons, providing the formation of 1-hexene, 1-octene, and branched C10 and C12 olefins; the composition and the ratio of the reaction products depended on the nature of PNP ligand. Oligomerizates were used in ZN polymerization 'as is', without additional treatment. Due to branched character of C10+ hydrocarbons, formed during oligomerization of ethylene, resulting polyolefins demonstrate higher low-temperature DR efficiency at low polymer concentrations (~1 ppm) in comparison with benchmark polymers prepared from the mixtures of linear α-olefins and from pure 1-hexene. We assume that faster solubility and more efficient solvation of the polyolefins, prepared using 'tandem' ethylene-based process, represent an advantage of these type polymers over conventional poly(1-hexene) and linear α-olefin-based polymers when used as 'winter' DRAs.
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12
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Synthesis of a Ni Complex Chelated by a [2.2]Paracyclophane-Functionalized Diimine Ligand and Its Catalytic Activity for Olefin Oligomerization. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092719. [PMID: 34063154 PMCID: PMC8124533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A diimine ligand having two [2.2]paracyclophanyl substituents at the N atoms (L1) was prepared from the reaction of amino[2.2]paracyclophane with acenaphtenequinone. The ligand reacts with NiBr2(dme) (dme: 1,2-dimethoxyethane) to form the dibromonickel complex with (R,R) and (S,S) configuration, NiBr2(L1). The structure of the complex was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. NiBr2(L1) catalyzes oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO) co-catalyst at 10–50 °C to form a mixture of 1- and 2-butenes after 3 h. The reactions for 6 h and 8 h at 25 °C causes further increase of 2-butene formed via isomerization of 1-butene and formation of hexenes. Reaction of 1-hexene catalyzed by NiBr2(L1)–MAO produces 2-hexene via isomerization and C12 and C18 hydrocarbons via oligomerization. Consumption of 1-hexene of the reaction obeys first-order kinetics. The kinetic parameters were obtained to be ΔG‡ = 93.6 kJ mol−1, ΔH‡ = 63.0 kJ mol−1, and ΔS‡ = −112 J mol−1deg−1. NiBr2(L1) catalyzes co-dimerization of ethylene and 1-hexene to form C8 hydrocarbons with higher rate and selectivity than the tetramerization of ethylene.
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13
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Mote NR, Gaikwad SR, Khopade KV, Gonnade RG, Chikkali SH. Controlled di-lithiation enabled synthesis of phosphine-sulfonamide ligands and implications in ethylene oligomerization. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3717-3723. [PMID: 33634816 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst design for ethylene oligomerization has attracted significant interest. Herein, we report the synthesis of phosphine-sulfonamide-derived palladium complexes and examine their performance in ethylene oligomerization. Arresting a dilithiation intermediate of N-(2-bromophenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (1) at -84 °C selectively produced N-(2-(bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl)phenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (L1A). However, the same reaction at -41 °C delivered a different ligand; 2-(bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl)-4-methyl-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide (L2A). The generality of our strategy has been demonstrated by preparing N-(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (L1B) and 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)-4-methyl-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide (L2B). Subsequently, L1A and L1B were treated with a palladium precursor to yield 5-membered complexes C1 and C2, respectively. In contrast, L2A upon treatment with palladium produced a 6-membered metal complex C3. Thus, a small library of 7 palladium complexes (C1-C7) were synthesized by varying the donor moiety (pyridine, DMSO, and acetonitrile). The identity of palladium complexes was unambiguously ascertained using a combination of spectroscopic and analytical methods, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The performance of the complexes C1-C7 was investigated in ethylene oligomerization and almost all of them were found to be active. The resultant ethylene oligomers were characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, MALDI-ToF-MS, and GPC. Detailed screening of reaction parameters revealed 100 °C and 40 bars ethylene to be optimal conditions. Complex C5 outperformed other complexes and produced ethylene oligomers with a molecular weight of 1000-1900 g mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh R Mote
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
| | - Shahaji R Gaikwad
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
| | - Kishor V Khopade
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Center for Materials Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Samir H Chikkali
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
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14
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Wang Z, Liu L, Ma X, Liu Y, Mi P, Liu Z, Zhang J. Effect of an additional donor on decene formation in ethylene oligomerization catalyzed by a Cr/PCCP system: a combined experimental and DFT study. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cr catalyst based on a PCCP ligand shows high activity in ethylene oligomerization, giving 1-hexene and considerable C10 fraction. DFT calculation results are consistent with the experimental observations on the distribution of C10 isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Xufeng Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Puke Mi
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
