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Layer PG. In a century from agitated cells to human organoids. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 405:110083. [PMID: 38387805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Reaching back more than a century, suspension cultures have provided major insights into processes of histogenesis; e.g., cell communication, distinction of self/nonself, cell sorting and cell adhesion. Besides studies on lower animals, the vertebrate retina served as excellent reaggregate model to analyze 3D reconstruction of a complex neural laminar tissue. Methodologically, keeping cells under suspension is essential to achieve tissue organisation in vitro; thereby, the environmental conditions direct the emergent histotypic particulars. Recent progress in regenerative medicine is based to a large extent on human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which are cultured under suspension. Following their genetically directed differentiation into various histologic 3D structures, organoids provide excellent multipurpose in vitro assay models, as well as tissues for repair transplantations. Historically, a nearly fully laminated retinal spheroid from avian embryos was achieved already in 1984, foreshadowing the potential of culturing stem cells under suspension for tissue reconstruction purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gottlob Layer
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Developmental Biology & Neurogenetics, Schnittspahnstrasse 13, Darmstadt 64297, Germany.
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2
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Chen YS, Huang CH, Pai PC, Seo J, Lei KF. A Review on Microfluidics-Based Impedance Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010083. [PMID: 36671918 PMCID: PMC9855525 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance biosensors are powerful and continuously being developed for various biological sensing applications. In this line, the sensitivity of impedance biosensors embedded with microfluidic technologies, such as sheath flow focusing, dielectrophoretic focusing, and interdigitated electrode arrays, can still be greatly improved. In particular, reagent consumption reduction and analysis time-shortening features can highly increase the analytical capabilities of such biosensors. Moreover, the reliability and efficiency of analyses are benefited by microfluidics-enabled automation. Through the use of mature microfluidic technology, complicated biological processes can be shrunk and integrated into a single microfluidic system (e.g., lab-on-a-chip or micro-total analysis systems). By incorporating electrical impedance biosensors, hand-held and bench-top microfluidic systems can be easily developed and operated by personnel without professional training. Furthermore, the impedance spectrum provides broad information regarding cell size, membrane capacitance, cytoplasmic conductivity, and cytoplasmic permittivity without the need for fluorescent labeling, magnetic modifications, or other cellular treatments. In this review article, a comprehensive summary of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is presented. The structure of this article is based on the different substrate material categorizations. Moreover, the development trend of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is discussed, along with difficulties and challenges that may be encountered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shih Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jungmok Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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3
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Multielectrode biosensor chip for spatial resolution screening of 3D cell models based on microcavity arrays. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 202:114010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Jiang D, Liu J, Pan Y, Zhuang L, Wang P. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) techniques in tissue engineering. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:215-226. [PMID: 34390407 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the introduction of surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique for microfluidics has drawn a lot of attention. The pattern and mutual communication in cell layers, tissues, and organs play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration and may contribute to disease occurrence and progression. Tissue engineering aims to repair and regenerate damaged organs, depending on biomimetic scaffolds and advanced fabrication technology. However, traditional bioengineering synthesis approaches are time-consuming, heterogeneous, and unmanageable. It is hard to pattern cells in scaffolds effectively with no impact on cell viability and function. Here, we summarize a biocompatible, easily available, label-free, and non-invasive tool, surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, which is getting a lot of attention in tissue engineering. SAW technique can realize accurate sorting, manipulation, and cells' pattern and rapid formation of spheroids. By integrating several SAW devices onto lab-on-a-chip platforms, tissue engineering lab-on-a-chip system was proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to summarize the application of this novel technique in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Jiang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuxiang Pan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Sensor Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
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5
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Gong L, Petchakup C, Shi P, Tan PL, Tan LP, Tay CY, Hou HW. Direct and Label-Free Cell Status Monitoring of Spheroids and Microcarriers Using Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007500. [PMID: 33759381 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
3D cellular spheroids/microcarriers (100 µm-1 mm) are widely used in biomanufacturing, and non-invasive biosensors are useful to monitor cell quality in bioprocesses. In this work, a novel microfluidic approach for label-free and continuous-flow monitoring of single spheroid/microcarrier (hydrogel and Cytodex) based on electrical impedance spectroscopy using co-planar Field's metal electrodes is reported. Through numerical simulation and experimental validation, two unique impedance signatures (|ZLF | (60 kHz), |ZHF | (1 MHz)) which are optimal for spheroid growth and viability monitoring are identified. Using a closed-loop recirculation system, it is demonstrated that |ZLF | increases with breast cancer (MCF-7) spheroid biomass, while higher opacity (impedance ratio |ZHF |/|ZLF |) indicates cell death due to compromised cell membrane. Anti-cancer drug (paclitaxel)-treated spheroids also exhibit lower |ZLF | with increased cell dissociation. Interestingly, impedance characterization of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation on Cytodex microcarriers reveals that adipogenic cells (higher intracellular lipid content) exhibit higher impedance than osteogenic cells (more conductive due to calcium ions) for both microcarriers and single cell level. Taken together, the developed platform offers great versatility for multi-parametric analysis of spheroids/microcarriers at high throughput (≈1 particle/s), and can be readily integrated into bioreactors for long-term and remote monitoring of biomass and cell quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Gong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Chayakorn Petchakup
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Pujiang Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Pei Leng Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Lay Poh Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141
- Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553
| | - Han Wei Hou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine, Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #10-01, CREATE Tower, Singapore, 138602
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A Membrane Filter-Assisted Mammalian Cell-Based Biosensor Enabling 3D Culture and Pathogen Detection. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21093042. [PMID: 33926091 PMCID: PMC8123675 DOI: 10.3390/s21093042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a membrane filter-assisted cell-based biosensing platform by using a polyester membrane as a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture scaffold in which cells can be grown by physical attachment. The membrane was simply treated with ethanol to increase surficial hydrophobicity, inducing the stable settlement of cells via gravity. The 3D membrane scaffold was able to provide a relatively longer cell incubation time (up to 16 days) as compared to a common two-dimensional (2D) cell culture environment. For a practical application, we fabricated a cylindrical cartridge to support the scaffold membranes stacked inside the cartridge, enabling not only the maintenance of a certain volume of culture media but also the simple exchange of media in a flow-through manner. The cartridge-type cell-based analytical system was exemplified for pathogen detection by measuring the quantities of toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) induced by applying a lysate of P. aeruginosa and live E. coli, respectively, providing a fast, convenient colorimetric TLR1 immunoassay. The color images of membranes were digitized to obtain the response signals. We expect the method to further be applied as an alternative tool to animal testing in various research areas such as cosmetic toxicity and drug efficiency.
