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Di Adamo J, Ollivier N, Cantel S, Diemer V, Melnyk O. Peptide Alkyl Thioester Synthesis from Advanced Thiols and Peptide Hydrazides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:13719-13724. [PMID: 39257180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Peptide alkyl thioesters are versatile reagents in various synthetic applications, commonly generated from peptide hydrazides and thiols. However, a notable limitation is the need for a substantial excess of the thiol reagent, restricting the usage to simple thiols. Here, we introduce an adapted procedure that significantly enhances thioester production with just a minimal thiol excess, facilitating the use of advanced thiol nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Di Adamo
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Nathalie Ollivier
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Sonia Cantel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34090, France
| | - Vincent Diemer
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille F-59000, France
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2
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Liu Y, Kajihara Y, Okamoto R. Post-translational activation of the C-terminus of polypeptides for the synthesis of peptide thioesters and peptide thioester surrogates. Front Chem 2024; 12:1424953. [PMID: 39076613 PMCID: PMC11284063 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1424953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Semisynthesis using recombinant polypeptides is a powerful approach for the synthesis of proteins having a variety of modifications. Peptide thioesters, of which the peptide C-terminus is activated by a thioester, are utilized for coupling peptide building blocks. Biological methods employing intein have been a center for the C-terminal thioesterification of recombinant polypeptides. Chemical activation has emerged as an alternative methodology for synthesizing peptide thioesters from recombinant polypeptides. Chemical reactions are compatible with various solutions containing organic solvents, chaotropic reagents, or detergents that are generally incompatible with biomolecules such as intein. Despite the potential utility of chemical activation, available methods remain limited. This article introduces the methods for the chemical activation of a peptide C-terminus applied to the chemical synthesis of proteins. By showcasing these methodologies, we aim to accelerate the advancement of new chemical reactions and methodologies and broaden the frontiers for the chemical synthesis of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kajihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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3
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Spears RJ, Chudasama V. Recent advances in N- and C-terminus cysteine protein bioconjugation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 75:102306. [PMID: 37236135 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the site-specific chemical modification of proteins, also referred to as protein bioconjugation, have proved instrumental in revolutionary approaches to designing new protein-based therapeutics. Of the sites available for protein modification, cysteine residues or the termini of proteins have proved especially popular owing to their favorable properties for site-specific modification. Strategies that, therefore, specifically target cysteine at the termini offer a combination of these favorable properties of cysteine and termini bioconjugation. In this review, we discuss these strategies with a particular focus on those reported recently and provide our opinion on the future direction of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Spears
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, UK
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, UK.
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4
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Iradukunda Y, Kang JY, Nsanzamahoro S, Fu XK, Muhire J, Shi YP. Green-emitting functionalized silicon nanoparticles as an "off-on" fluorescence bio-probe for the sensitive and selective detection of mercury (II) and 3-mercaptopropionic acid. Talanta 2023; 256:124322. [PMID: 36736269 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a class of functionalized silicon nanoparticles (F-SiNPs) bio-probes named thiol-conjugated F-SiNPs. They combine excellent biocompatibility with small dimensions (<10 nm) and biological usefulness with sustained and robust fluorescence (3.32% photoluminescent quantum yield). Identifying 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA), which lowers the quantity of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the brain, and mercury (Hg2+) was a crucially important step since their excessive levels are a sign of several disorders. Using F-SiNPs as a fluorescent bio-probe, we provided an "off-on" technique for sensitively and selectively determining Hg2+ and 3-MPA in this study. The 3-(2-aminoethylamino) propyl (dimethoxymethylsilane) and basic fuchsin as precursors were hydrothermally treated to produce the F-SiNPs exhibiting green fluorescence. Our results suggest that Hg2+ reduced the fluorescence of F-SiNPs because of strong ionic interactions and metal-ligand binding among many thiols and carboxyl groupings at the surface of Hg2+ and F-SiNPs. Additionally, the resultants demonstrated that after being quenched by Hg2+, the produced F-SiNPs led to the distinctive "off-on" response to 3-MPA. Moreover, the method could detect Hg2+ and 3-MPA with limits of detection of 0.065 μM and 0.017 μM, respectively. The technique employed is quick, easy, affordable, and environmentally friendly. The sensing platform has successfully determined Hg2+ and 3-MPA in urine, water, and human serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Iradukunda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing-Yan Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Stanislas Nsanzamahoro
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Kang Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jules Muhire
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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5
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Chong YK, Chandrashekar C, Zhao D, Maki Y, Okamoto R, Kajihara Y. Optimization of Semisynthetic Approach for Glycosyl Interferon-β-polypeptide by Utilizing Bacterial Protein Expression and Chemical Modification. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1907-1915. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a sufficient amount of homogenous glycoprotein is of great interest because the natural glycoproteins show a considerable heterogeneity in oligosaccharide structures making the studies of glycan structure-function relationship...
