1
|
Wang P, Yang Y, Wen H, Li D, Zhang H, Wang Y. Progress in construction and release of natural polysaccharide-platinum nanomedicines: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126143. [PMID: 37544564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are natural biomaterials that have become candidate materials for nano-drug delivery systems due to their excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. Platinum (Pt) drugs have been widely used in the clinical therapy for various solid tumors. However, their extensive systemic toxicity and the drug resistance acquired by cancer cells limit the applications of platinum drugs. Modern nanobiotechnology provides the possibility for targeted delivery of platinum drugs to the tumor site, thereby minimizing toxicity and optimizing the efficacies of the drugs. In recent years, numerous natural polysaccharide-platinum nanomedicine delivery carriers have been developed, such as nanomicelles, nanospheres, nanogels, etc. Herein, we provide an overview on the construction and drug release of natural polysaccharide-Pt nanomedicines in recent years. Current challenges and future prospectives in this field are also put forward. In general, combining with irradiation and tumor microenvironment provides a significant research direction for the construction of natural polysaccharide-platinum nanomedicines and the release of responsive drugs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengge Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 211816, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Breeding Pollution Control and Resource, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
| | - Haoyu Wen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amarsy I, Papot S, Gasser G. Stimuli‐Responsive Metal Complexes for Biomedical Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205900. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna Amarsy
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University, CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology 75005 Paris France
| | - Sébastien Papot
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP) Université de Poitiers, CNRS Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University, CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology 75005 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amarsy I, Papot S, Gasser G. Stimuli‐Responsive Metal Complexes for Biomedical Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna Amarsy
- Chimie ParisTech - PSL: Ecole nationale superieure de chimie de Paris PSL University FRANCE
| | - Sébastien Papot
- Université de Poitiers: Universite de Poitiers Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP) FRANCE
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Universite PSL Chimie ParisTech 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris FRANCE
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zafon E, Echevarría I, Barrabés S, Manzano BR, Jalón FA, Rodríguez AM, Massaguer A, Espino G. Photodynamic therapy with mitochondria-targeted biscyclometallated Ir(III) complexes. Multi-action mechanism and strong influence of the cyclometallating ligand. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:111-128. [PMID: 34873601 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an alternative to classical chemotherapy due to its potential to reduce side effects by a controlled activation of a photosensitizer through local irradiation with light. The photosensitizer then interacts with oxygen and generates reactive oxygen species. Iridium biscyclometallated complexes are very promising photosensitizers due to their exceptional photophysical properties and their ability to target mitochondria. Four Ir(III) biscyclometallated complexes of formula [Ir(C^N)2(N^N')]Cl, where N^N' is a ligand containing a benzimidazolyl fragment, have been synthesized and characterized. The C^N ligands were 2-phenylpyridinate (ppy) and 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridinate (dfppy). The complexes exhibited high photostability. The electrochemical and photophysical properties were modulated by both the cyclometallating and the ancillary ligands. The dfppy derivatives yielded the highest emission energy values, quantum yields of phosphorescence and excited state lifetimes. All complexes generated 1O2 in aerated solutions upon irradiation. Biological studies revealed that these complexes have a moderate cytotoxicity in the dark against different human cancer cell lines: prostate (PC-3), colon (CACO-2) and melanoma (SK-MEL-28), and against non-malignant fibroblasts (CCD-18Co). However, derivatives with ppy ligands ([1a]Cl, [2a]Cl) yielded a relevant photodynamic activity upon light irradiation (450 nm, 24.1 J cm-2), with phototoxicity indexes (EC50,dark/EC50,light) of 20.8 and 17.3, respectively, achieved in PC-3 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that these complexes are taken up by the cells through endocytosis and preferentially accumulate in mitochondria. Upon photoactivation, the complexes induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and DNA damage, thus triggering cell death, mainly by apoptosis. Complex [1a]Cl is also able to oxidize NADH. This mitochondria-targeted photodynamic mechanism greatly inhibited the reproductive capacity of cancer cells and provides a valuable alternative to traditional chemotherapy for the controlled treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisenda Zafon
