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Budkov YA, Kalikin NN, Brandyshev PE. Surface tension of aqueous electrolyte solutions. A thermomechanical approach. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:164701. [PMID: 38647306 DOI: 10.1063/5.0191937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We determine the surface tension of aqueous electrolyte solutions in contact with non-polar dielectric media using a thermomechanical approach, which involves deriving the stress tensor from the thermodynamic potential of an inhomogeneous fluid. To obtain the surface tension, we calculate both the normal and tangential pressures using the components of the stress tensor, recently derived by us [Y. A. Budkov and P. E. Brandyshev, J. Chem. Phys. 159, 174103 (2023)] within the framework of Wang's variational field theory. Using this approach, we derive an analytical expression for the surface tension in the linear approximation. At low ionic concentrations, this expression represents the classical Onsager-Samaras limiting law. By utilizing only one fitting parameter, which is related to the affinity of anions to the dielectric boundary, we successfully approximated experimental data on the surface tension of several aqueous electrolyte solutions. This approximation applies to both the solution-air and solution-dodecane interfaces, covering a wide range of electrolyte concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury A Budkov
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, HSE University, Tallinskaya St. 34, 123458 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Multiscale Modeling of Molecular Systems, G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo, Russia
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, 31 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai N Kalikin
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, HSE University, Tallinskaya St. 34, 123458 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Multiscale Modeling of Molecular Systems, G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Petr E Brandyshev
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, HSE University, Tallinskaya St. 34, 123458 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Hong C, Ndukaife JC. Scalable trapping of single nanosized extracellular vesicles using plasmonics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4801. [PMID: 37558710 PMCID: PMC10412615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of significant interest for disease detection, monitoring, and therapeutics. However, trapping these nano-sized EVs using optical tweezers has been challenging due to their small size. Plasmon-enhanced optical trapping offers a solution. Nevertheless, existing plasmonic tweezers have limited throughput and can take tens of minutes for trapping for low particle concentrations. Here, we present an innovative approach called geometry-induced electrohydrodynamic tweezers (GET) that overcomes these limitations. GET generates multiple electrohydrodynamic potentials, allowing parallel transport and trapping of single EVs within seconds. By integrating nanoscale plasmonic cavities at the center of each GET trap, single EVs can be placed near plasmonic cavities, enabling instant plasmon-enhanced optical trapping upon laser illumination without detrimental heating effects. These non-invasive scalable hybrid nanotweezers open new horizons for high-throughput tether-free plasmon-enhanced single EV trapping and spectroscopy. Other potential areas of impact include nanoplastics characterization, and scalable hybrid integration for quantum photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchuan Hong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Justus C Ndukaife
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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3
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Hong C, Yang S, Ndukaife JC. Exosomes trapping, manipulation and size-based separation using opto-thermo-electrohydrodynamic tweezers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:2973-2978. [PMID: 37260502 PMCID: PMC10228344 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the heterogeneity of exosomes in size and biomolecular composition, there is a need for new approaches for trapping, manipulating, and sorting of single exosomes in solution. Due to their small size ranging from 30 nm to 150 nm and their relatively low refractive index, their stable trapping using optical tweezers has been met with challenges. Trapping exosomes in an optical trap requires nearly 100 mW of input power, which predisposes them to photo-induced damage and membrane rupture at the laser focus. Here, we report a high stability opto-thermo-electrohydrodynamic tweezer for the stable stand-off trapping of single exosomes based on a concentric nanohole array (CNA) using laser illumination and an a.c. field. The CNA system generates two regions of electrohydrodynamic potentials several microns away from the laser focus where single exosomes are trapped. We demonstrate the rapid trapping within seconds, and selective dynamic manipulation of exosomes based on size using only 4.2 mW of input laser power. The proposed platform opens up a promising approach for stabilizing single exosomes in solution and controlling their distribution based on size without the risk of photo-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchuan Hong
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
| | - Sen Yang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
| | - Justus C Ndukaife
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
- Interdisciplinary Material Science, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37212 USA
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Chen J, Zeng Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Jia B, Miyan R, Zhang T, Sang W, Wang Y, Qiu H, Qu J, Ho HP, Gao BZ, Shao Y, Gu Y. Optothermophoretic flipping method for biomolecule interaction enhancement. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 204:114084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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5
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Amadu M, Miadonye A. Applicability of the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann theory to contact angle problems and application to the carbon dioxide-brine-solid systems. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5710. [PMID: 35383219 PMCID: PMC8983767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In colloidal science and bioelectrostatics, the linear Poisson Boltzmann equation (LPBE) has been used extensively for the calculation of potential and surface charge density. Its fundamental assumption rests on the premises of low surface potential. In the geological sequestration of carbon dioxide in saline aquifers, very low pH conditions coupled with adsorption induced reduction of surface charge density result in low pH conditions that fit into the LPB theory. In this work, the Gouy–Chapman model of the electrical double layer has been employed in addition to the LPBE theory to develop a contact angle model that is a second-degree polynomial in pH. Our model contains the point of zero charge pH of solid surface. To render the model applicable to heterogeneous surfaces, we have further developed a model for the effective value of the point of zero charge pH. The point of zero charge pH model when integrated into our model enabled us to determine the point of zero charge pH of sandstone, quartz and mica using literature based experimental data. In this regard, a literature based thermodynamic model was used to calculate carbon dioxide solubility and pH of aqueous solution. Values of point of zero charge pH determined in this paper agree with reported ones. The novelty of our work stems from the fact that we have used the LPB theory in the context of interfacial science completely different from the classical approach, where the focus is on interparticle electrostatics involving colloidal stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumuni Amadu
- School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, Sydney, NS, Canada.
