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Dupont J, Leal BC, Lozano P, Monteiro AL, Migowski P, Scholten JD. Ionic Liquids in Metal, Photo-, Electro-, and (Bio) Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5227-5420. [PMID: 38661578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them advantageous for catalysis, such as low vapor pressure, non-flammability, high thermal and chemical stabilities, and the ability to enhance the activity and stability of (bio)catalysts. ILs can improve the efficiency, selectivity, and sustainability of bio(transformations) by acting as activators of enzymes, selectively dissolving substrates and products, and reducing toxicity. They can also be recycled and reused multiple times without losing their effectiveness. ILs based on imidazolium cation are preferred for structural organization aspects, with a semiorganized layer surrounding the catalyst. ILs act as a container, providing a confined space that allows modulation of electronic and geometric effects, miscibility of reactants and products, and residence time of species. ILs can stabilize ionic and radical species and control the catalytic activity of dynamic processes. Supported IL phase (SILP) derivatives and polymeric ILs (PILs) are good options for molecular engineering of greener catalytic processes. The major factors governing metal, photo-, electro-, and biocatalysts in ILs are discussed in detail based on the vast literature available over the past two and a half decades. Catalytic reactions, ranging from hydrogenation and cross-coupling to oxidations, promoted by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in both single and multiphase conditions, are extensively reviewed and discussed considering the knowledge accumulated until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, P.O. Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Bárbara C Leal
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Pedro Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, P.O. Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adriano L Monteiro
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Pedro Migowski
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Jackson D Scholten
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
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2
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Hanson MD, Simpson SM. Geometric and Electronic Effects in the Binding Affinity of Imidazole-Based N-Heterocyclic Carbenes to Cu(100)- and Ag(100)-Based Pd and Pt Single-Atom Alloy Surfaces. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37402-37412. [PMID: 37841151 PMCID: PMC10568601 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
We have conducted nonlocal periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) adsorbed to Pd/Cu(100), Pt/Cu(100), Pd/Ag(100), and Pt/Ag(100) single atom alloys (SAAs) utilizing the nonlocal optPBE-vdW functional. NHCs with electron donating groups (EDGs) are predicted to bind more strongly to the SAA surface compared to NHCs functionalized with electron withdrawing groups (EWGs). Our calculations show that NHCs typically bind to SAA geometries containing a small space between the heteroatom sites for the SAAs considered. Generally, this pattern is predicted to persist for a single NHCs or for a pair of NHCs bound to the SAA surfaces. Approximate linear relationships between NMR-based parameters and NHC-SAA binding energies are uncovered. We predict that the binding of NHCs to SAA surfaces is composition-dependent and heteroatom geometry dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Hanson
- Department
of Chemistry, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, New York 13214, United States
| | - Scott M. Simpson
- Department
of Chemistry, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, New York 14778, United States
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Hippolyte L, Sadek O, Ba Sowid S, Porcheron A, Bridonneau N, Blanchard S, Desage-El Murr M, Gatineau D, Gimbert Y, Mercier D, Marcus P, Chauvier C, Chanéac C, Ribot F, Fensterbank L. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes: Dual Reagents for the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301610. [PMID: 37265455 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have drawn considerable interest in the field of nanomaterials chemistry as highly stabilizing ligands enabling the formation of strong and covalent carbon-metal bonds. Applied to gold nanoparticles synthesis, the most common strategy consists of the reduction of a preformed NHC-AuI complex with a large excess of a reducing agent that makes the particle size difficult to control. In this paper, we report the straightforward synthesis of NHC-coated gold nanoparticles (NHC-AuNPs) by treating a commercially available gold(I) precursor with an easy-to-synthesize NHC-BH3 reagent. The latter acts as both the reducing agent and the source of surface ligands operating under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies including NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry demonstrate that the reduction of gold(I) generates NHC-BH2 Cl as a by-product. This strategy gives efficient control over the nucleation and growth of gold particles by varying the NHC-borane/gold(I) ratio, allowing unparalleled particle size variation over the range of 4.9±0.9 to 10.0±2.7 nm. Our strategy also allows an unprecedented precise and controlled seeded growth of gold nanoparticles. In addition, the as-prepared NHC-AuNPs exhibit narrow size distributions without the need for extensive purification or size-selectivity techniques, and are stable over months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hippolyte
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Omar Sadek
