1
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Li M, Shi YQ, Gan X, Su L, Liang J, Wu H, You Y, Che M, Su P, Wu T, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Yao LY, Wang P, Xie TZ. Coordination-Driven Tetragonal Prismatic Cage and the Investigation on Host-Guest Complexation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4393-4398. [PMID: 36892430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
A coordination-driven host has been reported to encapsulate guests by noncovalent interactions. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a new type of prism combining porphyrin and terpyridine moieties with a long cavity. The prism host can contain bisite or monosite guests through axial coordination binding of porphyrin and aromatic π interactions of terpyridine. The ligands and prismatic complexes were characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), TWIM-MS, NMR spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The guest encapsulation was investigated through ESI-MS, NMR spectrometry, and transient absorption spectroscopy analysis. The binding constant and stability were determined by UV-Vis spectrometry and gradient tandem MS (gMS2) techniques. Based on the prism, a selectively confined condensation reaction was also performed and detected by NMR spectrometry. This study provides a new type of porphyrin- and terpyridine-based host that could be used for the detection of pyridyl- and amine-contained molecules and confined catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu-Qi Shi
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinye Gan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Longbin Su
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jialin Liang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huiqi Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiting You
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meizi Che
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peiyang Su
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tun Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liao-Yuan Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ting-Zheng Xie
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2
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Fasano F, Bolgar P, Iadevaia G, Hunter CA. Supramolecular template-directed synthesis of triazole oligomers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13085-13093. [PMID: 36425510 PMCID: PMC9667925 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandwich complexes formed by two zinc porphyrins and a diamine ligand (DABCO) have been used as a supramolecular template to direct the synthesis of triazole oligomers. Monomer units equipped with two polymerizable functional groups, an alkyne and an azide, were attached to the template via ester bonds between a phenol unit on the monomer and benzoic acid units on the porphyrin. Self-assembly of the zinc porphyrins by addition of DABCO led to a supramolecular complex containing four of the monomer units, two on each porphyrin. CuAAC oligomerisation was carried out in the presence of a chain capping agent to prevent intermolecular reactions between the templated products, which carry reactive chain ends. The templated-directed oligomerisation resulted in selective formation of a duplex, which contains two identical chains of triazole oligomers connecting the porphyrin linkers. The effective molarity for the intramolecular CuAAC reactions on the template is 3–9 mM, and because the triazole backbone has a direction, the product duplex was obtained as a 4 : 1 mixture of the parallel and antiparallel isomers. Hydrolysis of the ester bonds connecting the oligomers to the template gave a single product, the phenol 2-mer, in excellent yield. The introduction of a supramolecular element into the template considerably broadens the scope of the covalent template-directed oligomerisation methodology that we previously developed for the replication of sequence information in synthetic oligomers. A supramolecular metalloporphyrin assembly was used as a disposable template for controlling the oligomerisation of covalently attached monomer building blocks to give a linear oligomeric product that is not accessible via untemplated reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fasano
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Peter Bolgar
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Giulia Iadevaia
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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3
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Chiba Y, Oka Y, Masai H, Matsuda W, Fujihara T, Tsuji Y, Terao J. Two-step template method for synthesis of axis-length-controlled porphyrin-containing hollow structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6755-6758. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02866h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
π-Conjugated porphyrin-containing hollow structures with defined axis-length were successfully synthesized by a two-step template method, i.e., template-assisted cyclization and oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Chiba
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Yuki Oka
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | | | - Yasushi Tsuji
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
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4
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Abstract
We have reviewed recent advances in the synthesis of porphyrin cages and nanorings with flexible links, as well as their applications in host–guest chemistry and catalysis. Template-directed strategies have greatly facilitated the synthesis of porphyrin cages and nanorings with high complexities. Meanwhile, the unique features of flexible porphyrin cages and nanorings having a good balance between rigidity and flexibility make them especially suitable to encapsulate fullerenes, multipyridyl compounds and other guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yong Cen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zibin Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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5
