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Akhmadeev BS, Gerasimova TP, Gilfanova AR, Katsyuba SA, Islamova LN, Fazleeva GM, Kalinin AA, Daminova AG, Fedosimova SV, Amerhanova SK, Voloshina AD, Tanysheva EG, Sinyashin OG, Mustafina AR. Temperature-sensitive emission of dialkylaminostyrylhetarene dyes and their incorporation into phospholipid aggregates: Applicability for thermal sensing and cellular uptake behavior. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 268:120647. [PMID: 34840053 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of dialkylaminostyrylhetarene dyes constructed from electron-rich and electron-deficient moieties of various structures connected via vinylene π-bridges are introduced as temperature-sensitive luminophores. The temperature dependent emission of the dyes in the acidified dichloromethane solutions derives from temperature-induced shift of the equilibrium between neutral and protonated forms of the dyes. The heating-induced blue shift and intensification of emission of neutral form of the dyes make them a promising basis for development of nanoparticles exhibiting temperature-sensitivity in aqueous solutions at pH typical of biological liquids. Hydrophobicity-driven incorporation of the water insoluble dyes into L-α-phosphatidylcholine(PC)-based bilayers allows to obtain water dispersible dye-PC aggregates, and to follow their emission in the aqueous solutions. Structure of the dyes has strong impact on the efficacy of the dyes incorporation into the PC-based bilayers, temperature sensitivity of emission of the dye-PC aggregates and its reversibility under the heating/cooling cycles. This enables structural optimization of the dyes in order to obtain the dye-PC species demonstrating maximal temperature dependence and reversibility of their luminescence in aqueous solutions. The selected leader exhibits low cytotoxicity exemplified for M-HeLa and Chang Liver cell lines, while the efficient cell internalization of the dye, manifested in the staining of the cell cytoplasm, opens further opportunities for biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Akhmadeev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - T P Gerasimova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A R Gilfanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - S A Katsyuba
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - L N Islamova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - G M Fazleeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A A Kalinin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A G Daminova
- Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya st., 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - S V Fedosimova
- Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya st., 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - S K Amerhanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A D Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - E G Tanysheva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - O G Sinyashin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A R Mustafina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov st., 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
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Zhou Y, Ding M, Nagel G, Konrad KR, Gao S. Advances and prospects of rhodopsin-based optogenetics in plant research. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:572-589. [PMID: 35237820 PMCID: PMC8491038 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbial rhodopsins have advanced optogenetics since the discovery of channelrhodopsins almost two decades ago. During this time an abundance of microbial rhodopsins has been discovered, engineered, and improved for studies in neuroscience and other animal research fields. Optogenetic applications in plant research, however, lagged largely behind. Starting with light-regulated gene expression, optogenetics has slowly expanded into plant research. The recently established all-trans retinal production in plants now enables the use of many microbial opsins, bringing extra opportunities to plant research. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of rhodopsin-based plant optogenetics and provide a perspective for future use, combined with fluorescent sensors to monitor physiological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Meiqi Ding
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Georg Nagel
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Kai R. Konrad
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Shiqiang Gao
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97070, Germany
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Ilina K, Henary M. Cyanine Dyes Containing Quinoline Moieties: History, Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Applications. Chemistry 2021; 27:4230-4248. [PMID: 33137212 PMCID: PMC9832344 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanine dyes carrying quinoline moieties are an important class of organic molecules that are of great interest for applications in many fields like medicine, pharmacology, and engineering. Despite their exceptional properties, such as stability, high molar extinction coefficients, and high pH-sensitivity, this class of dyes has been less analyzed and reviewed in the last few decades. Therefore, this review article focuses on discussing the history of quinoline compounds, various synthetic routes to prepare quinolinium salts and symmetrical and asymmetrical mono-, di-, tri-, penta- and heptamethine cyanine dyes, containing quinoline moieties, together with their optical properties and applications as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy, probes in biomolecules for labeling of nucleic acids, as well as imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ilina
- Department of Chemistry, Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE Atlanta, GA 30303 (USA)
| | - Maged Henary
- Department of Chemistry, Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE Atlanta, GA 30303 (USA),Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 (USA)