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6
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Okamoto R, Iritani K, Amazaki Y, Zhao D, Chandrashekar C, Maki Y, Kanemitsu Y, Kaino T, Kajihara Y. Semisynthesis of a Homogeneous Glycoprotein Using Chemical Transformation of Peptides to Thioester Surrogates. J Org Chem 2021; 87:114-124. [PMID: 34889597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Semisynthesis using recombinant polypeptides as building blocks is a powerful approach for the preparation of proteins with a variety of modifications such as glycosylation. The activation of the C terminus of recombinant peptides is a key step for coupling peptide building blocks and preparing a full-length polypeptide of a target protein. This article reports two chemical approaches for transformation of the C terminus of recombinant polypeptides to thioester surrogates. The first approach relies on efficient substitution of the C-terminal Cys residue with bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amine (SEA) to yield peptide-thioester surrogates. The second approach employs a native tripeptide, cysteinyl-glycyl-cysteine (CGC), to yield peptide-thioesters via a process mediated by a thioester surrogate. Both chemical transformation methods employ native peptide sequences and were thereby successfully applied to recombinant polypeptides. As a consequence, we succeeded in the semisynthesis of a glycosylated form of inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS) for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kento Iritani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoko Amazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Donglin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Chaitra Chandrashekar
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuta Maki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yurie Kanemitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tomoka Kaino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kajihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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7
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Peptide Hydrazides as Thioester Equivalents for the Chemical Synthesis of Proteins. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2133:119-140. [PMID: 32144665 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0434-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The chemical synthesis of proteins allows for the precise control of structural information at the atomic level, overcoming the limits of protein expression. Peptide hydrazides are widely used as thioester equivalents in the total chemical synthesis and semisynthesis of proteins as they can be easily prepared using standard solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and recombinant peptide techniques. Via treatment with NaNO2 and subsequent thiolysis, peptide hydrazides can be rapidly converted to peptide thioesters, which then selectively react with recombinant protein containing an N-terminal cysteine (Cys) to form a native peptide bond, thereby linking the two peptide segments without isolating any intermediates.
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8
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Kerdraon F, Bogard G, Snella B, Drobecq H, Pichavant M, Agouridas V, Melnyk O. Insights into the Mechanism and Catalysis of Peptide Thioester Synthesis by Alkylselenols Provide a New Tool for Chemical Protein Synthesis. Molecules 2021; 26:1386. [PMID: 33806630 PMCID: PMC7961367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While thiol-based catalysts are widely employed for chemical protein synthesis relying on peptide thioester chemistry, this is less true for selenol-based catalysts whose development is in its infancy. In this study, we compared different selenols derived from the selenocysteamine scaffold for their capacity to promote thiol-thioester exchanges in water at mildly acidic pH and the production of peptide thioesters from bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amido (SEA) peptides. The usefulness of a selected selenol compound is illustrated by the total synthesis of a biologically active human chemotactic protein, which plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Kerdraon
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Gemma Bogard
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Benoît Snella
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Hervé Drobecq
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Muriel Pichavant
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
- Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- U1019-UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.K.); (G.B.); (B.S.); (H.D.); (M.P.)
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9
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Abboud SA, Aucagne V. An optimized protocol for the synthesis of N-2-hydroxybenzyl-cysteine peptide crypto-thioesters. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8199-8208. [PMID: 33034311 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01737j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a robust upgraded synthetic protocol for the synthesis of N-Hnb-Cys crypto-thioester peptides, useful building blocks for segment-based chemical protein synthesis through native chemical ligation. We recently observed the formation of an isomeric co-product when using a different solid support than the originally-reported one, thus hampering the general applicability of the methodology. We undertook a systematic study to characterize this compound and identify the parameters favouring its formation. We show here that epimerization from l- to d-cysteine occurred during the key solid-supported reductive amination step. We also observed the formation of imidazolidinones by-products arising from incomplete reduction of the imine. Structural characterization combined with the deciphering of underlying reaction mechanisms allowed us to optimize conditions that abolished the formation of all these side-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skander A Abboud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans cedex 2, France.
| | - Vincent Aucagne
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans cedex 2, France.
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10
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Hayashi G, Okamoto A. Novel Strategies of Peptide Ligation for Accelerating Chemical Protein Synthesis. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2020. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.78.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo
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11
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Yanase M, Nakatsu K, Cardos CJ, Konda Y, Hayashi G, Okamoto A. Cysteinylprolyl imide (CPI) peptide: a highly reactive and easily accessible crypto-thioester for chemical protein synthesis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5967-5975. [PMID: 31360403 PMCID: PMC6566460 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00646j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new crypto-thioester, cysteinylprolyl imide (CPI) peptide, offers a practical synthetic pathway and reliable reaction rate to be successfully applied to chemical protein synthesis.
