1
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Xu GT, Chang XY, Low KH, Wu LL, Wan Q, Shu HX, To WP, Huang JS, Che CM. Self-Assembly of Molecular Trefoil Knots Featuring Pentadecanuclear Homoleptic Au I -, Au I /Ag I -, or Au I /Cu I -Alkynyl Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200748. [PMID: 35183066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal-free and metal-containing molecular trefoil knots are fascinating ensembles that are usually covalently assembled, the latter requiring the rational design of di- or multidentate/multipodal ligands as connectors. In this work, we describe the self-assembly of pentadecanuclear AuI trefoil knots [Au15 (C≡CR)15 ] from monoalkynes HC≡CR (R=9,9-X2 -fluorenyl with X=nBu, n-hexyl) and [AuI (THT)Cl]. Hetero-bimetallic counterparts [Au9 M6 (C≡CR)15 ] (M=Cu/Ag) were self-assembled by reactions of [Au15 (C≡CR)15 ] with [Cu(MeCN)4 ]+ /AgNO3 and HC≡CR. The type of pentadecanuclear trefoil knots described herein is characterized by X-ray crystallography, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. [Au9 Cu6 (C≡CR)15 ] is relatively stable in hexane; its excited state properties were investigated. DFT calculations revealed that non-covalent metal-metal and metal-ligand interactions, together with longer alkyl chain-strengthened inter-ligand dispersion interactions, govern the stability of the trefoil knot structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Tao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liang-Liang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui-Xing Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Xu GT, Chang XY, Low KH, Wu LL, Wan Q, Shu HX, To WP, Huang JS, Che CM. Self‐Assembly of Molecular Trefoil Knots Featuring Pentadecanuclear Homoleptic AuI‐, AuI/AgI‐, or AuI/CuI‐Alkynyl Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao-Yong Chang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | - Qingyun Wan
- The University of Hong Kong Chemistry HONG KONG
| | | | - Wai-Pong To
- The University of Hong Kong Chemistry HONG KONG
| | | | - Chi-Ming Che
- The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road - Hong Kong HONG KONG
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3
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López-Moreno A, Villalva J, Pérez EM. Mechanically interlocked derivatives of carbon nanotubes: synthesis and potential applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9433-9444. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00510g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An introduction to mechanically interlocked derivatives of single-walled carbon nanotubes: their main structural features, their potential advantages compared to covalent and supramolecular derivatives, how to synthesize them, and their most promising fields for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro López-Moreno
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Canto Blanco, C/Faraday 9, E28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Villalva
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Canto Blanco, C/Faraday 9, E28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio M. Pérez
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Canto Blanco, C/Faraday 9, E28049 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Gao WX, Feng HJ, Guo BB, Lu Y, Jin GX. Coordination-Directed Construction of Molecular Links. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6288-6325. [PMID: 32558562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of the concept of chemical topology, interlocked molecular assemblies have graduated from academic curiosities and poorly defined species to become synthetic realities. Coordination-directed synthesis provides powerful, diverse, and increasingly sophisticated protocols for accessing interlocked molecules. Originally, metal ions were employed solely as templates to gather and position building blocks in entwined or threaded arrangements. Recently, metal centers have increasingly featured within the backbones of the integral structural elements, which in turn use noncovalent interactions to self-assemble into intricate topologies. By outlining ingenious recent examples as well as seminal classic cases, this Review focuses on the role of metal-ligand paradigms in assembling molecular links. In addition, the ever-evolving approaches to efficient assembly, the structural features of the resulting architectures, and their prospects for the future are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xi Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Jun Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Bei-Bei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ye Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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5
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Kumar A, Mukherjee PS. Multicomponent Self‐Assembly of Pd
II
/Pt
II
Interlocked Molecular Cages: Cage‐to‐Cage Conversion and Self‐Sorting in Aqueous Medium. Chemistry 2020; 26:4842-4849. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
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6
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Exploring and Exploiting the Symmetry-Breaking Effect of Cyclodextrins in Mechanomolecules. Symmetry (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/sym11101249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cone-shaped molecular rings that have been widely employed in supramolecular/host–guest chemistry because of their low cost, high biocompatibility, stability, wide availability in multiple sizes, and their promiscuity for binding a range of molecular guests in water. Consequently, CD-based host–guest complexes are often employed as templates for the synthesis of mechanically bonded molecules (mechanomolecules) such as catenanes, rotaxanes, and polyrotaxanes in particular. The conical shape and cyclodirectionality of the CD “bead” gives rise to a symmetry-breaking effect when it is threaded onto a molecular “string”; even symmetrical guests are rendered asymmetric by the presence of an encircling CD host. This review focuses on the stereochemical implications of this symmetry-breaking effect in mechanomolecules, including orientational isomerism, mechanically planar chirality, and topological chirality, as well as how they support applications in regioselective and stereoselective chemical synthesis, the design of molecular machine prototypes, and the development of advanced materials.