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Maria Aurelia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Igor Echevarría
- Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Maria Aurelia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Blanca R Manzano
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Avda. Camilo J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Félix A Jalón
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Avda. Camilo J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales de Ciudad Real, Avda. Camilo J. Cela, 2, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Anna Massaguer
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Maria Aurelia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
K.M. PK, B.C. VK, M.N. SK, P. RK, S. D, R.J. B, H.D. R. Synthesis, structural characterization, CT-DNA interaction study and antithrombotic activity of new ortho-vanillin-based chiral (Se,N,O) donor ligands and their Pd complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
6
|
Scoditti S, Mazzone G, Sicilia E. Computational Analysis of Photophysical Properties and Reactivity of a New Phototherapeutic Cyclometalated Au(III)-Hydride Complex. Chemistry 2021; 27:15528-15535. [PMID: 34546592 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gold(III) complexes have recently emerged as new versatile and efficacious metal containing anticancer agents. In an attempt to reconcile the specific affinity of such complexes for target sulfur containing biomolecules with their capability to strongly bind thiol-containing compounds widely distributed in non-tumoral cells, a new series of cyclometalated Au(III)-hydride complexes has been proposed as photoactivatable anticancer prodrugs. Here, the computational exploration of the photophysical properties and reactivity in dark and under light irradiation of the first member of the series, named 1 a, is reported. Complex 1 a low hydricity in dark together with facile hydride substitution leading to H2 elimination under excitation by visible light have been examined by means of DFT and TD-DFT computations. Both singlet and triplet excited states have been characterized, allowing the identification of the active species involved in photoactivation pathways leading to the controlled detachment of the hydride ligand. Also the viable two-photon activation at the ideal phototherapeutic window has been investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Scoditti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Gloria Mazzone
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
van der Westhuizen D, Bezuidenhout DI, Munro OQ. Cancer molecular biology and strategies for the design of cytotoxic gold(I) and gold(III) complexes: a tutorial review. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17413-17437. [PMID: 34693422 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02783b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review highlights key principles underpinning the design of selected metallodrugs to target specific biological macromolecules (DNA and proteins). The review commences with a descriptive overview of the eukaryotic cell cycle and the molecular biology of cancer, particularly apoptosis, which is provided as a necessary foundation for the discovery, design, and targeting of metal-based anticancer agents. Drugs which target DNA have been highlighted and clinically approved metallodrugs discussed. A brief history of the development of mainly gold-based metallodrugs is presented prior to addressing ligand systems for stabilizing and adding functionality to bio-active gold(I) and gold(III) complexes, particularly in the burgeoning field of anticancer metallodrugs. Concepts such as multi-modal and selective cytotoxic agents are covered where necessary for selected compounds. The emerging role of carbenes as the ligand system of choice to achieve these goals for gold-based metallodrug candidates is highlighted prior to closing the review with comments on some future directions that this research field might follow. The latter section ultimately emphasizes the importance of understanding the fate of metal complexes in cells to garner key mechanistic insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle van der Westhuizen
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
| | - Daniela I Bezuidenhout
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Orde Q Munro
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Wang Y, Song S, Zhang H. Cancer therapeutic strategies based on metal ions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12234-12247. [PMID: 34603654 PMCID: PMC8480331 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03516a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a necessary substance to maintain the body's normal life activities, metal ions are ubiquitous in organisms and play a major role in various complex physiological and biochemical processes, such as material transportation, energy conversion, information transmission, metabolic regulation, etc. Their abnormal distribution/accumulation in cells can interfere with these processes, causing irreversible physical damage to cells or activating biochemical reactions to induce cell death. Therefore, metal ions can be exploited against a wide spectrum of cancers with high efficiency and without drug resistance, which can effectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells by triggering biocatalysis, breaking the osmotic balance, affecting metabolism, interfering with signal transduction, damaging DNA, etc. This perspective systematically summarizes the latest research progress of metal ion-based anti-tumor therapy, and emphasizes the challenges and development directions of this type of therapeutic strategy, hoping to provide a general implication for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singh VK, Pillai V, Patel SK, Buch L. Improving Cytotoxicity by Changing a Linker from Diphenylether to Diphenylmethane and now to Phenylene in Binuclear Dithiocarbamate Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Study. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay K Singh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
| | - Vineeta Pillai
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
| | - Shailykumari K. Patel
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
| | - Lipi Buch
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Labeling IL-18 with alkaloids: toward the use of cytokines as carrier molecules in chemotherapy. Theor Chem Acc 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2483-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
11
|
Scattolin T, Giust S, Bergamini P, Caligiuri I, Canovese L, Demitri N, Gambari R, Lampronti I, Rizzolio F, Visentin F. Palladacyclopentadienyl complexes bearing purine‐based N‐heterocyclic carbenes: A new class of promising antiproliferative agents against human ovarian cancer. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Sonia Giust
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Paola Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 74 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational ResearchNational Cancer Institute and Center for Molecular Biomedicine – CRO Aviano Italy
| | - Luciano Canovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra – Sincrotrone Trieste SS 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 74 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Ilaria Lampronti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 74 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational ResearchNational Cancer Institute and Center for Molecular Biomedicine – CRO Aviano Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Askes SHC, Bonnet S. Solving the oxygen sensitivity of sensitized photon upconversion in life science applications. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
13
|
Brissos RF, Korrodi-Gregório L, Pérez-Tomás R, Roubeau O, Gamez P. Antiproliferative properties of iron supramolecular cylinders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.28954/2018.csq.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The use of metallohelicates as potential antiproliferative agents is mostly exemplified by one sole family of supramolecular compounds that is based on bis-iminopyridine ligands. In the present investigation, two other types of metallocylinders have been selected and their potential DNA-binding and cytotoxic properties have been investigated. Hence, two new neutral iron(III) metallosupramolecular compounds have been prepared from bis-β-diketone ligands, and a known cationic iron(II) helicate from bis-pyrazole ligands has been used for comparison purposes. DNA-interaction experiments and cell studies reveal remarkable biological properties for one of the neutral iron cylinders and the positively charged, pyrazole-based helicate, as illustrated by their antiproliferative behaviours, which are far better than those of two well-known compounds, i.e. the most studied metallohelicate in the field and cisplatin.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The success of platinum-based anticancer agents has motivated the exploration of novel metal-based drugs for several decades, whereas problems such as drug-resistance and systemic toxicity hampered their clinical applications and efficacy. Stimuli-responsiveness of some metal complexes offers a good opportunity for designing site-specific prodrugs to maximize the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the side effect of metallodrugs. This review presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the therapeutic stimuli-responsive metallodrugs that have appeared in the past two decades, where stimuli such as redox, pH, enzyme, light, temperature, and so forth were involved. The compounds are classified into three major categories based on the nature of stimuli, that is, endo-stimuli-responsive metallodrugs, exo-stimuli-responsive metallodrugs, and dual-stimuli-responsive metallodrugs. Representative examples of each type are discussed in terms of structure, response mechanism, and potential medical applications. In the end, future opportunities and challenges in this field are tentatively proposed. With diverse metal complexes being introduced, the foci of this review are pointed to platinum and ruthenium complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Suxing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Nafees Muhammad
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dada O, Sánchez-Sanz G, Tacke M, Zhu X. Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel NHC-gold(I)-sugar complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
16
|