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Salem Ba Sowid
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Alexandre Porcheron
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Nathalie Bridonneau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), 91400, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Blanchard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Marine Desage-El Murr
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - David Gatineau
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 5250), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38050, Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Gimbert
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 5250), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38050, Grenoble, France
| | - Dimitri Mercier
- PSL Research University, CNRS - Chimie ParisTech, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Physical Chemistry of Surfaces Research Group, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Marcus
- PSL Research University, CNRS - Chimie ParisTech, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Physical Chemistry of Surfaces Research Group, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Clément Chauvier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Corinne Chanéac
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - François Ribot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Louis Fensterbank
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Richstein R, Eisen C, Ge L, Chalermnon M, Mayer F, Keppler BK, Chin JM, Reithofer MR. NHC stabilized copper nanoparticles via reduction of a copper NHC complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:9738-9741. [PMID: 37477599 PMCID: PMC10408246 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02745g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The bottom-up synthesis of plasmonic NHC@CuNPs from common starting reagents, via the formation of the synthetically accessible NHC-Cu(I)-Br complex and its reduction by NH3·BH3 is reported. The resulting NHC@CuNPs have been characterized in detail by XPS, TEM and NMR spectroscopy. The stability of NHC@CuNPs was investigated under both inert and ambient conditions using UV-Vis analysis. While the NHC@CuNPs are stable under inert conditions for an extended period of time, the NPs oxidize under air to form CuxO with concomitant release of the stabilizing NHC ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Richstein
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Constantin Eisen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Lingcong Ge
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Monnaya Chalermnon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Florian Mayer
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Jia Min Chin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry - Functional Materials, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Michael R Reithofer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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Martinez-Espinar F, Salom-Català A, Bresó-Femenia E, Claver C, Baletto F, Ricart JM, Chaudret B, Carbó JJ, Godard C, Castillon S. Bringing Selectivity in H/D Exchange Reactions Catalyzed by Metal Nanoparticles through Modulation of the Metal and the Ligand Shell. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4570-4580. [PMID: 36893373 PMCID: PMC10031563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Ru and Rh nanoparticles catalyze the selective H/D exchange in phosphines using D2 as the deuterium source. The position of the deuterium incorporation is determined by the structure of the P-based substrates, while activity depends on the nature of the metal, the properties of the stabilizing agents, and the type of the substituent on phosphorus. The appropriate catalyst can thus be selected either for the exclusive H/D exchange in aromatic rings or also for alkyl substituents. The selectivity observed in each case provides relevant information on the coordination mode of the ligand. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into the H/D exchange mechanism and reveal a strong influence of the phosphine structure on the selectivity. The isotope exchange proceeds via C-H bond activation at nanoparticle edges. Phosphines with strong coordination through the phosphorus atom such as PPh3 or PPh2Me show preferred deuteration at ortho positions of aromatic rings and at the methyl substituents. This selectivity is observed because the corresponding C-H moieties can interact with the nanoparticle surface while the phosphine is P-coordinated, and the C-H activation results in stable metallacyclic intermediates. For weakly coordinating phosphines such as P(o-tolyl)3, the interaction with the nanoparticle can occur directly through phosphine substituents, and then, other deuteration patterns are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Martinez-Espinar
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoni Salom-Català
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Emma Bresó-Femenia
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Departament de Química Analítica i Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Claver
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesca Baletto
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, Strand Building, Strand WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Josep M Ricart
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jorge J Carbó
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cyril Godard
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillon
- Departament de Química Analítica i Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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8