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Schulze T, Mattern K, Erfle P, Brüning D, Scherneck S, Dietzel A, Rustenbeck I. A Parallel Perifusion Slide From Glass for the Functional and Morphological Analysis of Pancreatic Islets. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:615639. [PMID: 33763408 PMCID: PMC7982818 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.615639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An islet-on-chip system in the form of a completely transparent microscope slide optically accessible from both sides was developed. It is made from laser-structured borosilicate glass and enables the parallel perifusion of five microchannels, each containing one islet precisely immobilized in a pyramidal well. The islets can be in inserted via separate loading windows above each pyramidal well. This design enables a gentle, fast and targeted insertion of the islets and a reliable retention in the well while at the same time permitting a sufficiently fast exchange of the media. In addition to the measurement of the hormone content in the fractionated efflux, parallel live cell imaging of the islet is possible. By programmable movement of the microscopic stage imaging of five wells can be performed. The current chip design ensures sufficient time resolution to characterize typical parameters of stimulus-secretion coupling. This was demonstrated by measuring the reaction of the islets to stimulation by glucose and potassium depolarization. After the perifusion experiment islets can be removed for further analysis. The live-dead assay of the removed islets confirmed that the process of insertion and removal was not detrimental to islet structure and viability. In conclusion, the present islet-on-chip design permits the practical implementation of parallel perifusion experiments on a single and easy to load glass slide. For each immobilized islet the correlation between secretion, signal transduction and morphology is possible. The slide concept allows the scale-up to even higher degrees of parallelization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Schulze
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai Mattern
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Per Erfle
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dennis Brüning
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stephan Scherneck
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Dietzel
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Rustenbeck
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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9
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Lee SJ, Lee HA. Trends in the development of human stem cell-based non-animal drug testing models. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:441-452. [PMID: 33093266 PMCID: PMC7585597 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.6.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In vivo animal models are limited in their ability to mimic the extremely complex systems of the human body, and there is increasing disquiet about the ethics of animal research. Many authorities in different geographical areas are considering implementing a ban on animal testing, including testing for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, there is a need for research into systems that can replicate the responses of laboratory animals and simulate environments similar to the human body in a laboratory. An in vitro two-dimensional cell culture model is widely used, because such a system is relatively inexpensive, easy to implement, and can gather considerable amounts of reference data. However, these models lack a real physiological extracellular environment. Recent advances in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and microfabrication techniques have facilitated the development of various 3D cell culture models. These include multicellular spheroids, organoids, and organs-on-chips, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. Organoids are organ-specific cell clusters created by aggregating cells derived from pluripotent, adult, and cancer stem cells. Patient-derived organoids can be used as models of human disease in a culture dish. Biomimetic organ chips are models that replicate the physiological and mechanical functions of human organs. Many organoids and organ-on-a-chips have been developed for drug screening and testing, so competition for patents between countries is also intensifying. We analyzed the scientific and technological trends underlying these cutting-edge models, which are developed for use as non-animal models for testing safety and efficacy at the nonclinical stages of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Hyang-Ae Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
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10
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Doctor A, Seifert V, Ullrich M, Hauser S, Pietzsch J. Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Systems in Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102765. [PMID: 32993034 PMCID: PMC7600608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In preclinical cancer research, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems such as multicellular spheroids and organoids are becoming increasingly important. They provide valuable information before studies on animal models begin and, in some cases, are even suitable for reducing or replacing animal experiments. Furthermore, they recapitulate microtumors, metastases, and the tumor microenvironment much better than monolayer culture systems could. Three-dimensional models show higher structural complexity and diverse cell interactions while reflecting (patho)physiological phenomena such as oxygen and nutrient gradients in the course of their growth or development. These interactions and properties are of great importance for understanding the pathophysiological importance of stromal cells and the extracellular matrix for tumor progression, treatment response, or resistance mechanisms of solid tumors. Special emphasis is placed on co-cultivation with tumor-associated cells, which further increases the predictive value of 3D models, e.g., for drug development. The aim of this overview is to shed light on selected 3D models and their advantages and disadvantages, especially from the radiopharmacist's point of view with focus on the suitability of 3D models for the radiopharmacological characterization of novel radiotracers and radiotherapeutics. Special attention is paid to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) as a predestined target for the development of new radionuclide-based theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Doctor
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.); (M.U.); (S.H.)
- School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Verena Seifert
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.); (M.U.); (S.H.)
- School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.); (M.U.); (S.H.)
| | - Sandra Hauser
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.); (M.U.); (S.H.)
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.); (M.U.); (S.H.)
- School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-351-260-2622
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Beauchamp P, Jackson CB, Ozhathil LC, Agarkova I, Galindo CL, Sawyer DB, Suter TM, Zuppinger C. 3D Co-culture of hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes With Cardiac Fibroblasts Improves Tissue-Like Features of Cardiac Spheroids. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:14. [PMID: 32118040 PMCID: PMC7033479 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Both cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts (CF) play essential roles in cardiac development, function, and remodeling. Properties of 3D co-cultures are incompletely understood. Hence, 3D co-culture of cardiomyocytes and CF was characterized, and selected features compared with single-type and 2D culture conditions. Methods: Human cardiomyocytes derived from induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) were obtained from Cellular Dynamics or Ncardia, and primary human cardiac fibroblasts from ScienCell. Cardiac spheroids were investigated using cryosections and whole-mount confocal microscopy, video motion analysis, scanning-, and transmission-electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), action potential recording, and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results: Spheroids formed in hanging drops or in non-adhesive wells showed spontaneous contractions for at least 1 month with frequent media changes. SEM of mechanically opened spheroids revealed a dense inner structure and no signs of blebbing. TEM of co-culture spheroids at 1 month showed myofibrils, intercalated disc-like structures and mitochondria. Ultrastructural features were comparable to fetal human myocardium. We then assessed immunostained 2D cultures, cryosections of spheroids, and whole-mount preparations by confocal microscopy. CF in co-culture spheroids assumed a small size and shape similar to the situation in ventricular tissue. Spheroids made only of CF and cultured for 3 weeks showed no stress fibers and strongly reduced amounts of alpha smooth muscle actin compared to early spheroids and 2D cultures as shown by confocal microscopy, western blotting, and qPCR. The addition of CF to cardiac spheroids did not lead to arrhythmogenic effects as measured by sharp-electrode electrophysiology. Video motion analysis showed a faster spontaneous contraction rate in co-culture spheroids compared to pure hiPSC-CMs, but similar contraction amplitudes and kinetics. Spontaneous contraction rates were not dependent on spheroid size. Applying increasing pacing frequencies resulted in decreasing contraction amplitudes without positive staircase effect. Gene expression analysis of selected cytoskeleton and myofibrillar proteins showed more tissue-like expression patterns in co-culture spheroids than with cardiomyocytes alone or in 2D culture. Conclusion: We demonstrate that the use of 3D co-culture of hiPSC-CMs and CF is superior over 2D culture conditions for co-culture models and more closely mimicking the native state of the myocardium with relevance to drug development as well as for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Beauchamp