Pettenuzzo A, Montagner D, McArdle P, Ronconi L. An innovative and efficient route to the synthesis of metal-based glycoconjugates: proof-of-concept and potential applications. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10721-10736. [PMID: 29942974 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01583j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
With a view to developing more efficient strategies to the functionalization of metallodrugs with carbohydrates, we here report on an innovative and efficient synthetic route to generate gold(iii) glycoconjugates in high yields and purity. The method is based on the initial synthesis of the zinc(ii)-dithiocarbamato intermediate [ZnII(SSC-Inp-GlcN)2] (Inp = isonipecotic moiety; GlcN = amino-glucose) followed by the transfer of the glucoseisonipecoticdithiocarbamato ligand to the gold(iii) center via transmetallation reaction between the zinc(ii) intermediate and K[AuIIIBr4] in 1 : 2 stoichiometric ratio, yielding the corresponding glucose-functionalized gold(iii)-dithiocarbamato derivative [AuIIIBr2(SSC-Inp-GlcN)]. No protection/deprotection of the amino-glucose scaffold and no chromatographic purification were needed. The synthetic protocol was optimized for glucose precursors bearing the amino function at either the C2 or the C6 position, and works in the case of both α and β anomers. The application of the synthetic strategy was also successfully extended to other metal ions of biomedical interest, such as gold(i) and platinum(ii), to obtain [AuI(SSC-Inp-GlcN)(PPh3)] and [PtII(SSC-Inp-GlcN)2], respectively. All compounds were fully characterized by elemental analysis, mid- and far-IR, mono- and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy, and, where possible, X-ray crystallography. Results and potential applications are here discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pettenuzzo
- National University of Ireland Galway, School of Chemistry, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Co., Galway, Ireland.
| | - Diego Montagner
- Maynooth University, Department of Chemistry, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Patrick McArdle
- National University of Ireland Galway, School of Chemistry, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Co., Galway, Ireland.
| | - Luca Ronconi
- National University of Ireland Galway, School of Chemistry, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Co., Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hande M, Maity S, Lönnberg T. Palladacyclic Conjugate Group Promotes Hybridization of Short Oligonucleotides. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061588. [PMID: 29843368 PMCID: PMC6032164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Short oligonucleotides with cyclopalladated benzylamine moieties at their 5'-termini have been prepared to test the possibility of conferring palladacyclic anticancer agents sequence-selectivity by conjugation with a guiding oligonucleotide. Hybridization of these oligonucleotides with natural counterparts was studied by UV and CD (circular dichroism) melting experiments in the absence and presence of a competing ligand (2-mercaptoethanol). Cyclopalladated benzylamine proved to be strongly stabilizing relative to unmetalated benzylamine and modestly stabilizing relative to an extra A•T base pair. The stabilization was largely abolished in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol, suggesting direct coordination of Pd(II) to a nucleobase of the complementary strand. In all cases, fidelity of Watson-Crick base pairing between the two strands was retained. Hybridization of the cyclopalladated oligonucleotides was characterized by relatively large negative enthalpy and entropy, consistent with stabilizing Pd(II) coordination partially offset by the entropic penalty of imposing conformational constraints on the flexible diethylene glycol linker between the oligonucleotide and the palladacyclic moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Hande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Sajal Maity
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Tuomas Lönnberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen X, Yang Q, Xiao L, Tang D, Dou QP, Liu J. Metal-based proteasomal deubiquitinase inhibitors as potential anticancer agents. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 36:655-668. [PMID: 29039082 PMCID: PMC5721122 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) play an important role in protein quality control in eukaryotic cells due to their ability to specifically remove ubiquitin from substrate proteins. Therefore, recent findings have focused on the relevance of DUBs to cancer development, and pharmacological intervention on these enzymes has become a promising strategy for cancer therapy. In particular, several DUBs are physically and/or functionally associated with the proteasome and are attractive targets for the development of novel anticancer drugs. The successful clinical application of cisplatin in cancer treatment has prompted researchers to develop various metal-based anticancer agents with new properties. Recently, we have reported that several metal-based drugs, such as the antirheumatic gold agent auranofin (AF), the antifouling paint biocides copper pyrithione (CuPT) and zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), and also our two synthesized complexes platinum pyrithione (PtPT) and nickel pyrithione (NiPT), can target the proteasomal DUBs UCHL5 and USP14. In this review, we summarize the recently reported small molecule inhibitors of proteasomal DUBs, with a focus on discussion of the unique nature of metal-based proteasomal DUB inhibitors and their anticancer activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, USA.,Department of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201-2013, USA