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Salvitti C, Chiarotto I, Pepi F, Troiani A. Charge-Tagged N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs): Revealing the Hidden Side of NHC-Catalysed Reactions through Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Chempluschem 2020; 86:209-223. [PMID: 33252194 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are key intermediates in a variety of chemical reactions. Owing to their transient nature, the interception and characterization of these reactive species have always been challenging. Similarly, the study of reaction mechanisms in which carbenes act as catalysts is still an active research field. This Minireview describes the contribution of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to the detection of charge-tagged NHCs resulting from the insertion of an ionic group into the molecular scaffold. The use of different mass spectrometric techniques, combined with the charge-tagging strategy, allowed clarification of the involvement of NHCs in archetypal reactions and the study of their intrinsic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Salvitti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Chiarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Castro Laurenziano 7, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Pepi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Troiani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
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Kathuria L, Din Reshi NU, Samuelson AG. N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Stabilized Ru 0 Nanoparticles: In Situ Generation of an Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation Catalyst. Chemistry 2020; 26:7622-7630. [PMID: 32048353 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tethered and untethered ruthenium half-sandwich complexes were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. X-ray crystallographic analysis of three untethered and two tethered Ru N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes were also carried out. These RuNHC complexes catalyze transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in 2-propanol under reflux, optimally in the presence of (25 mol %) KOH. Under these conditions, the formation of 2-3 nm-sized Ru0 nanoparticles was detected by TEM measurements. A solid-state NMR investigation of the nanoparticles suggested that the NHC ligands were bound to the surface of the Ru nanoparticles (NPs). This base-promoted route to NHC-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles directly from arene-tethered ruthenium-NHC complexes and from untethered ruthenium-NHC complexes is more convenient than previously known routes to NHC-stabilized Ru nanocatalysts. Similar catalytically active RuNPs were also generated from the reaction of a mixture of [RuCl2 (p-cymene)]2 and the NHC precursor with KOH in isopropanol under reflux. The transfer hydrogenation catalyzed by these NHC-stabilized RuNPs possess a high turnover number. The catalytic efficiency was significantly reduced if nanoparticles were exposed to air or allowed to aggregate and precipitate by cooling the reaction mixtures during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Kathuria
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Noor U Din Reshi
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Ashoka G Samuelson
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
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Tappan BA, Chen K, Lu H, Sharada SM, Brutchey RL. Synthesis and Electrocatalytic HER Studies of Carbene-Ligated Cu 3-xP Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:16394-16401. [PMID: 32174101 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are an important class of ligands capable of making strong carbon-metal bonds. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the study of carbene-ligated nanocrystals, primarily coinage metal nanocrystals, which have found application as catalysts for numerous reactions. The general ability of NHC ligands to positively affect the catalytic properties of other types of nanocrystal catalysts remains unknown. Herein, we present the first carbene-stabilized Cu3-xP nanocrystals. Inquiries into the mechanism of formation of NHC-ligated Cu3-xP nanocrystals suggest that crystalline Cu3-xP forms directly as a result of a high-temperature metathesis reaction between a tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine precursor and an NHC-CuBr precursor, the latter of which behaves as a source of both the carbene ligand and Cu+. To study the effect of the NHC surface ligands on the catalytic performance, we tested the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolving ability of the NHC-ligated Cu3-xP nanocrystals and found that they possess superior activity to analogous oleylamine-ligated Cu3-xP nanocrystals. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the NHC ligands minimize unfavorable electrostatic interactions between the copper phosphide surface and H+ during the first step of the hydrogen evolution reaction, which contributes to the superior performance of NHC-ligated Cu3-xP catalysts as compared to oleylamine-ligated Cu3-xP catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A Tappan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Keying Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Richard L Brutchey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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Iridium Nanoparticles for Hydrogenation Reactions. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kundu D, Chakma S, Pugazhenthi G, Banerjee T. Effect of thiocyanate‐based ionic liquids on the dehydrogenation of amine boranes: Experimental and molecular modeling studies. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Kundu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India