Native chemical ligation (NCL) between the C-terminal peptide thioester and the N-terminal cysteinyl-peptide revolutionized the field of chemical protein synthesis. The difficulty of direct synthesis of the peptide thioester in the Fmoc method has prompted the development of crypto-thioesters that can be efficiently converted into thioesters. Cysteinylprolyl ester (CPE), which is an N–S acyl shift-driven crypto-thioester that relies on an intramolecular O–N acyl shift to displace the amide-thioester equilibrium, enabled trans-thioesterification and subsequent NCL in one pot. However, the utility of CPE is limited because of the moderate thioesterification rates and the synthetic complexity introduced by the ester group. Herein, we develop a new crypto-thioester, cysteinylprolyl imide (CPI), which replaces the alcohol leaving group of CPE with other leaving groups such as benzimidazolidinone, oxazolidinone, and pyrrolidinone. CPI peptides were efficiently synthesized by using standard Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and subsequent on-resin imide formation. Screening of the several imide structures indicated that methyloxazolidinone-t-leucine (MeOxd-Tle) showed faster conversion into thioester and higher stability against hydrolysis under NCL conditions. Finally, by using CPMeOxd-Tle peptides, we demonstrated the chemical synthesis of affibody via N-to-C sequential, three-segment ligation and histone H2A.Z via convergent four-segment ligation. This facile and straightforward method is expected to be broadly applicable to chemical protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Yanase
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
| | - Koki Nakatsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
| | - Charlane Joy Cardos
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
| | - Yoshiki Konda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
| | - Gosuke Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan . .,Department of Biomolecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku , Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan .
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan . .,Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology , The University of Tokyo , 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 153-8904 , Japan
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12
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Agouridas V, El Mahdi O, Diemer V, Cargoët M, Monbaliu JCM, Melnyk O. Native Chemical Ligation and Extended Methods: Mechanisms, Catalysis, Scope, and Limitations. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7328-7443. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Agouridas
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ouafâa El Mahdi
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, BP 1223 Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Vincent Diemer
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marine Cargoët
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, Room 3/16a, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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13
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Zhou B, Faridoon, Tian X, Li J, Guan D, Zheng X, Guo Y, Huang W. On-resin peptide ligation via C-terminus benzyl ester. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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A dual functional peptide-auxiliary conjugate for C-to-N and N-to-C sequential native chemical ligation of glycopeptides. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5016-5021. [PMID: 28579308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Long, homogeneously glycosylated peptides and proteins can be assembled from multiple segments via sequential chemoselective reactions. The efficiency of the synthesis depends on the effectiveness and number of steps and on their compatibility with glycosylation methods. Here, we present how the combination of auxiliary-mediated native chemical ligation and thioester generation via hydrazinolysis from Wang-type resin enables multiple, sequential N-to-C and C-to-N ligations. The method can be applied to glycosylated peptides and peptide α-thioesters and has the potential to be further extended to sequential glycosylation, thus paving the way to the synthesis of complex homogeneous glycoproteins. We applied this methodology to the synthesis of long MUC1 variants comprising 2, 4 and 6 tandem repeats and three O-glycosylations.
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15
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Jiang YY, Zhu L, Man X, Liang Y, Bi S. Mechanism of trifluoroacetic-acid-promoted N-to-S acyl transfer of enamides. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Agouridas V, El Mahdi O, Cargoët M, Melnyk O. A statistical view of protein chemical synthesis using NCL and extended methodologies. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4938-4945. [PMID: 28578993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation and extended methodologies are the most popular chemoselective reactions for protein chemical synthesis. Their combination with desulfurization techniques can give access to small or challenging proteins that are exploited in a large variety of research areas. In this report, we have conducted a statistical review of their use for protein chemical synthesis in order to provide a flavor of the recent trends and identify the most popular chemical tools used by protein chemists. To this end, a protein chemical synthesis (PCS) database (http://pcs-db.fr) was created by collecting a set of relevant data from more than 450 publications covering the period 1994-2017. A preliminary account of what this database tells us is presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | | | - Marine Cargoët
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
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17
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Rao C, Liu CF. Peptide Weinreb amide derivatives as thioester precursors for native chemical ligation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2491-2496. [PMID: 28170021 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00103g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peptide Weinreb amide derivatives with an N-substituted mercaptoethyl group are designed as thioester precursors for native chemical ligation. We show that these amides undergo rapid ligation with a cysteinyl peptide under normal NCL conditions to form various Xaa-Cys peptide bonds, including the difficult Val-Cys junction. Facile synthesis of the Weinreb amide linkers allows easy access to this new type of peptide thioester precursor by standard Fmoc solid phase synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Rao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551.
