1
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Trometer N, Cichocki B, Chevalier Q, Pécourneau J, Strub JM, Hemmerlin A, Specht A, Davioud-Charvet E, Elhabiri M. Synthesis and Photochemical Properties of Fluorescent Metabolites Generated from Fluorinated Benzoylmenadiones in Living Cells. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2104-2126. [PMID: 37267444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the reactivity and properties of fluorinated derivatives (F-PD and F-PDO) of plasmodione (PD) and its metabolite, the plasmodione oxide (PDO). Introduction of a fluorine atom on the 2-methyl group markedly alters the redox properties of the 1,4-naphthoquinone electrophore, making the compound highly oxidizing and particularly photoreactive. A fruitful set of analytical methods (electrochemistry, absorption and emission spectrophotometry, and HRMS-ESI) have been used to highlight the products resulting from UV photoirradiation in the absence or presence of selected nucleophiles. With F-PDO and in the absence of nucleophile, photoreduction generates a highly reactive ortho-quinone methide (o-QM) capable of leading to the formation of a homodimer. In the presence of thiol nucleophiles such as β-mercaptoethanol, which was used as a model, o-QMs are continuously regenerated in sequential photoredox reactions generating mono- or disulfanylation products as well as various unreported sulfanyl products. Besides, these photoreduced adducts derived from F-PDO are characterized by a bright yellowish emission due to an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process between the dihydronapthoquinone and benzoyl units. In order to evidence the possibility of an intramolecular coupling of the o-QM intermediate, a synthetic route to the corresponding anthrones is described. Tautomerization of the targeted anthrones occurs and affords highly fluorescent stable hydroxyl-anthraquinones. Although probable to explain the intense visible fluorescence emission also observed in tobacco BY-2 cells used as a cellular model, these coupling products have never been observed during the photochemical reactions performed in this study. Our data suggest that the observed ESIPT-induced fluorescence most likely corresponds to the generation of alkylated products through reduction species, as demonstrated with the β-mercaptoethanol model. In conclusion, F-PDO thus acts as a novel (pro)-fluorescent probe for monitoring redox processes and protein alkylation in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Trometer
- Team Bio(IN)organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR7042 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS-UHA, European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bogdan Cichocki
- Team Bio(IN)organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR7042 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS-UHA, European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Quentin Chevalier
- Institut De Biologie Moléculaire Des Plantes, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67084, France
| | - Jérémy Pécourneau
- Team Bio(IN)organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR7042 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS-UHA, European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marc Strub
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), UMR7178 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, IPHC, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Andréa Hemmerlin
- Institut De Biologie Moléculaire Des Plantes, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67084, France
| | - Alexandre Specht
- Conception et Applications des Molécules Bioactives, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, Illkirch 67401, France
| | - Elisabeth Davioud-Charvet
- Team Bio(IN)organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR7042 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS-UHA, European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Team Bio(IN)organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR7042 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS-UHA, European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
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2
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Balasubramani A, Mehta G. One-Pot Synthesis of Functionally Enriched Benzo[ b]fluorenones: An Eco-Friendly Embedment of Diverse 1-Indanones into o-Bis-Ynones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:933-943. [PMID: 36602529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, base-promoted, one-pot, metal-free, open-flask synthesis of diverse, functionally enriched benzo[b]fluoren-11-ones has been discovered, and wide applicability of this exceptionally simple protocol with green flavors has been scoped. This synthesis proceeds via an unanticipated, tandem, double-aldol condensation between in situ-generated 1-indanone dianions and o-bis-ynones to furnish benzo[b]fluoren-11-ones harboring as many as six variegated substituents on their tetracyclic framework. This methodology has also been amplified to access heterocyclic analogues 2- and 4-azabenzo[b]fluorenones of benzo[b]fluoren-11-ones and extended to mixed linear-angular annulated pentacyclic dibenzo[a,h]fluoren-13-one.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Goverdhan Mehta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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3
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Large B, Prim D. On the Shape and Synthesis of Extended Fluorenones: Recent Advances and Upcoming Challenges. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Large
- University of York Department of Chemistry YO10 5DD York United Kingdom
| | - Damien Prim
- ILV Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS 78035 Versailles France
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4
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Qiu S, Zhai S, Wang H, Chen X, Zhai H. One-pot synthesis of benzo[b]fluorenones via a cobalt-catalyzed MHP-directed [3+2] annulation/ring-opening/dehydration sequence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4206-4209. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00948e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cobalt-catalyzed MHP-directed [3+2] annulation of benzoyl hydrazines with oxabicyclic alkenes followed by a ring-opening/dehydration sequence is developed for the one-pot synthesis of benzo[b]fluorenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Shengxian Zhai