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15
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Chabbra S, Smith DM, Bell NL, Watson AJB, Bühl M, Cole-Hamilton DJ, Bode BE. First experimental evidence for a bis-ethene chromium(I) complex forming from an activated ethene oligomerization catalyst. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabd7057. [PMID: 33355141 PMCID: PMC11206192 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A bis-ethene chromium(I) species, which is the postulated key intermediate in the widely accepted metallacyclic mechanism for ethene oligomerization, is experimentally observed. This catalytic transformation is an important commercial route to linear α-olefins (primarily, 1-hexene and 1-octene), which act as comonomers for the production of polyethene. Here, electron paramagnetic resonance studies of a catalytic system based on [Cr(CO)4(PNP)][Al(OC(CF3)3)4] [PNP = Ph2PN(iPr)PPh2] activated with Et6Al2 provide the first unequivocal evidence for a chromium(I) bis-ethene complex. The concentration of this species is enhanced under ethene and isotope labeling studies that confirm its composition as containing [Cr(C2H4)2(CO)2(PNP)]+ These observations open a new route to mechanistic studies of selective ethene oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chabbra
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
- Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - D M Smith
- Drochaid Research Services, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - N L Bell
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - A J B Watson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - M Bühl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
- Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - D J Cole-Hamilton
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - B E Bode
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK.
- Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
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Milani JL, Casagrande OL. Chromium Complexes Supported by Phenyl Ether‐Pyrazolyl [N,O] Ligands as Catalysts for the Oligo‐ and Polymerization of Ethylene. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L.S. Milani
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre RS 91501‐970 Brazil
| | - Osvaldo L. Casagrande
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre RS 91501‐970 Brazil
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17
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Gansukh B, Zhang Q, Bariashir C, Vignesh A, Ma Y, Liang T, Sun WH. Unifying Molecular Weights of Highly Linear Polyethylene Waxes through Unsymmetrical 2,4-Bis(imino)pyridylchromium Chlorides. Molecules 2020; 25:E5584. [PMID: 33261135 PMCID: PMC7731025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By dealing CrCl3∙3THF with the corresponding ligands (L1-L5), an array of fluoro-substituted chromium (III) chlorides (Cr1-Cr5) bearing 2-[1-(2,4-dibenzhydryl-6-fluoro- phenylimino)ethyl]-6-[1-(arylimino)ethyl]pyridine (aryl = 2,6-Me2Ph Cr1, 2,6-Et2Ph Cr2, 2,6-iPr2Ph Cr3, 2,4,6-Me3Ph Cr4, 2,6-Et2-4-MePh Cr5) was synthesized in good yield and validated via Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Besides the routine characterizations, the single-crystal X-ray diffraction study revealed the solid-state structures of complexes Cr2 and Cr4 as the distorted-octahedral geometry around the chromium center. Activated by either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all the chromium catalysts exhibited high activities toward ethylene polymerization with the MMAO-promoted polymerizations far more productive than with MAO (20.14 × 106 g (PE) mol-1 (Cr) h-1 vs. 10.03 × 106 g (PE) mol-1 (Cr) h-1). In both cases, the resultant polyethylenes were found as highly linear polyethylene waxes with low molecular weights around 1-2 kg mol-1 and narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD range: 1.68-2.25). In general, both the catalytic performance of the ortho-fluorinated chromium complexes and polymer properties have been the subject of a detailed investigation and proved to be highly dependent on the polymerization reaction parameters (including cocatalyst type and amount, reaction temperature, ethylene pressure and run time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Badral Gansukh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chantsalnyam Bariashir
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Arumugam Vignesh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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18
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Murai M, Taniguchi R, Takai K. Cyclization of 1,n-Enynes Initiated by the Addition Reaction of gem-Dichromiomethane Reagents to Alkynes. Org Lett 2020; 22:3985-3988. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Murai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryuji Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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19
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Rosenthal U. PNPN‐H in Comparison to other PNP, PNPN and NPNPN Ligands for the Chromium Catalyzed Selective Ethylene Oligomerization. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29 A 18059 Rostock Germany
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20
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Grauke R, Schepper R, Rabeah J, Schoch R, Bentrup U, Bauer M, Brückner A. Impact of Al Activators on Structure and Catalytic Performance of Cr Catalysts in Homogeneous Ethylene Oligomerization – A Multitechnique
in situ/operando
Study. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reni Grauke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an derUniversität Rostock (LIKAT) Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a Rostock 18059 Germany