- Cardiology Department, DBMR MEM C812, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christopher B. Jackson
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- IKELOS GmbH, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Cristi L. Galindo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Douglas B. Sawyer
- Department of Cardiac Services, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME, United States
| | - Thomas M. Suter
- Cardiology Department, DBMR MEM C812, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Zuppinger
- Cardiology Department, DBMR MEM C812, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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Gerasimenko T, Nikulin S, Zakharova G, Poloznikov A, Petrov V, Baranova A, Tonevitsky A. Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Monitoring Performance in 3D Models of Epithelial Tissues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:474. [PMID: 32039179 PMCID: PMC6992543 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to traditional 2D cell cultures, both 3D models and organ-on-a-chip devices allow the study of the physiological responses of human cells. These models reconstruct human tissues in conditions closely resembling the body. Translation of these techniques into practice is hindered by associated labor costs, a need which may be remedied by automation. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is a promising, automation-compatible label-free technology allowing to carry out a wide range of measurements both in real-time and as endpoints. IS has been applied to both the barrier cultures and the 3D constructs. Here we provide an overview of the impedance-based analysis in different setups and discuss its utility for organ-on-a-chip devices. Most attractive features of impedance-based assays are their compatibility with high-throughput format and supports for the measurements in real time with high temporal resolution, which allow tracing of the kinetics. As of now, IS-based techniques are not free of limitations, including imperfect understanding of the parameters that have their effects on the impedance, especially in 3D cell models, and relatively high cost of the consumables. Moreover, as the theory of IS stems from electromagnetic theory and is quite complex, work on popularization and explanation of the method for experimental biologists is required. It is expected that overcoming these limitations will lead to eventual establishing IS based systems as a standard for automated management of cell-based experiments in both academic and industry environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergey Nikulin
- Scientific Research Centre Bioclinicum, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Microphysiological Systems, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Galina Zakharova
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncoendocrinology, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Poloznikov
- Laboratory of Microphysiological Systems, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Petrov
- Scientific Research Centre Bioclinicum, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Development and Research of Micro- and Nanosystems, Institute of Nanotechnologies of Microelectronics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, “Research Centre for Medical Genetics”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Microfluidic Technologies for Biomedicine, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
- art photonics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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Electrochemical live monitoring of tumor cell migration out of micro-tumors on an innovative multiwell high-dense microelectrode array. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13875. [PMID: 31554899 PMCID: PMC6761180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding of cell migration and spreading out of tumor tissue is of great interest concerning the mechanism and causes of tumor malignancy and metastases. Although there are methods available for studying cell migration on monolayer cell cultures like transwell assays, novel techniques for monitoring cell spreading out of 3D organoids or tumor tissue samples are highly required. In this context, we developed an innovative high-dense microelectrode array for impedimetric monitoring of cell migration from 3D tumor cultures. For a proof of concept, a strongly migrating breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and two malignant melanoma cell lines (T30.6.9, T12.8.10ZII) were used for generating viable micro-tumor models. The migration propensity was determined by impedimetric monitoring over 144 hours, correlated by microscopy and validated by transwell assays. The impedimetric analysis of covered electrodes and the relative impedance maximum values revealed extended information regarding the contribution of proliferative effects. More strikingly, using reference populations of mitomycin C treated spheroids where proliferation was suppressed, distinction of proliferation and migration was possible. Therefore, our high-dense microelectrode array based impedimetric migration monitoring has the capability for an automated quantitative analysis system that can be easily scaled up as well as integrated in lab on chip devices.
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Ahn J, Lim J, Jusoh N, Lee J, Park TE, Kim Y, Kim J, Jeon NL. 3D Microfluidic Bone Tumor Microenvironment Comprised of Hydroxyapatite/Fibrin Composite. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:168. [PMID: 31380359 PMCID: PMC6653063 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common sites of cancer metastasis, as its fertile microenvironment attracts tumor cells. The unique mechanical properties of bone extracellular matrix (ECM), mainly composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) affect a number of cellular responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as proliferation, migration, viability, and morphology, as well as angiogenic activity, which is related to bone metastasis. In this study, we engineered a bone-mimetic microenvironment to investigate the interactions between the TME and HA using a microfluidic platform designed for culturing tumor cells in 3D bone-mimetic composite of HA and fibrin. We developed a bone metastasis TME model from colorectal cancer (SW620) and gastric cancer (MKN74) cells, which has very poor prognosis but rarely been investigated. The microfluidic platform enabled straightforward formation of 3D TME composed the hydrogel and multiple cell types. This facilitated monitoring of the effect of HA concentration and culture time on the TME. In 3D bone mimicking culture, we found that HA rich microenvironment affects cell viability, proliferation and cancer cell cytoplasmic volume in a manner dependent on the different metastatic cancer cell types and culture duration indicating the spatial heterogeneity (different origin of metastatic cancer) and temporal heterogeneity (growth time of cancer) of TME. We also found that both SW620 and MKN72 cells exhibited significantly reduced migration at higher HA concentration in our platform indicating inhibitory effect of HA in both cancer cells migration. Next, we quantitatively analyzed angiogenic sprouts induced by paracrine factors that secreted by TME and showed paracrine signals from tumor and stromal cell with a high HA concentration resulted in the formation of fewer sprouts. Finally we reconstituted vascularized TME allowing direct interaction between angiogenic sprouts and tumor-stroma microspheroids in a bone-mimicking microenvironment composing a tunable HA/fibrin composite. Our multifarious approach could be applied to drug screening and mechanistic studies of the metastasis, growth, and progression of bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungho Ahn