| | - Adango Miadonye
- School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, Sydney, NS, Canada
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6
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Stenberg S, Woodward CE, Forsman J. Interactions between conducting surfaces in salt solutions. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1636-1643. [PMID: 35118484 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01520f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we simulate interactions between two perfectly conducting surfaces, immersed in a salt solution. We demonstrate that these forces are quantitatively different from those between (equally charged) non-conducting surfaces. There is, for instance, a significant repulsion between net neutral surfaces. On the other hand, there are also qualitative similarities, with behaviours found with non-conducting surfaces. For instance, there is a non-monotonic dependence of the free energy barrier height, on the salt concentration, and the minimum essentially coincides with a flat profile of the apparent surface charge density (i.e. the effective net surface charge density, some distance away from the surface, when accounting for ion neutralization), outside the so-called Stern layer. These conditions can be described as "perfect surface charge neutralization". Despite observed quantitative differences, we demonstrate that it might be possible to mimic a dispersion containing charged colloidal metal particles by a simpler model system with charged non-conducting particles, using modified particle-ion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Stenberg
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Clifford E Woodward
- University College, University of New South Wales (ADFA), Canberra ACT 2600, Australia.
| | - Jan Forsman
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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8
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Hong C, Yang S, Kravchenko II, Ndukaife JC. Electrothermoplasmonic Trapping and Dynamic Manipulation of Single Colloidal Nanodiamond. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4921-4927. [PMID: 34096729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-power trapping of nanoscale objects can be achieved by using the enhanced fields near plasmonic nanoantennas. Unfortunately, in this approach the trap site is limited to the position of the plasmonic hotspots and continuous dynamic manipulation is not feasible. Here, we report a low-frequency electrothermoplasmonic tweezer (LFET) that provides low-power, high-stability and continuous dynamic manipulation of a single nanodiamond. LFET harnesses the combined action of the laser illumination of a plasmonic nanopillar antenna array and low-frequency alternating current (ac) electric field to establish an electrohydrodynamic potential capable of the stable trapping and dynamic manipulation of single nanodiamonds. We experimentally demonstrate the fast transport, trapping, and dynamic manipulation of a single nanodiamond using a low-frequency ac field below 5 kHz and low-laser power of 1 mW. This nanotweezer platform for nanodiamond manipulation holds promise for the scalable assembly of single photon sources for quantum information processing and low noise quantum sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchuan Hong
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - Sen Yang
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
- Interdisciplinary Material Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - Ivan I Kravchenko
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Justus C Ndukaife
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
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9
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Hong C, Yang S, Ndukaife JC. Stand-off trapping and manipulation of sub-10 nm objects and biomolecules using opto-thermo-electrohydrodynamic tweezers. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:908-913. [PMID: 32868919 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers have emerged as a powerful tool for the non-invasive trapping and manipulation of colloidal particles and biological cells1,2. However, the diffraction limit precludes the low-power trapping of nanometre-scale objects. Substantially increasing the laser power can provide enough trapping potential depth to trap nanoscale objects. Unfortunately, the substantial optical intensity required causes photo-toxicity and thermal stress in the trapped biological specimens3. Low-power near-field nano-optical tweezers comprising plasmonic nanoantennas and photonic crystal cavities have been explored for stable nanoscale object trapping4-13. However, the demonstrated approaches still require that the object is trapped at the high-light-intensity region. We report a new kind of optically controlled nanotweezers, called opto-thermo-electrohydrodynamic tweezers, that enable the trapping and dynamic manipulation of nanometre-scale objects at locations that are several micrometres away from the high-intensity laser focus. At the trapping locations, the nanoscale objects experience both negligible photothermal heating and light intensity. Opto-thermo-electrohydrodynamic tweezers employ a finite array of plasmonic nanoholes illuminated with light and an applied a.c. electric field to create the spatially varying electrohydrodynamic potential that can rapidly trap sub-10 nm biomolecules at femtomolar concentrations on demand. This non-invasive optical nanotweezing approach is expected to open new opportunities in nanoscience and life science by offering an unprecedented level of control of nano-sized objects, including photo-sensitive biological molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchuan Hong
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sen Yang
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Justus C Ndukaife
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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10
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Bagchi D, Nguyen TD, Olvera de la Cruz M. Surface polarization effects in confined polyelectrolyte solutions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:19677-19684. [PMID: 32747575 PMCID: PMC7443958 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007545117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding nanoscale interactions at the interface between two media with different dielectric constants is crucial for controlling many environmental and biological processes, and for improving the efficiency of energy storage devices. In this contributed paper, we show that polarization effects due to such dielectric mismatch remarkably influence the double-layer structure of a polyelectrolyte solution confined between two charged surfaces. Surprisingly, the electrostatic potential across the adsorbed polyelectrolyte double layer at the confining surface is found to decrease with increasing surface charge density, indicative of a negative differential capacitance. Furthermore, in the presence of polarization effects, the electrostatic energy stored in the double-layer structure is enhanced with an increase in the charge amplification, which is the absorption of ions on a like-charged surface. We also find that all of the important double-layer properties, such as charge amplification, energy storage, and differential capacitance, strongly depend on the polyelectrolyte backbone flexibility and the solvent quality. These interesting behaviors are attributed to the interplay between the conformational entropy of the confined polyelectrolytes, the Coulombic interaction between the charged species, and the repulsion from the surfaces with lower dielectric constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshee Bagchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Trung Dac Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Monica Olvera de la Cruz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208;
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
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11
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Stenberg S, Stenqvist B, Woodward C, Forsman J. Grand canonical simulations of ions between charged conducting surfaces using exact 3D Ewald summations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13659-13665. [PMID: 32520057 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01640c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a useful methodology to simulate ionic fluids confined by two charged and perfectly conducting surfaces. Electrostatic interactions are treated using a modified 3D Ewald sum, which accounts for all image charges across the conductors, as well as the 2D periodicity, parallel to the surfaces. The energy expression is exact, and the method is trivial to implement in existing Ewald codes. We furthermore invoke a grand canonical scheme that utilizes a bias potential, that regulates the surface charge density. The applied bias potential also enables us to calculate individual chemical potentials of the ions. Finally, we argue that our approach leads to a pedagogically appealing description of the Donnan potential, and what it measures in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Stenberg
- Theoretical Chemistry, Naturvetarvägen 14, 22362 Lund, Sweden.