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering
- Anyang Institute of Technology
- Anyang 455000
- China
| | - Huifei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
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5
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Bhagat SD, Singh U, Mishra RK, Srivastava A. An Endogenous Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Activated Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Prodrug for Cancer Chemotherapy. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2073-2079. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath D. Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Usha Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Ram Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
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6
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Katakawa K, Kainuma M, Suzuki K, Tanaka S, Kumamoto T. Asymmetric total syntheses of teretifolione B and methylteretifolione B via Diels-Alder reaction of optically active pyranobenzyne and substituted furans. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Zhang J, Zhang H, Shi D, Jin H, Liu Y. Facile and Diverse Synthesis of Benzo[b]fluorenone Derivatives through a Copper/Selectfluor-Catalyzed Tandem Annulation of 1,6-Enynes. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology; Zhejiang University of Technology; 310014 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology; Zhejiang University of Technology; 310014 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Shi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology; Zhejiang University of Technology; 310014 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology; Zhejiang University of Technology; 310014 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Yunkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology; Zhejiang University of Technology; 310014 Hangzhou P. R. China
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8
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of diaziridinyl quinone isoxazole hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 117:85-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Aitha A, Yennam S, Behera M, Anireddy JS. Design and synthesis of diaziridinyl quinone thiadiazole hybrids via nitrile sulfide cycloaddition reaction as a key step. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Identification of Alp1U and Lom6 as epoxy hydrolases and implications for kinamycin and lomaiviticin biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7674. [PMID: 26134788 PMCID: PMC4506494 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The naturally occurring diazobenzofluorenes, kinamycins, fluostatins and lomaiviticins, possess highly oxygenated A-rings, via which the last forms a dimeric pharmacophore. However, neither the A-ring transformation nor the dimerization mechanisms have been explored thus far. Here we propose a unified biosynthetic logic for the three types of antibiotics and verify one key reaction via detailed genetic and enzymatic experiments. Alp1U and Lom6 from the kinamycin and lomaiviticin biosynthesis, respectively, are shown to catalyse epoxy hydrolysis on a substrate that is obtained by chemical deacetylation of a kinamycin-pathway-derived intermediate. Thus, our study provides the first evidence for the existence of an epoxy intermediate in lomaiviticin biosynthesis. Furthermore, our results suggest that the dimerization in the lomaiviticin biosynthesis proceeds after dehydration of a product generated by Lom6. Kinamycins, fluostatins and lomaiviticins are naturally occurring antibiotics that possess unique diazofluorene structures and exhibit potent anti-tumour activity. Here the authors identify the epoxy hydrolases in the biosynthetic pathways of kinamycins and lomaiviticins, suggesting the existence of epoxy-intermediates in their biosynthesis.
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11
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Li W, Wu XF. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Benzoxazinones from N-(o-Bromoaryl)amides Using Paraformaldehyde as the Carbonyl Source. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10410-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanfang Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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12
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Woo CM, Ranjan N, Arya DP, Herzon SB. Analysis of diazofluorene DNA binding and damaging activity: DNA cleavage by a synthetic monomeric diazofluorene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9325-8. [PMID: 25044348 PMCID: PMC4206835 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The lomaiviticins and kinamycins are complex DNA damaging natural products that contain a diazofluorene functional group. Herein, we elucidate the influence of skeleton structure, ring and chain isomerization, D-ring oxidation state, and naphthoquinone substitution on DNA binding and damaging activity. We show that the electrophilicity of the diazofluorene appears to be a significant determinant of DNA damaging activity. These studies identify the monomeric diazofluorene 11 as a potent DNA cleavage agent in tissue culture. The simpler structure of 11 relative to the natural products establishes it as a useful lead for translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8107 (USA)
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 (USA)
| | - Dev P. Arya
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 (USA)
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8107 (USA)
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13