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7
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Tateishi T, Yasutake Y, Kojima T, Takahashi S, Hiraoka S. Self-assembly process of a quadruply interlocked palladium cage. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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8
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Tsukamoto T, Sasahara R, Muranaka A, Miura Y, Suzuki Y, Kimura M, Miyagawa S, Kawasaki T, Kobayashi N, Uchiyama M, Tokunaga Y. Synthesis of a Chiral [2]Rotaxane: Induction of a Helical Structure through Double Threading. Org Lett 2018; 20:4745-4748. [PMID: 30058808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A helically chiral [2]rotaxane featuring two ammonium ion recognition sites in the dumbbell-like component and a calix-bis-crown ether as the macrocyclic component was synthesized, but with no chirality in either individual component. The enantiomeric nature of the isomers, separated through chiral HPLC, was apparent in their CD spectra, which were mirror images for all wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Fukui University , Bunkyo , Fukui 910-8507 , Japan
| | - Ryota Sasahara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Fukui University , Bunkyo , Fukui 910-8507 , Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Yuzuki Miura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Yu Suzuki
- Tenure-Track Program for Innovative Research , University of Fukui , Bunkyo , Fukui 910-8507 , Japan
| | - Masaki Kimura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Fukui University , Bunkyo , Fukui 910-8507 , Japan
| | - Shinobu Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Fukui University , Bunkyo , Fukui 910-8507 , Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Tokyo University of Science , Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology , Shinshu University , Tokida, Ueda , Nagano 386-8567 , Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Fukui University , Bunkyo , Fukui 910-8507 , Japan
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9
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Jamieson EMG, Modicom F, Goldup SM. Chirality in rotaxanes and catenanes. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5266-5311. [PMID: 29796501 PMCID: PMC6049620 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although chiral mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have been synthesised and studied, enantiopure examples are relatively under-represented in the pantheon of reported catenanes and rotaxanes and the underlying chirality of the system is often even overlooked. This is changing with the advent of new applications of MIMs in catalysis, sensing and materials and the appearance of new methods to access unusual stereogenic units unique to the mechanical bond. Here we discuss the different stereogenic units that have been investigated in catenanes and rotaxanes, examples of their application, methods for assigning absolute stereochemistry and provide a perspective on future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. G. Jamieson
- Chemistry
, University of Southampton
,
University Road, Highfield
, Southampton
, SO17 1BJ
, UK
.
| | - F. Modicom
- Chemistry
, University of Southampton
,
University Road, Highfield
, Southampton
, SO17 1BJ
, UK
.
| | - S. M. Goldup
- Chemistry
, University of Southampton
,
University Road, Highfield
, Southampton
, SO17 1BJ
, UK
.