| | | | - Cliff Woodward
- University College, University of New South Wales (ADFA), Canberra ACT 2600, Australia.
| | - Jan Forsman
- Theoretical Chemistry, Naturvetarvägen 14, 22362 Lund, Sweden.
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12
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Abstract
The contradiction between increasing demand and current supply has affected the healthy development of industry. Investigating the key influence factors of industrial water use change has important practical significance for water resource management. In this study, the authors propose the vector autoregression model to analyze the dynamic influences of industrial development, technological progress, and environmental protection on industrial water use change, and take Jiangsu Province, China as a case study. Results show that each of the factors had different effects during 2001–2015, in which industrial development was the greatest contributor to the change of industrial water use and showed a positive effect in the forecast period; technological progress played a major role in reducing industrial water use, but the negative effect weakened periodically over time; environmental protection also had a positive influence in the early forecast period, and then showed a marginal effect with time. Results of this study could assist the relevant authorities to formulate appropriate industrial development planning and water saving policies, and to reasonably control the industrial water demand.
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13
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Lue L. A diagrammatic analysis of the variational perturbation method for classical fluids. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:4721-4734. [PMID: 29850716 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00676h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The statistical mechanics of classical fluids can be approached from the particle perspective, where the focus is on the various positions and interactions of the particles, and from the field perspective, where the focus is on the form of the interaction fields generated by the particles. In this work, we combine these two perspectives by examining the variational perturbation method for classical fluids, which has been widely used to describe nonuniform electrolyte systems. Most of this work has been for low orders of the approximation, it has been limited to cases where the electrostatic interactions are weak. We present an exact diagrammatic representation of the method, which greatly facilitates the enumeration and evaluation of higher order corrections to the free energy functional. This framework is able to encapsulate several different approximate theories. Performing a cumulant expansion, leads to the Debye-Hückel and higher order corrections. Including the contribution of chain diagrams leads to a theory closely related to the splitting theory [Hatlo and Lue, Europhys. Lett., 2010, 89, 25002], which has been shown to be accurate from the weak through to the strong coupling limits. Including all chain and ring diagrams leads to the hypernetted chain approximation; this is a more direct route to the conventional derivation, which also requires a renormalization of the Mayer f-bonds to the total correlation functions. These approximations to the variational perturbation method are applied to the classical one-component plasma in order to assess their relative accuracy and understand their relationship to each other. Strategies for developing improved approximations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Lue
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, UK.