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jungeun Lim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Norhana Jusoh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Faculty of Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Jungseub Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - YongTae Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of WCU (World Class University) Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Ahn J, Lim J, Jusoh N, Lee J, Park TE, Kim Y, Kim J, Jeon NL. 3D Microfluidic Bone Tumor Microenvironment Comprised of Hydroxyapatite/Fibrin Composite. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019. [PMID: 31380359 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00168/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common sites of cancer metastasis, as its fertile microenvironment attracts tumor cells. The unique mechanical properties of bone extracellular matrix (ECM), mainly composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) affect a number of cellular responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as proliferation, migration, viability, and morphology, as well as angiogenic activity, which is related to bone metastasis. In this study, we engineered a bone-mimetic microenvironment to investigate the interactions between the TME and HA using a microfluidic platform designed for culturing tumor cells in 3D bone-mimetic composite of HA and fibrin. We developed a bone metastasis TME model from colorectal cancer (SW620) and gastric cancer (MKN74) cells, which has very poor prognosis but rarely been investigated. The microfluidic platform enabled straightforward formation of 3D TME composed the hydrogel and multiple cell types. This facilitated monitoring of the effect of HA concentration and culture time on the TME. In 3D bone mimicking culture, we found that HA rich microenvironment affects cell viability, proliferation and cancer cell cytoplasmic volume in a manner dependent on the different metastatic cancer cell types and culture duration indicating the spatial heterogeneity (different origin of metastatic cancer) and temporal heterogeneity (growth time of cancer) of TME. We also found that both SW620 and MKN72 cells exhibited significantly reduced migration at higher HA concentration in our platform indicating inhibitory effect of HA in both cancer cells migration. Next, we quantitatively analyzed angiogenic sprouts induced by paracrine factors that secreted by TME and showed paracrine signals from tumor and stromal cell with a high HA concentration resulted in the formation of fewer sprouts. Finally we reconstituted vascularized TME allowing direct interaction between angiogenic sprouts and tumor-stroma microspheroids in a bone-mimicking microenvironment composing a tunable HA/fibrin composite. Our multifarious approach could be applied to drug screening and mechanistic studies of the metastasis, growth, and progression of bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungho Ahn
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jungeun Lim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Norhana Jusoh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Jungseub Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - YongTae Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of WCU (World Class University) Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Seoul National University Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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16
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Michelini E, Calabretta MM, Cevenini L, Lopreside A, Southworth T, Fontaine DM, Simoni P, Branchini BR, Roda A. Smartphone-based multicolor bioluminescent 3D spheroid biosensors for monitoring inflammatory activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 123:269-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Curto VF, Ferro MP, Mariani F, Scavetta E, Owens RM. A planar impedance sensor for 3D spheroids. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:933-943. [PMID: 29459934 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00067k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three dimensional cell culture systems have witnessed rapid expansion in the fields of tissue engineering and drug testing owing to their inherent ability to mimic native tissue microenvironments. High throughput technologies have also facilitated rapid and reproducible generation of spheroids and subsequently their use as in vitro tissue models in drug screening platforms. However, drug screening technologies are in need of monitoring platforms to study these 3D culture models. In this work we present a novel platform to measure the electrical impedance of 3D spheroids, through the use of a planar organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) and a novel circular-shaped microtrap. A new strategy was generated to overcome incompatibility of the integration of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microdevices with OECT fabrication. The impedance platform for 3D spheroids was tested by using spheroids formed from mono-cultures of fibroblast and epithelial cells, as well as co-culture of the two cell types. We validated the platform by showing its ability to measure the spheroid resistance (Rsph) of the 3D spheroids and differences in Rsph were found to be related to the ion permeability of the spheroid. Additionally, we showed the potential use of the platform for the on-line Rsph monitoring when a co-culture spheroid was exposed to a porogenic agent affecting the integrity of the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- V F Curto
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
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18
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Study of small-cell lung cancer cell-based sensor and its applications in chemotherapy effects rapid evaluation for anticancer drugs. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 97:184-195. [PMID: 28599178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a smoking-related cancer disease. Despite improvement in clinical survival, SCLC outcome remains extremely poor. Cisplatin (DDP) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for SCLC, but the choice of second-line chemotherapy drugs is not clear. In this paper, a SCLC cell-based sensor was proposed, and its applications in chemotherapy effects rapid evaluation for anticancer drugs were investigated. SCLC cell lines lung adenocarcinoma cell (LTEP-P) and DDP-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell (LTEP-P/DDP-1.0) are cultured on carbon screen-printed electrode (CSPE) to fabricate integrated cell-based sensor. Several chemotherapy anticancer drugs, including cisplatin, ifosmamide, gemcitabine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, etoposide, camptothecin, and topotecan, are selected as experimental chemicals. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests are conducted to evaluate chemotherapy drug effects on LTEP-P and LTEP-P/DDP-1.0 cell lines. Electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) responses to anti-tumor chemicals are measured and processed by double-layered cascaded stochastic resonance (DCSR). Cisplatin solutions in different concentrations measurement results demonstrate that LTEP-P cell-based sensor presents quantitative analysis abilities for cisplatin and topotecan. Cisplatin and its mixtures can also be discriminated. Results demonstrate that LTEP-P cell-based sensor sensitively evaluates chemotherapy drugs' apoptosis function to SCLC cells. LTEP-P/DDP-1.0 cell-based sensor responses demonstrate that gemcitabine, vinorelbine, and camptothecin are ideal second-line drugs for clinical post-cisplatin therapy than other drugs according to MTT test results. This work provides a novel way for SCLC second-line clinical chemotherapy drug screening.
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19
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Inal S, Hama A, Ferro M, Pitsalidis C, Oziat J, Iandolo D, Pappa AM, Hadida M, Huerta M, Marchat D, Mailley P, Owens RM. Conducting Polymer Scaffolds for Hosting and Monitoring 3D Cell Culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahika Inal
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Hama
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Magali Ferro
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Julie Oziat
- CEA; LETI; MINATEC Campus; 38054 Grenoble France
| | - Donata Iandolo
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Mikhael Hadida
- Laboratoire Sainbiose; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CIS-EMSE; St. Etienne 42023 France
| | - Miriam Huerta
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis; Cinvestav 14-740, 070000 Mexico
| | - David Marchat
- Laboratoire Sainbiose; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CIS-EMSE; St. Etienne 42023 France
| | | | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
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20