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10
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Jiang S, Han Y, Cheng M, Sun J, Yan CG, Jiang J, Wang L. Self-locked dipillar[5]arene-based pseudo[1]rotaxanes and bispseudo[1]rotaxanes with different lengths of bridging chains. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between lengths of bridging chains and self-locked behaviors of dipillar[5]arene-based pseudo[1]rotaxanes and bispseudo[1]rotaxanes were studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Jiang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Juli Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Leyong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
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11
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Fredy JW, Scelle J, Ramniceanu G, Doan BT, Bonnet CS, Tóth É, Ménand M, Sollogoub M, Vives G, Hasenknopf B. Mechanostereoselective One-Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Head-to-Head Cyclodextrin [3]Rotaxanes and Their Application as Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Org Lett 2017; 19:1136-1139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Wilfried Fredy
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Scelle
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gregory Ramniceanu
- Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, UMR8258 INSERM U1022 Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, 11 rue Pierre & Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bich-Thuy Doan
- Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, UMR8258 INSERM U1022 Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, 11 rue Pierre & Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Célia S. Bonnet
- Centre
de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Cedex 2 Orléans, France
| | - Éva Tóth
- Centre
de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Cedex 2 Orléans, France
| | - Mickaël Ménand
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vives
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bernold Hasenknopf
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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12
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Du XS, Wang CY, Jia Q, Deng R, Tian HS, Zhang HY, Meguellati K, Yang YW. Pillar[5]arene-based [1]rotaxane: high-yield synthesis, characterization and application in Knoevenagel reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5326-5329. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02364b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative synthesis of a pillararene-based [1]rotaxane has been achieved via a “self-threading-stoppering” approach, followed by its first application in organic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Sheng Du
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Qiong Jia
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Rong Deng
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hua-Sheng Tian
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hou-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Kamel Meguellati
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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13
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Two pillar[5]arene-based mechanically selflocked molecules (MSMs): planar chirality in crystals and conformer inversion in solutions. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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López-Moreno A, Nieto-Ortega B, Moffa M, de Juan A, Bernal MM, Fernández-Blázquez JP, Vilatela JJ, Pisignano D, Pérez EM. Threading through Macrocycles Enhances the Performance of Carbon Nanotubes as Polymer Fillers. ACS NANO 2016; 10:8012-8. [PMID: 27454946 PMCID: PMC4997533 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b04028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we study the reinforcement of polymers by mechanically interlocked derivatives of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We compare the mechanical properties of fibers made of polymers and of composites with pristine SWNTs, mechanically interlocked derivatives of SWNTs (MINTs), and the corresponding supramolecular models. Improvements of both Young's modulus and tensile strength of up to 200% were observed for the polystyrene-MINT samples with an optimized loading of just 0.01 wt %, while the supramolecular models with identical chemical composition and loading showed negligible or even detrimental influence. This behavior is found for three different types of SWNTs and two types of macrocycles. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the polymer adopts an elongated conformation parallel to the SWNT when interacting with MINT fillers, irrespective of the macrocycle chemical nature, whereas a more globular structure is taken upon facing with either pristine SWNTs or supramolecular models. The MINT composite architecture thus leads to a more efficient exploitation of the axial properties of the SWNTs and of the polymer chain at the interface, in agreement with experimental results. Our findings demonstrate that the mechanical bond imparts distinctive advantageous properties to SWNT derivatives as polymer fillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro López-Moreno
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Nieto-Ortega
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Moffa
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center of Nanomaterial Modelling
and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alberto de Juan
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Mar Bernal
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Dario Pisignano
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center of Nanomaterial Modelling
and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Emilio M. Pérez
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Synthesis of Diphenyl Pyridazinone-based flexible system for conformational studies through weak noncovalent interactions: Application in DNA binding. J CHEM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-016-1059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Li SH, Zhang HY, Xu X, Liu Y. Mechanically selflocked chiral gemini-catenanes. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7590. [PMID: 26126502 PMCID: PMC4506498 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked and entangled molecular architectures represent one of the elaborate topological superstructures engineered at a molecular resolution. Here we report a methodology for fabricating mechanically selflocked molecules (MSMs) through highly efficient one-step amidation of a pseudorotaxane derived from dual functionalized pillar[5]arene (P[5]A) threaded by α,ω-diaminoalkane (DA-n; n=3-12). The monomeric and dimeric pseudo[1]catenanes thus obtained, which are inherently chiral due to the topology of P[5]A used, were isolated and fully characterized by NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations. Of particular interest, the dimeric pseudo[1]catenane, named 'gemini-catenane', contained stereoisomeric meso-erythro and dl-threo isomers, in which two P[5]A moieties are threaded by two DA-n chains in topologically different patterns. This access to chiral pseudo[1]catenanes and gemini-catenanes will greatly promote the practical use of such sophisticated chiral architectures in supramolecular and materials science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Heng-Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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17