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14
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Lu H, Nordholm S, Woodward CE, Forsman J. Ionic liquid interface at an electrode: simulations of electrochemical properties using an asymmetric restricted primitive model. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:074004. [PMID: 29300174 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaa524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We use Monte Carlo simulations of a coarse-grained model to investigate structure and electrochemical behaviours at an electrode immersed in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The simple RTIL model, which we denote the asymmetric restricted primitive model (ARPM), is composed of monovalent hard-sphere ions, all of the same size, in which the charge is asymmetrically placed. Not only the hard-sphere size (d), but also the charge displacement (b), is identical for all species, i.e. the monovalent RTIL ions are fully described by only two parameters (d, b). In earlier work, it was demonstrated that the ARPM can capture typical static RTIL properties in bulk solutions with remarkable accuracy. Here, we investigate its behaviour at an electrode surface. The electrode is assumed to be a perfect conductor and image charge methods are utilized to handle polarization effects. We find that the ARPM of the ionic liquid reproduces typical (static) electrochemical properties of RTILs. Our model predicts a declining differential capacitance with increasing temperature, which is expected from simple physical arguments. We also compare our ARPM, with the corresponding RPM description, at an elevated temperature (1000 K). We conclude that, even though ion pairing occurs in the ARPM system, reducing the concentration of 'free' ions, it is still better able to screen charge than a corresponding RPM melt. Finally, we evaluate the option to coarse-grain the model even further, by treating the fraction of the ions that form ion pairs implicitly, only through the contribution to the dielectric constant of the corresponding dipolar (ion pair) fluid. We conclude that this primitive representation of ion pairing is not able to reproduce the structures and differential capacitances of the system with explicit ion pairs. The main problem seems to be due to a limited dielectric screening in a layer near the electrode surface, resulting from a combination of orientational restrictions and a depleted dipole density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongduo Lu
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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15
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Lee AA, Kostinski SV, Brenner MP. Controlling Polyelectrolyte Adsorption onto Carbon Nanotubes by Tuning Ion-Image Interactions. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:1545-1550. [PMID: 29338265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b11398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling polyelectrolyte adsorption onto carbon nanotubes is a fundamental challenge in nanotechnology. Polyelectrolytes have been shown to stabilize nanotube suspensions through adsorbing onto the nanotube surface, and polyelectrolyte-coated nanotubes are emerging as building blocks for complex and addressable self-assembly. Conventional wisdom suggests that polyelectrolyte adsorption onto nanotubes is driven by specific chemical or van der Waals interactions. We develop a simple mean-field model and show that ion-image attraction significantly effects adsorption onto conducting nanotubes at low salt concentrations. Our theory suggests a simple strategy to selectively and reversibly functionalize carbon nanotubes on the basis of their electronic structures, which in turn modify the ion-image attraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpha A Lee
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah V Kostinski
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Michael P Brenner
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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16
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Wang ZY, Zhang P, Ma Z. On the physics of both surface overcharging and charge reversal at heterophase interfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4118-4128. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08117k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of Monte Carlo simulations are employed to reveal the physics of both surface overcharging and charge reversal at a negatively charged dielectric interface exposed to a bulk solution containing a +2:−1 electrolyte in the absence and presence of a monovalent salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Wang
- School of Science
- Chongqing University of Technology
- Chongqing 400054
- China
| | - Pengli Zhang
- School of Science
- Chongqing University of Technology
- Chongqing 400054
- China
| | - Zengwei Ma
- School of Science
- Chongqing University of Technology
- Chongqing 400054
- China
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17
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Bohinc K, Bossa GV, May S. Incorporation of ion and solvent structure into mean-field modeling of the electric double layer. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 249:220-233. [PMID: 28571611 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An electric double layer forms when the small mobile ions of an electrolyte interact with an extended charged object, a macroion. The competition between electrostatic attraction and translational entropy loss of the small ions results in a diffuse layer of partially immobilized ions in the vicinity of the macroion. Modeling structure and energy of the electric double layer has a long history that has lead to the classical Poisson-Boltzmann theory and numerous extensions that account for ion-ion correlations and structural ion and solvent properties. The present review focuses on approaches that instead of going beyond the mean-field character of Poisson-Boltzmann theory introduce structural details of the ions and the solvent into the Poisson-Boltzmann modeling framework. The former include not only excluded volume effects but also the presence of charge distributions on individual ions, spatially extended ions, and internal ionic degrees of freedom. The latter treat the solvent either explicitly as interacting Langevin dipoles or in the form of effective non-electrostatic interactions, in particular Yukawa interactions, that are added to the Coulomb potential. We discuss how various theoretical models predict structural properties of the electric double layer such as the differential capacitance and compare some of these predictions with computer simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemen Bohinc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | | | - Sylvio May
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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18
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Ma J, Mandal S, Bronsther C, Gao Z, Eisenthal KB. Second harmonic study of acid-base equilibrium at gold nanoparticle/aqueous interface. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Wang ZY, Wu J. Ion association at discretely-charged dielectric interfaces: Giant charge inversion. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:024703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4986792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Loubet B, Manghi M, Palmeri J. A variational approach to the liquid-vapor phase transition for hardcore ions in the bulk and in nanopores. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:044107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4959034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Loubet
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, IRSAMC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Manoel Manghi
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, IRSAMC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - John Palmeri
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR 5221 CNRS-Université de Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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21
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Minton G, Lue L. The influence of excluded volume and excess ion polarisability on the capacitance of the electric double layer. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1169327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geraint Minton
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leo Lue
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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22
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Moazzami-Gudarzi M, Trefalt G, Szilagyi I, Maroni P, Borkovec M. Nanometer-ranged attraction induced by multivalent ions between similar and dissimilar surfaces probed using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8739-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07830j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Forces between similar and dissimilar surfaces are quantified and a short-ranged attraction can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Moazzami-Gudarzi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Sciences II
- 1205 Geneva
- Switzerland
| | - Gregor Trefalt
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Sciences II
- 1205 Geneva
- Switzerland
| | - Istvan Szilagyi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Sciences II
- 1205 Geneva
- Switzerland
| | - Plinio Maroni
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Sciences II
- 1205 Geneva
- Switzerland
| | - Michal Borkovec
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Sciences II
- 1205 Geneva
- Switzerland
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23
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Ghodrat M, Naji A, Komaie-Moghaddam H, Podgornik R. Ion-mediated interactions between net-neutral slabs: Weak and strong disorder effects. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:234701. [PMID: 26696064 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effective interaction between two randomly charged but otherwise net-neutral, planar dielectric slabs immersed in an asymmetric Coulomb fluid containing a mixture of mobile monovalent and multivalent ions. The presence of charge disorder on the apposed bounding surfaces of the slabs leads to substantial qualitative changes in the way they interact, as compared with the standard picture provided by the van der Waals and image-induced, ion-depletion interactions. While, the latter predict purely attractive interactions between strictly neutral slabs, we show that the combined effects from surface charge disorder, image depletion, Debye (or salt) screening, and also, in particular, their coupling with multivalent ions, give rise to a more diverse behavior for the effective interaction between net-neutral slabs at nano-scale separations. Disorder effects show large variation depending on the properly quantified strength of disorder, leading either to non-monotonic effective interaction with both repulsive and attractive branches when the surface charges are weakly disordered (small disorder variance) or to a dominating attractive interaction that is larger both in its range and magnitude than what is predicted from the van der Waals and image-induced, ion-depletion interactions, when the surfaces are strongly disordered (large disorder variance).