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Cremers J, Richert S, Kondratuk DV, Claridge TDW, Timmel CR, Anderson HL. Nanorings with copper(ii) and zinc(ii) centers: forcing copper porphyrins to bind axial ligands in heterometallated oligomers. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6961-6968. [PMID: 28451130 PMCID: PMC5355962 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01809b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The affinity of copper(ii) porphyrins for pyridine ligands is extremely weak, but oligo-pyridine templates can be used to direct the synthesis of Cu-containing cyclic porphyrin oligomers when they also have Zn centers. We report the synthesis of two heterometallated nanorings: a six-porphyrin ring prepared from a Zn/Cu/Zn linear trimer and a ten-porphyrin ring prepared from a Zn/Zn/Cu/Zn/Zn pentamer. Both these macrocycles have copper porphyrins at two specific positions across the diameter of the ring and zinc at other sites. The presence of a paramagnetic metal results in broadening of the 1H NMR spectra and reduces the relaxation time constants (T1 and T2). The changes in T1 provide quantitative information on the distance of each proton from the copper atom. The Zn/Zn/Cu/Zn/Zn linear porphyrin pentamer binds strongly to a penta-pyridyl template, despite the weakness of the Cu-N interaction, because of the chelate cooperativity of the neighboring Zn-N coordination. The stabilities of a family of four linear porphyrin pentamer complexes were determined by UV-vis-NIR titration and analyzed using a chemical double-mutant cycle. The results show that the free energy of interaction of a copper center to axial pyridine ligands is -6.2 kJ mol-1 when the entropy cost of bringing together the two molecules has already been paid by pyridine-zinc interactions. The development of template-directed approaches to the synthesis of nanorings with combinations of different metals at specific positions around the ring opens up many possibilities for controlling the photophysical behavior of these supramolecular systems and for probing their conformations by EPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cremers
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Sabine Richert
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Centre for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance , Oxford OX1 3QR , UK
| | - Dmitry V Kondratuk
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Tim D W Claridge
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Christiane R Timmel
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Centre for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance , Oxford OX1 3QR , UK
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Chemistry Research Laboratory , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK .
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6
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Hiroto S, Miyake Y, Shinokubo H. Synthesis and Functionalization of Porphyrins through Organometallic Methodologies. Chem Rev 2016; 117:2910-3043. [PMID: 27709907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the postfunctionalization of porphyrins and related compounds through catalytic and stoichiometric organometallic methodologies. The employment of organometallic reactions has become common in porphyrin synthesis. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are now standard techniques for constructing carbon-carbon bonds in porphyrin synthesis. In addition, iridium- or palladium-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization of porphyrins is emerging as an efficient way to install various substituents onto porphyrins. Furthermore, the copper-mediated Huisgen cycloaddition reaction has become a frequent strategy to incorporate porphyrin units into functional molecules. The use of these organometallic techniques, along with the traditional porphyrin synthesis, now allows chemists to construct a wide range of highly elaborated and complex porphyrin architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Hiroto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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7
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Lee SH, Yang J, Kim D. Structure-Dependent Electronic Interactions in Ethyne-Bridged Porphyrin Arrays Investigated by Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:3676-3682. [PMID: 27575018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
By using single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, we have investigated the electronic interaction of ethyne-bridged porphyrin arrays (ZNE) depending on their structure. The fluorescence dynamics of ZNE show a large amount of one-step photobleaching behaviors, indicating the high degree of π-conjugation. The ratio of one-step photobleaching behavior decreased as the number of porphyrin units increased. This behavior indicates that the linear and shortest Z2E shows a strong electronic coupling between constituent porphyrin moieties. Structural properties and orientation of ZNE were also measured by wide-field excitation fluorescence spectroscopy (ExPFS) and defocused wide-field imaging (DWFI). The ExPFS and DWFI show that the structure of absorbing and emitting units of Z2E and Z3E are linear. On the other hand, star-shaped pentamer with five porphyrins acts as an absorbing unit, but unidirectional trimer moiety acts as an emitting unit in the Z5E molecule. Collectively, these studies provide further information on the electronic interaction depending on their structure and length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Lee
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jaesung Yang
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
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8
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Wang SP, Shen YF, Zhu BY, Wu J, Li S. Recent advances in the template-directed synthesis of porphyrin nanorings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10205-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article reviews recent advances in the template-directed synthesis of porphyrin nanorings, including new templating methods, novel structures, and their applications in host–guest chemistry and artificial light-harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Wang
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Feng Shen
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Ben-Yue Zhu
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
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9