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D-π-A'-π-A chromophores with quinoxaline core in the π-electron bridge and charged heterocyclic acceptor moiety: Synthesis, DFT calculations, photophysical and electro-chemical properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Wang MQ, Xu J, Zhang L, Liao Y, Wei H, Yin YY, Liu Q, Zhang Y. Tuning the selectivity of N-alkylated styrylquinolinium dyes for sensing of G-quadruplex DNA. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 27:552-559. [PMID: 30611633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Selective and sensitive detection of G-quadruplex DNA structures is an important issue and attracts extensive interest. To this end, numerous small molecular fluorescent probes have been designed. Here, we present a series of N-alkylated styrylquinolinium dyes named Ls-1, Ls-2 and Ls-3 with varying side groups at the chain end. We found that these dyes exhibited different binding behaviors to DNAs, and Ls-2 with a sulfonato group at the chain end displayed sensitivity and selectivity to G-quadruplex DNA structures in vitro. The characteristics of this dye and its interaction with G-quadruplex DNA were comprehensively investigated by means of UV-vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence, circular dichroism and molecular docking. Furthermore, confocal fluorescence images and MTT assays indicated dye Ls-2 could pass through membrane and enter the living HepG2 cells with low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Lan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yue Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Heng Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
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Wang D, Jin Y, Zhu X, Yan D. Synthesis and applications of stimuli-responsive hyperbranched polymers. Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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López-Duarte I, Chairatana P, Wu Y, Pérez-Moreno J, Bennett PM, Reeve JE, Boczarow I, Kaluza W, Hosny NA, Stranks SD, Nicholas RJ, Clays K, Kuimova MK, Anderson HL. Thiophene-based dyes for probing membranes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3792-802. [PMID: 25703541 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02507e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of four new cationic dipolar push–pull dyes, together with an evaluation of their photophysical and photobiological characteristics pertinent to imaging membranes by fluorescence and second harmonic generation (SHG). All four dyes consist of an N,N-diethylaniline electron-donor conjugated to a pyridinium electron-acceptor via a thiophene bridge, with either vinylene (–CH=CH–) or ethynylene (–C≡C–) linking groups, and with either singly-charged or doubly-charged pyridinium terminals. The absorption and fluorescence behavior of these dyes were compared to a commercially available fluorescent membrane stain, the styryl dye FM4-64. The hyperpolarizabilities of all dyes were compared using hyper-Rayleigh scattering at 800 nm. Cellular uptake, localization, toxicity and phototoxicity were evaluated using tissue cell cultures (HeLa, SK-OV-3 and MDA-231). Replacing the central alkene bridge of FM4-64 with a thiophene does not substantially change the absorption, fluorescence or hyperpolarizability, whereas changing the vinylene-links to ethynylenes shifts the absorption and fluorescence to shorter wavelengths, and reduces the hyperpolarizability by about a factor of two. SHG and fluorescence imaging experiments in live cells showed that the doubly-charged thiophene dyes localize in plasma membranes, and exhibit lower internalization rates compared to FM4-64, resulting in less signal from the cell cytosol. At a typical imaging concentration of 1 μM, the doubly-charged dyes showed no significant light or dark toxicity, whereas the singly-charged dyes are phototoxic even at 0.5 μM. The doubly-charged dyes showed phototoxicity at concentrations greater than 10 μM, although they do not generate singlet oxygen, indicating that the phototoxicity is type I rather than type II. The doubly-charged thiophene dyes are more effective than FM4-64 as SHG dyes for live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael López-Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK OX1 3TA.
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Horobin R, Stockert J, Rashid-Doubell F. Uptake and localization mechanisms of fluorescent and colored lipid probes. Part 2. QSAR models that predict localization of fluorescent probes used to identify (“specifically stain”) various biomembranes and membranous organelles. Biotech Histochem 2015; 90:241-54. [DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2015.1005129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Optical mapping of optogenetically shaped cardiac action potentials. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6125. [PMID: 25135113 PMCID: PMC4137261 DOI: 10.1038/srep06125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-mediated silencing and stimulation of cardiac excitability, an important complement to electrical stimulation, promises important discoveries and therapies. To date, cardiac optogenetics has been studied with patch-clamp, multielectrode arrays, video microscopy, and an all-optical system measuring calcium transients. The future lies in achieving simultaneous optical acquisition of excitability signals and optogenetic control, both with high spatio-temporal resolution. Here, we make progress by combining optical mapping of action potentials with concurrent activation of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) or halorhodopsin (eNpHR3.0), via an all-optical system applied to monolayers of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM). Additionally, we explore the capability of ChR2 and eNpHR3.0 to shape action-potential waveforms, potentially aiding the study of short/long QT syndromes that result from abnormal changes in action potential duration (APD). These results show the promise of an all-optical system to acquire action potentials with precise temporal optogenetics control, achieving a long-sought flexibility beyond the means of conventional electrical stimulation.