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Zuppinger C. Edge-Detection for Contractility Measurements with Cardiac Spheroids. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6661-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Li J, Feng H, Fang Y. Cell suspension concentration monitoring by using a miniaturized serial high frequency SAWR sensor. Bioengineered 2015; 6:351-6. [PMID: 26588250 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2015.1119342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a miniaturized cell suspension concentration monitoring method was investigated. The sensing unit was a carbon screen-printed electrode (CSPE) in serial with a 433MHz vacuum-packaged surface acoustic wave resonator (SAWR). SAWR provided a stable and high operating frequency, which helps to keep the stability and sensitivity of the monitoring system. Living cells suspensions in different concentrations were prepared and dropcast on CSPE. Frequency responses of the sensor were recorded. Cell quantity variation within the same culture media volume changed the dielectric properties of CSPE and finally affected the SAWR frequency. SAWR frequency declined with the decrease of cell concentration. The proposed sensor provided high sensitivity and remarkable stability for the cell suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- a School of Information Engineering; Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang A & F University ; Linan , China
| | - Hailin Feng
- a School of Information Engineering; Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang A & F University ; Linan , China
| | - Yiming Fang
- a School of Information Engineering; Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang A & F University ; Linan , China
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22
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Tng DJH, Song P, Hu R, Yang C, Tan CH, Yong KT. Standalone Lab-on-a-Chip Systems toward the Evaluation of Therapeutic Biomaterials in Individualized Disease Treatment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:1055-1066. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Jian Hang Tng
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Peiyi Song
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Rui Hu
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Chengbin Yang
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Cher Heng Tan
- Department
of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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23
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Jahnke HG, Poenick S, Maschke J, Kendler M, Simon JC, Robitzki AA. Direct chemosensitivity monitoring ex vivo on undissociated melanoma tumor tissue by impedance spectroscopy. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6408-18. [PMID: 25267064 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stage III/IV melanoma remains incurable in most cases due to chemotherapeutic resistance. Thus, predicting and monitoring chemotherapeutic responses in this setting offer great interest. To overcome limitations of existing assays in evaluating the chemosensitivity of dissociated tumor cells, we developed a label-free monitoring system to directly analyze the chemosensitivity of undissociated tumor tissue. Using a preparation of tumor micro-fragments (TMF) established from melanoma biopsies, we characterized the tissue organization and biomarker expression by immunocytochemistry. Robust generation of TMF was established successfully and demonstrated on a broad range of primary melanoma tumors and tumor metastases. Organization and biomarker expression within the TMF were highly comparable with tumor tissue, in contrast to dissociated, cultivated tumor cells. Using isolated TMF, sensitivity to six clinically relevant chemotherapeutic drugs (dacarbazine, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, gemcitabine, and treosulfan) was determined by impedance spectroscopy in combination with a unique microcavity array technology we developed. In parallel, comparative analyses were performed on monolayer tumor cell cultures. Lastly, we determined the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents on TMF by impedance spectroscopy to obtain individual chemosensitivity patterns. Our results demonstrated nonpredictable differences in the reaction of tumor cells to chemotherapy in TMF by comparison with dissociated, cultivated tumor cells. Our direct impedimetric analysis of melanoma biopsies offers a direct ex vivo system to more reliably predict patient-specific chemosensitivity patterns and to monitor antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Poenick
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Maschke
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Kendler
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig Germany
| | - Jan C Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig Germany
| | - Andrea A Robitzki
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig, Germany.
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Eichler M, Jahnke HG, Krinke D, Müller A, Schmidt S, Azendorf R, Robitzki AA. A novel 96-well multielectrode array based impedimetric monitoring platform for comparative drug efficacy analysis on 2D and 3D brain tumor cultures. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 67:582-9. [PMID: 25445619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive cancer entities like neuroblastoma and glioblastoma multiforme are still difficult to treat and have discouraging prognosis in malignant stage. Since each tumor has its own characteristics concerning the sensitivity towards different chemotherapeutics and moreover, can obtain resistance, the development of novel chemotherapeutics with a broad activity spectrum, high efficacy and minimum side effects is a continuous process. Sophisticated in vitro assays for comprehensive prediction of in vivo drug efficacy and side effects represent an actual bottleneck in the drug development process. In this context, we developed a novel in vitro 2D and 3D multiwell-multielectrode device for drug efficacy monitoring based on direct real-time impedance spectroscopy measurement in combination with our unique 96-well multielectrode arrays and microcavity arrays. For demonstration, we used three neuro- and glioblastoma cell lines that were cultured as monolayer and multicellular tumor spheroids for recapitulating in vivo conditions. Using our novel 96-well multielectrode array based system it was possible to detect time and concentration dependent responses concerning treatment with doxorubicin, etoposide and vincristine. While all tested chemotherapeutics revealed high potency for apoptosis induction in neuroblastoma cells, etoposide was ineffective for glioblastoma cell lines. Determination of IC50 values allowed us to compare drug efficacy in 2D and 3D culture models and moreover, revealed chemotherapeutic and tumor cell line specific activity patterns. These pharmacokinetic patterns are of great interest in the context of preclinical drug development. Thus, impedance spectroscopy based monitoring systems could be used for the fast in vitro based in vivo prediction of novel anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Eichler
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dana Krinke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Schmidt
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronny Azendorf
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea A Robitzki
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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25
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Chemiluminometric immuno-analysis of innate immune response against repetitive bacterial stimulations for the same mammalian cells. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6011. [PMID: 25109895 PMCID: PMC4127502 DOI: 10.1038/srep06011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For monitoring of human cellular response to repetitive bacterial stimulations (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a lysate form), we devised a chemiluminescent immuno-analytical system for toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) as marker present on cell surfaces (e.g., A549). Upon stimulation, TLR1 recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns of the infectious agent and are then up-regulated via activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. In this study, the receptor density was quantified by employing an antibody specific to the target receptor and by producing a chemiluminometric signal from an enzyme labeled to the binder. The activated status was then switched back to normal down-regulated stage, by changing the culture medium to one containing animal serum. The major factors affecting activation were the stimulation dose of the bacterial lysate, stimulation timing during starvation, and up- and down-regulation time intervals. Reiterative TLR regulation switching up to three times was not affected by either antibody remained after immunoassay or enzyme substrate (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) in solution. This immuno-analysis for TLRs could be unique to acquire accumulated response of the human cells to repeated stimulations and, therefore, can eventually apply to persistency testing of the cellular regulation in screening of anti-inflammatory substances.