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18
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Miyajima R, Tsuda Y, Inokuma T, Shigenaga A, Imanishi M, Futaki S, Otaka A. Preparation of peptide thioesters from naturally occurring sequences using reaction sequence consisting of regioselective S-cyanylation and hydrazinolysis. Biopolymers 2017; 106:531-46. [PMID: 26501985 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The vital roles of peptide/protein thioesters in protein chemistry, including chemical or semi-synthesis of proteins, have encouraged studies on the development of methods for the preparation of such chemical units. Biochemical protocols using intein or sortase have proved to be useful in protein chemistry as methods suitable for naturally occurring sequences, including recombinant proteins. Although chemical protocols are potential options for thioester preparation, only a few are applicable to naturally occurring sequences, because standard chemical protocols require an artificial chemical device for producing thioesters. In this context, the chemical preparation of thioesters based on a reaction sequence consisting of regioselective S-cyanylation and hydrazinolysis was investigated. Regioselective S-cyanylation, which is required for cysteine-containing thioesters, was achieved with the aid of a zinc-complex formation of a CCHH-type zinc-finger sequence. Free cysteine residues that are not involved in complex formation were selectively protected with a 6-nitroveratryl group followed by S-cyanylation of the zinc-binding cysteine. Hydrazinolysis of the resulting S-cyanopeptide and subsequent photo-removal of the 6-nitroveratryl group yielded the desired peptide hydrazide, which was then converted to the corresponding thioester. The generated thioester was successfully used in N-to-C-directed one-pot/sequential native chemical ligation using an N-sulfanylethylanilide peptide to give a 64-residue peptide toxin. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 531-546, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rin Miyajima
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsuda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Inokuma
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
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19
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Abstract
The present review offers an overview of nonclassical (e.g., with no pre- or in situ activation of a carboxylic acid partner) approaches for the construction of amide bonds. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was mainly done in the field in the last 20 years. Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to substrate classes: catalytic direct formation of amides from carboxylic and amines ( section 2 ); the use of carboxylic acid surrogates ( section 3 ); and the use of amine surrogates ( section 4 ). The ligation strategies (NCL, Staudinger, KAHA, KATs, etc.) that could involve both carboxylic acid and amine surrogates are treated separately in section 5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Marcia de Figueiredo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Simon Suppo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marc Campagne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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20
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Tian X, Li J, Huang W. Optimal peptide hydrazide ligation with C-terminus Asp, Asn, and Gln hydrazides. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Elashal HE, Sim YE, Raj M. Serine promoted synthesis of peptide thioester-precursor on solid support for native chemical ligation. Chem Sci 2016; 8:117-123. [PMID: 28451155 PMCID: PMC5308276 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02162j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis of peptide thioesters by displacement of the cyclic urethane moiety obtained by the selective activation of C-terminal serine.
Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis of thioesters for the chemical synthesis of proteins via native chemical ligation is a challenge. We have developed a versatile approach for direct synthesis of peptide thioesters from a solid support utilizing Fmoc chemistry. Peptide thioester synthesis is performed by the formation of a cyclic urethane moiety via a selective reaction of the backbone amide chain with the side group of serine. The activated cyclic urethane moiety undergoes displacement by a thiol to generate the thioester directly from the solid support. Importantly, the method activates the serine residue for the synthesis of peptide thioesters; thus it is fully automated and free of the types of resins, linkers, handles, and unnatural amino acids typically needed for the synthesis of peptide thioesters using Fmoc chemistry. The resulting thioester is free of epimerization and is successfully applied for the synthesis of longer peptides using NCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hader E Elashal
- Department of Chemistry , Seton Hall University , 400 South Orange Ave , South Orange , NJ 07079 , USA .
| | - Yonnette E Sim
- Department of Chemistry , Seton Hall University , 400 South Orange Ave , South Orange , NJ 07079 , USA .
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry , Seton Hall University , 400 South Orange Ave , South Orange , NJ 07079 , USA .