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Salama G, Akar FG. Deciphering Arrhythmia Mechanisms - Tools of the Trade. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2011; 3:11-21. [PMID: 21572551 PMCID: PMC3093299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2010.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pathophysiological remodeling of cardiac function occurs at multiple levels, spanning the spectrum from molecular and sub-cellular changes to those occurring at the organ-system levels. Of key importance to arrhythmias are changes in electrophysiological and calcium handling properties at the tissue level. In this review, we discuss how high-resolution optical action potential and calcium transient imaging has advanced our understanding of basic arrhythmia mechanisms associated with multiple cardiovascular disorders, including the long QT syndrome, heart failure, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. We focus on the role of repolarization gradients (section 1) and calcium mediated triggers (section 2) in the initiation and maintenance of complex arrhythmias in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Salama
- University of Pittsburgh, The Cardiovascular Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261
| | - Fadi G. Akar
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, Tel: 212-241-9251; FAX: 212-241-4080
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Dash BP, Satapathy R, Gaillard ER, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS. Synthesis and properties of carborane-appended C(3)-symmetrical extended pi systems. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:6578-87. [PMID: 20397701 DOI: 10.1021/ja101845m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of C(3)-symmetric pi-conjugated compounds containing three to six o-carborane clusters have been synthesized by employing palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions and palladium-catalyzed acetylation reactions, followed by silicon tetrachloride mediated trimerization reactions. Carborane-containing extended trimers were found to emit blue light. Incorporation of o-carborane clusters into extended pi-conjugated systems led to 22-70% enhancement of their relative fluorescence quantum yields. Decapitation of o-carborane clusters made these extended trimers water soluble, and their aqueous solutions were also found to be fluorescent, but with a reduced fluorescence intensity. The carborane-appended pi-conjugated compounds are found to be extremely thermally stable, and for some of these compounds only 10% mass loss occurred at temperatures close to 500 degrees C. The DSC thermograms of smaller C(cage)-appended trimers indicate the occurrence of solid-solid phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barada Prasanna Dash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115-2862, USA
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Attin M, Clusin WT. Basic concepts of optical mapping techniques in cardiac electrophysiology. Biol Res Nurs 2009; 11:195-207. [PMID: 19617237 DOI: 10.1177/1099800409338516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optical mapping is a tool used in cardiac electrophysiology to study the heart's normal rhythm and arrhythmias. The optical mapping technique provides a unique opportunity to obtain membrane potential recordings with a higher temporal and spatial resolution than electrical mapping. Additionally, it allows simultaneous recording of membrane potential and calcium transients in the whole heart. This article presents the basic concepts of optical mapping techniques as an introduction for students and investigators in experimental laboratories unfamiliar with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Attin
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
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Takagaki K, Lippert MT, Dann B, Wanger T, Ohl FW. Normalization of voltage-sensitive dye signal with functional activity measures. PLoS One 2008; 3:e4041. [PMID: 19116673 PMCID: PMC2612132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, signal amplitude in optical imaging is normalized using the well-established DeltaF/F method, where functional activity is divided by the total fluorescent light flux. This measure is used both directly, as a measure of population activity, and indirectly, to quantify spatial and spatiotemporal activity patterns. Despite its ubiquitous use, the stability and accuracy of this measure has not been validated for voltage-sensitive dye imaging of mammalian neocortex in vivo. In this report, we find that this normalization can introduce dynamic biases. In particular, the DeltaF/F is influenced by dye staining quality, and the ratio is also unstable over the course of experiments. As methods to record and analyze optical imaging signals become more precise, such biases can have an increasingly pernicious impact on the accuracy of findings, especially in the comparison of cytoarchitechtonic areas, in area-of-activation measurements, and in plasticity or developmental experiments. These dynamic biases of the DeltaF/F method may, to an extent, be mitigated by a novel method of normalization, DeltaF/DeltaF(epileptiform). This normalization uses as a reference the measured activity of epileptiform spikes elicited by global disinhibition with bicuculline methiodide. Since this normalization is based on a functional measure, i.e. the signal amplitude of "hypersynchronized" bursts of activity in the cortical network, it is less influenced by staining of non-functional elements. We demonstrate that such a functional measure can better represent the amplitude of population mass action, and discuss alternative functional normalizations based on the amplitude of synchronized spontaneous sleep-like activity. These findings demonstrate that the traditional DeltaF/F normalization of voltage-sensitive dye signals can introduce pernicious inaccuracies in the quantification of neural population activity. They further suggest that normalization-independent metrics such as waveform propagation patterns, oscillations in single detectors, and phase relationships between detector pairs may better capture the biological information which is obtained by high-sensitivity imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaroh Takagaki
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C., United
States of America
| | - Michael Thomas Lippert
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen,
Germany
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg,
Germany
| | - Benjamin Dann
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg,
Germany
| | - Tim Wanger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg,
Germany
| | - Frank W. Ohl
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg,
Germany
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