| | - Rahel Schepper
- Department Chemie and Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD)Universität Paderborn Warburger Straße 100 Paderborn D-33098 Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an derUniversität Rostock (LIKAT) Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a Rostock 18059 Germany
| | - Roland Schoch
- Department Chemie and Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD)Universität Paderborn Warburger Straße 100 Paderborn D-33098 Germany
| | - Ursula Bentrup
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an derUniversität Rostock (LIKAT) Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a Rostock 18059 Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department Chemie and Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD)Universität Paderborn Warburger Straße 100 Paderborn D-33098 Germany
| | - Angelika Brückner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an derUniversität Rostock (LIKAT) Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a Rostock 18059 Germany
- Department Life, Light & Matter Faculty for Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of Rostock Albert-Einstein-Straße 25 Rostock 18059 Germany
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21
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Bariashir C, Wang Z, Solan GA, Huang C, Hao X, Sun WH. Chromium ethylene polymerization catalysts bearing sterically enhanced α,α′-bis(imino)-2,3:5,6-bis(pentamethylene)pyridines: Tuning activity and molecular weight. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Bariashir C, Huang C, Solan GA, Sun WH. Recent advances in homogeneous chromium catalyst design for ethylene tri-, tetra-, oligo- and polymerization. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Hirscher NA, Perez Sierra D, Agapie T. Robust Chromium Precursors for Catalysis: Isolation and Structure of a Single-Component Ethylene Tetramerization Precatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6022-6029. [PMID: 30871318 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have introduced a new class of stable organometallic Cr reagents (compounds 1-4) that are readily prepared, yet reactive enough to serve as precursors. They were used for ethylene tetramerization catalysis following stoichiometric activation by in situ protonation. This study highlights the importance of balancing stability with reactivity in generating an organometallic precursor that is useful in catalysis. Moreover, precursor 4 allowed for the isolation and crystallographic characterization of a room-temperature stable cationic species, (PNP)CrR2+ (R = o-C6H4(CH2)2OMe, PNP = iPrN(PPh2)2). This complex (5) may be used as a single component precatalyst, without any alkylaluminum reagents. This result provides an unprecedented level of insight into the kind of structures that must be produced from more complicated activation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael A Hirscher
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , MC 127-72, Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Danny Perez Sierra
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , MC 127-72, Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , MC 127-72, Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
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24
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Wang J, Liu J, Lan T, Chen L, Wang L. Selective ethylene oligomerization bearing hyperbranched bispyridylamine chromium catalyst. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1587164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tianyu Lan
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liduo Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Daqing Chemical Research Center of Petrochemical Research Institute, Daqing, China
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25
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Huang Y, Zhang R, Liang T, Hu X, Solan GA, Sun WH. Selectivity Effects on N,N,N′-Cobalt Catalyzed Ethylene Dimerization/Trimerization Dictated through Choice of Aluminoxane Cocatalyst. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Randi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinquan Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Orson L. Sydora
- Research & Technology, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP, Kingwood, Texas 77339, United States
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27
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Huang C, Vignesh A, Bariashir C, Ma Y, Sun Y, Sun WH. Achievement of strictly linear ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with narrow dispersity by dint of nitro-enhanced 2,6-bis(imino)pyridylchromium chloride complexes. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The influence of reaction parameters and the electronic/steric effects of chromium complexes on the catalytic performance was investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Arumugam Vignesh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Chantsalnyam Bariashir
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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28
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Hirscher NA, Labinger JA, Agapie T. Isotopic labelling in ethylene oligomerization: addressing the issue of 1-octene vs. 1-hexene selectivity. Dalton Trans 2018; 48:40-44. [PMID: 30516237 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The selectivity-determining mechanistic steps of ethylene tetramerization and trimerization are evaluated in light of isotopic labeling experiments. A mechanism based upon a shared chromacycloheptane intermediate rather than the C-C coupling of chromacyclopentanes or Cr speciation into independent trimerization and tetramerization catalysts is consistent with the data, including observed upper limits on 1-octene selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael A Hirscher