| | - Sankar Chakma
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal 462 066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Gopal Pugazhenthi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India
| | - Tamal Banerjee
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India
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Simon I, Hornung J, Barthel J, Thomas J, Finze M, Fischer RA, Janiak C. Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1754-1767. [PMID: 31501747 PMCID: PMC6720474 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
NiGa is a catalyst for the semihydrogenation of alkynes. Here we show the influence of different dispersion times before microwave-induced decomposition of the precursors on the phase purity, as well as the influence of the time of microwave-induced decomposition on the crystallinity of the NiGa nanoparticles. Microwave-induced co-decomposition of all-hydrocarbon precursors [Ni(COD)2] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and GaCp* (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) in the ionic liquid [BMIm][NTf2] selectively yields small intermetallic Ni/Ga nanocrystals of 5 ± 1 nm as derived from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and supported by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), selected-area energy diffraction (SAED) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). NiGa@[BMIm][NTf2] catalyze the semihydrogenation of 4-octyne to 4-octene with 100% selectivity towards (E)-4-octene over five runs, but with poor conversion values. IL-free, precipitated NiGa nanoparticles achieve conversion values of over 90% and selectivity of 100% towards alkene over three runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Simon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julius Hornung
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie TU München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Juri Barthel
- Gemeinschaftslabor für Elektronenmikroskopie RWTH-Aachen, Ernst Ruska-Centrum für Mikroskopie und Spektroskopie mit Elektronen, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Thomas
- Department Structure and Nano-/Micromechanics of Materials, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie TU München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Smith CA, Narouz MR, Lummis PA, Singh I, Nazemi A, Li CH, Crudden CM. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Materials Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4986-5056. [PMID: 30938514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become one of the most widely studied class of ligands in molecular chemistry and have found applications in fields as varied as catalysis, the stabilization of reactive molecular fragments, and biochemistry. More recently, NHCs have found applications in materials chemistry and have allowed for the functionalization of surfaces, polymers, nanoparticles, and discrete, well-defined clusters. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at recent advances in the use of NHCs for the development of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christene A Smith
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Mina R Narouz
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Paul A Lummis
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Ali Nazemi
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Chien-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, ITbM-WPI , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Chikusa 464-8601 , Japan
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15
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An Y, Yu J, Han Y. Recent Advances in the Chemistry of
N
‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Functionalized Metal‐Nanoparticles and Their Applications. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
| | - Jian‐Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000 China
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
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16
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Balbino JM, Dupont J, Bayón JC. Telomerization of 1,3-Butadiene with Carbon Dioxide: A Highly Efficient Process for δ-Lactone Generation. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João M. Balbino
- Institute of Chemistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 CEP-91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Department de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 CEP-91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - J. Carles Bayón
- Department de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
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17
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Martinez-Espinar F, Blondeau P, Nolis P, Chaudret B, Claver C, Castillón S, Godard C. NHC-stabilised Rh nanoparticles: Surface study and application in the catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic substrates. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Rodrigues TS, Lesage D, da Silva WA, Cole RB, Ebeling G, Dupont J, de Oliveira HCB, Eberlin MN, Neto BAD. Charge-tagged N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC): Direct transfer from ionic liquid solutions and long-lived nature in the gas phase. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1021-1029. [PMID: 28389984 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Negatively charge-tagged N-heterocyclic carbenes have been formed in solution via deprotonation of imidazolium ions bearing acid side groups and transferred to the gas phase via ESI(-)-MS. The structure of the putative and apparently stable gaseous carbenes formed in such conditions were then probed via reactions with carbon dioxide using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer particularly optimized for ion/molecule reactions of ESI-generated ions. Complete conversion to imidazolium carboxylates was achieved, which seems to demonstrate the efficiency of the transfer, the gas-phase stability, and the long-lived nature of these unprecedented charge-tagged carbenes and their predominance in the ionic population. Comprehensive studies on the intrinsic reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbenes with silent charge tags are therefore possible. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thyago S Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904970, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Denis Lesage