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Ghodrat
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran
| | - Ali Naji
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Komaie-Moghaddam
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran
| | - Rudolf Podgornik
- Department of Theoretical Physics, J. Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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24
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Cao T, Szilagyi I, Oncsik T, Borkovec M, Trefalt G. Aggregation of Colloidal Particles in the Presence of Multivalent Co-Ions: The Inverse Schulze-Hardy Rule. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6610-4. [PMID: 26039868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Shifts of the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) in particle suspensions in salt solutions containing multivalent co-ions and monovalent counterions are rationalized. One observes that the CCC is inversely proportional to the valence, and this behavior is referred to as the inverse Schulze-Hardy rule. This dependence is established by means of measurements of the stability ratio for positively and negatively charged latex particles with time-resolved light scattering. The same dependence is equally suggested by calculations of the CCC with the Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO) theory, whereby the full Poisson-Boltzmann equation for the asymmetric electrolytes has to be used. The latter aspect is essential, since in the case of multivalent co-ions the surface charge is principally neutralized by monovalent counterions. This rule complements the classical Schulze-Hardy rule, which applies in the case of multivalent counterions, and states that the CCC is inversely proportional to the sixth power of the valence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Cao
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Istvan Szilagyi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tamas Oncsik
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michal Borkovec
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Trefalt
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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25
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Szparaga R, Woodward CE, Forsman J. On the stability of aqueous dispersions containing conducting colloidal particles. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:4011-4021. [PMID: 25899056 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00161g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We use a combination of simulations and a simple theoretical approach to investigate interactions between neutral conducting surfaces, immersed in an electrolyte solution. The study is conducted at the primitive model level, which necessitates the use of multiple image reflections. Our approximate theory is based on a classical density functional formulation of Poisson-Boltzmann theory. The same approach can in principle also be imported to more advanced treatments, where ion correlations are accounted for. An important limiting result that guides our treatment of the image forces, is that the repulsive salt-induced interactions cancel the attractive zero frequency van der Waals attraction at long range. That is, at vanishing frequency, the van der Waals interaction between the conducting surfaces is, at large separations, perfectly screened by the intervening salt solution. The simulations are computationally intensive, due to a strong dependence upon the number of image reflections used, with especially poor convergence when an odd number of images is used. We demonstrate that our approximate density functional approach is remarkably accurate, even in the presence of a 2 : 1 salt, or when the surfaces preferentially adsorb one ion species. The former observation was rather unexpected, given the lack of ion correlations within our mean-field treatment, and is most likely due to a cancellation between two opposing effects, both of which are generated by ion correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Szparaga
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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26
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Emelyanenko KA, Emelyanenko AM, Boinovich L. Image-charge forces in thin interlayers due to surface charges in electrolyte. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:032402. [PMID: 25871118 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.032402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The surface forces arising in wetting films of nonpolar liquids or in thin air interlayers between an electrolyte and a nonpolar medium in the case of discrete charging of the dielectric-electrolyte interface are considered. The contributions of polarization effects to the distribution of the electrostatic potential in the three contacting media were calculated. Within the Debye-Hückel approximation, the analytical solutions were derived for the disjoining pressure in thin films, for the case of either dilute or relatively concentrated electrolyte solutions in the aforementioned systems. Analysis of the analytical and numerical results demonstrated that for dilute solutions the contribution of image forces to the disjoining pressure may significantly exceed the van der Waals forces for films from a few to tens of nanometers thick.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Emelyanenko
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31 Building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandre M Emelyanenko
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31 Building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila Boinovich
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31 Building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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27
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Curtis RA, Lue L. Depletion forces due to image charges near dielectric discontinuities. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Ma M, Xu Z. Self-consistent field model for strong electrostatic correlations and inhomogeneous dielectric media. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:244903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4904728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manman Ma
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and MoE Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhenli Xu
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and MoE Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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29
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Chai A, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, He L, Zhang D, Zhang L. Wrapping/unwrapping transition of double-stranded DNA in DNA-nanosphere complexes induced by multivalent anions. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:4875-4884. [PMID: 24866417 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00652f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Wrapping and unwrapping behaviors of double-stranded DNA around a positively charged nanosphere in solution are studied by using the coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulation method. When monovalent, divalent and trivalent anions are added to the DNA-nanosphere complex solution, double-stranded DNA binds with a nanosphere owing to strong electrostatic attraction. However, when tetravalent anions are added to the DNA-nanosphere complex solution, local charge inversion is observed for a high anion concentration of tetravalent anions and the double-stranded DNA can be unwrapped from the nanosphere because of the local charge inversion near the nanosphere. Moreover, the helical structure of DNA is damaged when double-stranded DNA wraps around the nanosphere and the helical structure can be rebuilt when the double-stranded DNA unwraps from the nanosphere. This study can help us understand how to control the release of DNA in DNA-nanosphere complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Chai
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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30
