1
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Hassan RM, Abd El-Maksoud MS, Ghannam IAY, El-Azzouny AAS, Aboul-Enein MN. Synthetic non-toxic anti-biofilm agents as a strategy in combating bacterial resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115867. [PMID: 37866335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous increase in the bacterial resistance to the available antibiotics is a serious problem for the treatment of various infections. Biofilm formation in bacteria significantly contributes to the bacterial survival in host cells, and is considered as an crucial factor, responsible for bacterial resistance. The response of the bacterial cells in the biofilm to antibiotics is completely different from that of the free floating planktonic cells of the same strain. The anti-biofilm agents that could inhibit the biofilm production without affecting the bacterial growth, apply less selective pressure over the bacterial strains than the traditional antibiotics; thus the development of bacterial resistance would be of low incidence. Many attempts have been performed to discover novel agents capable of interfering with the bacterial biofilm life cycle, and several compounds have shown promising activities in suppressing the biofilm production or in dispersing mature existing biofilms. This review describes the different chemical classes that have anti-biofilm effects against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without affecting the bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Mohamed Hassan
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Samir Abd El-Maksoud
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iman Ahmed Youssef Ghannam
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Aida Abdel-Sattar El-Azzouny
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nabil Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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2
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Wu N, Jiang M, Cao A, Huang L, Bo X, Xu Z. Rapid and General Access to α-Haloketones Using Quaternary Ammonium Salts as Halogen Sources. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38019647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
A general, rapid, and scalable method for the preparation of α-halogenated ketones using N-alkenoxypyridinium salts as substrates and quaternary ammonium salts as halogen sources was developed, featuring mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group tolerance, short reaction times, and a wide substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Mengfei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Ashley Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiumei Bo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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3
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Liu C, Zhang H, Peng X, Blackledge MS, Furlani RE, Li H, Su Z, Melander RJ, Melander C, Michalek S, Wu H. Small Molecule Attenuates Bacterial Virulence by Targeting Conserved Response Regulator. mBio 2023; 14:e0013723. [PMID: 37074183 PMCID: PMC10294662 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00137-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic tolerance within a biofilm community presents a serious public health challenge. Here, we report the identification of a 2-aminoimidazole derivative that inhibits biofilm formation by two pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. In S. mutans, the compound binds to VicR, a key response regulator, at the N-terminal receiver domain, and concurrently inhibits expression of vicR and VicR-regulated genes, including the genes that encode the key biofilm matrix producing enzymes, Gtfs. The compound inhibits S. aureus biofilm formation via binding to a Staphylococcal VicR homolog. In addition, the inhibitor effectively attenuates S. mutans virulence in a rat model of dental caries. As the compound targets bacterial biofilms and virulence through a conserved transcriptional factor, it represents a promising new class of anti-infective agents that can be explored to prevent or treat a host of bacterial infections. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance is a major public health issue due to the growing lack of effective anti-infective therapeutics. New alternatives to treat and prevent biofilm-driven microbial infections, which exhibit high tolerance to clinically available antibiotics, are urgently needed. We report the identification of a small molecule that inhibits biofilm formation by two important pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. The small molecule selectively targets a transcriptional regulator leading to attenuation of a biofilm regulatory cascade and concurrent reduction of bacterial virulence in vivo. As the regulator is highly conserved, the finding has broad implication for the development of antivirulence therapeutics that selectively target biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Integrative Biomedical & Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xian Peng
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Meghan S. Blackledge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert E. Furlani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Haoting Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhaoming Su
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Suzanne Michalek
- Department of Integrative Biomedical & Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Integrative Biomedical & Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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4
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Novel approaches for the treatment of infections due to multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1133-1148. [PMID: 35861021 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a major challenge for global healthcare, emerging because of several reasons including overpopulation, increased global migration and selection pressure due to enhanced use of antibiotics. Antibiotics are the widely used therapeutic options to combat infectious diseases; however, unfortunately, inadequate and irregular antibiotic courses are also major contributing factors in the emergence of AMR. Additionally, persistent failure to develop and commercialize new antibiotics has created the scarcity of effective anti-infective drugs. Thus, there is an urgent need for a new class of antimicrobials and other novel approaches to curb the menace of AMR. Besides the conventional approaches, some novel approaches such as the use of antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, immunomodulation, host-directed therapy and antibodies have shown really promising potentials.
