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Yang TL, Stogiannari M, Janeczko S, Khoshan M, Lin Y, Isreb A, Habashy R, Giebułtowic J, Peak M, Alhnan MA. Towards Point-of-Care Manufacturing and Analysis of Immediate-Release 3D Printed Hydrocortisone Tablets for The Treatment of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. Int J Pharm 2023:123072. [PMID: 37230368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocortisone (HC) is the preferred drug in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to its lower potency as well as fewer reports of side effects. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing holds the potential to produce low-cost personalised doses for children at the point of care. However, the compatibility of the thermal process to produce immediate-release bespoke tablets for this thermally labile active is yet to be established. This work aims to develop immediate-release HC tablets using FDM 3D printing and assess drug contents as a critical quality attribute (CQA) using a compact, low-cost near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a process analytical technology (PAT). The FDM 3D printing temperature (140 °C) and drug concentration in the filament (10%-15% w/w) were critical parameters to meet the compendial criteria for drug contents and impurities. Using a compact low-cost NIR spectral device over a wavelength of 900-1700 nm, the drug contents of 3D printed tablets were assessed. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to develop individual calibration models to detect HC content in 3D printed tablets of lower drug contents, small caplet design, and relatively complex formula. The models demonstrated the ability to predict HC concentrations over a wide concentration range (0-15% w/w), which was confirmed by HPLC as a reference method. Ultimately, the capability of the NIR model had preceding dose verification performance on HC tablets, with linearity (R2 = 0.981) and accuracy (RMSECV = 0.46%). In the future, the integration of 3DP technology with non-destructive PAT techniques will accelerate the adoption of on-demand, individualised dosing in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzuyi L Yang
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Melpomeni Stogiannari
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Sylwia Janeczko
- Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marva Khoshan
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Yueyuan Lin
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Abdullah Isreb
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Joanna Giebułtowic
- Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthew Peak
- Paediatric Medicines Research Unit, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, L12 2AP
| | - Mohamed A Alhnan
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kings College, London, UK
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2
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Awotunde O, Roseboom N, Cai J, Hayes K, Rajane R, Chen R, Yusuf A, Lieberman M. Discrimination of Substandard and Falsified Formulations from Genuine Pharmaceuticals Using NIR Spectra and Machine Learning. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12586-12594. [PMID: 36067409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a promising technique for field identification of substandard and falsified drugs because it is portable, rapid, nondestructive, and can differentiate many formulated pharmaceutical products. Portable NIR spectrometers rely heavily on chemometric analyses based on libraries of NIR spectra from authentic pharmaceutical samples. However, it is difficult to build comprehensive product libraries in many low- and middle-income countries due to the large numbers of manufacturers who supply these markets, frequent unreported changes in materials sourcing and product formulation by the manufacturers, and general lack of cooperation in providing authentic samples. In this work, we show that a simple library of lab-formulated binary mixtures of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with two diluents gave good performance on field screening tasks, such as discriminating substandard and falsified formulations of the API. Six data analysis models, including principal component analysis and support-vector machine classification and regression methods and convolutional neural networks, were trained on binary mixtures of acetaminophen with either lactose or ascorbic acid. While the models all performed strongly in cross-validation (on formulations similar to their training set), they individually showed poor robustness for formulations outside the training set. However, a predictive algorithm based on the six models, trained only on binary samples, accurately predicts whether the correct amount of acetaminophen is present in ternary mixtures, genuine acetaminophen formulations, adulterated acetaminophen formulations, and falsified formulations containing substitute APIs. This data analytics approach may extend the utility of NIR spectrometers for analysis of pharmaceuticals in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunde Awotunde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Nicholas Roseboom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jin Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Kathleen Hayes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Revati Rajane
- Precise Software Solutions Inc, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Ruoyan Chen
- Precise Software Solutions Inc, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Abdullah Yusuf
- Precise Software Solutions Inc, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Marya Lieberman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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3
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Baranwal Y, Román-Ospino AD, Keyvan G, Ha JM, Hong EP, Muzzio FJ, Ramachandran R. Prediction of dissolution profiles by non-destructive NIR spectroscopy in bilayer tablets. Int J Pharm 2019; 565:419-436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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4
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Quantitation of trace amorphous solifenacin succinate in pharmaceutical formulations by transmission Raman spectroscopy. Int J Pharm 2019; 565:325-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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5
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Calvo NL, Maggio RM, Kaufman TS. Characterization of pharmaceutically relevant materials at the solid state employing chemometrics methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:538-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Kakio T, Yoshida N, Macha S, Moriguchi K, Hiroshima T, Ikeda Y, Tsuboi H, Kimura K. Classification and Visualization of Physical and Chemical Properties of Falsified Medicines with Handheld Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Computed Tomography. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:684-689. [PMID: 28722604 PMCID: PMC5590587 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Analytical methods for the detection of substandard and falsified medical products (SFs) are important for public health and patient safety. Research to understand how the physical and chemical properties of SFs can be most effectively applied to distinguish the SFs from authentic products has not yet been investigated enough. Here, we investigated the usefulness of two analytical methods, handheld Raman spectroscopy (handheld Raman) and X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT), for detecting SFs among oral solid antihypertensive pharmaceutical products containing candesartan cilexetil as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). X-ray CT visualized at least two different types of falsified tablets, one containing many cracks and voids and the other containing aggregates with high electron density, such as from the presence of the heavy elements. Generic products that purported to contain equivalent amounts of API to the authentic products were discriminated from the authentic products by the handheld Raman and the different physical structure on X-ray CT. Approach to investigate both the chemical and physical properties with handheld Raman and X-ray CT, respectively, promise the accurate discrimination of the SFs, even if their visual appearance is similar with authentic products. We present a decision tree for investigating the authenticity of samples purporting to be authentic commercial tablets. Our results indicate that the combination approach of visual observation, handheld Raman and X-ray CT is a powerful strategy for nondestructive discrimination of suspect samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kakio