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Xu Z, Ma M, Liu P. Self-energy-modified Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations: WKB approximation and finite-difference approaches. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:013307. [PMID: 25122410 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.013307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose a modified Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) model to investigate charge transport in electrolytes of inhomogeneous dielectric environment. The model includes the ionic polarization due to the dielectric inhomogeneity and the ion-ion correlation. This is achieved by the self energy of test ions through solving a generalized Debye-Hückel (DH) equation. We develop numerical methods for the system composed of the PNP and DH equations. Particularly, toward the numerical challenge of solving the high-dimensional DH equation, we developed an analytical WKB approximation and a numerical approach based on the selective inversion of sparse matrices. The model and numerical methods are validated by simulating the charge diffusion in electrolytes between two electrodes, for which effects of dielectrics and correlation are investigated by comparing the results with the prediction by the classical PNP theory. We find that, at the length scale of the interface separation comparable to the Bjerrum length, the results of the modified equations are significantly different from the classical PNP predictions mostly due to the dielectric effect. It is also shown that when the ion self energy is in weak or mediate strength, the WKB approximation presents a high accuracy, compared to precise finite-difference results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenli Xu
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and MoE Key Lab of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Manman Ma
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and MoE Key Lab of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and MoE Key Lab of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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31
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Shrivastava S, Matsuoka H. Photoresponsive block copolymer: synthesis, characterization, and surface activity control. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:3957-3966. [PMID: 24660828 DOI: 10.1021/la4049677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers bearing chromophores are used to achieve photoresponses upon exposure to suitable light, which alter molecular properties, but the photostimulus surface activity control of amphiphilic block copolymers remains to be elucidated. In this work, a series of novel amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a carboxymethyl betaine monomer (called GLBT) and 4-ethoxy-4'-methacrylamide (EMAAB) with different block ratios have been synthesized using a reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization process. Copolymers were observed to be self-assembled in the aqueous solution above a critical micelle concentration, which was determined by static light scattering measurements and formed vesicles of 120-170 nm in diameter, at different pH values. Copolymers were found to be surface-active at pH 7 but exhibited non-surface activity at acidic and alkaline pH values. After being irradiated with 360 nm UV light, copolymers showed a significant photoresponse both at the surface and in bulk solution as a result of the photoinduced isomerization of azochromophores. The surface property of copolymers was significantly affected by UV irradiation at pH 7, and block copolymers became non-surface-active. The bulk properties changed considerably upon UV exposure where polymer vesicles transformed to micelles as a result of the polarity difference between two azo isomers (cis and trans isomers). All of these transitions were found to be reversible. A new method to control the surface active/nonactive and vesicle/micelle transitions by light and pH has been established by introducing an azobenzene chromophore and GLBT into amphiphlic diblock copolymers.
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32
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Quan G, Zhu Y, Tong C. The numerical study of the adsorption of bi-disperse flexible polyelectrolytes onto the surface of two charged objects. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Jho Y, Brown FLH, Kim M, Pincus PA. Repulsion between oppositely charged planar macroions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69436. [PMID: 23940518 PMCID: PMC3734153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The repulsive interaction between oppositely charged macroions is investigated using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations of an unrestricted primitive model, including the effect of inhomogeneous surface charge and its density, the depth of surface charge, the cation size, and the dielectric permittivity of solvent and macroions, and their contrast. The origin of the repulsion is a combination of osmotic pressure and ionic screening resulting from excess salt between the macroions. The excess charge over-reduces the electrostatic attraction between macroions and raises the entropic repulsion. The magnitude of the repulsion increases when the dielectric constant of the solvent is lowered (below that of water) and/or the surface charge density is increased, in good agreement with experiment. Smaller size of surface charge and the cation, their discreteness and mobility are other factors that enhance the repulsion and charge inversion phenomenons.
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Affiliation(s)
- YongSeok Jho
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang, Gyeongbuk-do, Korea.
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34
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Kanduč M, Naji A, Forsman J, Podgornik R. Attraction between neutral dielectrics mediated by multivalent ions in an asymmetric ionic fluid. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:174704. [PMID: 23145739 DOI: 10.1063/1.4763472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the interaction between two neutral plane-parallel dielectric bodies in the presence of a highly asymmetric ionic fluid, containing multivalent as well as monovalent (salt) ions. Image charge interactions, due to dielectric discontinuities at the boundaries, as well as effects from ion confinement in the slit region between the surfaces are taken fully into account, leading to image-generated depletion attraction, ion correlation attraction, and steric-like repulsive interactions. We investigate these effects by employing a combination of Monte Carlo simulation methods, including explicit-ion simulations (where all electrostatic interactions are simulated explicitly) and implicit-ion simulations (where monovalent ions are replaced by an effective screened electrostatic potential between multivalent ions), as well as an approximate analytical theory. The latter incorporates strong ion-image charge correlations, which develop in the presence of high valency ions in the mixture. We show that the implicit-ion simulations and the proposed analytical theory can describe the explicit simulation results on a qualitative level, while excellent quantitative agreement can be obtained for sufficiently large monovalent salt concentrations. The resultant attractive interaction between the neutral surfaces is shown to be significant, as compared with the usual van der Waals interactions between semi-infinite dielectrics, and can thus play an important role at the nano scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Kanduč
- Department of Physics, Free University Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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35
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Jadhao V, Solis FJ, Olvera de la Cruz M. A variational formulation of electrostatics in a medium with spatially varying dielectric permittivity. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:054119. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4789955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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36
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Interactions between charged surfaces mediated by molecules with spatially distributed charges. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-12-04-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A short review of recent theoretical advances in studies of the interaction between highly charged systems is presented. Such a system could not be described by the mean field theory. More advanced methods have to be used in order to introduce the correlations between highly charged particles. In this work I focus on the system of highly charged surfaces, separated by a solution of molecules with spatially distributed charge. Two different representations of the molecular shape will be considered: rod-like and spherical. The system will be theoretically described by the density functional theory. For sufficiently long molecules and large surface charge densities, an attractive force between like-charged surfaces arises due to the spatially distributed charges within the molecules. The added salt has influence on the condition for the attractive force between like-charged surfaces. The theoretical results will be compared with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Recent measurements with multivalent rigid rod-like particles will be discussed.