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26
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Shen K, Lee J, Yarmush ML, Parekkadan B. Microcavity substrates casted from self-assembled microsphere monolayers for spheroid cell culture. Biomed Microdevices 2014; 16:609-15. [PMID: 24781882 PMCID: PMC4415162 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-014-9863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular spheroids are an important 3-dimensional cell culture model that reflects many key aspects of in vivo microenvironments. This paper presents a scalable, self-assembly based approach for fabricating microcavity substrates for multicellular spheroid cell culture. Hydrophobic glass microbeads were self-assembled into a tightly packed monolayer through the combined actions of surface tension, gravity, and lateral capillary forces at the water-air interface of a polymer solution. The packed bead monolayer was subsequently embedded in the dried polymer layer. The surface was used as a template for replicating microcavity substrates with perfect spherical shapes. We demonstrated the use of the substrate in monitoring the formation process of tumor spheroids, a proof-of-concept scale-up fabrication procedure into standard microplate formats, and its application in testing cancer drug responses in the context of bone marrow stromal cells. The presented technique offers a simple and effective way of forming high-density uniformly-sized spheroids without microfabrication equipment for biological and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyue Shen
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jungwoo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Biju Parekkadan
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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27
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Hui G, Mi S, Ye S, Jin J, Chen Q, Yu Z. Tastant quantitative analysis from complex mixtures using taste cell-based sensor and double-layered cascaded series stochastic resonance. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Pradhan R, Rajput S, Mandal M, Mitra A, Das S. Frequency dependent impedimetric cytotoxic evaluation of anticancer drug on breast cancer cell. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 55:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Wang C, Tang Z, Zhao Y, Yao R, Li L, Sun W. Three-dimensional
in vitro
cancer models: a short review. Biofabrication 2014; 6:022001. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/6/2/022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Tu TY, Wang Z, Bai J, Sun W, Peng WK, Huang RYJ, Thiery JP, Kamm RD. Rapid prototyping of concave microwells for the formation of 3D multicellular cancer aggregates for drug screening. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:609-16. [PMID: 23983140 PMCID: PMC4038742 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Microwell technology has revolutionized many aspects of in vitro cellular studies from 2D traditional cultures to 3D in vivo-like functional assays. However, existing lithography-based approaches are often costly and time-consuming. This study presents a rapid, low-cost prototyping method of CO2 laser ablation of a conventional untreated culture dish to create concave microwells used for generating multicellular aggregates, which can be readily available for general laboratories. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polystyrene (PS) microwells are investigated, and each produces distinctive microwell features. Among these three materials, PS cell culture dishes produce the optimal surface smoothness and roundness. A549 lung cancer cells are grown to form cancer aggregates of controllable size from ≈40 to ≈80 μm in PS microwells. Functional assays of spheroids are performed to study migration on 2D substrates and in 3D hydrogel conditions as a step towards recapitulating the dissemination of cancer cells. Preclinical anti-cancer drug screening is investigated and reveals considerable differences between 2D and 3D conditions, indicating the importance of assay type as well as the utility of the present approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan Tu
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Zhe Wang
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Jing Bai
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Wei Sun
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Weng Kung Peng
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Ruby Yun-Ju Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore MD6, Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Jean-Paul Thiery
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology (IMCB), A-STAR Departement of Biochemistry School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center 1 CREATE Way, #04-13/14 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
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31
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Yajima Y, Yamada M, Yamada E, Iwase M, Seki M. Facile fabrication processes for hydrogel-based microfluidic devices made of natural biopolymers. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:024115. [PMID: 24803964 PMCID: PMC4000388 DOI: 10.1063/1.4871936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We present facile strategies for the fabrication of two types of microfluidic devices made of hydrogels using the natural biopolymers, alginate, and gelatin as substrates. The processes presented include the molding-based preparation of hydrogel plates and their chemical bonding. To prepare calcium-alginate hydrogel microdevices, we suppressed the volume shrinkage of the alginate solution during gelation using propylene glycol alginate in the precursor solution along with sodium alginate. In addition, a chemical bonding method was developed using a polyelectrolyte membrane of poly-L-lysine as the electrostatic glue. To prepare gelatin-based microdevices, we used microbial transglutaminase to bond hydrogel plates chemically and to cross-link and stabilize the hydrogel matrix. As an application, mammalian cells (fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells) were cultivated on the microchannel surface to form three-dimensional capillary-embedding tissue models for biological research and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Emi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masaki Iwase
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Minoru Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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32
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Jahnke HG, Steel D, Fleischer S, Seidel D, Kurz R, Vinz S, Dahlenborg K, Sartipy P, Robitzki AA. A novel 3D label-free monitoring system of hES-derived cardiomyocyte clusters: a step forward to in vitro cardiotoxicity testing. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68971. [PMID: 23861955 PMCID: PMC3704625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unexpected adverse effects on the cardiovascular system remain a major challenge in the development of novel active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). To overcome the current limitations of animal-based in vitro and in vivo test systems, stem cell derived human cardiomyocyte clusters (hCMC) offer the opportunity for highly predictable pre-clinical testing. The three-dimensional structure of hCMC appears more representative of tissue milieu than traditional monolayer cell culture. However, there is a lack of long-term, real time monitoring systems for tissue-like cardiac material. To address this issue, we have developed a microcavity array (MCA)-based label-free monitoring system that eliminates the need for critical hCMC adhesion and outgrowth steps. In contrast, feasible field potential derived action potential recording is possible immediately after positioning within the microcavity. Moreover, this approach allows extended observation of adverse effects on hCMC. For the first time, we describe herein the monitoring of hCMC over 35 days while preserving the hCMC structure and electrophysiological characteristics. Furthermore, we demonstrated the sensitive detection and quantification of adverse API effects using E4031, doxorubicin, and noradrenaline directly on unaltered 3D cultures. The MCA system provides multi-parameter analysis capabilities incorporating field potential recording, impedance spectroscopy, and optical read-outs on individual clusters giving a comprehensive insight into induced cellular alterations within a complex cardiac culture over days or even weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Tecnology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Fleischer
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Tecnology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Seidel
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Tecnology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Randy Kurz
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Tecnology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silvia Vinz
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Tecnology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Peter Sartipy
- Cellectis Stem Cells, Cellartis AB, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Andrea A. Robitzki
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Tecnology, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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33
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Schober A, Fernekorn U, Singh S, Schlingloff G, Gebinoga M, Hampl J, Williamson A. Mimicking the biological world: Methods for the 3D structuring of artificial cellular environments. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schober
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Uta Fernekorn
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Sukhdeep Singh
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Gregor Schlingloff
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Michael Gebinoga
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Jörg Hampl
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Adam Williamson
- Department of Nanobiosystem Technology, Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MacroNano®; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Ilmenau University of Technology; Ilmenau Germany
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34
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Shimizu K, Kusamori K, Nishikawa M, Mizuno N, Nishikawa T, Masuzawa A, Katano S, Takahashi Y, Takakura Y, Konishi S. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-coated microwell arrays for construction and recovery of multicellular spheroids. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 115:695-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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35
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Masuda T, Takei N, Nakano T, Anada T, Suzuki O, Arai F. A microfabricated platform to form three-dimensional toroidal multicellular aggregate. Biomed Microdevices 2013; 14:1085-93. [PMID: 22996697 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-012-9713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Techniques that allow cells to self-assemble into three-dimensional (3D) spheroid microtissues provide powerful in vitro models that are becoming increasingly popular in fields such as stem cell research, tissue engineering, and cancer biology. Appropriate simulation of the 3D environment in which tissues normally develop and function is crucial for the engineering of in vitro models that can be used for the formation of complex tissues. We have developed a unique multicellular aggregate formation platform that utilizes a maskless gray-scale photolithography. The cellular aggregate formed using this platform has a toroidal-like geometry and includes a micro lumen that facilitates the supply of oxygen and growth factors and the expulsion of waste products. As a result, this platform was capable of rapidly producing hundreds of multicellular aggregates at a time, and of regulating the diameter of aggregates with complex design. These toroidal multicellular aggregates can grow as long-term culture. In addition, the micro lumen can be used as a continuous channel and for the insertion of a vascular system or a nerve system into the assembled tissue. These platform characteristics highlight its potential to be used in a wide variety of applications, e.g. as a bioactuator, as a micro-machine component or in drug screening and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Masuda
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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36
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Jahnke HG, Heimann A, Azendorf R, Mpoukouvalas K, Kempski O, Robitzki AA, Charalampaki P. Impedance spectroscopy--an outstanding method for label-free and real-time discrimination between brain and tumor tissue in vivo. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 46:8-14. [PMID: 23500470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Until today, brain tumors especially glioblastoma are difficult to treat and therefore, results in a poor survival rate of 0-14% over five years. To overcome this problem, the development of novel therapeutics as well as optimization of neurosurgical procedures to remove the tumor tissue are subject of intensive research. The main problem of the tumor excision, as the primary clinical intervention is the diffuse infiltration of the tumor cells in unaltered brain tissue that complicates the complete removal of residual tumor cells. In this context, we are developing novel approaches for the label-free discrimination between tumor tissue and unaltered brain tissue in real-time during the surgical process. Using our impedance spectroscopy-based measurement system in combination with flexible microelectrode arrays we could successfully demonstrate the discrimination between a C6-glioma and unaltered brain tissue in an in vivo rat model. The analysis of the impedance spectra revealed specific impedance spectrum shape characteristics of physiologic neuronal tissue in the frequency range of 10-500 kHz that were significantly different from the tumor tissue. Moreover, we used an adapted equivalent circuit model to get a deeper understanding for the nature of the observed effects. The impedimetric label-free and real-time discrimination of tumor from unaltered brain tissue offers the possibility for the implementation in surgical instruments to support surgeons to decide, which tissue areas should be removed and which should be remained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany.