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22
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Raibaut L, Cargoët M, Ollivier N, Chang YM, Drobecq H, Boll E, Desmet R, Monbaliu JCM, Melnyk O. Accelerating chemoselective peptide bond formation using bis(2-selenylethyl)amido peptide selenoester surrogates. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2657-2665. [PMID: 28660038 PMCID: PMC5477010 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the potential of peptide selenoesters for protein total synthesis and the paucity of methods for the synthesis of these sensitive peptide derivatives, we sought to explore the usefulness of the bis(2-selenylethyl)amido (SeEA) group, i.e. the selenium analog of the bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amido (SEA) group, for accelerating peptide bond formation. A chemoselective exchange process operating in water was devised for converting SEA peptides into the SeEA ones. Kinetic studies show that SeEA ligation, which relies on an initial N,Se-acyl shift process, proceeds significantly faster than SEA ligation. This property enabled the design of a kinetically controlled three peptide segment assembly process based on the sequential use of SeEA and SEA ligation reactions. The method was validated by the total synthesis of hepatocyte growth factor K1 (85 AA) and biotinylated NK1 (180 AA) domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Raibaut
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Marine Cargoët
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Nathalie Ollivier
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Yun Min Chang
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Hervé Drobecq
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Emmanuelle Boll
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Rémi Desmet
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis , Department of Chemistry , University of Liège , Building B6a, Room 3/16a, Sart-Tilman , B-4000 Liège , Belgium
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- UMR CNRS 8161 CNRS , Université de Lille , Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1 rue du Pr Calmette , 59021 Lille Cedex , France .
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23
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Cowper B, Shariff L, Chen W, Gibson SM, Di WL, Macmillan D. Expanding the scope of N → S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7469-76. [PMID: 26066020 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that influence N → S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences, and discovery of new reagents that facilitate it, will be key to expanding its scope and applicability. Here, through a study of short model peptides in thioester formation and cyclisation reactions, we demonstrate that a wider variety of Xaa-Cys motifs than originally envisaged are capable of undergoing efficient N → S acyl transfer. We present data for the relative rates of thioester formation and cyclisation for a representative set of amino acids, and show how this expanded scope can be applied to the production of the natural protease inhibitor Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Cowper
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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24
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Behrendt R, White P, Offer J. Advances in Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. J Pept Sci 2016; 22:4-27. [PMID: 26785684 PMCID: PMC4745034 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Today, Fmoc SPPS is the method of choice for peptide synthesis. Very-high-quality Fmoc building blocks are available at low cost because of the economies of scale arising from current multiton production of therapeutic peptides by Fmoc SPPS. Many modified derivatives are commercially available as Fmoc building blocks, making synthetic access to a broad range of peptide derivatives straightforward. The number of synthetic peptides entering clinical trials has grown continuously over the last decade, and recent advances in the Fmoc SPPS technology are a response to the growing demand from medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. Improvements are being continually reported for peptide quality, synthesis time and novel synthetic targets. Topical peptide research has contributed to a continuous improvement and expansion of Fmoc SPPS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Behrendt
- Novabiochem, Merck & CieIm Laternenacker 58200SchaffhausenSwitzerland
| | - Peter White
- Novabiochem, Merck Chemicals LtdPadge RoadBeestonNG9 2JRUK
| | - John Offer
- The Francis Crick Institute215 Euston RoadLondonNW1 2BEUK
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25
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Terrier VP, Adihou H, Arnould M, Delmas AF, Aucagne V. A straightforward method for automated Fmoc-based synthesis of bio-inspired peptide crypto-thioesters. Chem Sci 2015; 7:339-345. [PMID: 29861986 PMCID: PMC5952550 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02630j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A bio-inspired method for the synthesis of peptide thioester surrogates for native chemical ligation was developed. The process can be fully automated and does not require postsynthetic steps.
Despite recent advances, the direct Fmoc-based solid phase synthesis of peptide α-thioesters for the convergent synthesis of proteins via native chemical ligation (NCL) remains a challenge in the field. We herein report a simple and general methodology, enabling access to peptide thioester surrogates. A novel C-terminal N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)cysteine thioesterification device based on an amide-to-thioester rearrangement was developed, and the resulting peptide crypto-thioesters can be directly used in NCL reactions with fast N → S shift kinetics at neutral pH. These fast kinetics arise from our bio-inspired design, via intein-like intramolecular catalysis. Due to a well-positioned phenol moiety, an impressive >50 fold increase in the kinetic rate is observed compared to an O-methylated derivative. Importantly, the synthesis of this new device can be fully automated using inexpensive commercially available materials and does not require any post-synthetic steps prior to NCL. We successfully applied this new method to the synthesis of two long naturally-occurring cysteine-rich peptide sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Terrier
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire , CNRS UPR 4301 , Rue Charles Sadron , 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 , France .
| | - Hélène Adihou
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire , CNRS UPR 4301 , Rue Charles Sadron , 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 , France .
| | - Mathieu Arnould
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire , CNRS UPR 4301 , Rue Charles Sadron , 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 , France .
| | - Agnès F Delmas
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire , CNRS UPR 4301 , Rue Charles Sadron , 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 , France .
| | - Vincent Aucagne
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire , CNRS UPR 4301 , Rue Charles Sadron , 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 , France .