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37
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Buyukdagli S, Achim CV, Ala-Nissila T. Electrostatic correlations in inhomogeneous charged fluids beyond loop expansion. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:104902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4750044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Cherstvy AG, Winkler RG. Polyelectrolyte adsorption onto oppositely charged interfaces: image-charge repulsion and surface curvature. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:9838-45. [PMID: 22794191 DOI: 10.1021/jp304980e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We analyze theoretically the influence of low-dielectric boundaries on the adsorption of flexible polyelectrolytes onto planar and spherical oppositely charged surfaces in electrolyte solutions. We rationalize to what extent polymer chains are depleted from adsorbing interfaces by repulsive image forces. We employ the WKB (Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin) quantum mechanical method for the Green function of the Edwards equation to determine the adsorption equilibrium. Scaling relations are determined for the critical adsorption strength required to initiate polymer adsorption onto these low-dielectric supports. Image-force repulsion shifts the equilibrium toward the desorbed state, demanding larger surface charge densities and polyelectrolyte linear charge densities for the adsorption to take place. The effect is particularly pronounced for a planar interface in a low-salt regime, where a dramatic change in the scaling behavior for the adsorption-desorption transition is predicted. For the adsorbed state, polymers with higher charge densities are displaced further from the interface by image-charge repulsions. We discuss relevant experimental evidence and argue about possible biological applications of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Cherstvy
- Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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39
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Gan Z, Xing X, Xu Z. Effects of image charges, interfacial charge discreteness, and surface roughness on the zeta potential of spherical electric double layers. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:034708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4736570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Wang ZY, Ma YQ. Computational evidence of two driving mechanisms for overcharging in an electric double layer near the point of zero charge. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:062501. [PMID: 23005151 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have adopted an ensemble Monte Carlo simulation method to systematically verify two physical driving mechanisms responsible for overcharging which refers to the adsorption of an effective charge onto a like-charged planar surface around the point of zero charge within the primitive model of mixed electrolytes with varying salt concentrations. One is electrostatic in character dominated by dielectric images and the other is purely entropic in origin by ionic size asymmetry effects, of which the former has never been reported both theoretically and experimentally and the latter could be interpreted satisfactorily in terms of available theoretical approaches. The electrostatically driven mechanism is found to critically depend on the ionic sizes while the entropically driven mechanism occurs with almost the same efficiency in a relative wide range of surface charge density. Depending on the delicate interplay between charge and steric correlations, the two distinct driving mechanisms may cooperatively give rise to a more pronounced overcharging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Information, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
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41
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Lue L, Linse P. Macroion solutions in the cell model studied by field theory and Monte Carlo simulations. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:224508. [PMID: 22168704 DOI: 10.1063/1.3665450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of charged spherical macroions with variable dielectric permittivity and their associated counterions are examined within the cell model using a field theory and Monte Carlo simulations. The field theory is based on separation of fields into short- and long-wavelength terms, which are subjected to different statistical-mechanical treatments. The simulations were performed by using a new, accurate, and fast algorithm for numerical evaluation of the electrostatic polarization interaction. The field theory provides counterion distributions outside a macroion in good agreement with the simulation results over the full range from weak to strong electrostatic coupling. A low-dielectric macroion leads to a displacement of the counterions away from the macroion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Lue
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, United Kingdom.