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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29
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Liu L, Liu Z, Cheng R, He X, Liu B. Unraveling the Effects of H2, N Substituents and Secondary Ligands on Cr/PNP-Catalyzed Ethylene Selective Oligomerization. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruihua Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuelian He
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boping Liu
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Nifant’ev IE, Vinogradov AA, Vinogradov AA, Roznyatovsky VA, Grishin YK, Ivanyuk AV, Sedov IV, Churakov AV, Ivchenko PV. 5,6-Dihydrodibenzo[c,e][1,2]azaphosphinine-Based PNP Ligands, Cr(0) Coordination, and Cr(III) Precatalysts for Ethylene Oligomerization. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant’ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Vinogradov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A. Vinogradov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly A. Roznyatovsky
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri K. Grishin
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V. Ivanyuk
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V. Sedov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Academician Semenov pr. 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Leninsky pr. 31, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Leninsky pr. 29, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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31
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Copéret C, Allouche F, Chan KW, Conley MP, Delley MF, Fedorov A, Moroz IB, Mougel V, Pucino M, Searles K, Yamamoto K, Zhizhko PA. Bridging the Gap between Industrial and Well‐Defined Supported Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6398-6440. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Florian Allouche
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Murielle F. Delley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de FranceUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75005 Paris France
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Vavilov street 28 119991 Moscow Russia
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32
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Copéret C, Allouche F, Chan KW, Conley MP, Delley MF, Fedorov A, Moroz IB, Mougel V, Pucino M, Searles K, Yamamoto K, Zhizhko PA. Eine Brücke zwischen industriellen und wohldefinierten Trägerkatalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Florian Allouche
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Murielle F. Delley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Victor Mougel
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de FranceUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75005 Paris Frankreich
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Keith Searles
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- A. N. Nesmeyanow-Institut für Elementorganische VerbindungenRussische Akademie der Wissenschaften Vavilov str. 28 119991 Moskau Russland
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33
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Newland RJ, Smith A, Smith DM, Fey N, Hanton MJ, Mansell SM. Accessing Alkyl- and Alkenylcyclopentanes from Cr-Catalyzed Ethylene Oligomerization Using 2-Phosphinophosphinine Ligands. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Newland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Alana Smith
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - David M. Smith
- Sasol Technology U.K., Ltd., Purdie Building,
North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Natalie Fey
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Martin J. Hanton
- Sasol Technology U.K., Ltd., Purdie Building,
North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Stephen M. Mansell
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
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34
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35
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Weliange NM, McGuinness DS, Gardiner MG, Patel J. Cobalt-bis(imino)pyridine complexes as catalysts for hydroalumination-isomerisation of internal olefins. Dalton Trans 2018; 45:10842-9. [PMID: 27296937 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01113f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The insertion of α- and internal octenes (hydroalumination) and chain walking isomerisation at di-n-octylaluminium hydride [Al(Oct)2H], catalysed by bis(imino)pyridine-Co complexes has been investigated by NMR spectroscopy. The Co-based catalysts promote efficient hydroalumination of 1-octene. Internal olefins are partially hydroaluminated, with isomerisation to the primary alkyls, but the catalyst responsible appears to deactivate rapidly. The reaction between the Co precatalysts and [Al(Oct)2H] generates a Co-hydride species, likely to be a hydride bridged dinuclear Co and Al complex. This species is reactive towards α-olefins but inert towards internal olefins. In contrast to hydroalumination, the catalysts promote efficient hydroboration, where insertion and isomerisation of internal octenes goes to completion. The differences between the systems may be partially ascribed to formation of an active mononuclear Co catalyst in the borane system versus a less active Co/Al dinuclear complex in hydroalumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita M Weliange
- School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Australia.
| | - David S McGuinness
- School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Australia.
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Australia.