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- Drug Management and Policy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Susan Macha
- Global Product Protection, Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Deerfield, Illinois
| | - Kazunobu Moriguchi
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Hiroshima
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ikeda
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsuboi
- Drug Management and Policy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kimura
- Drug Management and Policy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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7
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Zhan H, Fang J, Tang L, Yang H, Li H, Wang Z, Yang B, Wu H, Fu M. Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for the rapid quality assessment of Radix Paeoniae Rubra. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 183:75-83. [PMID: 28437688 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with multivariate analysis was used to quantify gallic acid, catechin, albiflorin, and paeoniflorin in Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and the feasibility to classify the samples originating from different areas was investigated. A new high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated to analyze gallic acid, catechin, albiflorin, and paeoniflorin in Radix Paeoniae Rubra as the reference. Partial least squares (PLS), principal component regression (PCR), and stepwise multivariate linear regression (SMLR) were performed to calibrate the regression model. Different data pretreatments such as derivatives (1st and 2nd), multiplicative scatter correction, standard normal variate, Savitzky-Golay filter, and Norris derivative filter were applied to remove the systematic errors. The performance of the model was evaluated according to the root mean square of calibration (RMSEC), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV), and correlation coefficient (r). The results show that compared to PCR and SMLR, PLS had a lower RMSEC, RMSECV, and RMSEP and higher r for all the four analytes. PLS coupled with proper pretreatments showed good performance in both the fitting and predicting results. Furthermore, the original areas of Radix Paeoniae Rubra samples were partly distinguished by principal component analysis. This study shows that NIR with PLS is a reliable, inexpensive, and rapid tool for the quality assessment of Radix Paeoniae Rubra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liying Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhuju Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Meihong Fu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dong Nei Nan Xiao Jie 16, Beijing 100700, China.
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8
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Rapid Determination of Total Content of Five Major Anthraquinones in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma by NIR Spectroscopy. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(17)60101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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9
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Lin L, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Xu S, Li G. Calibration set selection method based on the “M + N” theory: application to non-invasive measurement by dynamic spectrum. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19272f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An appropriate method for calibration set selection is very important for a robust quantitative model, especially for the non-invasive measurement of blood components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques & Instruments
| | - Qirui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques & Instruments
| | - Mei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Sijia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques & Instruments
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques & Instruments
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10
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11
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Kaale E, Hope SM, Jenkins D, Layloff T. Implementation of 350–2500 nm diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and High‐Performance Thin‐Layer Chromatography to rapidly assess manufacturing consistency and quality of cotrimoxazole tablets in Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health 2015; 21:61-69. [DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliangiringa Kaale
- Pharm R&D Lab Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania
| | - Samuel M. Hope
- United States Agency for International Development Washington DC USA
| | - David Jenkins
- Product Quality and Compliance FHI 360 Durham NC USA
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12
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Doddridge GD, Shi Z. Multivariate figures of merit (FOM) investigation on the effect of instrument parameters on a Fourier transform-near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) based content uniformity method on core tablets. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 102:535-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Lee J, Duy PK, Yoon J, Chung H. Acquisition of reproducible transmission near-infrared (NIR) spectra of solid samples with inconsistent shapes by irradiation with isotropically diffused radiation using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) beads. Analyst 2014; 139:3179-87. [PMID: 24818217 DOI: 10.1039/c3an01904g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bead-incorporated transmission scheme (BITS) has been demonstrated for collecting reproducible transmission near-infrared (NIR) spectra of samples with inconsistent shapes. Isotropically diffused NIR radiation was applied around a sample and the surrounding radiation was allowed to interact homogeneously with the sample for transmission measurement. Samples were packed in 1.40 mm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) beads, ideal diffusers without NIR absorption, and then transmission spectra were collected by illuminating the sample-containing beads using NIR radiation. When collimated radiation was directly applied, a small portion of the non-fully diffused radiation (NFDR) propagated through the void space of the packing and eventually degraded the reproducibility. Pre-diffused radiation was introduced by placing an additional PTFE disk in front of the packing to diminish NFDR, which produced more reproducible spectral features. The proposed scheme was evaluated by analyzing two different solid samples: density determination for individual polyethylene (PE) pellets and identification of mining locality for tourmalines. Because spectral collection was reproducible, the use of the spectrum acquired from one PE pellet was sufficient to accurately determine the density of nine other pellets with different shapes. The differentiation of tourmalines, which are even more dissimilar in appearance, according to their mining locality was also feasible with the help of the scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinah Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea.