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5
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Rossi R, Ciofalo M. An Updated Review on the Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Molecular Hybrids and Conjugates Bearing Imidazole Moiety. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215133. [PMID: 33158247 PMCID: PMC7663458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of serious infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, especially the nosocomial ESKAPE pathogens, has been acknowledged by Governments and scientists and is one of the world's major health problems. Various strategies have been and are currently investigated and developed to reduce and/or delay the bacterial resistance. One of these strategies regards the design and development of antimicrobial hybrids and conjugates. This unprecedented critical review, in which our continuing interest in the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of imidazole derivatives is testified, aims to summarise and comment on the results obtained from the end of the 1900s until February 2020 in studies conducted by numerous international research groups on the synthesis and evaluation of the antibacterial properties of imidazole-based molecular hybrids and conjugates in which the pharmacophoric constituents of these compounds are directly covalently linked or connected through a linker or spacer. In this review, significant attention was paid to summarise the strategies used to overcome the antibiotic resistance of pathogens whose infections are difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics. However, it does not include literature data on the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of hybrids and conjugates in which an imidazole moiety is fused with a carbo- or heterocyclic subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi, 3, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio Ciofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
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6
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New syntheses of haloketo acid methyl esters and their transformation to halolactones by reductive cyclization. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Rasapalli S, Reddy Sammeta V, Singh S, Golen JA, Semerdzhiev D, Bo Y, Silby M, Rao R, Ali A, Schiffer CA, Savinov SN. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4/5‐Aroyl‐2‐aminoimidazoles as Microbial Biofilm Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivappa Rasapalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Massachusetts 285 Old Westport Rd North Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA
| | - Vamshikrishna Reddy Sammeta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Massachusetts 285 Old Westport Rd North Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA
| | - Sarbjit Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Massachusetts 285 Old Westport Rd North Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA
| | - James A. Golen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Massachusetts 285 Old Westport Rd North Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA
| | - Dimitar Semerdzhiev
- Department of Biology University of Massachusetts 285 Old Westport Rd North Dartmouth MA-02747 USA
| | - Yang Bo
- Department of Biology & Biotechnology Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Rd Worcester MA-01609 USA
| | - Mark Silby
- Department of Biology University of Massachusetts 285 Old Westport Rd North Dartmouth MA-02747 USA
| | - Reeta Rao
- Department of Biology & Biotechnology Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Rd Worcester MA-01609 USA
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology University of Massachusetts Medical School 55 N Lake Ave Worcester MA 01655 USA
| | - Celia A. Schiffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology University of Massachusetts Medical School 55 N Lake Ave Worcester MA 01655 USA
| | - Sergey N. Savinov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology UMass Amherst Amherst MA-01003 USA
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8
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Kacou A, Ouvrard A, Jamet D, Jamet JL, Blache Y. Towards eco-friendly biocides: preparation, antibiofilm activity of hemibastadin analogues. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 68:360-368. [PMID: 30843243 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The antibiofilm activity of three hemibastadins analogues was evaluated against different marine bacterial strains through mono-species biofilms and through a multi-species model of biofilm. Results showed that compound 3 exhibited interesting antibiofilm efficiencies effective concentrations (EC50 ) in the range of 30-100 μmol l-1 without acute toxicity against bacteria. Toxicity against nontargeted organisms was also considered showing that the compound did not affect the global bacterial community at a concentration of 75-100 μmol l-1 . These results provided baseline data concerning the toxicity of antibiofilm biocides against marine organisms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study reports relevant information about antibiofilm activity of original derivatives of hemibastadin alkaloids. The most active compound was shown to act as a specific anti-biofilm inhibitor without affecting viability of the targeted bacteria no more than those of the global bacterial community of a seawater sample. Taken together, these findings indicate the potentiality of such compounds to be used as original nonbiocidal molecules for designing eco-friendly antifouling solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kacou
- Université de Toulon, MAPIEM, Toulon, France
| | - A Ouvrard
- Université de Toulon, MAPIEM, Toulon, France.,Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, MIO, CNRS, Toulon, France
| | - D Jamet
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, MIO, CNRS, Toulon, France
| | - J-L Jamet
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, MIO, CNRS, Toulon, France
| | - Y Blache
- Université de Toulon, MAPIEM, Toulon, France
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9
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Synthetic small molecules as anti-biofilm agents in the struggle against antibiotic resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 161:154-178. [PMID: 30347328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation significantly contributes to microbial survival in hostile environments and it is currently considered a key virulence factor for pathogens responsible for serious chronic infections. In the last decade many efforts have been made to identify new agents able to modulate bacterial biofilm life cycle, and many compounds have shown interesting activities in inhibiting biofilm formation or in dispersing pre-formed biofilms. However, only a few of these compounds were tested using in vivo models for their clinical significance. Contrary to conventional antibiotics, most of the anti-biofilm compounds act as anti-virulence agents as they do not affect bacterial growth. In this review we selected the most relevant literature of the last decade, focusing on the development of synthetic small molecules able to prevent bacterial biofilm formation or to eradicate pre-existing biofilms of clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. In addition, we provide a comprehensive list of the possible targets to counteract biofilm formation and development, as well as a detailed discussion the advantages and disadvantages of the different current biofilm-targeting strategies.
