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Chen Z, Wang X, Du S, Liu Q, Xu Z, Guo Y, Lin X. A review on traditional Chinese medicine natural products and acupuncture intervention for Alzheimer's disease based on the neuroinflammatory. Chin Med 2024; 19:35. [PMID: 38419106 PMCID: PMC10900670 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with insidious onset and progressive development. It is clinically characterized by cognitive impairment, memory impairment and behavioral change. Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture are important components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and are commonly used in clinical treatment of AD. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine natural products and acupuncture treatment of AD, which combined with existing clinical and preclinical evidence, based on a comprehensive review of neuroinflammation, and discusses the efficacy and potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine natural products and acupuncture treatment of AD. Resveratrol, curcumin, kaempferol and other Chinese herbal medicine components can significantly inhibit the neuroinflammation of AD in vivo and in vitro, and are candidates for the treatment of AD. Acupuncture can alleviate the memory and cognitive impairment of AD by improving neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity, nerve cell apoptosis and reducing the production and aggregation of amyloid β protein (Aβ) in the brain. It has the characteristics of early, safe, effective and benign bidirectional adjustment. The purpose of this paper is to provide a basis for improving the clinical strategies of TCM for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Chen
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Simin Du
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
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Perluigi M, Di Domenico F, Butterfield DA. Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:103-197. [PMID: 37843394 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. The present review highlights the "OS hypothesis of AD," including amyloid beta-peptide-associated mechanisms, the role of lipid and protein oxidation unraveled by redox proteomics, and the antioxidant strategies that have been investigated to modulate the progression of AD. Collected studies from our groups and others have contributed to unraveling the close relationships between perturbation of redox homeostasis in the brain and AD neuropathology by elucidating redox-regulated events potentially involved in both the pathogenesis and progression of AD. However, the complexity of AD pathological mechanisms requires an in-depth understanding of several major intracellular pathways affecting redox homeostasis and relevant for brain functions. This understanding is crucial to developing pharmacological strategies targeting OS-mediated toxicity that may potentially contribute to slow AD progression as well as improve the quality of life of persons with this severe dementing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
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Kiris I, Basar MK, Sahin B, Gurel B, Coskun J, Mroczek T, Baykal AT. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Lycoramine on Alzheimer's Disease in Mouse Model. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3449-3473. [PMID: 33200692 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999201116193126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is one of the leading health problems characterized by the accumulation of Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau that account for the senile plaque formations causing extensive cognitive decline. Many of the clinical diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease are made in the late stages, when the pathological changes have already progressed. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the promising therapeutic effects of a natural compound, lycoramine, which has been shown to have therapeutic potential in several studies and to understand its mechanism of action on the molecular level via differential protein expression analyses. METHODS Lycoramine and galantamine, an FDA approved drug used in the treatment of mild to moderate AD, were administered to 12 month-old 5xFAD mice. Effects of the compounds were investigated by Morris water maze, immunohistochemistry and label- free differential protein expression analyses. RESULTS Here we demonstrated the reversal of cognitive decline via behavioral testing and the clearance of Aβ plaques. Proteomics analysis provided in-depth information on the statistically significant protein perturbations in the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum sections to hypothesize the possible clearance mechanisms of the plaque formation and the molecular mechanism of the reversal of cognitive decline in a transgenic mouse model. Bioinformatics analyses showed altered molecular pathways that can be linked with the reversal of cognitive decline observed after lycoramine administration but not with galantamine. CONCLUSION Lycoramine shows therapeutic potential to halt and reverse cognitive decline at the late stages of disease progression, and holds great promise for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kiris
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Karayel Basar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Sahin
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Gurel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Julide Coskun