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26
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Tsuda Y, Shigenaga A, Tsuji K, Denda M, Sato K, Kitakaze K, Nakamura T, Inokuma T, Itoh K, Otaka A. Development of a Chemical Methodology for the Preparation of Peptide Thioesters Applicable to Naturally Occurring Peptides Using a Sequential Quadruple Acyl Transfer System. ChemistryOpen 2015; 4:448-52. [PMID: 26478838 PMCID: PMC4603404 DOI: 10.1002/open.201500086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide thioesters are very useful in protein chemistry, and chemistry- and biochemistry-based protocols are used for the preparation of thioesters. Among such protocols, only a few biochemistry-based approaches have been use for naturally occurring peptide sequences. The development of chemistry-based protocols applicable to natural sequences remains a challenge, and the development of such methods would be a major contribution to protein science. Here, we describe the preparation of peptide thioesters using innovative methodology that features nickel(II)-mediated alcoholysis of a naturally occurring peptide sequence, followed by O−N and N−S acyl transfers. This protocol involves sequential quadruple acyl transfer, termed SQAT. Notably, the SQAT system consists of sequential chemical reactions that allow naturally occurring peptide sequences to be converted to thioesters without requiring an artificial chemical unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tsuda
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsuji
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Masaya Denda
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kitakaze
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Inokuma
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kohji Itoh
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Health Bioscience, Graduate School of PharmaceuticalSciences, Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
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27
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Li Y, Bi T, Camarero JA. Chemical and biological production of cyclotides. ADVANCES IN BOTANICAL RESEARCH 2015; 76:271-303. [PMID: 27064329 PMCID: PMC4822716 DOI: 10.1016/bs.abr.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclotides are fascinating naturally occurring micro-proteins (≈30 residues long) present in several plant families, and display various biological properties such as protease inhibitory, anti-microbial, insecticidal, cytotoxic, anti-HIV and hormone-like activities. Cyclotides share a unique head-to-tail circular knotted topology of three disulfide bridges, with one disulfide penetrating through a macrocycle formed by the two other disulfides and interconnecting peptide backbones, forming what is called a cystine knot topology. This cyclic cystine knot (CCK) framework gives the cyclotides exceptional rigidity, resistance to thermal and chemical denaturation, and enzymatic stability against degradation. Interestingly, cyclotides have been shown to be orally bioavailable, and other cyclotides have been shown to cross the cell membranes. Moreover, recent reports have also shown that engineered cyclotides can be efficiently used to target extracellular and intracellular protein-protein interactions, therefore making cyclotides ideal tools for drug development to selectively target protein-protein interactions. In this work we will review all the available methods for production of these interesting proteins using chemical or biological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tao Bi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Julio A. Camarero
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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28
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Cowper B, Sze TM, Premdjee B, Bongat White AF, Hacking A, Macmillan D. Examination of mercaptobenzyl sulfonates as catalysts for native chemical ligation: application to the assembly of a glycosylated Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3208-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09502b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3/4-Mercaptobenzyl sulfonates were investigated as aryl thiol catalysts for native chemical ligation (NCL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Cowper
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
| | - Tsz Mei Sze
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Hacking
- Dextra Laboratories Ltd
- Science and Technology Centre
- Earley Gate
- Reading
- UK
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29
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From protein total synthesis to peptide transamidation and metathesis: playing with the reversibility of N,S-acyl or N,Se-acyl migration reactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2014; 22:137-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Zheng JS, Chen X, Tang S, Chang HN, Wang FL, Zuo C. A New Method for Synthesis of Peptide Thioesters via Irreversible N-to-S Acyl Transfer. Org Lett 2014; 16:4908-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5024213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shen Zheng
- High
Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking
Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Tsinghua-Peking
Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hao-Nan Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng-Liang Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chao Zuo
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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31
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Ollivier N, Blanpain A, Boll E, Raibaut L, Drobecq H, Melnyk O. Selenopeptide transamidation and metathesis. Org Lett 2014; 16:4032-5. [PMID: 25017723 PMCID: PMC4120982 DOI: 10.1021/ol501866j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Selenopeptides
can be transamidated by cysteinyl peptides in water
using mild conditions (pH 5.5, 37 °C) in the presence of an arylthiol
catalyst. Similar conditions also catalyze the metathesis of selenopeptides.