| | - Jim Patel
- CSIRO Energy, 71 Normanby Rd, Clayton North 3169, Australia
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36
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Hirscher NA, Agapie T. Stoichiometrically Activated Catalysts for Ethylene Tetramerization using Diphosphinoamine-Ligated Cr Tris(hydrocarbyl) Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael A. Hirscher
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard MC
127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard MC
127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Murai M, Taniguchi R, Hosokawa N, Nishida Y, Mimachi H, Oshiki T, Takai K. Structural Characterization and Unique Catalytic Performance of Silyl-Group-Substituted Geminal Dichromiomethane Complexes Stabilized with a Diamine Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13184-13192. [PMID: 28814078 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization by a silyl group on the methylene carbon and a diamine ligand led to the isolation of gem-dichromiomethane species. X-ray crystallography confirmed the identity of the structure of this rare example of reactive gem-dimetalloalkane species. The isolated gem-dichromiomethane complex acted as a storable silylmethylidene carbene equivalent, with reactivity that could be changed dramatically upon addition of a Lewis acid (ZnCl2) and a base (TMEDA) to promote both silylalkylidenation of polar aldehydes and silylcyclopropanation of nonpolar alkenes. Identification of a key reactive species also identified the catalytic version of these transformations and provided insights into the reaction mechanism. In contrast to Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, the real reactive species for the current cyclopropanation was a chromiocarbene species, not a chromium carbenoid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Murai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ryuji Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Naoki Hosokawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishida
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroko Mimachi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Oshiki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, and ‡Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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38
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Highly active chromium-based selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by N,N-diphospholylamines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Nifant’ev I, Ivchenko P, Tavtorkin A, Vinogradov A, Vinogradov A. Non-traditional Ziegler-Natta catalysis in α-olefin transformations: reaction mechanisms and product design. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper describes our recent results in the field of zirconocene-catalyzed α-oltfin transformations, and focuses on questions regarding the reaction mechanism, rational design of zirconocene pre-catalysts, as well as prospective uses of α-olefin products. It has been determined that a wide range of α-olefin-based products, namely vinylidene dimers, oligomers and polymers, can be prepared via catalysis by zirconocene dichlorides, activated by a minimal (10–20 eq.) amount of MAO. We assumed that in the presence of minimal quantities of MAO, various types of zirconocene catalysts form different types of catalytic particles. In the case of bis-cyclopentadienyl complexes, the reactive center is formed under the influence of R2AlCl, which makes the chain termination via β-hydride elimination significantly easier, with α-olefin dimers being formed as the primary product. Bis-indenyl complexes and their heteroanalogues, form stable cationic catalytic particles and effectively catalyze the polymerization. Mono-indenyl and mono-substituted bis-cyclopentadienyl-ansa complexes catalyze α-olefin oligomerization. Effective catalysts of dimerization, oligomerization and polymerization of α-olefins in the presence of minimal MAO quantities are proposed. Prospects of using α-olefin dimers, oligomers and polymers in the synthesis of branched hydrocarbon functional derivatives (dimers), high quality, low viscosity motor oils (oligomers), and thickeners and absorbents (polymers) are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Moscow, Russia
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexey Vinogradov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Moscow, Russia
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40
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Zhang C, Song L, Wu H, Ji X, Jiao J, Zhang J. Ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by diphosphinothiophene ligands. Dalton Trans 2017. [PMID: 28621351 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cr(iii) catalysts supported by a series of diphosphinothiophene ligands have been developed, all of which, upon activation with MMAO-3A, are active for ethylene tri-/tetramerization. The effect of ligand substitution on the catalytic performance has been examined. The Cr precatalyst supported by the diphosphinothiophene ligand containing one trimethylsilyl group at the C2 position achieved a high activity of up to 686 kg (g Cr h-1)-1 with a total selectivity of up to 69% toward 1-hexene (29.5%) and 1-octene (39.5%). Two representative Cr complexes bearing the diphosphinothiophene ligand were synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Comparison of the coordination structure data of the two Cr complexes with those of an analogous diphosphine Cr complex reveals a direct correlation between the bond length of two adjacent bridging carbon atoms and catalytic activity: a shorter bond length and hence smaller ligand bite angle lead to higher catalytic activity. These diphosphinothiophene ligands featuring a fine-tuned backbone provide a model for the precise understanding of the impact of ligand variations on the catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengye Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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41
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Wang T, Zhang Q, Ding M, Wang C, Li Y, Zhang Q, Ma L. Bio-gasoline Production by Coupling of Biomass Catalytic Pyrolysis and Oligomerization Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Lifschitz AM, Hirscher NA, Lee HB, Buss JA, Agapie T. Ethylene Tetramerization Catalysis: Effects of Aluminum-Induced Isomerization of PNP to PPN Ligands. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejo M. Lifschitz
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Nathanael A. Hirscher
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Heui Beom Lee
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Joshua A. Buss
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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43
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Nomura K, Mitsudome T, Igarashi A, Nagai G, Tsutsumi K, Ina T, Omiya T, Takaya H, Yamazoe S. Synthesis of (Adamantylimido)vanadium(V) Dimethyl Complex Containing (2-Anilidomethyl)pyridine Ligand and Selected Reactions: Exploring the Oxidation State of the Catalytically Active Species in Ethylene Dimerization. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotohiro Nomura