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tomasz Mroczek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ahmet Tarik Baykal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mudedla SK, Murugan NA, Ågren H. Effect of Familial Mutations on the Interconversion of α-Helix to β-Sheet Structures in an Amyloid-Forming Peptide: Insight from Umbrella Sampling Simulations. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1347-1354. [PMID: 30586502 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the initial events of aggregation of amyloid β monomers to form β-sheet rich fibrils is useful for the development of therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease. In this context, the changes in energetics involved in the aggregation of helical amyloid β monomers into β-sheet rich dimers have been investigated using umbrella sampling simulations and density functional theory calculations. The results from umbrella sampling simulations for the free energy profile for the interconversion closely agree with the results of density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that helical peptides converted to β-sheet structures through coil-like conformations as intermediates that are mostly stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The stabilization of intermediate structures could be a possible way to inhibit fibril formation. Mutations substantially decrease the height of the energy barrier for interconversion from α-helix to β-sheet structure when compared to that of the wild type, something that is attributed to an increase in the number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms in the coil structures that correspond to a maximum value on the free energy surface. The reduction of the energy barrier leads to an enhancement of the rate of aggregation of amyloid β monomers upon introduction of various familial mutations, which is consistent with previous experimental reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Mudedla
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N. Arul Murugan
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
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Mudedla SK, Murugan NA, Subramanian V, Agren H. Destabilization of amyloid fibrils on interaction with MoS 2-based nanomaterials. RSC Adv 2019; 9:1613-1624. [PMID: 35518018 PMCID: PMC9059571 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work is motivated by the established concept that the structure and energetics of biomacromolecules can be modulated by confining their dimensions in the nanoscale. In particular, here we use force-field methods to understand the stability of amyloid fibrils at nanostructured interfaces, which can be useful for the development of new therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease. We explore the binding modes and structural properties of fibrils at the interface of molybdenum disulphide nanotubes and the nanosurface using classical molecular dynamics simulations. We find that in general the MoS2 materials induces disruptions in the structure of the amyloid fibrils where the beta sheet conformation of the fibrils changes to a turned conformation, and it is large in the case of nanotubes in comparison to the nanosurfaces. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds, hydrophilic and hydrophobic contacts between the monomer peptides in the fibril are reduced due to their adsorption onto the MoS2 materials, which results in a destabilization of the fibril. The destabilization of fibril is to some extent compensated for by the van der Waals interactions between the fibril and MoS2. Overall the results indicate that MoS2-based materials can be useful in inhibiting the aggregation of smaller protofibrils to matured fibrils and to bust the already formed fibrils. Therapeutic materials should not exhibit any cross interaction with other off-targets compounds. In order to test whether the MoS2 nanomaterial has any such effect we have studied its interaction with two additional biomacromolecules, the human serum albumin and p53 protein, and we report no significant changes in the secondary structure of these biomolecules. Through molecular docking studies we also established that the drug binding ability of HSA is not altered by its surface binding to MoS2 nanosurface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Mudedla
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology S-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Natarajan Arul Murugan
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology S-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Hans Agren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology S-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng Henan 475004 P. R. China
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Saini RK, Shuaib S, Goyal D, Goyal B. Insights into the inhibitory mechanism of a resveratrol and clioquinol hybrid against Aβ42 aggregation and protofibril destabilization: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:3183-3197. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1511475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajneet Kaur Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Suniba Shuaib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
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7
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Mudedla SK, Murugan NA, Agren H. Free Energy Landscape for Alpha-Helix to Beta-Sheet Interconversion in Small Amyloid Forming Peptide under Nanoconfinement. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9654-9664. [PMID: 30253649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of fibrillization of amyloid forming peptides could be useful for the development of therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Taking this standpoint, we have explored in this work the free energy profile for the interconversion of monomeric and dimeric forms of amyloid forming peptides into different secondary structures namely beta-sheet, helix, and random coil in aqueous solution using umbrella sampling simulations and density functional theory calculations. We show that the helical structures of amyloid peptides can form β sheet rich aggregates through random coil conformations in aqueous condition. Recent experiments ( Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 3397-3402 and ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 21116-21123) show that molybdenum disulfide nanosurface and nanoparticles can reduce the fibrillization process of amyloid beta peptides. We have unravelled the free energy profile for the interconversion of helical forms of amyloid forming peptides into beta-sheet and random coil in the presence of a two-dimensional nanosurface of MoS2. Results indicate that the monomer and dimeric forms of the peptides adopt the random coil conformation in the presence of MoS2 while the helical form is preferable for the monomeric form and that the beta-sheet and helix forms are the preferable forms for dimers in aqueous solution. This is due to strong interaction with MoS2 and intramolecular hydrogen bonds of random coil conformation. The stabilization of random coil conformation does not lead to a β sheet like secondary structure for the aggregate. Thus, the confinement of MoS2 promotes deaggregation of amyloid beta peptides rather than aggregation, something that could be useful for the development of therapeutics for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Mudedla