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Neuhaus P, Cnossen A, Gong JQ, Herz LM, Anderson HL. A Molecular Nanotube with Three-Dimensional π-Conjugation. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 127:7452-7456. [PMID: 27478266 PMCID: PMC4955231 DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A π-conjugated twelve-porphyrin tube is synthesized in 32 % yield by a template-directed coupling reaction that joins together six porphyrin dimers, forming twelve new C-C bonds. The nanotube has two bound templates, enclosing an internal volume of approximately 4.5 nm3. Its UV/Vis/NIR absorption and fluorescence spectra resemble those of a previously reported six-porphyrin ring, but are red-shifted by approximately 300 cm-1, reflecting increased conjugation. Ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrates extensive excited-state delocalization. Transfer of electronic excitation from an initially formed state polarized in the direction of the nanotube axis (z axis) to an excited state polarized in the xy plane occurs within 200 fs, resulting in a negative fluorescence anisotropy on excitation at 742 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Neuhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://hla.chem.ox.ac.uk/
| | - Arjen Cnossen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://hla.chem.ox.ac.uk/
| | - Juliane Q. Gong
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU (UK)
| | - Laura M. Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU (UK)
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://hla.chem.ox.ac.uk/
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10
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Neuhaus P, Cnossen A, Gong JQ, Herz LM, Anderson HL. A Molecular Nanotube with Three-Dimensional π-Conjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7344-8. [PMID: 25950655 PMCID: PMC4510782 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A π-conjugated twelve-porphyrin tube is synthesized in 32 % yield by a template-directed coupling reaction that joins together six porphyrin dimers, forming twelve new C=C bonds. The nanotube has two bound templates, enclosing an internal volume of approximately 4.5 nm3. Its UV/Vis/NIR absorption and fluorescence spectra resemble those of a previously reported six-porphyrin ring, but are red-shifted by approximately 300 cm−1, reflecting increased conjugation. Ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrates extensive excited-state delocalization. Transfer of electronic excitation from an initially formed state polarized in the direction of the nanotube axis (z axis) to an excited state polarized in the xy plane occurs within 200 fs, resulting in a negative fluorescence anisotropy on excitation at 742 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Neuhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://hla.chem.ox.ac.uk/
| | - Arjen Cnossen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://hla.chem.ox.ac.uk/
| | - Juliane Q Gong
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU (UK)
| | - Laura M Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU (UK)
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://hla.chem.ox.ac.uk/.
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11
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Zhu B, Chen H, Lin W, Ye Y, Wu J, Li S. Template-Directed Synthesis of Flexible Porphyrin Nanocage and Nanorings via One-Step Olefin Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15126-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja507531b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Huanxin Chen
- College of Material, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- College of Material, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Yang Ye
- College of Material, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Material, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
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12
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Durot S, Taesch J, Heitz V. Multiporphyrinic cages: architectures and functions. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8542-78. [PMID: 25026396 DOI: 10.1021/cr400673y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 , 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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13
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Chakraborty S, Mondal S, Bhowmick S, Ma J, Tan H, Neogi S, Das N. Triptycene based organometallic complexes: a new class of acceptor synthons for supramolecular ensembles. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:13270-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01298d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New triptycene based organometallic complexes have been synthesized and subsequently used for design of the triptycene motif containing nanoscalar trigonal prisms. Flexible 3,3′-bipyridine is employed as a donor unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| | - Snehasish Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| | - Sourav Bhowmick
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| | - Jianqiu Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Subhadip Neogi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
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14
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Cook TR, Zheng YR, Stang PJ. Metal-organic frameworks and self-assembled supramolecular coordination complexes: comparing and contrasting the design, synthesis, and functionality of metal-organic materials. Chem Rev 2013; 113:734-77. [PMID: 23121121 PMCID: PMC3764682 DOI: 10.1021/cr3002824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2126] [Impact Index Per Article: 193.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
| | - Yao-Rong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
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15
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Alessio E, Casanova M, Zangrando E, Iengo E. Modular self-assembled multiporphyrin cages with tunable shape. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:5112-4. [PMID: 22514084 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31420g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new molecular cages-a trigonal prism (2) and two cubic-shaped boxes of increasing size (3, 4)-featuring as many as 10 porphyrins were obtained in quantitative yields by self-assembly of a single bis-zincporphyrin metallacycle (1) with appropriate polytopic N-linkers: the trigonal planar tpt or the cruciform porphyrins 4'-TPyP and 4'-TPhPyP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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16