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14
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Kellichan N, Nordon A, Matousek P, Littlejohn D, McGeorge G. Variation in the transmission near-infrared signal with depth in turbid media. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 68:383-387. [PMID: 24666957 DOI: 10.1366/13-07002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Transmission near-infrared (NIR) measurements of a 1 mm thick aspirin disk were made at different positions as it was moved through a stack of eight 0.5 mm thick disks of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel). The magnitude of the first derivative of absorbance for the aspirin interlayer at 8934 cm(-1) was lower when the disk was placed at the top or bottom of the stack of Avicel disks, with the largest signal observed when the aspirin was positioned at the central positions. The variation in signal with depth is consistent with that observed previously for transmission Raman spectrometry. In both cases, the trend observed can be attributed to lower photon density at the air-sample interface, relative to the center of the sample, owing to loss of photons to the air. This results in a reduction in the number of photons absorbed or Raman photons generated and subsequently detected when the interlayer occupies a near-surface position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Kellichan
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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15
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Wu X, Liu Z, Li H. A novel algorithm for linear multivariate calibration based on the mixed model of samples. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 801:43-7. [PMID: 24139573 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel algorithm for linear multivariate calibration that can generate good prediction results. This is accomplished by the idea of that testing samples are mixed by the calibration samples in proper proportion. The algorithm is based on the mixed model of samples and is therefore called MMS algorithm. With both theoretical support and analysis of two data sets, it is demonstrated that MMS algorithm produces lower prediction errors than partial least squares (PLS2) model, has similar prediction performance to PLS1. In the anti-interference test of background, MMS algorithm performs better than PLS2. At the condition of the lack of some component information, MMS algorithm shows better robustness than PLS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wu
- Institute of Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China; Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Arts and Science, Xi'an 710065, PR China
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16
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Development and validation of a chemometric method for direct determination of hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical samples by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Li W, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Qu H. A study on the use of near-infrared spectroscopy for the rapid quantification of major compounds in Tanreqing injection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 101:1-7. [PMID: 23089462 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we describe the strategy used in the development and validation of a near infrared spectroscopy method for the rapid determination of baicalin, chlorogenic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and the total solid contents (TSCs) in the Tanreqing injection. To increase the representativeness of calibration sample set, a concentrating-diluting method was adopted to artificially prepare samples. Partial least square regression (PLSR) was used to establish calibration models, with which the five quality indicators can be determined with satisfied accuracy and repeatability. In addition, the slope/bias (S/B) method was used for the models transfer between two different types of NIR instruments from the same manufacturer, which is contributing to enlarge the application range of the established models. With the presented method, a great deal of time, effort and money can be saved when large amounts of Tanreqing injection samples need to be analyzed in a relatively short period of time, which is of great significance to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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18
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Application of the near-infrared spectroscopy in the pharmaceutical technology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 66:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Shi Z, Hermiller JG, Gunter TZ, Zhang X, Reed DE. A novel sample selection strategy by near-infrared spectroscopy-based high throughput tablet tester for content uniformity in early-phase pharmaceutical product development. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:2502-11. [PMID: 22516938 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article proposes a new sample selection strategy to simplify the traditional content uniformity (CU) test in early research and development (R&D) with improved statistical confidence. This strategy originated from the prescreening of a large amount of tablets by a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based high-volume tablet tester to the selection of extreme tablets with highest, medium, and lowest content of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for further high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) test. The NIRS-based high-volume tablet tester was equipped with an internally developed and integrated automated bagging and labeling system, allowing the traceability of every individual tablet by its measured physical and chemical signatures. A qualitative NIR model was used to translate spectral information to a concentration-related metric, that is scores, which allowed the selection of those extreme tablets. This sample selection strategy of extreme tablets was shown to provide equivalent representation of CU in the process compared with the traditional CU test using a large number of random samples. Because it only requires reference tests on three extreme samples per stratified location, the time- and labor-saving nature of this strategy is advantageous for CU test in early R&D. The extreme sampling approach is also shown to outperform random sampling with respect to statistical confidence for representing the process variation. In addition, a chemometric approach, which utilizes only pure component raw materials to develop an NIRS model sensitive to API concentration, is discussed with the advantage that it does not require tablets at multiple API levels. Prospective applications of this sample selection strategy are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Shi
- Analytical Science Research & Development, Lilly Research Laboratory, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA
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20
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Farrell JA, Higgins K, Kalivas JH. Updating a near-infrared multivariate calibration model formed with lab-prepared pharmaceutical tablet types to new tablet types in full production. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 61:114-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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21
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Ito M, Suzuki T, Yada S, Nakagami H, Teramoto H, Yonemochi E, Terada K. Development of a method for nondestructive NIR transmittance spectroscopic analysis of acetaminophen and caffeine anhydrate in intact bilayer tablets. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:396-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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