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Stockholm S-106 91 , Sweden
| | - N Arul Murugan
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Stockholm S-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Hans Agren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Stockholm S-106 91 , Sweden.,Department of Physics and Astronomy , Uppsala University , Box 516, Uppsala SE-751 20 , Sweden
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8
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Saini RK, Shuaib S, Goyal B. Molecular insights into Aβ42protofibril destabilization with a fluorinated compound D744: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajneet Kaur Saini
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences; Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University; Fatehgarh Sahib Punjab India
| | - Suniba Shuaib
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences; Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University; Fatehgarh Sahib Punjab India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences; Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University; Fatehgarh Sahib Punjab India
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9
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Amyloid-beta peptide decreases expression and function of glutamate transporters in nervous system cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 85:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Wang Y, Zhou Z, Tan H, Zhu S, Wang Y, Sun Y, Li XM, Wang JF. Nitrosylation of Vesicular Transporters in Brain of Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Double Transgenic Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 55:1683-1692. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Zhu Zhou
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Hua Tan
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shenghua Zhu
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Yiran Wang
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Yingxia Sun
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Xin-Min Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Musunuri S, Kultima K, Richard BC, Ingelsson M, Lannfelt L, Bergquist J, Shevchenko G. Micellar extraction possesses a new advantage for the analysis of Alzheimer's disease brain proteome. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:1041-57. [PMID: 25416231 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integral membrane proteins (MPs), such as transporters, receptors, and ion channels, are of great interest because of their participation in various vital cellular functions including cell-cell interactions, ion transport, and signal transduction. However, studies of MPs are complicated because of their hydrophobic nature, heterogeneity, and low abundance. Cloud-point extraction (CPE) with the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 was performed to simultaneously extract and phase separate hydrophobic and hydrophilic proteins from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and unaffected control brain tissue. Quantitative proteomics analysis of temporal neocortex samples of AD patients and controls was performed using a shotgun approach based on stable isotope dimethyl labeling (DML) quantification technique followed by nanoLC-MS/MS analysis. A total of 1096 unique proteins were identified and quantified, with 40.3 % (211/524) predicted as integral MPs with at least one transmembrane domain (TMD) found in the detergent phase, and 10 % (80/798) in the detergent-depleted phase. Among these, 62 proteins were shown to be significantly altered (p-value <0.05), in AD versus control samples. In the detergent fraction, we found 10 hydrophobic transmembrane proteins containing up to 14 putative TMDs that were significantly up- or down-regulated in AD compared with control brains. Changes in four of these proteins, alpha-enolase (ENOA), lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 (LAMP1), 14-3-3 protein gamma (1433G), and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase2 (AT2A2) were validated by immunoblotting. Our results emphasize that separating hydrophobic MPs in CPE contributes to an increased understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms in AD. Such knowledge can become useful for the development of novel disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Musunuri
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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12
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Furman JL, Norris CM. Calcineurin and glial signaling: neuroinflammation and beyond. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:158. [PMID: 25199950 PMCID: PMC4172899 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar to peripheral immune/inflammatory cells, neuroglial cells appear to rely on calcineurin (CN) signaling pathways to regulate cytokine production and cellular activation. Several studies suggest that harmful immune/inflammatory responses may be the most impactful consequence of aberrant CN activity in glial cells. However, newly identified roles for CN in glutamate uptake, gap junction regulation, Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, and amyloid production suggest that CN's influence in glia may extend well beyond neuroinflammation. The following review will discuss the various actions of CN in glial cells, with particular emphasis on astrocytes, and consider the implications for neurologic dysfunction arising with aging, injury, and/or neurodegenerative disease.