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Woo CM, Ranjan N, Arya DP, Herzon SB. Analysis of Diazofluorene DNA Binding and Damaging Activity: DNA Cleavage by a Synthetic Monomeric Diazofluorene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Wu J, Yang X, He Z, Mao X, Hatton TA, Jamison TF. Continuous flow synthesis of ketones from carbon dioxide and organolithium or Grignard reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8416-20. [PMID: 24961600 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe an efficient continuous flow synthesis of ketones from CO2 and organolithium or Grignard reagents that exhibits significant advantages over conventional batch conditions in suppressing undesired symmetric ketone and tertiary alcohol byproducts. We observed an unprecedented solvent-dependence of the organolithium reactivity, the key factor in governing selectivity during the flow process. A facile, telescoped three-step-one-flow process for the preparation of ketones in a modular fashion through the in-line generation of organometallic reagents is also established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139 (USA)
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15
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Wu J, Yang X, He Z, Mao X, Hatton TA, Jamison TF. Continuous Flow Synthesis of Ketones from Carbon Dioxide and Organolithium or Grignard Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Colis LC, Woo CM, Hegan DC, Li Z, Glazer PM, Herzon SB. The cytotoxicity of (-)-lomaiviticin A arises from induction of double-strand breaks in DNA. Nat Chem 2014; 6:504-10. [PMID: 24848236 PMCID: PMC4090708 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The metabolite (-)-lomaiviticin A, which contains two diazotetrahydrobenzo[b]fluorene (diazofluorene) functional groups, inhibits the growth of cultured human cancer cells at nanomolar-picomolar concentrations; however, the mechanism responsible for the potent cytotoxicity of this natural product is not known. Here we report that (-)-lomaiviticin A nicks and cleaves plasmid DNA by a pathway that is independent of reactive oxygen species and iron, and that the potent cytotoxicity of (-)-lomaiviticin A arises from the induction of DNA double-strand breaks (dsbs). In a plasmid cleavage assay, the ratio of single-strand breaks (ssbs) to dsbs is 5.3 ± 0.6:1. Labelling studies suggest that this cleavage occurs via a radical pathway. The structurally related isolates (-)-lomaiviticin C and (-)-kinamycin C, which contain one diazofluorene, are demonstrated to be much less effective DNA cleavage agents, thereby providing an explanation for the enhanced cytotoxicity of (-)-lomaiviticin A compared to that of other members of this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureen C Colis
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Christina M Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Denise C Hegan
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Zhenwu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Peter M Glazer
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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17
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Abbott GL, Wu X, Zhao Z, Guo L, Birman VB, Hasinoff BB, Dmitrienko GI. Prekinamycin and an isosteric-isoelectronic analogue exhibit comparable cytotoxicity towards K562 human leukemia cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00197d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The diazo functionality of the kinamycins may not be an absolute requirement for bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn L. Abbott
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo, Canada
| | - Xing Wu
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Apotex Centre
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Zhufeng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St Louis, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St Louis, USA
| | | | - Brian B. Hasinoff
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Apotex Centre
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg, Canada
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18
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Ouzouni MD, Fokas D. Synthetic Studies of Kinamycin Antibiotics: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Highly Oxygenated D-Ring and Construction of the ABD-Ring System of Kinamycins. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Feldman KS, Selfridge BR. Synthesis studies on the lomaiviticin A aglycone core: development of a divergent, two-directional strategy. J Org Chem 2013; 78:4499-511. [PMID: 23581811 DOI: 10.1021/jo4005074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The enantiomer of the bicyclic lomaiviticin aglycone A core was prepared via a two-directional, divergent approach featuring (1) a double Ireland Claisen rearrangement to establish key core bonds with correct relative stereochemistry and (2) a double olefin metathesis reaction to deliver both cyclohexene rings of the target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken S Feldman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
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20
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Feldman KS, Selfridge BR. Enantioselective Synthesis of the ent-Lomaiviticin A Bicyclic Core. Org Lett 2012; 14:5484-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302567f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken S. Feldman
- Chemistry Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Brandon R. Selfridge
- Chemistry Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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21