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Wender A da Silva
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904970, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Richard B Cole
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Günter Ebeling
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaïrton Dupont
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Heibbe C B de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904970, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcos N Eberlin
- Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904970, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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19
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Möller N, Rühling A, Lamping S, Hellwig T, Fallnich C, Ravoo BJ, Glorius F. Stabilization of High Oxidation State Upconversion Nanoparticles by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4356-4360. [PMID: 28300327 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The stabilization of high oxidation state nanoparticles by N-heterocyclic carbenes is reported. Such nanoparticles represent an important subset in the field of nanoparticles, with different and more challenging requirements for suitable ligands compared to elemental metal nanoparticles. N-Heterocyclic carbene coated NaYF4 :Yb,Tm upconversion nanoparticles were synthesized by a ligand-exchange reaction from a well-defined precursor. This new photoactive material was characterized in detail and employed in the activation of photoresponsive molecules by low-intensity near-infrared light (λ=980 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Möller
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 4, 8149, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Rühling
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 4, 8149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lamping
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 4, 8149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Hellwig
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Angewandte Physik, Corrensstrasse 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Fallnich
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Angewandte Physik, Corrensstrasse 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 4, 8149, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 4, 8149, Münster, Germany
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20
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Möller N, Rühling A, Lamping S, Hellwig T, Fallnich C, Ravoo BJ, Glorius F. Stabilisierung von hochoxidierten Upconversion-Nanopartikeln mit N-heterocyclischen Carbenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Möller
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Andreas Rühling
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Lamping
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tim Hellwig
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Angewandte Physik; Corrensstraße 2 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Carsten Fallnich
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Angewandte Physik; Corrensstraße 2 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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21
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Zanatta M, dos Santos FP, Biehl C, Marin G, Ebeling G, Netz PA, Dupont J. Organocatalytic Imidazolium Ionic Liquids H/D Exchange Catalysts. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2622-2629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcileia Zanatta
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco P. dos Santos
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Cristina Biehl
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Graciane Marin
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Gunter Ebeling
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo A. Netz
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry − UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Agronomia 91501-970, Brazil
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
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22
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Ali M, Gual A, Ebeling G, Dupont J. Carbon Dioxide Transformation in Imidazolium Salts: Hydroaminomethylation Catalyzed by Ru-Complexes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2129-2134. [PMID: 27390123 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic species generated by dissolving Ru3 (CO)12 in the ionic liquids 1-n-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride or 1-n-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-imidazolium chloride are efficient multifunctional catalysts for: (a) reverse water-gas shift, (b) hydroformylation of alkenes, and (c) reductive amination of aldehydes. Thus the reaction of alkenes with primary or secondary amines (alkene/amine, 1:1) under CO2 /H2 (1:1) affords the hydroaminomethylations products in high alkene conversions (up to 99 %) and selectivities (up to 96 %). The reaction proceeds under relatively mild reaction conditions (120 °C, 60 bar=6 MPa) and affords selectively secondary and tertiary amines. The presence of amine strongly reduces the alkene hydrogenation competitive pathway usually observed in the hydroformylation of terminal alkenes by Ru complexes. The catalytic system is also highly active for the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones yielding amines in high yields (>90 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Ali