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13
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Butterfield DA. The 2013 SFRBM discovery award: selected discoveries from the butterfield laboratory of oxidative stress and its sequela in brain in cognitive disorders exemplified by Alzheimer disease and chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 74:157-74. [PMID: 24996204 PMCID: PMC4146642 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This retrospective review on discoveries of the roles of oxidative stress in brain of subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD) and animal models thereof as well as brain from animal models of chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) results from the author receiving the 2013 Discovery Award from the Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine. The paper reviews our laboratory's discovery of protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation in AD brain regions rich in amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) but not in Aβ-poor cerebellum; redox proteomics as a means to identify oxidatively modified brain proteins in AD and its earlier forms that are consistent with the pathology, biochemistry, and clinical presentation of these disorders; how Aβ in in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro studies can lead to oxidative modification of key proteins that also are oxidatively modified in AD brain; the role of the single methionine residue of Aβ(1-42) in these processes; and some of the potential mechanisms in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. CICI affects a significant fraction of the 14 million American cancer survivors, and due to diminished cognitive function, reduced quality of life of the persons with CICI (called "chemobrain" by patients) often results. A proposed mechanism for CICI employed the prototypical ROS-generating and non-blood brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (Dox, also called adriamycin, ADR). Because of the quinone moiety within the structure of Dox, this agent undergoes redox cycling to produce superoxide free radical peripherally. This, in turn, leads to oxidative modification of the key plasma protein, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1). Oxidized ApoA1 leads to elevated peripheral TNFα, a proinflammatory cytokine that crosses the BBB to induce oxidative stress in brain parenchyma that affects negatively brain mitochondria. This subsequently leads to apoptotic cell death resulting in CICI. This review outlines aspects of CICI consistent with the clinical presentation, biochemistry, and pathology of this disorder. To the author's knowledge this is the only plausible and self-consistent mechanism to explain CICI. These two different disorders of the CNS affect millions of persons worldwide. Both AD and CICI share free radical-mediated oxidative stress in brain, but the source of oxidative stress is not the same. Continued research is necessary to better understand both AD and CICI. The discoveries about these disorders from the Butterfield Laboratory that led to the 2013 Discovery Award from the Society of Free Radical and Medicine provide a significant foundation from which this future research can be launched.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Free Radical Biology in Cancer, Shared Resource Facility of the Markey Cancer Center, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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14
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Garcia-Alloza M, Borrelli LA, Thyssen DH, Hickman SE, El Khoury J, Bacskai BJ. Four-dimensional microglia response to anti-Aβ treatment in APP/PS1xCX3CR1/GFP mice. INTRAVITAL 2013; 2. [PMID: 28944103 DOI: 10.4161/intv.25693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Senile plaques, mainly composed of amyloid-β (Aβ), are a major hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD), and immunotherapy is a leading therapeutic approach for Aβ clearance. Although the ultimate mechanisms for Aβ clearance are not well known, characteristic microglia clusters are observed in the surround of senile plaques, and are implicated both in the elimination of Aβ as well as the deleterious inflammatory effects observed in AD patients after active immunization. Therefore, analyzing the direct effect of immunotherapy on microglia, using longitudinal in vivo multiphoton microscopy can provide important information regarding the role of microglia in immunotherapy. While microglia were observed to surround senile plaques, topical anti-Aβ antibody administration, which led to a reduction in plaque size, directed microglia toward senile plaques, and the overall size of microglia and number of processes were increased. In some cases, we observed clusters of microglia in areas of the brain that did not have detectable amyloid aggregates, but this did not predict the deposition of new plaques in the area within a week of imaging, indicating that microglia react to but do not precipitate amyloid aggregation. The long-term presence of large microglial clusters in the surrounding area of senile plaques suggests that microglia cannot effectively remove Aβ unless anti-Aβ antibody is administered. All together, these data suggest that although there is a role for microglia in Aβ clearance, it requires an intervention like immunotherapy to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Garcia-Alloza
- Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA USA.,Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Laura A Borrelli
- Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA USA
| | - Diana H Thyssen
- Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA USA
| | - Suzanne E Hickman
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA USA
| | - Joseph El Khoury
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA USA
| | - Brian J Bacskai
- Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA USA
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Solntseva EI, Bukanova JV, Marchenko EV, Skrebitsky VG. Impact of amyloid-β peptide (1-42) on voltage-gated ion currents in molluscan neurons. Bull Exp Biol Med 2012; 151:671-4. [PMID: 22485204 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-011-1412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Different types of voltage-gated ion currents were recorded in isolated neurons of snail Helix pomatia using the two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique. Application of amyloid-β peptide (1-42, 1-10 μM) in the bathing solution did not change delayed rectifier K(+)-current and leakage current, but enhanced inactivation of Ca(2+)-current and blocked Ca(2+)-dependent K(+)-current.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Solntseva