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37
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Alexander FA, Price DT, Bhansali S. From Cellular Cultures to Cellular Spheroids: Is Impedance Spectroscopy a Viable Tool for Monitoring Multicellular Spheroid (MCS) Drug Models? IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2013; 6:63-76. [DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2012.2222023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Luongo K, Holton A, Kaushik A, Spence P, Ng B, Deschenes R, Sundaram S, Bhansali S. Microfluidic device for trapping and monitoring three dimensional multicell spheroids using electrical impedance spectroscopy. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:34108. [PMID: 24404028 PMCID: PMC3689825 DOI: 10.1063/1.4809590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the design, fabrication, and testing of a lab-on-a-chip based microfluidic device for application of trapping and measuring the dielectric properties of microtumors over time using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) techniques were used to embed opposing electrodes onto the top and bottom surfaces of a microfluidic channel fabricated using Pyrex substrate, chrome gold, SU-8, and polydimethylsiloxane. Differing concentrations of cell culture medium, differing sized polystyrene beads, and MCF-7 microtumor spheroids were used to validate the designs ability to detect background conductivity changes and dielectric particle diameter changes between electrodes. The observed changes in cell medium concentrations demonstrated a linear relation to extracted solution resistance (Rs), while polystyrene beads and multicell spheroids induced changes in magnitude consistent with diameter increase. This design permits optical correlation between electrical measurements and EIS spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Luongo
- BioMEMs and Microfabrication system Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33172, USA ; Bioengineering Center, Draper Laboratory, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA ; Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Angela Holton
- Bioengineering Center, Draper Laboratory, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- BioMEMs and Microfabrication system Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33172, USA
| | - Paige Spence
- Bioengineering Center, Draper Laboratory, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Beng Ng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Robert Deschenes
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Shankar Sundaram
- Bioengineering Center, Draper Laboratory, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- BioMEMs and Microfabrication system Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33172, USA
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39
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Cho IH, Jeon JW, Paek SH, Kim DH, Shin HS, Ha UH, Seo SK, Paek SH. Toll-Like Receptor-Based Immuno-Analysis of Pathogenic Microorganisms. Anal Chem 2012; 84:9713-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300668y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Il-Hoon Cho
- Program for Bio-Microsystem Technology, 1, 5-ka, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeon
- Program for Bio-Microsystem Technology, 1, 5-ka, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Paek
- Program for Bio-Microsystem Technology, 1, 5-ka, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Kim
- Program for Bio-Microsystem Technology, 1, 5-ka, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Shin
- Department of Biotechnology
and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511
Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea
| | - Un-Hwan Ha
- Department of Biotechnology
and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511
Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea
| | - Sung-Kyu Seo
- Department of Electronics and
Information Engineering, Korea University, Jochiwon, Chungnam 339-700, Korea
| | - Se-Hwan Paek
- Program for Bio-Microsystem Technology, 1, 5-ka, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
- Department of Biotechnology
and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511
Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Korea
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40
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Kim C, Bang JH, Kim YE, Lee SH, Kang JY. On-chip anticancer drug test of regular tumor spheroids formed in microwells by a distributive microchannel network. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:4135-42. [PMID: 22864534 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a new cytotoxicity assay in a microfluidic device with microwells and a distributive microfluidic channel network for the formation of cancer cell spheroids. The assay can generate rapid and uniform cell clusters in microwells and test in situ cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs including sequential drug treatments, long term culture of spheroids and cell viability assays. Inlet ports are connected to the microwells by a hydraulic resistance network. This uniform distribution of cell suspensions results in regular spheroid dimensions. Injected cancer cells were trapped in microwells, and aggregated into tumor spheroids within 3 days. A cytotoxicity test of the spheroids in microwells was subsequently processed in the same device without the extraction of cells. The in situ cytotoxicity assay of tumor spheroids in microwells was comparable with the MTT assay on hanging drop spheroids using a conventional 96-well plate. It was observed that the inhibition rate of the spheroids was less than that in the 2D culture dish and the effect on tumor spheroids was different depending on the anticancer drug. This device could provide a convenient in situ assay tool to assess the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs on tumor spheroids, offering more information than the conventional 2D culture plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong Kim
- Center for BioMicrosystem, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea
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41
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Higuera GA, van Boxtel A, van Blitterswijk CA, Moroni L. The physics of tissue formation with mesenchymal stem cells. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:583-90. [PMID: 22959896 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cells react to various forms of physical phenomena that promote and maintain the formation of tissues. The best example of this are cells of musculoskeletal origin, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which consistently proliferate or differentiate under cues from hydrostatic pressure, diffusive mass transport, shear stress, surface chemistry, mechanotransduction, and molecular kinetics. To date, no other cell type shows greater receptiveness to macroscopic and microscopic cues, highlighting the acute sensitivity of MSCs and the importance of physical principles in tissue homeostasis. In this review, we describe the literature that has shown how physical phenomena govern MSCs biology and provide insight into the mechanisms and strategies that can spur new biotechnological applications with tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Higuera
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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42
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Meissner R, Joris P, Eker B, Bertsch A, Renaud P. A microfluidic-based frequency-multiplexing impedance sensor (FMIS). LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:2712-2718. [PMID: 22627460 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel technology for the simultaneous and simple impedimetric screening of multiple microfluidic channels with only one electrode pair. We have exploited the frequency dimension to distinguish between up to three channels. Each 'sub-sensor' possesses its corresponding measurement frequency where the sample-specific dielectric properties can be probed. We have shown the validity of our frequency-multiplexing impedance sensor (FMIS) by comparison with conventional 'single sensors'. Our highly sensitive FMIS was proven suitable for life science applications through usage as a cell-based toxicology platform. We are confident that our technology might find great utility in parallelized cell-based analysis systems as well as in biomedical devices where size limitations and spatially distributed probing are important parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Meissner
- Laboratoire de Microsystèmes LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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43