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10
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Robb AJ, Vinogradov S, Danell AS, Anderson E, Blackledge MS, Melander C, Hvastkovs EG. Electrochemical Detection of Small Molecule Induced Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Dispersion. Electrochim Acta 2018; 268:276-282. [PMID: 30504968 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple electrochemical assay to monitor the dispersion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 biofilm is described. Pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes were modified with P. aeruginosa PA01 using layer-by-layer (LbL) methods. The presence of the bacteria on the electrodes was directly monitored using square wave voltammetry (SWV) via the electrochemical reduction of electroactive phenazine compounds expressed by the bacteria, which indicate the presence of biofilm. Upon treatment of bacteria-modified electrodes with a 2-aminoimidazole (2-AI) derivative with known Pseudomonas anti-biofilm properties, the bacteria-related electrochemical reduction peaks decreased in a concentration dependent manner, indicating dispersal of the biofilm on the electrode surface. A similar 2-AI compound with negligible anti-biofilm activity was used as a comparative control and produced muted electrochemical results. Electrochemical responses mirrored previously established bioassay-derived half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) and half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values.. Biofilm dispersal detection via the electrochemical response was validated by monitoring crystal violet absorbance after its release from electrode confined P. aeruginosa biofilm. Mass spectrometry data showing multiple redox active phenazine compounds are presented to provide insight into the surface reaction complexity. Overall, we present a very simple assay to monitor the anti-biofilm activity of compounds of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Robb
- East Carolina University, Department of Chemistry
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11
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Milton ME, Minrovic BM, Harris DL, Kang B, Jung D, Lewis CP, Thompson RJ, Melander RJ, Zeng D, Melander C, Cavanagh J. Re-sensitizing Multidrug Resistant Bacteria to Antibiotics by Targeting Bacterial Response Regulators: Characterization and Comparison of Interactions between 2-Aminoimidazoles and the Response Regulators BfmR from Acinetobacter baumannii and QseB from Francisella spp. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:15. [PMID: 29487854 PMCID: PMC5816815 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
2-aminoimidazole (2-AI) compounds inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilms, disperse preformed biofilms, and re-sensitize multidrug resistant bacteria to antibiotics. 2-AIs have previously been shown to interact with bacterial response regulators, but the mechanism of interaction is still unknown. Response regulators are one part of two-component systems (TCS). TCSs allow cells to respond to changes in their environment, and are used to trigger quorum sensing, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. Drugs that target the TCS signaling process can inhibit pathogenic behavior, making this a potent new therapeutic approach that has not yet been fully exploited. We previously laid the groundwork for the interaction of the Acinetobacter baumannii response regulator BfmR with an early 2-AI derivative. Here, we further investigate the response regulator/2-AI interaction and look at a wider library of 2-AI compounds. By combining molecular modeling with biochemical and cellular studies, we expand on a potential mechanism for interaction between response regulators and 2-AIs. We also establish that Francisella tularensis/novicida, encoding for only three known response regulators, can be a model system to study the interaction between 2-AIs and response regulators. We show that knowledge gained from studying Francisella can be applied to the more complex A. baumannii system, which contains over 50 response regulators. Understanding the impact of 2-AIs on response regulators and their mechanism of interaction will lead to the development of more potent compounds that will serve as adjuvant therapies to broad-range antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bradley M. Minrovic
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | | | - Brian Kang
- Agile Sciences, Inc., Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - David Jung
- Agile Sciences, Inc., Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Caleb P. Lewis
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | | | - Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Daina Zeng
- Agile Sciences, Inc., Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - John Cavanagh
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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12
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Sall C, Ayé M, Bottzeck O, Praud A, Blache Y. Towards smart biocide-free anti-biofilm strategies: Click-based synthesis of cinnamide analogues as anti-biofilm compounds against marine bacteria. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 28:155-159. [PMID: 29198862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A set of triazole-based analogues of N-coumaroyltyramine was designed to discover potential leads that may help in the control of bacterial biofilms. the most potent compounds act as inhibitors of biofilm development with EC50 closed to ampicillin (EC50 = 11 μM) without toxic effect on bacterial growth even at high concentrations(100 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sall
- Laboratoire de chimie, UFR des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Thiès, BP 967 Thiès, Senegal
| | - M Ayé
- Laboratoire MAPIEM, Seatech Ecole d'ingénieurs, université de Toulon, CS 60584 Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - O Bottzeck
- Laboratoire MAPIEM, Seatech Ecole d'ingénieurs, université de Toulon, CS 60584 Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - A Praud
- Laboratoire MAPIEM, Seatech Ecole d'ingénieurs, université de Toulon, CS 60584 Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Y Blache
- Laboratoire MAPIEM, Seatech Ecole d'ingénieurs, université de Toulon, CS 60584 Toulon Cedex 9, France.
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13
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Milton ME, Allen CL, Feldmann EA, Bobay BG, Jung DK, Stephens MD, Melander RJ, Theisen KE, Zeng D, Thompson RJ, Melander C, Cavanagh J. Structure of the Francisella response regulator QseB receiver domain, and characterization of QseB inhibition by antibiofilm 2-aminoimidazole-based compounds. Mol Microbiol 2017; 106:223-235. [PMID: 28755524 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With antibiotic resistance increasing at alarming rates, targets for new antimicrobial therapies must be identified. A particularly promising target is the bacterial two-component system. Two-component systems allow bacteria to detect, evaluate and protect themselves against changes in the environment, such as exposure to antibiotics and also to trigger production of virulence factors. Drugs that target the response regulator portion of two-component systems represent a potent new approach so far unexploited. Here, we focus efforts on the highly virulent bacterium Francisella tularensis tularensis. Francisella contains only three response regulators, making it an ideal system to study. In this study, we initially present the structure of the N-terminal domain of QseB, the response regulator responsible for biofilm formation. Subsequently, using binding assays, computational docking and cellular studies, we show that QseB interacts with2-aminoimidazole based compounds that impede its function. This information will assist in tailoring compounds to act as adjuvants that will enhance the effect of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Leigh Allen
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Erik A Feldmann
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Benjamin G Bobay
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - David K Jung
- Agile Sciences, Keystone Science Center, 1791 Varsity Dr #150, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Matthew D Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8204, 2620 Yarborough Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Roberta J Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8204, 2620 Yarborough Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Kelly E Theisen
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Daina Zeng
- Agile Sciences, Keystone Science Center, 1791 Varsity Dr #150, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | | | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8204, 2620 Yarborough Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - John Cavanagh
- RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC 27709, USA
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14
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Lillsunde KE, Tomašič T, Kikelj D, Tammela P. Marine alkaloid oroidin analogues with antiviral potential: A novel class of synthetic compounds targeting the cellular chaperone Hsp90. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:1147-1154. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja-Emilia Lillsunde
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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15
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Edwards GA, Shymanska NV, Pierce JG. 5-Benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones potently inhibit biofilm formation in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7353-7356. [PMID: 28537316 PMCID: PMC5526077 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03626d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Investigation into the biological function of 5-benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones revealed dose-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This structurally unusual class of small molecules inhibit up to 89% of biofilm formation with IC50 values as low as 0.78 μM, and disperse pre-formed biofilms with IC50 values as low as 4.7 μM. Together, these results suggest that 4-oxazolidinones represent new chemotypes to enable the study of bacterial biofilms with small molecule chemical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant A Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, NC State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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16