- Research Center of Neurology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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16
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Rosales-Corral SA, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Coto-Montes A, Boga JA, Manchester LC, Fuentes-Broto L, Korkmaz A, Ma S, Tan DX, Reiter RJ. Alzheimer's disease: pathological mechanisms and the beneficial role of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2012; 52:167-202. [PMID: 22107053 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2011.00937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly complex neurodegenerative disorder of the aged that has multiple factors which contribute to its etiology in terms of initiation and progression. This review summarizes these diverse aspects of this form of dementia. Several hypotheses, often with overlapping features, have been formulated to explain this debilitating condition. Perhaps the best-known hypothesis to explain AD is that which involves the role of the accumulation of amyloid-β peptide in the brain. Other theories that have been invoked to explain AD and summarized in this review include the cholinergic hypothesis, the role of neuroinflammation, the calcium hypothesis, the insulin resistance hypothesis, and the association of AD with peroxidation of brain lipids. In addition to summarizing each of the theories that have been used to explain the structural neural changes and the pathophysiology of AD, the potential role of melatonin in influencing each of the theoretical processes involved is discussed. Melatonin is an endogenously produced and multifunctioning molecule that could theoretically intervene at any of a number of sites to abate the changes associated with the development of AD. Production of this indoleamine diminishes with increasing age, coincident with the onset of AD. In addition to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, melatonin has a multitude of other functions that could assist in explaining each of the hypotheses summarized above. The intent of this review is to stimulate interest in melatonin as a potentially useful agent in attenuating and/or delaying AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A Rosales-Corral
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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17
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Mantha AK, Dhiman M, Taglialatela G, Perez-Polo RJ, Mitra S. Proteomic study of amyloid beta (25-35) peptide exposure to neuronal cells: Impact on APE1/Ref-1's protein-protein interaction. J Neurosci Res 2012; 90:1230-9. [PMID: 22488727 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The genotoxic, extracellular accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) protein and subsequent neuronal cell death are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). APE1/Ref-1, the predominant apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease and essential in eukaryotic cells, plays a central role in the base excision repair (BER) pathway for repairing oxidized and alkylated bases and single-strand breaks (SSBs) in DNA. APE1/Ref-1 is also involved in the redox activation of several trans-acting factors (TFs) in various cell types, but little is known about its role in neuronal functions. There is emerging evidence for APE1/Ref-1's role in neuronal cells vulnerable in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders, as reflected in its nuclear accumulation in AD brains. An increase in APE1/Ref-1 has been shown to enhance neuronal survival after oxidative stress. To address whether APE1/Ref-1 level or its association with other proteins is responsible for this protective effect, we used 2-D proteomic analyses and identified cytoskeleton elements (i.e., tropomodulin 3, tropomyosin alpha-3 chain), enzymes involved in energy metabolism (i.e., pyruvate kinase M2, N-acetyl transferase, sulfotransferase 1c), proteins involved in stress response (i.e., leucine-rich and death domain, anti-NGF30), and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotien-H (hnRNP-H) as being associated with APE1/Ref-1 in Aβ(25-35)-treated rat pheochromocytoma PC12 and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines, two common neuronal precursor lines used in Aβ neurotoxicity studies. Because the levels of some of these proteins are affected in the brains of AD patients, our study suggests a neuroprotective role for APE1/Ref-1 via its association with those proteins and modulating their cellular functions during Aβ-mediated neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Mantha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
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18
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Robinson RAS, Joshi G, Huang Q, Sultana R, Baker AS, Cai J, Pierce W, St Clair DK, Markesbery WR, Butterfield DA. Proteomic analysis of brain proteins in APP/PS-1 human double mutant knock-in mice with increasing amyloid β-peptide deposition: insights into the effects of in vivo treatment with N-acetylcysteine as a potential therapeutic intervention in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Proteomics 2011; 11:4243-56. [PMID: 21954051 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics analyses were performed on the brains of wild-type (WT) controls and an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, APP/PS-1 human double mutant knock-in mice. Mice were given either drinking water or water supplemented with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (2 mg/kg body weight) for a period of five months. The time periods of treatment correspond to ages prior to Aβ deposition (i.e. 4-9 months), resembling human mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and after Aβ deposition (i.e. 7-12 months), more closely resembling advancing stages of AD. Substantial differences exist between the proteomes of WT and APP/PS-1 mice at 9 or 12 months, indicating that Aβ deposition and oxidative stress lead to downstream changes in protein expression. Altered proteins are involved in energy-related pathways, excitotoxicity, cell cycle signaling, synaptic abnormalities, and cellular defense and structure. Overall, the proteomic results support the notion that NAC may be beneficial for increasing cellular stress responses in WT mice and for influencing the levels of energy- and mitochondria-related proteins in APP/PS-1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renã A S Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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19