The usefulness of the selenophosphine derived from TCEP (TCEP=Se)
for inhibiting the TCEP-induced deselenization of selenocysteine residue
is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Ollivier
- CNRS UMR 8161, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France , 59021 Lille, France
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32
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Qiu Y, Hemu X, Liu DX, Tam JP. Selective Bi-directional Amide Bond Cleavage ofN-Methylcysteinyl Peptide. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Facile synthesis of C-terminal peptide hydrazide and thioester of NY-ESO-1 (A39-A68) from an Fmoc-hydrazine 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Ruff Y, Garavini V, Giuseppone N. Reversible native chemical ligation: a facile access to dynamic covalent peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6333-9. [PMID: 24717128 DOI: 10.1021/ja4129845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The broad interest of using reversible covalent bonds in chemistry, in particular at its interfaces with biology and materials science, has been recently established through numerous examples in the literature. However, the challenging exchange of peptide fragments using a dynamic covalent peptide bond has not yet been achieved without enzymatic catalysis because of its high thermodynamic stability. Here we show that peptide fragments can be exchanged by a chemoselective and reversible native chemical ligation (NCL) which can take place at N-(methyl)-cysteine residues. This very mild reaction is efficient in aqueous solution, is buffered at physiological pH in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT), and shows typical half-times of equilibration in the 10 h range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Ruff
- SAMS Research Group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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35
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Liu F, Mayer JP. Protein Chemical Synthesis in Drug Discovery. PROTEIN LIGATION AND TOTAL SYNTHESIS I 2014; 362:183-228. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Burlina F, Papageorgiou G, Morris C, White PD, Offer J. Insitu thioester formation for protein ligation using α-methylcysteine. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52140k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Chemical synthesis of proteins using N-sulfanylethylanilide peptides, based on N-S acyl transfer chemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 363:33-56. [PMID: 25467538 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL), which features the use of peptide thioesters, is among the most reliable ligation protocols in chemical protein synthesis. Thioesters have conventionally been synthesized using tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc)-based solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS); however, the increasing use of 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) SPPS requires an efficient preparative protocol for thioesters which is fully compatible with Fmoc chemistry. We have addressed this issue by mimicking the naturally occurring thioester-forming step seen in intein-mediated protein splicing of the intein-extein system, using an appropriate chemical device to induce N-S acyl transfer reaction, avoiding the problems associated with Fmoc strategies. We have developed N-sulfanylethylanilide (SEAlide) peptides, which can be synthesized by standard Fmoc SPPS and converted to the corresponding thioesters through treatment under acidic conditions. Extensive examination of SEAlide peptides showed that the amide-type SEAlide peptides can be directly and efficiently involved in NCL via thioester species in the presence of phosphate salts, even under neutral conditions. The presence or absence of phosphate salts provided kinetically controllable chemoselectivity in NCL for SEAlide peptides. This allowed SEAlide peptides to be used in both one-pot/N-to-C-directed sequential NCL under kinetically controlled conditions, and the convergent coupling of large peptide fragments, which facilitated the chemical synthesis of proteins over about 100 residues. The use of SEAlide peptides, enabling sequential NCL operated under kinetically controlled conditions, and the convergent coupling, were used for the total chemical synthesis of a 162-residue monoglycosylated GM2-activator protein (GM2AP) analog.
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Guan X, Chaffey PK, Zeng C, Tan Z. New Methods for Chemical Protein Synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 363:155-92. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Kawakami T. Peptide Thioester Formation via an Intramolecular N to S Acyl Shift for Peptide Ligation. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 362:107-35. [PMID: 25370522 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In chemical protein synthesis, peptide building blocks are prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), and then connected by chemical ligation methods. The peptide thioester is one of key building blocks used in chemical protein synthesis, and improvements in the Fmoc SPPS procedure for preparing such thioesters would be highly desirable. In this review we focus on a method for peptide thioester synthesis based on the use of an intramolecular N to S acyl shift reaction as a key reaction. Amide and thioester forms at the thiol-containing residue are in equilibrium as a result of a reversible intramolecular acyl shift, which is detectable by 13C NMR. The amide form is favored under neutral conditions, while the thioester predominates under acidic conditions. Thiol auxiliaries can be employed to facilitate the formation of a thioester from an amide via an intramolecular N-S acyl shift, and the peptide thioester is formed after intermolecular transthioesterification in the presence of excess amounts of thiols. Even under neutral conditions, thiol auxiliary-containing peptides can be ligated with a cysteinyl peptide via an intramolecular N-S acyl shift, followed by native chemical ligation (NCL) in a one-pot reaction. These procedures can be applied to the chemical synthesis of proteins which are post-translationally modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kawakami
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan,