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Draughn GL, Allen CL, Routh PA, Stone MR, Kirker KR, Boegli L, Schuchman RM, Linder KE, Baynes RE, James G, Melander C, Pollard A, Cavanagh J. Evaluation of a 2-aminoimidazole variant as adjuvant treatment for dermal bacterial infections. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:153-162. [PMID: 28138218 PMCID: PMC5241126 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s111865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
2-Aminoimidazole (2-AI)-based compounds have been shown to efficiently disrupt biofilm formation, disperse existing biofilms, and resensitize numerous multidrug-resistant bacteria to antibiotics. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, we provide initial pharmacological studies regarding the application of a 2-AI as a topical adjuvant for persistent dermal infections. In vitro assays indicated that the 2-AI H10 is nonbactericidal, resensitizes bacteria to antibiotics, does not harm the integument, and promotes wound healing. Furthermore, in vivo application of H10 on swine skin caused no gross abnormalities or immune reactions. Taken together, these results indicate that H10 represents a promising lead dermal adjuvant compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patricia A Routh
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Maria R Stone
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kelly R Kirker
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Laura Boegli
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | | | - Keith E Linder
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ronald E Baynes
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Garth James
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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17
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Lindel T. Chemistry and Biology of the Pyrrole–Imidazole Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 77:117-219. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Melander RJ, Liu HB, Stephens MD, Bewley CA, Melander C. Marine sponge alkaloids as a source of anti-bacterial adjuvants. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5863-5866. [PMID: 27876320 PMCID: PMC5776710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel approaches that do not rely upon developing microbicidal compounds are sorely needed to combat multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The potential of marine secondary metabolites to serve as a source of non-traditional anti-bacterial agents is demonstrated by showing that pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids inhibit biofilm formation and suppress antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, United States
| | - Hong-bing Liu
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Matthew D. Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, United States
| | - Carole A. Bewley
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, United States
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An efficient one-pot synthesis of thiochromeno[3,4-d]pyrimidines derivatives: Inducing ROS dependent antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:159-65. [PMID: 27522461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of thiochromeno[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives has been achieved successfully via a one-pot three-component reaction of thiochrome-4-one, aromatic aldehyde and thiourea in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulphate [Bmim]HSO4. This new protocol has the advantages of environmental friendliness, high yields, short reaction times, and convenient operation. Furthermore, among all the tested derivatives, compounds 4b and 4c exhibited promising antibacterial, minimum bactericidal concentration and anti-biofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96, Staphylococcus aureus MLS16 MTCC 2940 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121. The compound 4c also showed promising intracellular ROS accumulation in Staphylococcus aureus MLS16 MTCC 2940 comparable to that of ciprofloxacin resulting in apoptotic cell death of the bacterium.
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20
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Yoo J, Kim SJ, Son D, Seo H, Baek SY, Maeng CY, Lee C, Kim IS, Jung YH, Lee SM, Park HJ. Computer-aided identification of new histone deacetylase 6 selective inhibitor with anti-sepsis activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 116:126-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
In the biofilm form, bacteria are more resistant to various antimicrobial treatments. Bacteria in a biofilm can also survive harsh conditions and withstand the host's immune system. Therefore, there is a need for new treatment options to treat biofilm-associated infections. Currently, research is focused on the development of antibiofilm agents that are nontoxic, as it is believed that such molecules will not lead to future drug resistance. In this review, we discuss recent discoveries of antibiofilm agents and different approaches to inhibit/disperse biofilms. These new antibiofilm agents, which contain moieties such as imidazole, phenols, indole, triazole, sulfide, furanone, bromopyrrole, peptides, etc. have the potential to disperse bacterial biofilms in vivo and could positively impact human medicine in the future.
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22
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Nabergoj D, Vrbek S, Zidar N, Tomašić T, Kikelj D, Mašič LP, Muller CD. Synthetic analogues of marine alkaloid clathrodin differently induce phosphatidylserine exposure in monocytic cancer cells then in cancer stem cell lines. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00163g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Activation of apoptosis in cancer cells could stop the development of several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Nabergoj
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Ljubljana
- 1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique
| | - Sanja Vrbek
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Ljubljana
- 1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique
| | - Nace Zidar
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Ljubljana
- 1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Tihomir Tomašić
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Ljubljana
- 1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Ljubljana
- 1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | | | - Christian D. Muller
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique
- UMR 7200
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
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23
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Click-based synthesis of bromotyrosine alkaloid analogs as potential anti-biofilm leads for SAR studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5762-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Pan W, Fan M, Wu H, Melander C, Liu C. A new small molecule inhibits Streptococcus mutans biofilms in vitro and in vivo. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:1403-11. [PMID: 26294263 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to identify new small molecules that can inhibit Streptococcus mutans biofilms by in vitro and in vivo model. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated the effect of a small molecule 2-amino-imidazole/triazole conjugate (2-AI/T) on the formation of Strep. mutans biofilms by culturing in 96-well plates. Toxicity was assessed through cell culture and intragastrically administering to mice. The anti-biofilm and anti-caries effects were investigated in vivo. The inhibitive mechanism was detected by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (itraq) and RT-QPCR. In vitro and in vivo study revealed that 2-AI/T significantly inhibited biofilm formation of Strep. mutans and is more so than inhibiting planktonic cells without toxicity. The ribosome and histidine metabolism pathways of Strep. mutans were significantly regulated by this compound. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the 2-AI/T conjugate is a potent inhibitor that can be potentially developed into a new drug to treat and prevent dental caries. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study to use small molecule from marine natural products, to protect from dental caries in vivo. It has potential broad range application in clinical caries prevention, or as a bioactive ingredient for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Pan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-Most) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Fan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-Most) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - C Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - C Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-Most) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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25
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Inhibition and breaking of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) with bis-2-aminoimidazole derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:3406-3409. [PMID: 26146419 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), unregulated modifications to host macromolecules that occur as a result of metabolic dysregulation, play a role in many diabetes related complications, inflammation and aging, and may lead to increased cardiovascular risk. Small molecules that have the ability to inhibit AGE formation, and even break preformed AGEs have enormous therapeutic potential in the treatment of these disease states. We report the screening of a series of 2-aminoimidazloles for anti-AGE activity, and the identification of a bis-2-aminoimidazole lead compound that possesses superior AGE inhibition and breaking activity compared to the known AGE inhibitor aminoguanidine.