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Oxidative Stress and β-Amyloid Protein in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2011; 13:223-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-011-8155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Chen KH, Reese EA, Kim HW, Rapoport SI, Rao JS. Disturbed neurotransmitter transporter expression in Alzheimer's disease brain. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 26:755-66. [PMID: 21743130 PMCID: PMC3188700 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2011-110002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. An imbalance of different neurotransmitters--glutamate, acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin--has been proposed as the neurobiological basis of behavioral symptoms in AD. The molecular changes associated with neurotransmission imbalance in AD are not clear. We hypothesized that altered reuptake of neurotransmitters by vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs), excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT), or the dopamine reuptake transporter (DAT) are involved in the neurotransmission imbalance in AD. We tested this hypothesis by examining protein and mRNA levels of these transporters in postmortem prefrontal cortex from 10 AD patients and 10 matched non-AD controls. Compared with controls, protein and mRNA levels of VGLUTs, EAAT1-3, VAChT, and SERT were reduced significantly in AD. Expression of DAT and catechol O-methyltransferase was unchanged. Reduced VGLUTs and EAATs may contribute to an alteration in glutamatergic recycling, and reduced SERT could exacerbate depressive symptoms in AD. The reduced VAChT expression could contribute to the recognized cholinergic deficit in AD. Altered neurotransmitter transporters could contribute to the pathophysiology of AD and are potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H. Chen
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Edmund A. Reese
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hyung-Wook Kim
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stanley I. Rapoport
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jagadeesh S. Rao
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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22
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Takahashi T, Tada K, Mihara H. RNA aptamers selected against amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) inhibit the aggregation of Abeta. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:986-91. [PMID: 19668864 DOI: 10.1039/b903391b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) is closely related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Much effort has been devoted to the construction of molecules that suppress and neutralize the toxicity of Abeta. Using a systematic evolution of ligands using the exponential enrichment (SELEX) procedure, we have constructed RNA aptamers that bind to Abeta1-40 and inhibit aggregation. To obtain the RNA aptamers, we applied an oligomer model of Abeta as a selection target using Abeta1-40 conjugated with a colloidal gold nanoparticle (Abeta-AuNP). Although the selected RNA sequences did not converge, two RNA aptamers (N2 and E2) bound more tightly to Abeta-AuNP than the other aptamers. The dissociation constants (K(d)) of and , fluorescent-labeled RNAs, to monomeric Abeta1-40 peptide were estimated as K(d) = 21.6 and 10.9 microM, respectively. ELISA revealed that these aptamers can inhibit Abeta aggregation efficiently. Transmission electron micrographs indicated that and aptamers can stop the fibrillization of Abeta1-40. The selected RNA aptamers may have potential as therapeutic agents for AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B40, Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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Hicks JB, Lai Y, Sheng W, Yang X, Zhu D, Sun GY, Lee JCM. Amyloid-beta peptide induces temporal membrane biphasic changes in astrocytes through cytosolic phospholipase A2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2008; 1778:2512-9. [PMID: 18725190 PMCID: PMC2592609 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Revised: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) is known to induce cytotoxic effects and to damage cell functions in Alzheimer's disease. However, mechanisms underlying the effects of Abeta on cell membranes have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, Abeta 1-42 (Abeta(42)) was shown to cause a temporal biphasic change in membranes of astrocytic DITNC cells using fluorescence microscopy of Laurdan. Abeta(42) made astrocyte membranes became more molecularly-disordered within the first 30 min to 1 h, but gradually changed to more molecularly-ordered after 3 h. However, Abeta(42) caused artificial membranes of vesicles made of rat whole brain lipid extract to become more disordered only. The trend for more molecularly-ordered membranes in astrocytes induced by Abeta(42) was abrogated by either an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, or an inhibitor of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)), but not by an inhibitor of calcium-independent PLA(2) (iPLA(2)). Apocynin also suppressed the increased production of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) and phosphorylation of cPLA(2) induced by Abeta(42). In addition, hydrolyzed products of cPLA(2), arachidonic acid (AA), but not lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) caused astrocyte membranes to become more molecularly-ordered. These results suggest (1) a direct interaction of Abeta(42) with cell membranes making them more molecularly-disordered, and (2) Abeta(42) also indirectly makes membranes become more molecularly-ordered by triggering the signaling pathway involving NADPH oxidase and cPLA(2) in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B. Hicks
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Yinzhi Lai
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Wenwen Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Donghui Zhu
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Grace Y. Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - James C-M Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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Matos M, Augusto E, Oliveira C, Agostinho P. Amyloid-beta peptide decreases glutamate uptake in cultured astrocytes: Involvement of oxidative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades. Neuroscience 2008; 156:898-910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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