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Wilson EA, Vermeulen NA, McGonigal PR, Avestro AJ, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Stoddart JF. Formation of a hetero[3]rotaxane by a dynamic component-swapping strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:9665-8. [PMID: 25019588 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03612c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Acid-catalysed scrambling of the mechanically interlocked components between two different homo[3]rotaxanes, constituted of dumbbells containing two secondary dialkylammonium ion recognition sites encircled by two [24]crown-8 rings, each containing a couple of imine bonds, affords a statistical mixture of a hetero[3]rotaxane along with the two homo[3]rotaxanes, indicating that neither selectivity nor cooperativity is operating during the assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
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18
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Meng Z, Chen CF. A molecular pulley based on a triply interlocked [2]rotaxane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8241-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01301a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel triply interlocked [2]rotaxane was designed and synthesized, which showed pulley-like shuttling motion controlled by acid and base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Chuan-Feng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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19
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Woźny M, Pawłowska J, Tomczyk KM, Bilewicz R, Korybut-Daszkiewicz B. Potential-controlled rotaxane molecular shuttles based on electron-deficient macrocyclic complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:13718-21. [PMID: 25248514 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06718e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This communication reports a novel sandwich-like rotaxane shuttle, which exhibits a unique mode of potential-controlled behaviour. Two dynamic processes occur simultaneously - conformational "unfolding" of the DADA stack accompanies translocation of the ring over the rotaxane's axle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Woźny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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20
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Frasconi M, Kikuchi T, Cao D, Wu Y, Liu WG, Dyar SM, Barin G, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Carmieli R, Wang C, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Mechanical Bonds and Topological Effects in Radical Dimer Stabilization. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11011-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dennis Cao
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gokhan Barin
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury
KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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21
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Polymeric molecular shuttles: Polypseudorotaxanes & polyrotaxanes based on viologen (paraquat) urethane backbones & bis(p-phenylene)-34-crown-10. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Juríček M, Barnes JC, Strutt NL, Vermeulen NA, Ghooray KC, Dale EJ, McGonigal PR, Blackburn AK, Avestro AJ, Stoddart JF. An ExBox [2]catenane. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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23
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Abstract
The state-of-art advances in the assembly of coordination supramolecular structures featuring Borromean topological character have been introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Cheng-Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
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24
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Xue W, Li Z, Liu G, Chen X, Li T, Liu SH, Yin J. Construction of rotacatenanes using rotaxane and catenane frameworks. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:4862-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00602j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The construction of novel mechanically interlocked structures has become a topic of great current interest due to the requirements of topology and their potential application in molecular machines and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Ziyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Technology
- Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
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25
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Liu JQ, Wu J, Wang YY, Lin JT, Sakiyama H. Different interpenetrated coordination polymers based on flexible dicarboxylate ligands: topological diversity and magnetism. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42338g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work evidently indicates that the effect of the secondary ligands, molar ratios and geometric preferences of the metal centers are critical on the resulting entangled motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Liu
- Guangdong Medical College, School of Pharmacy
- Dongguan, PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi University for Nationalities
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanning, China
| | - Yao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Jian-Tao Lin
- Guangdong Medical College, School of Pharmacy
- Dongguan, PR China
| | - Hiroshi Sakiyama
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
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26
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Grunder S, McGrier PL, Whalley AC, Boyle MM, Stern C, Stoddart JF. A Water-Soluble pH-Triggered Molecular Switch. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17691-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja409006y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Grunder
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Psaras L. McGrier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Adam C. Whalley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Megan M. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Charlotte Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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27
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Li Z, Liu G, Xue W, Wu D, Yang YW, Wu J, Liu SH, Yoon J, Yin J. Construction of Hetero[n]rotaxanes by Use of Polyfunctional Rotaxane Frameworks. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11560-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402166y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Li
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Xue
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Global Top 5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Jun Yin
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Yu L, Li M, Zhou XP, Li D. Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Polyrotaxane, Pseudorotaxane, and Sandwich. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:10232-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401722c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Institute
for Biomedical and Advanced Materials, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mian Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Institute
for Biomedical and Advanced Materials, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Institute