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42
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Xu Z. A fast algorithm for treating dielectric discontinuities in charged spherical colloids. Interdiscip Sci 2012; 4:19-26. [PMID: 22392273 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-012-0113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions between multiple colloids in ionic fluids are attracting much attention in studies of biological and soft matter systems. The evaluation of the polarization surface charges due to the spherical dielectric discontinuities poses a challenging problem to highly efficient computer simulations. In this paper, we propose a new method for fast calculating the electric field of spaced spheres using the multiple reflection expansion. The method uses a technique of recursive reflections among the spherical interfaces based on a formula of the multiple image representation, resulting in a simple, accurate and close-form expression of the surface polarization charges. Numerical calculations of the electric potential energies of charged spheres demonstrate the method is highly accurate with small number of reflections, and thus attractive for the use in practical simulations of related problems such as colloid suspension and macromolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenli Xu
- Department of Mathematics, and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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43
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Nagy T, Henderson D, Boda D. Simulation of an electrical double layer model with a low dielectric layer between the electrode and the electrolyte. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:11409-19. [PMID: 21848262 DOI: 10.1021/jp2063244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report Monte Carlo simulation results for double layers of 1:1 and 2:1 electrolytes near an electrode with an inner layer that has a dielectric constant, ε(2), smaller than that of the electrolyte, ε(3). The electrolyte is modeled in the implicit solvent framework (primitive model), while the electrode is a metal electrode in this study (ε(1) → ∞). The charged hard sphere ions are not allowed to enter into the inner layer. We show that the capacitance of the inner layer is C(δ) = ε(0)(ε(2) + ε(3))/2δ, where δ is the thickness of the inner layer. This result is different from that obtained from solutions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (ε(0)ε(2)/δ), indicating that interpretation of experimental data with a fitted ε(2) dielectric constant of the inner layer must be done using a different equation. We also show that the properties of the diffuse layer are not independent of the value of ε(2), which is a usual assumption of the Poisson-Boltzmann theory. This is mainly because the repulsive image charges repel both the counterions and the co-ions, while the electrode charge attracts the counterions and repels the co-ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tímea Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 158, H-8201 Veszprém, Hungary
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Pfaffenhuber C, Sörgel S, Weichert K, Bele M, Mundinger T, Göbel M, Maier J. In Situ Recording of Particle Network Formation in Liquids by Ion Conductivity Measurements. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:14514-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja205287d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Seniz Sörgel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Weichert
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marjan Bele
- National Institute of Chemistry Slovenia, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tabea Mundinger
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marcus Göbel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joachim Maier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Boda D, Henderson D, Eisenberg B, Gillespie D. A method for treating the passage of a charged hard sphere ion as it passes through a sharp dielectric boundary. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:064105. [PMID: 21842924 PMCID: PMC3170393 DOI: 10.1063/1.3622857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the implicit solvent models of electrolytes (such as the primitive model (PM)), the ions are modeled as point charges in the centers of spheres (hard spheres in the case of the PM). The surfaces of the spheres are not polarizable which makes these models appropriate to use in computer simulations of electrolyte systems where these ions do not leave their host dielectrics. The same assumption makes them inappropriate in simulations where these ions cross dielectric boundaries because the interaction energy of the point charge with the polarization charge induced on the dielectric boundary diverges. In this paper, we propose a procedure to treat the passage of such ions through dielectric interfaces with an interpolation method. Inspired by the "bubble ion" model (in which the ion's surface is polarizable), we define a space-dependent effective dielectric coefficient, ε(eff)(r), for the ion that overlaps with the dielectric boundary. Then, we replace the "bubble ion" with a point charge that has an effective charge q/ε(eff)(r) and remove the portion of the dielectric boundary where the ion overlaps with it. We implement the interpolation procedure using the induced charge computation method [D. Boda, D. Gillespie, W. Nonner, D. Henderson, and B. Eisenberg, Phys. Rev. E 69, 046702 (2004)]. We analyze the various energy terms using a spherical ion passing through an infinite flat dielectric boundary as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezso Boda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 158, H-8201 Veszprém, Hungary.
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Kumar A, Williams SJ, Chuang HS, Green NG, Wereley ST. Hybrid opto-electric manipulation in microfluidics-opportunities and challenges. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:2135-48. [PMID: 21603691 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid opto-electric manipulation in microfluidics/nanofluidics refers to a set of methodologies employing optical modulation of electrokinetic schemes to achieve particle or fluid manipulation at the micro- and nano-scale. Over the last decade, a set of methodologies, which differ in their modulation strategy and/or the length scale of operation, have emerged. These techniques offer new opportunities with their dynamic nature, and their ability for parallel operation has created novel applications and devices. Hybrid opto-electric techniques have been utilized to manipulate objects ranging in diversity from millimetre-sized droplets to nano-particles. This review article discusses the underlying principles, applications and future perspectives of various hybrid opto-electric techniques that have emerged over the last decade under a unified umbrella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloke Kumar
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA.
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47
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Gan Z, Xu Z. Multiple-image treatment of induced charges in Monte Carlo simulations of electrolytes near a spherical dielectric interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:016705. [PMID: 21867341 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.016705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The polarization-induced charges of a dielectric sphere are studied for charged colloidal systems in electrolyte solutions with a primitive model. The method of constructing multiple-image charges is used to approximate the polarization potential of a microion outside the sphere; it is based on a numerical discretization of the potential's analytical integral representation, and can systematically approximate the exact potential with desired accuracy by varyiation of the number of point images. Different aspects of the image effects are then investigated by Monte Carlo simulations for several colloidal systems, in both salt-free and salty environments. Furthermore, we studied the influence of discrete surface charges of different valences, and demonstrate that the polarization charges can significantly strengthen charge reversal for the colloid-microion complex, especially for multivalent interfacial ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecheng Gan
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Bohinc K, Reščič J, Maset S, May S. Debye–Hückel theory for mixtures of rigid rodlike ions and salt. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:074111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3552226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Buyukdagli S, Manghi M, Palmeri J. Ionic exclusion phase transition in neutral and weakly charged cylindrical nanopores. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:074706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3526940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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50
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Boon N, van Roij R. Charge regulation and ionic screening of patchy surfaces. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:054706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3533279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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