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 RS, Brazil
| | - Aitor Gual
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 RS, Brazil
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gunter Ebeling
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 RS, Brazil
| | - Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 RS, Brazil. ,
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK. ,
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23
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Roland S, Ling X, Pileni MP. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands for Au Nanocrystal Stabilization and Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7683-96. [PMID: 27412075 PMCID: PMC4980691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as a new class of ligands for materials chemistry that appears particularly relevant for the stabilization and functionalization of metal nanoparticles (NPs). The particular properties and high synthetic flexibility of NHCs make them highly attractive tools for the development of new (nano)materials and the fundamental study of their properties. The relationships between the NHC structure and NP structure/properties, including physical, biological, and self-assembly properties, remain largely unknown. In the past decade, many efforts have been made to gain more fundamental understanding in this area. In this feature article, we present our contribution in this field focusing on the formation of NHC-coated Au nanocrystals (NCs), their stability, and their ability to self-assemble into 3D crystalline structures called supracrystals. First, the formation of NHC-stabilized Au NCs is discussed by comparing different NHC structures, NHC-based Au precursors, and synthesis methods. This study shows the major role of the NHC structure in obtaining both stable NHC-coated Au NCs and narrow size distributions. In a second part, a comparative study of the oxygen resistance of NHC- and thiol-coated NCs is presented, demonstrating the enhanced stability of NHC-coated Au NCs to oxygen-based treatments. Finally, the self-assembly of NHC-coated Au NCs into 3D Au superlattices is presented. The formation of large organized domains of several micrometers is described from the design of NHCs tailored with long alkyl chains. In these different contexts, efforts have been made to gain a more in-depth understanding of the behavior of NHC ligands at the surface of NCs. These results show that the NHC-based approach to nanomaterials has many assets for opening a new research area in the supracrystal world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Roland
- Institut Parisien
de Chimie Moléculaire, Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR CNRS 8232, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Xiang Ling
- Institut Parisien
de Chimie Moléculaire, Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR CNRS 8232, F-75005 Paris, France
- MONARIS,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR CNRS 8233, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Paule Pileni
- MONARIS,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR CNRS 8233, F-75005 Paris, France
- CEA/IRAMIS, CEA
Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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24
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Ling X, Schaeffer N, Roland S, Pileni MP. Superior Oxygen Stability of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Coated Au Nanocrystals: Comparison with Dodecanethiol. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12873-82. [PMID: 26550843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The stability of Au nanocrystals (NCs) coated with different N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) or dodecanethiol (DDT) to oxygen-based treatments was investigated. A dominant effect of the ligand type was observed with a significantly greater oxygen resistance of NHC-coated Au NCs compared to that of the thiol-based analogues. NHC-coated Au NCs are stable to 10 W oxygen plasma etching for up to 180 s whereas the integrity of DDT-coated Au NCs is strongly affected by the same treatment from 60-80 s. In the latter case, the average size of the NCs (from 2.6 to 6.3 nm) and the method of synthesis have no effect on the stability. NHC-coated Au NCs were found to generate of a smaller quantity of ligand-derived species under molecular oxygen treatment, which could account for the increased stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ling
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR 8233, MONARIS, F-75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8233, MONARIS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Schaeffer
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR 8233, MONARIS, F-75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8233, MONARIS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Roland
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Paule Pileni
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC-Univ Paris 6, UMR 8233, MONARIS, F-75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8233, MONARIS, F-75005 Paris, France
- CEA/IRAMIS, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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26