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Woo CM, Gholap SL, Lu L, Kaneko M, Li Z, Ravikumar PC, Herzon SB. Development of enantioselective synthetic routes to (-)-kinamycin F and (-)-lomaiviticin aglycon. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:17262-73. [PMID: 23030272 PMCID: PMC3505684 DOI: 10.1021/ja307497h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of enantioselective synthetic routes to (-)-kinamycin F (9) and (-)-lomaiviticin aglycon (6) are described. The diazotetrahydrobenzo[b]fluorene (diazofluorene) functional group of the targets was prepared by fluoride-mediated coupling of a β-trimethylsilylmethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketone (38) with an oxidized naphthoquinone (19), palladium-catalyzed cyclization (39→37), and diazo transfer (37→53). The D-ring precursors 60 and 68 were prepared from m-cresol and 3-ethylphenol, respectively. Coupling of the β-trimethylsilylmethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketone 60 with the juglone derivative 61, cyclization, and diazo transfer provided the advanced diazofluorene 63, which was elaborated to (-)-kinamycin F (9) in three steps. The diazofluorene 87 was converted to the C(2)-symmetric lomaiviticin aglycon precursor 91 by enoxysilane formation and oxidative dimerization with manganese tris(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) (94, 26%). The stereochemical outcome in the coupling is attributed to the steric bias engendered by the mesityl acetal of 87 and contact ion pairing of the intermediates. The coupling product 91 was deprotected (tert-butylhydrogen peroxide, trifluoroacetic acid-dichloromethane) to form mixtures of the chain isomer of lomaiviticin aglycon 98 and the ring isomer 6. These mixtures converged on purification or standing to the ring isomer 6 (39-41% overall). The scope of the fluoride-mediated coupling process is delineated (nine products, average yield = 72%); a related enoxysilane quinonylation reaction is also described (10 products, average yield = 77%). We establish that dimeric diazofluorenes undergo hydrodediazotization 2-fold faster than related monomeric diazofluorenes. This enhanced reactivity may underlie the cytotoxic effects of (-)-lomaiviticin A (1). The simple diazofluorene 103 is a potent inhibitor of ovarian cancer stem cells (IC(50) = 500 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | | | - Liang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Miho Kaneko
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Zhenwu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - P. C. Ravikumar
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
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Woo CM, Beizer NE, Janso JE, Herzon SB. Isolation of Lomaiviticins C–E, Transformation of Lomaiviticin C to Lomaiviticin A, Complete Structure Elucidation of Lomaiviticin A, and Structure–Activity Analyses. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15285-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3074984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United
States
| | - Nina E. Beizer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United
States
| | - Jeffrey E. Janso
- Natural Products
− Worldwide
Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United
States
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Asahara H, Matsui S, Masuda Y, Ikuma N, Oshima T. Versatile Domino Rearrangement of Diphenylhomobenzoquinone Epoxides Induced by CF3SO3H. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Herzon SB, Woo CM. The diazofluorene antitumor antibiotics: Structural elucidation, biosynthetic, synthetic, and chemical biological studies. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:87-118. [DOI: 10.1039/c1np00052g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mulcahy SP, Woo CM, Ding W, Ellestad GA, Herzon SB. Characterization of a reductively-activated elimination pathway relevant to the biological chemistry of the kinamycins and lomaiviticins. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc00854h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Scully SS, Porco JA. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Epoxykinamycin FL-120 B′. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201104504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Scully SS, Porco JA. Asymmetric total synthesis of the epoxykinamycin FL-120 B'. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9722-6. [PMID: 21953671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201104504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Scully
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Dixit VA, Bharatam PV. Toxic Metabolite Formation from Troglitazone (TGZ): New Insights from a DFT Study. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1113-22. [DOI: 10.1021/tx200110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav A. Dixit
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab-160062, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab-160062, India
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Kimura S, Kobayashi S, Kumamoto T, Akagi A, Sato N, Ishikawa T. Syntheses of Prekinamycin and a Tetracyclic Quinone from Common Synthetic Intermediates. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Herzon SB, Lu L, Woo CM, Gholap SL. 11-Step enantioselective synthesis of (-)-lomaiviticin aglycon. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:7260-3. [PMID: 21280607 DOI: 10.1021/ja200034b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lomaiviticins A and B are complex antitumor antibiotics that were isolated from a strain of Micromonospora. A confluence of several unusual structural features renders the lomaiviticins exceedingly challenging targets for chemical synthesis. We report an 11-step, enantioselective synthetic route to lomaiviticin aglycon. Our route proceeds by late-stage, stereoselective dimerization of two equivalent monomeric intermediates, a transformation that may share parallels with the natural products' biosyntheses. The route we describe is scalable and convergent, and it lays the foundation for determination of the mode of action of these natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
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Abstract
Bioactive natural products often possess uniquely functionalized structures with unusual modes of action; however, the natural product itself is not always the active species. We discuss molecules that draw on protecting group chemistry or else require activation to unmask reactive centers, illustrating that nature is not only a source of complex structures but also a guide for elegant chemical transformations which provides ingenious chemical solutions for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Woo CM, Lu L, Gholap SL, Smith DR, Herzon SB. Development of a Convergent Entry to the Diazofluorene Antitumor Antibiotics: Enantioselective Synthesis of Kinamycin F. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:2540-1. [DOI: 10.1021/ja910769j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - Devin R. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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