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26
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Ratnakar Reddy K, Poornachandra Y, Jitender Dev G, Mallareddy G, Nanubolu JB, Kumar CG, Narsaiah B. Synthesis of novel amide functionalized 2H-chromene derivatives by Ritter amidation of primary alcohol using HBF4·OEt2 as a mild and versatile reagent and evaluation of their antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2943-7. [PMID: 26048810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel amide functionalized 2H-chromene derivatives 3 were prepared starting from ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate 1 via sodium borohydride reduction followed by Ritter amidation using HBF4·OEt2 as a mild and versatile reagent. All the products 3 were screened for antimicrobial activity against various Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungal strain. The promising derivatives such as 3f, 3g, 3k, 3l, 3m, 3n and 3o were further screened for minimum bactericidal concentration and bio-film inhibition activity and identified the potential ones. Among all the promising, compound 3g was more potent for antimicrobial, MBC and anti bio-film activities. The structure verses activity relationship of 3g revealed that the presence of two bromine atoms at sixth and R position promotes high activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ratnakar Reddy
- Fluoroorganic Division, (AcSIR)CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Y Poornachandra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - G Jitender Dev
- Fluoroorganic Division, (AcSIR)CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - G Mallareddy
- Fluoroorganic Division, (AcSIR)CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Jagadeesh B Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - C Ganesh Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - B Narsaiah
- Fluoroorganic Division, (AcSIR)CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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27
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Melander RJ, Melander C. Innovative strategies for combating biofilm-based infections. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 831:69-91. [PMID: 25384664 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09782-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta J Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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28
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Tomašič T, Nabergoj D, Vrbek S, Zidar N, Jakopin Ž, Žula A, Hodnik Ž, Jukič M, Anderluh M, Ilaš J, Dolenc MS, Peluso J, Ubeaud-Séquier G, Muller CD, Mašič LP, Kikelj D. Analogues of the marine alkaloids oroidin, clathrodin, and hymenidin induce apoptosis in human HepG2 and THP-1 cancer cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structural modification of the marine alkaloid oroidin resulted in improved apoptosis inducing activity in HepG2 and THP-1 cell lines.
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29
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Wright CJ, Wu H, Melander RJ, Melander C, Lamont RJ. Disruption of heterotypic community development by Porphyromonas gingivalis with small molecule inhibitors. Mol Oral Microbiol 2014; 29:185-93. [PMID: 24899524 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the main etiological organisms in periodontal disease. On oral surfaces P. gingivalis is a component of multispecies biofilm communities and can modify the pathogenic potential of the community as a whole. Accumulation of P. gingivalis in communities is facilitated by interspecies binding and communication with the antecedent colonizer Streptococcus gordonii. In this study we screened a library of small molecules to identify structures that could serve as lead compounds for the development of inhibitors of P. gingivalis community development. Three small molecules were identified that effectively inhibited accumulation of P. gingivalis on a substratum of S. gordonii. The structures of the small molecules are derived from the marine alkaloids oroidin and bromoageliferin and contain a 2-aminoimidazole or 2-aminobenzimidazole moiety. The most active compounds reduced expression of mfa1 and fimA in P. gingivalis, genes encoding the minor and major fimbrial subunits, respectively. These fimbrial adhesins are necessary for P. gingivalis co-adhesion with S. gordonii. These results demonstrate the potential for a small molecular inhibitor-based approach to the prevention of diseases associated with P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Wright
- Oral Health and Systemic Disease, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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30
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Ackart DF, Lindsey EA, Podell BK, Melander RJ, Basaraba RJ, Melander C. Reversal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis phenotypic drug resistance by 2-aminoimidazole-based small molecules. Pathog Dis 2014; 70:370-8. [PMID: 24478046 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of phenotypic drug resistance or drug tolerance serves as a strategy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to survive in vivo antimicrobial drug treatment; however, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Progress toward a more in depth understanding of in vivo drug tolerance and the discovery of new therapeutic strategies designed specifically to treat drug-tolerant M. tuberculosis are hampered by the lack of appropriate in vitro assays. A library of 2-aminoimidazole-based small molecules combined with the antituberculosis drug isoniazid was screened against M. tuberculosis expressing in vitro drug tolerance as microbial communities attached to an extracellular matrix derived from lysed leukocytes. Based on the ability of nine of ten 2-aminoimidazole compounds to inhibit Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilm formation and three of ten molecules capable of dispersing established biofilms, two active candidates and one inactive control were tested against drug-tolerant M. tuberculosis. The two active compounds restored isoniazid susceptibility as well as reduced the in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations of isoniazid in a dose-dependent manner. The dispersion of drug-tolerant M. tuberculosis with 2-aminoimidazole-based small molecules as an adjunct to antimicrobial treatment has the potential to be an effective antituberculosis treatment strategy designed specifically to eradicate drug-tolerant M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Ackart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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31