for Biomedical and Advanced Materials, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Institute
for Biomedical and Advanced Materials, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
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29
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de Juan A, Pérez EM. Getting tubed: mechanical bond in endohedral derivatives of carbon nanotubes? NANOSCALE 2013; 5:7141-8. [PMID: 23759875 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01683h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a brief overview of some of the most prominent examples of encapsulation of molecules inside carbon nanotubes. We then relate them to mechanically interlocked molecules, and in particular rotaxanes, by examining the most prominent features of the mechanical bond (topology, dynamic properties, and stability) and comparing them to those of endohedral derivatives of nanotubes. Our analysis shows that there is a surprisingly clear link between these two apparently disparate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto de Juan
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Wang C, Dyar SM, Cao D, Fahrenbach AC, Horwitz N, Colvin MT, Carmieli R, Stern CL, Dey SK, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Tetrathiafulvalene Hetero Radical Cation Dimerization in a Redox-Active [2]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:19136-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307577t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dennis Cao
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute and
Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 37-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute and
Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 37-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Noah Horwitz
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael T. Colvin
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sanjeev K. Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute and
Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 37-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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31
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Boyle MM, Gassensmith JJ, Whalley AC, Forgan RS, Smaldone RA, Hartlieb KJ, Blackburn AK, Sauvage JP, Stoddart JF. Stereochemistry of molecular figures-of-eight. Chemistry 2012; 18:10312-23. [PMID: 22836716 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A trans isomer of a figure-of-eight (Fo8) compound was prepared from an electron-withdrawing cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) derivative carrying trans-disposed azide functions between its two phenylene rings. Copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions with a bispropargyl derivative of a polyether chain, interrupted in its midriff by an electron-donating 1,5-dioxynaphthalene unit acting as the template to organize the reactants prior to the onset of two click reactions, afforded the Fo8 compound with C(i) symmetry. Exactly the same chemistry is performed on the cis-bisazide of the tetracationic cyclophane to give a Fo8 compound with C(2) symmetry. Both of these Fo8 compounds exist as major and very minor conformational isomers in solution. The major conformation in the trans series, which has been characterized by X-ray crystallography, adopts a geometry which maximizes its C-H···O interactions, while maintaining its π···π stacking and C-H···π interactions. Ab initio calculations at the M06L level support the conformational assignments to the major and minor isomers in the trans series. Dynamic (1)H NMR spectroscopy, supported by 2D (1)H NMR experiments, indicates that the major and minor isomers in both the cis and trans series equilibrate in solution on the (1)H NMR timescale rapidly above and slowly below room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Boyle
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3133, USA
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32
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Zhao X, Yu XY, Chen TL, Luo YH, Yang JJ, Zhang H. A series of lanthanide compounds based on mixed aromatic carboxylate ligands: Syntheses, crystal structures and luminescent properties. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Barin G, Coskun A, Fouda MMG, Stoddart JF. Mechanically Interlocked Molecules Assembled by π-π Recognition. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Jiang L, Meng XR, Xiang H, Ju P, Zhong DC, Lu TB. Variations of Structures and Gas Sorption Properties of Three Coordination Polymers Induced by Fluorine Atom Positions in Azamacrocyclic Ligands. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:1874-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202168r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xian-Rui Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ping Ju
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Di-Chang Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tong-Bu Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,
and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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35
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Yang GP, Hou L, Luan XJ, Wu B, Wang YY. Molecular braids in metal–organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6992-7000. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35202h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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36
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Forgan RS, Wang C, Friedman DC, Spruell JM, Stern CL, Sarjeant AA, Cao D, Stoddart JF. Donor-Acceptor Ring-in-Ring Complexes. Chemistry 2011; 18:202-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Xu J, Su W, Hong M. Two lanthanide-natrium pillared-layer frameworks constructed from 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid) and oxalate. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Beves JE, Blight BA, Campbell CJ, Leigh DA, McBurney RT. Strategien und Taktiken für die metallgesteuerte Synthese von Rotaxanen, Knoten, Catenanen und Verschlingungen höherer Ordnung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Beves JE, Blight BA, Campbell CJ, Leigh DA, McBurney RT. Strategies and tactics for the metal-directed synthesis of rotaxanes, knots, catenanes, and higher order links. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9260-327. [PMID: 21928462 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 575] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
More than a quarter of a century after the first metal template synthesis of a [2]catenane in Strasbourg, there now exists a plethora of strategies available for the construction of mechanically bonded and entwined molecular level structures. Catenanes, rotaxanes, knots and Borromean rings have all been successfully accessed by methods in which metal ions play a pivotal role. Originally metal ions were used solely for their coordination chemistry; acting either to gather and position the building blocks such that subsequent reactions generated the interlocked products or by being an integral part of the rings or "stoppers" of the interlocked assembly. Recently the role of the metal has evolved to encompass catalysis: the metal ions not only organize the building blocks in an entwined or threaded arrangement but also actively promote the reaction that covalently captures the interlocked structure. This Review outlines the diverse strategies that currently exist for forming mechanically bonded molecular structures with metal ions and details the tactics that the chemist can utilize for creating cross-over points, maximizing the yield of interlocked over non-interlocked products, and the reactions-of-choice for the covalent capture of threaded and entwined intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon E Beves