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Balbino JM, Peral D, Bayón JC, Dupont J. The Multiple Roles of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids in Transition-Metal Catalysis: The Palladium-Catalyzed Telomerization of 1,3-Butadiene with Acetic Acid. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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López-Vinasco AM, Guerrero-Ríos I, Favier I, Pradel C, Teuma E, Gómez M, Martin E. Tuning the hydrogen donor/acceptor behavior of ionic liquids in Pd-catalyzed multi-step reactions. CATAL COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Rodríguez-Castillo M, Laurencin D, Tielens F, van der Lee A, Clément S, Guari Y, Richeter S. Reactivity of gold nanoparticles towards N-heterocyclic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:5978-82. [PMID: 24435042 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53579g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of gold nanoparticles with benzimididazol-2-ylidene ligands leads to the formation of well-defined bis-carbene gold(i) complexes, as shown by characterization techniques such as powder XRD and solid state NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez-Castillo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM2-UM1, Place E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
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Le Vot S, Dambournet D, Groult H, Ngo AT, Petit C, Rizzi C, Salzemann C, Sirieix-Plenet J, Borkiewicz OJ, Raymundo-Piñero E, Gaillon L. Synthesis of tin nanocrystals in room temperature ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:18025-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02289k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zanatta M, Girard AL, Simon NM, Ebeling G, Stassen HK, Livotto PR, dos Santos FP, Dupont J. The Formation of Imidazolium Salt Intimate (Contact) Ion Pairs in Solution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:12817-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Zanatta M, Girard AL, Simon NM, Ebeling G, Stassen HK, Livotto PR, dos Santos FP, Dupont J. The Formation of Imidazolium Salt Intimate (Contact) Ion Pairs in Solution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Ali M, Gual A, Ebeling G, Dupont J. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Alkenes by using Carbon Dioxide as the Carbon Monoxide Source in the Presence of Ionic Liquids. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sahler S, Sturm S, Kessler MT, Prechtl MHG. The Role of Ionic Liquids in Hydrogen Storage. Chemistry 2014; 20:8934-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Schütte K, Doddi A, Kroll C, Meyer H, Wiktor C, Gemel C, van Tendeloo G, Fischer RA, Janiak C. Colloidal nickel/gallium nanoalloys obtained from organometallic precursors in conventional organic solvents and in ionic liquids: noble-metal-free alkyne semihydrogenation catalysts. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:5532-5544. [PMID: 24733576 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to replace noble-metal catalysts by low-cost alternatives are of constant interest. The organometallic, non-aqueous wet-chemical synthesis of various hitherto unknown nanocrystalline Ni/Ga intermetallic materials and the use of NiGa for the selective semihydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes are reported. Thermal co-hydrogenolysis of the all-hydrocarbon precursors [Ni(COD)2] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and GaCp* (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) in high-boiling organic solvents mesitylene and n-decane in molar ratios of 1 : 1, 2 : 3 and 3 : 1 yields the nano-crystalline powder materials of the over-all compositions NiGa, Ni2Ga3 and Ni3Ga, respectively. Microwave induced co-pyrolysis of the same precursors without additional hydrogen in the ionic liquid [BMIm][BF4] (BMIm = 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) selectively yields the intermetallic phases NiGa and Ni3Ga from the respective 1 : 1 and 3 : 1 molar ratios of the precursors. The obtained materials are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), IR, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The single-source precursor [Ni(GaCp*)(PMe3)3] with a fixed Ni : Ga stoichiometry of 1 : 1 was employed as well. In comparison with the co-hydrogenolytic dual precursor source approach it turned out to be less practical due to inefficient nickel incorporation caused by the parasitic formation of stable [Ni(PMe3)4]. The use of ionic liquid [BMIm][BF4] as a non-conventional solvent to control the reaction and stabilize the nanoparticles proved to be particularly advantageous and stable colloids of the nanoalloys NiGa and Ni3Ga were obtained. A phase-selective Ni/Ga colloid synthesis in conventional solvents and in the presence of surfactants such as hexadecylamine (HDA) was not feasible due to the undesired reactivity of HDA with GaCp* leading to inefficient gallium incorporation. Recyclable NiGa nanoparticles selectively semihydrogenate 1-octyne and diphenylacetylene (tolan) to 1-octene and diphenylethylene, respectively, with a yield of about 90% and selectivities of up to 94 and 87%. Ni-NPs yield alkanes with a selectivity of 97 or 78%, respectively, under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Schütte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Guerrero-Ríos I, Martin E. Catalyst life in imidazolium-based ionic liquids for palladium-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7533-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00169a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highlighting the reactivity of palladium species in catalytic asymmetric allylic alkylation using imidazolium-based ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Guerrero-Ríos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- , México
| | - E. Martin