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Emmadi NR, Atmakur K, Bingi C, Godumagadda NR, Chityal GK, Nanubolu JB. Regioselective synthesis of 3-benzyl substituted pyrimidino chromen-2-ones and evaluation of anti-microbial and anti-biofilm activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:485-9. [PMID: 24380770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective synthesis of a number of highly functionalized 3-benzylpyrimidino chromen-2-ones (4) were accomplished in a one pot three component reaction in acetic acid and determined their anti-microbial and anti-biofilm activities. Compounds 4o and 4p showed an excellent anti-microbial activity against Micrococcus luteus MTCC 2470 at a par with standard control (Ciprofloxacin) and exhibited best activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121. Further, compounds 4h, 4i, 4m, 4n and 4q showed promising activity against Micrococcus luteus MTCC 2470, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121. Whereas, compounds 4m showed very promising biofilm inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus MLS 16 MTCC 2940 and 4o, 4p showed very potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 at a par with Ciprofloxacin used as standard control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narender Reddy Emmadi
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Krishnaiah Atmakur
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Chiranjeevi Bingi
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Narender Reddy Godumagadda
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Chityal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Peach KC, Cheng AT, Oliver AG, Yildiz FH, Linington RG. Discovery and biological characterization of the auromomycin chromophore as an inhibitor of biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae. Chembiochem 2013; 14:2209-15. [PMID: 24106077 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms pose a significant challenge in clinical environments due to their inherent lack of susceptibility to antibiotic treatment. It is widely recognized that most pathogenic bacterial strains in the clinical setting persist in the biofilm state, and are the root cause of many recrudescent infections. The discovery and development of compounds capable of either inhibiting biofilm formation or initiating biofilm dispersal might provide new therapeutic avenues for reducing the number of hospital-acquired, biofilm-mediated infections. We detail here the application of our recently reported image-based, high-throughput screen to the discovery of microbially derived natural products with inhibitory activity against Vibrio cholerae biofilm. Examination of a prefractionated library of microbially derived marine natural products has led to the identification of a new biofilm inhibitor that is structurally unrelated to previously reported inhibitors and is one of the most potent inhibitors of V. cholerae reported to date. Combination of this compound with sub-MIC concentrations of a number of clinically relevant antibiotics was shown to improve the inhibitory efficacy of this new compound compared to monotherapy treatments, and provides evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of biofilm inhibitors in treating persistent biofilm-mediated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Peach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (USA)
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33
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Yeagley AA, Su Z, McCullough KD, Worthington RJ, Melander C. N-substituted 2-aminoimidazole inhibitors of MRSA biofilm formation accessed through direct 1,3-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)guanidine cyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:130-7. [PMID: 23076976 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26469b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a significant problem and is compounded by the ability of many pathogenic bacteria to form biofilms. A library of N-substituted derivatives of a previously reported 2-aminoimidazole/triazole (2-AIT) biofilm modulator was constructed via α-bromoketone cyclization with 1,3-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)guanidine, followed by selective substitution. Several compounds exhibited the ability to inhibit biofilm formation by three strong biofilm forming strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Additionally, a number of members of this library exhibited synergistic activity with oxacillin against planktonic MRSA. Compounds with this type of dual activity have the potential to be used as adjuvants with conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Yeagley
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
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34
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Soni KA, Oladunjoye A, Nannapaneni R, Schilling MW, Silva JL, Mikel B, Bailey RH. Inhibition and inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium biofilms from polystyrene and stainless steel surfaces by essential oils and phenolic constituent carvacrol. J Food Prot 2013; 76:205-12. [PMID: 23433366 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Persistence of Salmonella biofilms within food processing environments is an important source of Salmonella contamination in the food chain. In this study, essential oils of thyme and oregano and their antimicrobial phenolic constituent carvacrol were evaluated for their ability to inhibit biofilm formation and inactivate preformed Salmonella biofilms. A crystal violet staining assay and CFU measurements were utilized to quantify biofilm cell mass, with evaluating factors such as strain variation, essential oil type, their concentrations, exposure time, as well as biofilm formation surface. Of the three Salmonella strains, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 23564 and Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 19585 produced stronger biofilms than Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028. Biofilm formation by different Salmonella strains was 1.5- to 2-fold higher at 22°C than at 30 or 37°C. The presence of nonbiocidal concentrations of thyme oil, oregano oil, and phenolic carvacrol at 0.006 to 0.012% suppressed Salmonella spp. biofilm formation 2- to 4-fold, but could not completely eliminate biofilm formation. There was high correlation in terms of biofilm inactivation, as determined by the crystal violet-stained optical density (at a 562-nm wavelength) readings and the viable CFU counts. Reduction of biofilm cell mass was dependent on antimicrobial concentration. A minimum concentration of 0.05 to 0.1% of these antimicrobial agents was needed to reduce a 7-log CFU biofilm mass to a nondetectable level on both polystyrene and stainless steel surfaces within 1 h of exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh A Soni