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Totten RK, Ryan P, Kang B, Lee SJ, Broadbelt LJ, Snurr RQ, Hupp JT, Nguyen ST. Enhanced catalytic decomposition of a phosphate triester by modularly accessible bimetallic porphyrin dyads and dimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4178-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Taesch J, Heitz V, Topić F, Rissanen K. Templated synthesis of a large and flexible covalent porphyrinic cage bearing orthogonal recognition sites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:5118-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31855e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Kang B, Kurutz JW, Youm KT, Totten RK, Hupp JT, Nguyen ST. Catalytically active supramolecular porphyrin boxes: acceleration of the methanolysis of phosphate triesters via a combination of increased local nucleophilicity and reactant encapsulation. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc00950a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Chakrabarty R, Mukherjee PS, Stang PJ. Supramolecular coordination: self-assembly of finite two- and three-dimensional ensembles. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6810-918. [PMID: 21863792 PMCID: PMC3212633 DOI: 10.1021/cr200077m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2287] [Impact Index Per Article: 175.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Han J, Deng C, Fang R, Zhao D, Wang L, Gladysz JA. Square-Planar Palladium Complexes with Trans Di- and Tribenzylphosphine Ligands Bearing O(CH2)4CH═CH2 Substituents; Two- and Three-Fold Intramolecular Ring-Closing Metatheses. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100536g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Han
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscropic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscropic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Fang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscropic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscropic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Leyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscropic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2008. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hiraoka S, Yamauchi Y, Arakane R, Shionoya M. Template-directed synthesis of a covalent organic capsule based on a 3 nm-sized metallocapsule. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:11646-7. [PMID: 19645469 DOI: 10.1021/ja903324r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 4 nm-sized covalent organic capsule having 24 pyridyl groups was synthesized in extremely high yield (43% in three steps) using an octahedron-shaped metallocapsule as a template molecule. The entity was fully characterized by NMR and MALDI-TOF MS measurements. N-Methylation of the 24 pyridyl groups of the organic capsule produced a 5 nm-sized polycationic capsule, which is larger than the neutral precursory capsule because of the electrostatic repulsion between the positive charges on the pyridinium groups of the capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Zhang Y, Chen P, Ma Y, He S, Liu M. Acidification and assembly of porphyrin at an interface: counterion matching, selectivity, and supramolecular chirality. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2009; 1:2036-2043. [PMID: 20355830 DOI: 10.1021/am900399w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial diprotonation and assemblies of a free-base achiral porphyrin, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphine, on various acidic subphases were investigated. It has been shown that the compound could be diprotonated in situ on an acidic subphase and can form assemblies. The interfacially organized supramolecular assemblies were transferred onto a solid substrate, and the assemblies showed supramolecular chirality. Interestingly, the supramolecular chirality of the assemblies of the diprotonated species showed a counterion-dependent behavior. For the assemblies fabricated from the aqueous HCl subphases, a strong Cotton effect (CE) could be observed, although the porphyrin itself is achiral. When an aqueous HBr solution was used as the subphase, the assemblies showed a weak CE, whereas no CE could be detected for the assemblies formulated from the HNO3 or HI subphase. Interestingly, when a mixture of HBr and NaCl, or HNO3 and NaCl, was employed as the subphase, the formed assemblies displayed chiral features similar to those fabricated on the HCl subphase, suggesting that the Cl(-) could be preferentially visualized in terms of supramolecular chirality, although the system itself is composed of achiral species. On the basis of the experimental facts and a theoretical calculation, an explanation with regard to the different sizes of the counterions and the distinct binding affinities of the counteranions to the diprotonated porphyrin species has been proposed. Our findings provide new insights into the assembly of the diprotonated porphyrins as well as the interfacially occurring symmetry breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Monfette
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
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Standridge SD, Schatz GC, Hupp JT. Distance Dependence of Plasmon-Enhanced Photocurrent in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:8407-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9022072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey D. Standridge
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113
| | - Joseph T. Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113
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Standridge SD, Schatz GC, Hupp JT. Toward plasmonic solar cells: protection of silver nanoparticles via atomic layer deposition of TiO2. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:2596-2600. [PMID: 19437684 DOI: 10.1021/la900113e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic silver nanoparticles have unique properties that lend themselves to unusual optical applications, potentially including use as absorption amplifiers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, these particles are easily damaged under oxidizing conditions. Atomic layer deposition of TiO2 onto transparent-conductive-oxide-supported silver particles was examined as a means of protecting particles while simultaneously incorporating them into DSSC-functional photoelectrodes. The resulting assemblies were exposed to corrosive I-/I3- solutions, and the degree of silver etching was determined via scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. To form a pinhole-free (i.e., fully protective) crystalline TiO2 layer, 7.7 nm (300 cycles) must be deposited. If, however, a 0.2 nm (2 cycles) Al2O3 adhesion layer is included, only 5.8 nm (211 cycles) of TiO2 are necessary for the formation of a pinhole-free coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey D Standridge
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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