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Hui GH, Mi SS, Deng SP. Sweet and bitter tastants specific detection by the taste cell-based sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 35:429-438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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44
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Soe AK, Nahavandi S, Khoshmanesh K. Neuroscience goes on a chip. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 35:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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45
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Steude A, Schmidt S, Robitzki AA, Pänke O. An electrode array for electrochemical immuno-sensing using the example of impedimetric tenascin C detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:2884-2892. [PMID: 21750833 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20267g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors allow simple, fast and sensitive analyte detection for various analytical problems. Especially immunosensors are favourable due to specificity and affinity of antigen recognition by the associated antibody. We present a novel electrode array qualified for parallel analysis and increased sample throughput. The chip has nine independent sample chambers. Each chamber contains a circular gold working electrode with a diameter of 1.9 mm that is surrounded by a ring-shaped auxiliary electrode with a platinum surface. The corresponding silver/silver chloride reference electrodes are embedded in a sealing lid. The chip is open to the full range of electrochemical real-time detection methods. Among these techniques, impedance spectroscopy is an attractive tool to detect fast and label-free interfacial changes originating from the biorecognition event at the electrode surface. The capabilities of the novel electrode array are demonstrated using the example of tumour marker tenascin C detection. This glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix is expressed in cancerous tissues, especially in solid tumours such as glioma or breast carcinoma. Electrodes covered with specific antibodies were exposed to tenascin C containing samples. Non-occupied binding sites were identified using a secondary peroxidase-conjugated antibody that generated an insoluble precipitate on the electrode in a subsequent amplification procedure. The charge transfer resistance obtained from impedimetric analysis of ferri-/ferrocyanide conversion at the electrode served as analytic parameter. This assay detected 14 ng (48 fmol) tenascin C that is sufficient for clinical diagnostics. The electrode surface could be regenerated at least 20-fold without loss of its analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Steude
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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46
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Ziółkowska K, Kwapiszewski R, Brzózka Z. Microfluidic devices as tools for mimicking the in vivo environment. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ben-Yoav H, Melamed S, Freeman A, Shacham-Diamand Y, Belkin S. Whole-cell biochips for bio-sensing: integration of live cells and inanimate surfaces. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 31:337-53. [PMID: 21190513 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2010.532767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the convergence of the biological, chemical, physical, and engineering sciences have opened new avenues of research into the interfacing of diverse biological moieties with inanimate platforms. A main aspect of this field, the integration of live cells with micro-machined platforms for high throughput and bio-sensing applications, is the subject of the present review. These unique hybrid systems are configured in a manner that ensures positioning of the cells in designated patterns, and enables cellular viability maintenance, and monitoring of cellular functionality. Here we review both animate and inanimate surface properties and how they affect cellular attachment, describe relevant modifications of both types of surfaces, list technologies for platform engineering and for cell deposition in the desired configurations, and discuss the influence of various deposition and immobilization methods on the viability and performance of the immobilized cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Department of Physical Electronics, School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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48
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Studies on neuronal differentiation and signalling processes with a novel impedimetric biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:1407-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Haas S, Jahnke HG, Glass M, Azendorf R, Schmidt S, Robitzki AA. Real-time monitoring of relaxation and contractility of smooth muscle cells on a novel biohybrid chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2010; 10:2965-2971. [PMID: 20835426 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent the most common cause of death in industrialized countries. In this context vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are a major key player that is involved in pathological processes like hypertension and atherosclerosis. Therefore the pharmaceutical industry is intensively investigated in developing non-destructive and label-free monitoring techniques for a quantitative detection of SMC characteristics in the field of active pharmaceutical development as well as clinical diagnostics. Hence, we developed a novel multiwell interdigital electrode sensor-array in standardized ANSI 96-well layout. Through optimization of electrode geometry and material as well as passivation/adhesion-layer we obtained a novel biohybrid chip for the sensitive and quantitative detection of SMC contractility as well as relaxation via impedance spectroscopy. For the validation of our multiwell sensor-array we established a SMC culture model derived from primary cells that is switchable from a non-contractile pathological to a functional contractile phenotype. Using the reference compounds acetylcholine (ACh) and amlodipine, we could quantify SMC contraction by an impedance decrease to 40% while SMC relaxation was detectable by an impedance increase to 110%. More strikingly we could monitor aging of the isolated SMC which arose by an attenuated contractility over successive passaging. Demonstrating the performance of our self-developed multiwell sensor-array based impedance measurement setup we provide a suitable sensor-array coupled cell model to study the mechanisms that activated SMCs undergo in response to inflammatory mediators or vessel injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Haas
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), University of Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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50
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Liu T, Lin B, Qin J. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts promoted tumor spheroid invasion on a microfluidic 3D co-culture device. LAB ON A CHIP 2010; 10:1671-7. [PMID: 20414488 DOI: 10.1039/c000022a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key determinant in malignant progression of cancer and represent an important target for cancer therapies. In this work, we present a microfluidic-based 3D co-culture device to reconstruct an in vitro tumor microenvironment and firstly investigate the effect of CAFs on cancer cell invasion in 3D matrix. This device is composed of six co-culture units, which enable parallel co-culture assays to be run in the presence of 3D extracellular matrix. Salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) cells and CAFs embedded in matrix were co-cultured without direct contact on the device. Communication between ACC cells and CAFs could be established via medium diffused in matrix. It was observed that CAFs promoted ACC cell invasion in 3D matrix in a spheroid fashion, indicating that CAFs play a critical role in cancer invasion. We further demonstrated the effect of MMP inhibitor as an agent against CAF-promoted cancer invasion. This co-culture device reproducibly reflected the in vivo growth and invasion pattern of ACC and recreated the stroma-regulated ACC invasion. Thus, it provides a suitable platform for elucidating the mechanism of CAF-regulated cancer invasion and discovering anti-invasion drugs in a well defined 3D environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjiao Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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