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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35
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Rasapalli S, Dhawane A, Rees C, Golen JA, Singh BR, Cai S, Jasinski J, Kwasny SM, Moir DT, Opperman TJ, Bowlin TL. Design, synthesis and activities of 4/5-acyl-2-aminoimidazolyl analogues of oroidin for biofilm inhibition. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Furlani RE, Yeagley AA, Melander C. A flexible approach to 1,4-di-substituted 2-aminoimidazoles that inhibit and disperse biofilms and potentiate the effects of β-lactams against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 62:59-70. [PMID: 23353733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids are a 2-aminoimidazoles containing family of natural products that possess anti-biofilm activity. A library of 1,4-di-substituted 2-aminoimidazole/triazoles (2-AITs) was synthesized, and its anti-biofilm activity as well as oxacillin resensitization efficacy toward methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was investigated. These 2-AITs were found to inhibit biofilm formation by MRSA with low micromolar IC50 values. Additionally, the most active compound acted synergistically with oxacillin against MRSA lowering the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 4-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Furlani
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8024, USA
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Shukla K, Ferraris DV, Thomas AG, Stathis M, Duvall B, Delahanty G, Alt J, Rais R, Rojas C, Gao P, Xiang Y, Dang CV, Slusher BS, Tsukamoto T. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide 3 (BPTES) analogs as glutaminase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10551-63. [PMID: 23151085 DOI: 10.1021/jm301191p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES) is a potent and selective allosteric inhibitor of kidney-type glutaminase (GLS) that has served as a molecular probe to determine the therapeutic potential of GLS inhibition. In an attempt to identify more potent GLS inhibitors with improved drug-like molecular properties, a series of BPTES analogs were synthesized and evaluated. Our structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that some truncated analogs retained the potency of BPTES, presenting an opportunity to improve its aqueous solubility. One of the analogs, N-(5-{2-[2-(5-amino-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-ethylsulfanyl]-ethyl}-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-phenyl-acetamide 6, exhibited similar potency and better solubility relative to BPTES and attenuated the growth of P493 human lymphoma B cells in vitro as well as in a mouse xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa Shukla
- Department of Neurology and Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Thompson RJ, Bobay BG, Stowe SD, Olson AL, Peng L, Su Z, Actis LA, Melander C, Cavanagh J. Identification of BfmR, a response regulator involved in biofilm development, as a target for a 2-Aminoimidazole-based antibiofilm agent. Biochemistry 2012. [PMID: 23186243 DOI: 10.1021/bi3015289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2-Aminoimidazoles (2AIs) have been documented to disrupt bacterial protection mechanisms, including biofilm formation and genetically encoded antibiotic resistance traits. Using Acinetobacter baumannii, we provide initial insight into the mechanism of action of a 2AI-based antibiofilm agent. Confocal microscopy confirmed that the 2AI is cell permeable, while pull-down assays identified BfmR, a response regulator that is the master controller of biofilm formation, as a target for this compound. Binding assays demonstrated specificity of the 2AI for response regulators, while computational docking provided models for 2AI-BfmR interactions. The 2AI compound studied here represents a unique small molecule scaffold that targets bacterial response regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richele J Thompson
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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39
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Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are defined as a surface attached community of bacteria embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances that they have produced. When in the biofilm state, bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics and the host immune response than are their planktonic counterparts. Biofilms are increasingly recognized as being significant in human disease, accounting for 80% of bacterial infections in the body and diseases associated with bacterial biofilms include: lung infections of cystic fibrosis patients, colitis, urethritis, conjunctivitis, otitis, endocarditis and periodontitis. Additionally, biofilm infections of indwelling medical devices are of particular concern, as once the device is colonized infection is virtually impossible to eradicate. Given the prominence of biofilms in infectious diseases, there has been an increased effort toward the development of small molecules that will modulate bacterial biofilm development and maintenance. In this review, we highlight the development of small molecules that inhibit and/or disperse bacterial biofilms through non-microbicidal mechanisms. The review discuses the numerous approaches that have been applied to the discovery of lead small molecules that mediate biofilm development. These approaches are grouped into: (1) the identification and development of small molecules that target one of the bacterial signaling pathways involved in biofilm regulation, (2) chemical library screening for compounds with anti-biofilm activity, and (3) the identification of natural products that possess anti-biofilm activity, and the chemical manipulation of these natural products to obtain analogues with increased activity.