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takato Mitsudome
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Atsushi Igarashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Go Nagai
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Ken Tsutsumi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ina
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI, SPring-8), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takuya Omiya
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hikaru Takaya
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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44
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Mansell SM. Catalytic applications of small bite-angle diphosphorus ligands with single-atom linkers. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:15157-15174. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03395h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diphosphorus ligands connected by a single atom (R2PEPR2; E = CR2, CCR2and NR) give chelating ligands with very small bite-angles as well as enable access to other properties such as bridging modes and hemilability. ThisPerspectivereviews the properties of diphosphorus ligands featuring a single-atom linker and their applications in catalysis, including transformations of alkenes and transfer hydrogenation and hydrogen-borrowing reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Mansell
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Heriot-Watt University
- Edinburgh
- UK
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45
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Simler T, Braunstein P, Danopoulos AA. Chromium(II) Pincer Complexes with Dearomatized PNP and PNC Ligands: A Comparative Study of Their Catalytic Ethylene Oligomerization Activity. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Simler
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177
CNRS) and ‡Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg CEDEX 67081, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177
CNRS) and ‡Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg CEDEX 67081, France
| | - Andreas A. Danopoulos
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177
CNRS) and ‡Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg CEDEX 67081, France
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46
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Britovsek GJP, McGuinness DS. A DFT Mechanistic Study on Ethylene Tri- and Tetramerization with Cr/PNP Catalysts: Single versus Double Insertion Pathways. Chemistry 2016; 22:16891-16896. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George J. P. Britovsek
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; Exhibition Rd, South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - David S. McGuinness
- School of Physical Sciences; University of Tasmania; Private Bag 75 Hobart 7001 Australia
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47
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Luo W, Li A, Liu S, Ye H, Li Z. 2-Benzimidazol-6-pyrazol-pyridine Chromium(III) Trichlorides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application for Ethylene Oligomerization and Polymerization. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Luo
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Antai Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Shaofeng Liu
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hongqi Ye
- Department
of Chemistry and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Li
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
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48
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Zheng M, Wu H, Zhang X, Zhang J. Heteroscorpionate bis-pyrazolyl ligands in Cr(III)-catalyzed ethylene oligomerization. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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49
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Fliedel C, Ghisolfi A, Braunstein P. Functional Short-Bite Ligands: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Applications of N-Functionalized Bis(diaryl/dialkylphosphino)amine-type Ligands. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9237-304. [PMID: 27456550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight how the diversity generated by N-substitution in the well-known short-bite ligand bis(diphenylphosphino)amine (DPPA) allows a fine-tuning of the ligand properties and offers a considerable scope for tailoring the properties and applications of their corresponding metal complexes. The various N-substituents include nitrogen-, oxygen-, phosphorus-, sulfur-, halogen-, and silicon-based functionalities and directly N-bound metals. Multiple DPPA-type ligands linked through an organic spacer and N-functionalized DRPA-type ligands, in which the PPh2 substituents are replaced by PR2 (R = alkyl, benzyl) groups, are also discussed. Owing to the considerable diversity of N-functionalized DPPA-type ligands available, the applications of their mono- and polynuclear metal complexes are very diverse and range from homogeneous catalysis with well-defined or in situ generated (pre)catalysts to heterogeneous catalysis and materials science. In particular, sustained interest for DPPA-type ligands has been motivated, at least in part, by their ability to promote selective ethylene tri- or tetramerization in combination with chromium. Ligands and metal complexes where the N-substituent is a pure hydrocarbon group (as opposed to N-functionalization) are outside the scope of this review. However, when possible, a comparison between the catalytic performances of N-functionalized systems with those of their N-substituted analogs will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Fliedel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg , 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC), CNRS-UPR 8241, 205 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31077 Cedex 4, France
| | - Alessio Ghisolfi
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg , 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg , 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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50
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Peulecke N, Müller BH, Spannenberg A, Höhne M, Rosenthal U, Wöhl A, Müller W, Alqahtani A, Al Hazmi M. Ligands with an NPNPN-framework and their application in chromium catalysed ethene tri-/tetramerization. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:8869-74. [PMID: 27151679 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01109h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Novel Cr(iii) catalysts supported by linear phosph(iii)azanes of the type R(1)R(2)N-P(Ph)-NR(3)-P(Ph)-NR(4)R(5) have been prepared, all of which, upon activation with MMAO-3A, are highly active for ethene tri-/tetramerization with considerable selectivity. The effect of ligand substitution as well as solvent on the catalytic performance has been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Peulecke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29 A, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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