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Zheng JS, Tang S, Huang YC, Liu L. Development of new thioester equivalents for protein chemical synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:2475-84. [PMID: 23701458 DOI: 10.1021/ar400012w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The chemical synthesis of proteins provides synthetic chemists with an interesting challenge and supports biological research through the generation of proteins that are not produced naturally. Although it offers advantages, studies of solid phase peptide synthesis have established limits for this technique: researchers can only prepare peptides up to 50 amino acids in length in sufficient yields and purity. Therefore, researchers have developed techniques to condense peptide segments to build longer polypeptide chains. The method of choice for chemical synthesis of these longer polypeptides is convergent condensation of unprotected protein fragments by the native chemical ligation reaction in aqueous buffer. As researchers apply this strategy to increasingly difficult protein targets, they have needed to overcome diverse problems such as the requirement for a thiol-containing amino acid residue at the ligation site, the difficulty in synthesizing thioester intermediates under mild conditions, and the challenge of condensing multiple peptide segments with higher efficiency. In this Account, we describe our research toward the development of new thioester equivalents for protein chemical synthesis. We have focused on a simple idea of finding new chemistry to selectively convert a relatively "low-energy" acyl group such as an ester or amide to a thioester under mild conditions. We have learned that this seemingly unfavorable acyl substitution process can occur by the coupling of the ester or amide with another energetically favorable reaction, such as the irreversible hydrolysis of an enamine or condensation of a hydrazide with nitrous acid. Using this strategy, we have developed several new thioester equivalents that we can use for the condensation of protein segments. These new thioester equivalents not only improve the efficiency for the preparation of the intermediates needed for protein chemical synthesis but also allow for the design of new convergent routes for the condensation of multiple protein fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shen Zheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi-Chao Huang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Abstract
This protocol provides a detailed procedure for the chemical synthesis of proteins through native chemical ligation of peptide hydrazides. The two crucial stages of this protocol are (i) the solid-phase synthesis of peptide hydrazides via Fmoc chemistry and (ii) the native chemical ligation of peptide hydrazides through in situ NaNO2 activation and thiolysis. This protocol may be of help in the synthesis of proteins that are not easily produced by recombinant technology and that include acid-sensitive modifications; it also does not involve the use of hazardous HF. The utility of the protocol is shown for the total synthesis of 140-aa-long α-synuclein, a protein that has an important role in the development of Parkinson's disease. The whole synthesis of the target protein α-synuclein in milligram scale takes ~30 working days.
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42
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Adams AL, Cowper B, Morgan RE, Premdjee B, Caddick S, Macmillan D. Cysteine Promoted C-Terminal Hydrazinolysis of Native Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Adams AL, Cowper B, Morgan RE, Premdjee B, Caddick S, Macmillan D. Cysteine promoted C-terminal hydrazinolysis of native peptides and proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13062-6. [PMID: 24123371 PMCID: PMC4065347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ (United Kingdom)
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44
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Liu F, Mayer JP. An Fmoc Compatible, O to S Shift-Mediated Procedure for the Preparation of C-Terminal Thioester Peptides. J Org Chem 2013; 78:9848-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4015112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fa Liu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - John P. Mayer
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
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45
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Cowper B, Craik DJ, Macmillan D. Making ends meet: chemically mediated circularization of recombinant proteins. Chembiochem 2013; 14:809-12. [PMID: 23559418 PMCID: PMC4016753 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A selective N→S acyl transfer reaction facilitates semi-synthesis of the plant cyclotide kalata B1 from a linear precursor peptide of bacterial origin, through simple appendage of N-terminal cysteine and a thiol-labile C-terminal Gly-Cys motif. This constitutes the first synthesis of a ribosomally derived circular miniprotein, without recourse to protein splicing elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Cowper
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ (UK) E-mail:
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, 4072 (Australia)
| | - Derek Macmillan
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ (UK) E-mail:
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Volkmann G, Mootz HD. Recent progress in intein research: from mechanism to directed evolution and applications. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:1185-206. [PMID: 22926412 PMCID: PMC11113529 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Inteins catalyze a post-translational modification known as protein splicing, where the intein removes itself from a precursor protein and concomitantly ligates the flanking protein sequences with a peptide bond. Over the past two decades, inteins have risen from a peculiarity to a rich source of applications in biotechnology, biomedicine, and protein chemistry. In this review, we focus on developments of intein-related research spanning the last 5 years, including the three different splicing mechanisms and their molecular underpinnings, the directed evolution of inteins towards improved splicing in exogenous protein contexts, as well as novel applications of inteins for cell biology and protein engineering, which were made possible by a clearer understanding of the protein splicing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Volkmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Henning D. Mootz
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
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47
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Binschik J, Mootz HD. Chemical bypass of intein-catalyzed N-S acyl shift in protein splicing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4260-4. [PMID: 23468274 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Binschik
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
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48
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Binschik J, Mootz HD. Chemischer “Bypass” des Intein-katalysierten N-S-Acyltransfers im Proteinspleißen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Liu M, Lin S, Ding J, Gao W, Wu H, Chen J. Decarboxylation of isatoic anhydrides with disulfides: an efficient and general synthesis of S-aryl 2-aminobenzothioate derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Thomas F. Fmoc-based peptide thioester synthesis with self-purifying effect: heading to native chemical ligation in parallel formats. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:141-7. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Thomas
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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