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- , México
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38
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Pieters G, Taglang C, Bonnefille E, Gutmann T, Puente C, Berthet JC, Dugave C, Chaudret B, Rousseau B. Regioselective and Stereospecific Deuteration of Bioactive Aza Compounds by the Use of Ruthenium Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Pieters G, Taglang C, Bonnefille E, Gutmann T, Puente C, Berthet JC, Dugave C, Chaudret B, Rousseau B. Regioselective and stereospecific deuteration of bioactive aza compounds by the use of ruthenium nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:230-4. [PMID: 24254536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An efficient H/D exchange method allowing the deuteration of pyridines, quinolines, indoles, and alkyl amines with D2 in the presence of Ru@PVP nanoparticles is described. By a general and simple procedure involving mild reaction conditions and simple filtration to recover the labeled product, the isotopic labeling of 22 compounds proceeded in good yield with high chemo- and regioselectivity. The viability of this procedure was demonstrated by the labeling of eight biologically active compounds. Remarkably, enantiomeric purity was conserved in the labeled compounds, even though labeling took place in the vicinity of the stereogenic center. The level of isotopic enrichment observed is suitable for metabolomic studies in most cases. This approach is also perfectly adapted to tritium labeling because it uses a gas as an isotopic source. Besides these applications to molecules of biological interest, this study reveals a rich and underestimated chemistry on the surface of ruthenium nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Pieters
- CEA Saclay, SCBM, iBiTec-S, Building 547, PC # 108, 91191 Gif sur Yvette (France)
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40
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Dioxygen oxidation of 1-phenylethanol with gold nanoparticles and N-hydroxyphthalimide in ionic liquid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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41
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On the stabilisation and surface properties of soluble transition-metal nanoparticles in non-functionalised imidazolium-based ionic liquids. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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43
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Naumann S, Schmidt FG, Schowner R, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Polymerization of methyl methacrylate by latent pre-catalysts based on CO2-protected N-heterocyclic carbenes. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00073g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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The Nature of Metal Catalysts in Ionic Liquids: Homogeneous vs Heterogeneous Reactions. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2013_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Feng B, Chen C, Yang H, Zhao X, Hua L, Yu Y, Cao T, Shi Y, Hou Z. Ionic Liquid-Promoted Oxidant-Free Dehydrogenation of Alcohols with Water-Soluble Ruthenium Nanoparticles in Aqueous Phase. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Gual A, Godard C, Castillón S, Curulla-Ferré D, Claver C. Colloidal Ru, Co and Fe-nanoparticles. Synthesis and application as nanocatalysts in the Fischer–Tropsch process. Catal Today 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Planellas M, Pleixats R, Shafir A. Palladium Nanoparticles in Suzuki Cross-Couplings: Tapping into the Potential of Tris-Imidazolium Salts for Nanoparticle Stabilization. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Lalli PM, Rodrigues TS, Arouca AM, Eberlin MN, Neto BAD. N-heterocyclic carbenes with negative-charge tags: direct sampling from ionic liquid solutions. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01360f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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49
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Luska KL, Moores A. Rational size control of gold nanoparticles employing an organometallic precursor [Au-C≡C- t-Bu]4 and tunable thiolate-functionalized ionic liquids in organic medium. CAN J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) stabilized with six different thiolate-functionalized ionic liquids (TFILs) were synthesized in an organic solvent. The size and optical properties of the TFIL-stabilized Au NPs can be rationally controlled by altering the N-alkyl chain length and (or) the counteranion of the TFIL-stabilizing ligand. Au NPs were prepared from the reduction of a gold precursor (HAuCl4 or [Au-C≡C-t-Bu]4) employing NaBH4 in the presence of the different disulfide precursors. A model, based on Israelachvili theory, is proposed to account for the dependence of NP size on the N-alkyl chain length and the counteranion of the surfactantlike TFIL stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie L. Luska
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada
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50
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Scholten JD, Leal BC, Dupont J. Transition Metal Nanoparticle Catalysis in Ionic Liquids. ACS Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/cs200525e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson D. Scholten
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre,
91501-970 RS Brazil
| | - Bárbara Caroline Leal
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre,
91501-970 RS Brazil
| | - Jairton Dupont
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre,
91501-970 RS Brazil
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