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
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40
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Forgan RS, Sauvage JP, Stoddart JF. Chemical Topology: Complex Molecular Knots, Links, and Entanglements. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5434-64. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200034u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 650] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross S. Forgan
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems and the Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jean-Pierre Sauvage
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems and the Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems and the Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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Dey SK, Coskun A, Fahrenbach AC, Barin G, Basuray AN, Trabolsi A, Botros YY, Stoddart JF. A redox-active reverse donor–acceptor bistable [2]rotaxane. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00586j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Leblond J, Petitjean A. Molecular tweezers: concepts and applications. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:1043-51. [PMID: 21442716 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201001050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Taken to the molecular level, the concept of "tweezers" opens a rich and fascinating field at the convergence of molecular recognition, biomimetic chemistry and nanomachines. Composed of a spacer bridging two interaction sites, the behaviour of molecular tweezers is strongly influenced by the flexibility of their spacer. Operating through an "induced-fit" recognition mechanism, flexible molecular tweezers select the conformation(s) most appropriate for substrate binding. Their adaptability allows them to be used in a variety of binding modes and they have found applications in chirality signalling. Rigid spacers, on the contrary, display a limited number of binding states, which lead to selective and strong substrate binding following a "lock and key" model. Exquisite selectivity may be expressed with substrates as varied as C(60) , nanotubes and natural cofactors, and applications to molecular electronics and enzyme inhibition are emerging. At the crossroad between flexible and rigid spacers, stimulus-responsive molecular tweezers controlled by ionic, redox or light triggers belong to the realm of molecular machines, and, applied to molecular tweezing, open doors to the selective binding, transport and release of their cargo. Applications to controlled drug delivery are already appearing. The past 30 years have seen the birth of molecular tweezers; the next many years to come will surely see them blooming in exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Leblond
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Li F, Clegg JK, Lindoy LF, Macquart RB, Meehan GV. Metallosupramolecular self-assembly of a universal 3-ravel. Nat Commun 2011; 2:205. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Li Y, Mullen KM, Sardinha J, Félix V, Beer PD. Clipping and stoppering anion templated synthesis of a [2]rotaxane host system. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12180-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10887e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Xu Z, Jiang L, Feng Y, Zhang S, Liang J, Pan S, Yang Y, Yang D, Cai Y. One-pot synthesis of donor–acceptor [2]rotaxanes based on cryptand–paraquat recognition motif. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1237-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00629g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
What makes a given object look beautiful to the observer, be it in the macroscopic world or at the molecular level? This very general question will be briefly addressed at the beginning of this essay, in relation to contemporary molecular chemistry and biology, leading to the general statement that, most of the time, beauty is tightly connected to function as well as to the cultural background of the observer. The main topic of the present article will be that of topologically non-trivial molecules or molecular ensembles and the fascination that such species have exerted on molecular or solid state chemists. Molecules with a graph identical to Kuratowski's K₅ or K₃,₃ graphs are indeed highly attractive from an aesthetical viewpoint, but perhaps even more fascinating and beautiful are molecular knots. A general discussion will be devoted to these compounds, which are still considered as exotic species because of the very limited number of efficient synthetic strategies leading to their preparation. Particularly efficient are templated approaches based either on transition metals such as copper(I) or on organic groups able to form hydrogen bonds or acceptor-donor stacks. A particularly noteworthy property of knots, and in particular of the trefoil knot, is their topological chirality. The isolation of both enantiomers of the trefoil knot (3₁) could be achieved and showed that such species have fascinating chiroptical properties. Finally, various routes to more complex and beautiful knots than the trefoil knot, which is the simplest non-trivial knot, will be discussed in line with the remarkable ability of transition metals to gather and orient in a very precise fashion several organic components in their coordination spheres, thus leading to synthetic precursors displaying geometries which are perfectly well adapted to the preparation of the desired knots or links.
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Meyer CD, Forgan RS, Chichak KS, Peters AJ, Tangchaivang N, Cave GWV, Khan SI, Cantrill SJ, Stoddart JF. The Dynamic Chemistry of Molecular Borromean Rings and Solomon Knots. Chemistry 2010; 16:12570-81. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cari D. Meyer
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
| | - Ross S. Forgan
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3133 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
| | - Kelly S. Chichak
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
| | - Andrea J. Peters
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
| | - Nicholas Tangchaivang
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
| | - Gareth W. V. Cave
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS (UK)
| | - Saeed I. Khan
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
| | - Stuart J. Cantrill
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310‐206‐5621
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3133 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
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Lin X, Liu T, Lin J, Yang H, Lü J, Xu B, Cao R. Syntheses and characterizations of two new pillared-layer coordination polymers constructed from lanthanides and mixed O-donor ligands. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2009.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Guo J, Mayers PC, Breault GA, Hunter CA. Synthesis of a molecular trefoil knot by folding and closing on an octahedral coordination template. Nat Chem 2010; 2:218-22. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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