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Su Z, Yeagley AA, Su R, Peng L, Melander C. Structural studies on 4,5-disubstituted 2-aminoimidazole-based biofilm modulators that suppress bacterial resistance to β-lactams. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:2030-9. [PMID: 23011973 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A library of 4,5-disubstituted 2-aminoimidazole triazole amide (2-AITA) conjugates has been successfully assembled. Upon biological screening, this class of small molecules was discovered as enhanced biofilm regulators through non-microbicidal mechanisms against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB), with active concentrations in the low micromolar range. The library was also subjected to synergism and resensitization studies with β-lactam antibiotics against MRSA. Lead compounds were identified that suppress the antibiotic resistance of MRSA by working synergistically with oxacillin, a β-lactam antibiotic resistant to penicillinase. A further structure-activity relationship (SAR) study on the parent 2-AITA compound delivered a 2-aminoimidazole diamide (2-AIDA) conjugate with significantly increased synergistic activity with oxacillin against MRSA, decreasing the MIC value of the β-lactam antibiotic by 64-fold. Increased anti-biofilm activity did not necessarily lead to increased suppression of antibiotic resistance, which indicates that biofilm inhibition and resensitization are most likely occurring via distinct mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Su
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarborough Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204 (USA)
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41
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Lindsey EA, Worthington RJ, Alcaraz C, Melander C. 2-Aminopyrimidine as a novel scaffold for biofilm modulation. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2552-61. [PMID: 22301774 PMCID: PMC3717969 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06871k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic route to a series of substituted 2-aminopyrimidine (2-AP) derivatives has been developed. Subsequent biofilm screening has allowed comparison between the biological activity of these new derivatives and that of the 2-aminoimidazole class of anti-biofilm compounds. Several derivatives displayed the ability to modulate bacterial biofilm formation, exhibiting greater activity against Gram-positive strains than Gram-negative strains. Additionally some 2-aminopyrmidines were able to suppress MRSA resistance to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick A Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Boukraa M, Sabbah M, Soulère L, El Efrit ML, Queneau Y, Doutheau A. AHL-dependent quorum sensing inhibition: Synthesis and biological evaluation of α-(N-alkyl-carboxamide)-γ-butyrolactones and α-(N-alkyl-sulfonamide)-γ-butyrolactones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6876-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Stowe SD, Richards JJ, Tucker AT, Thompson R, Melander C, Cavanagh J. Anti-biofilm compounds derived from marine sponges. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:2010-2035. [PMID: 22073007 PMCID: PMC3210616 DOI: 10.3390/md9102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are surface-attached communities of microorganisms that are protected by an extracellular matrix of biomolecules. In the biofilm state, bacteria are significantly more resistant to external assault, including attack by antibiotics. In their native environment, bacterial biofilms underpin costly biofouling that wreaks havoc on shipping, utilities, and offshore industry. Within a host environment, they are insensitive to antiseptics and basic host immune responses. It is estimated that up to 80% of all microbial infections are biofilm-based. Biofilm infections of indwelling medical devices are of particular concern, since once the device is colonized, infection is almost impossible to eliminate. Given the prominence of biofilms in infectious diseases, there is a notable effort towards developing small, synthetically available molecules that will modulate bacterial biofilm development and maintenance. Here, we highlight the development of small molecules that inhibit and/or disperse bacterial biofilms specifically through non-microbicidal mechanisms. Importantly, we discuss several sets of compounds derived from marine sponges that we are developing in our labs to address the persistent biofilm problem. We will discuss: discovery/synthesis of natural products and their analogues—including our marine sponge-derived compounds and initial adjuvant activity and toxicological screening of our novel anti-biofilm compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D. Stowe
- Department of Molecular & Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; E-Mails: (S.D.S.); (A.T.T.); (R.T.)
| | - Justin J. Richards
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; E-Mails: (J.J.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Ashley T. Tucker
- Department of Molecular & Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; E-Mails: (S.D.S.); (A.T.T.); (R.T.)
| | - Richele Thompson
- Department of Molecular & Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; E-Mails: (S.D.S.); (A.T.T.); (R.T.)
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; E-Mails: (J.J.R.); (C.M.)
| | - John Cavanagh
- Department of Molecular & Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; E-Mails: (S.D.S.); (A.T.T.); (R.T.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-919-513-4349; Fax: +1-919-515-2047
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Su Z, Peng L, Worthington RJ, Melander C. Evaluation of 4,5-disubstituted-2-aminoimidazole-triazole conjugates for antibiofilm/antibiotic resensitization activity against MRSA and Acinetobacter baumannii. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:2243-51. [PMID: 21928438 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A library of 4,5-disubstituted-2-aminoimidazole-triazole conjugates (2-AITs) was synthesized, and the antibiofilm activity was investigated. This class of small molecules was found to inhibit biofilm formation by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at low-micromolar concentrations; 4,5-disubstituted-2-AITs were also able to inhibit and disperse Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms. The activities of the lead compounds were compared against the naturally occurring biofilm dispersant cis-2-decenoic acid and were revealed to be more potent. The ability of selected compounds to resensitize MRSA to traditional antibiotics (resensitization activity) was also determined. Lead compounds were observed to resensitize MRSA to oxacillin by 2-4-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Su
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
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47
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A facile synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted-2-aminoimidazoles: Antibiotic activity of a first generation library. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4516-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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48
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Steenackers HP, Ermolat’ev DS, Savaliya B, Weerdt AD, Coster DD, Shah A, Van der Eycken EV, De Vos DE, Vanderleyden J, De Keersmaecker SC. Structure–activity relationship of 2-hydroxy-2-aryl-2,3-dihydro-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidinium salts and 2N-substituted 4(5)-aryl-2-amino-1H-imidazoles as inhibitors of biofilm formation by Salmonella Typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3462-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Peach KC, Bray WM, Shikuma NJ, Gassner NC, Lokey RS, Yildiz FH, Linington RG. An image-based 384-well high-throughput screening method for the discovery of biofilm inhibitors in Vibrio cholerae. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:1176-84. [PMID: 21246108 PMCID: PMC8216101 DOI: 10.1039/c0mb00276c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are assemblages of bacterial cells and extracellular matrix that result in the creation of surface-associated macrocolony formation. Most bacteria are capable of forming biofilms under suitable conditions. Biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria on medical implant devices has been linked to implant rejection in up to 10% of cases, due to biofilm-related secondary infections. In addition, biofilm formation has been implicated in both bacterial persistence and antibiotic resistance. In this study, a method has been developed for the discovery of small molecule inhibitors of biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae, through the use of high-throughput epifluorescence microscopy imaging. Adaptation of a strategy for the growth of bacterial biofilms in wellplates, and the subsequent quantification of biofilm coverage within these wells, provides the first example of an image-based 384-well format system for the evaluation of biofilm inhibition in V. cholerae. Application of this method to the high-throughput screening of small molecule libraries has lead to the discovery of 29 biofilm lead structures, many of which eliminate biofilm formation without altering bacterial cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Peach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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50
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-aminoimidazole/carbamate hybrid anti-biofilm and anti-microbial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1257-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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