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Haribabu J, Tamizh MM, Balachandran C, Arun Y, Bhuvanesh NSP, Endo A, Karvembu R. Synthesis, structures and mechanistic pathways of anticancer activity of palladium(ii) complexes with indole-3-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazones. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03743k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Palladium(ii) complexes featuring bidentate heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones have been synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their biomolecular interactions. The complexes induced in vitro anticancer activity through apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli – 620015
- India
| | - Manoharan Muthu Tamizh
- Department of Chemistry
- Siddha Central Research Institute
- Central Council for Research in Siddha
- Chennai – 600106
- India
| | - Chandrasekar Balachandran
- Division of Natural Drug Discovery
- Institute of Natural Medicine
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-0194
- Japan
| | - Yuvaraj Arun
- Organic Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai – 600020
- India
| | | | - Akira Endo
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences
- Sophia University
- Tokyo 102-8554
- Japan
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli – 620015
- India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pradeep I, Balajothi B, Senthilkumar R, Arunachalam S, Dhinesh Kumar T, James RA. Bioinspired Polymer Metal Complex Conjugates: [Co(NN)2Cl]2+ and [Cu(NN)2]2+ Moieties Graft in the Same Branched Polyethyleneimine (BPEI)—Synthesis, Biophysical and Biological Studies. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-016-0495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
21
|
Nanostructured materials functionalized with metal complexes: In search of alternatives for administering anticancer metallodrugs. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
22
|
Ambika S, Manojkumar Y, Senthilkumar R, Sathiyaraj M, Arunachalam S. Nucleic Acid Binding and Invitro Cytotoxicity Studies of Polymer Grafted Intercalating Copper(II) Complex. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-016-0356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
23
|
Garaikoetxea Arguinzoniz A, Gómez Blanco N, Ansorena Legarra P, Mareque-Rivas JC. Enhanced cancer cell killing of a Pt(IV) prodrug promoted by outer-sphere coordination with polyethyleneimines. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:7135-8. [PMID: 25812853 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00175g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The cisplatin prodrug c,c,t-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2(O2CCH2CH2CO2)2](2-) (1) forms outer-sphere coordination interactions with non-toxic low MW PEI, which results in enhanced cancer cell killing, also achieved using PEI-coated AuNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Garaikoetxea Arguinzoniz
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, 20009, San Sebastián, Euskadi, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hang Z, Cooper MA, Ziora ZM. Platinum-based anticancer drugs encapsulated liposome and polymeric micelle formulation in clinical trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7243/2052-9341-4-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
25
|
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel platinum complexes of imidazolyl-containing bisphosphonates as potential anticancer agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:1263-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
26
|
Gupta G, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Herrero N, Dyson PJ, Therrien B. Increasing the selectivity of biologically active tetranuclear arene ruthenium assemblies. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
27
|
Paul LE, Therrien B, Furrer J. Did the presence of a guest in the cavity of an arene ruthenium metallaprism modify its reactivity towards biomolecules? J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
28
|
Dubey A, Park DW, Kwon JE, Jeong YJ, Kim T, Kim I, Kang SC, Chi KW. Investigation of the biological and anti-cancer properties of ellagic acid-encapsulated nano-sized metalla-cages. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10 Spec Iss:227-40. [PMID: 26366074 PMCID: PMC4562765 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s88289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new large hexanuclear metalla-prisms 9-11 incorporating 1,3, 5-tris(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)benzene (tpeb) 4 and one of the dinuclear arene ruthenium clips [Ru2(p-iPrC6H4Me)2(OO∩OO)][CF3SO3]2 (OO∩OO =2,5-dioxydo-1,4-benzoquinonato [dobq] 1, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinonato (donq) 2, and 6,11-dihydroxy-5,12-naphthacenedionato [dotq] 3), which encapsulate the guest molecule ellagic acid (2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-chromeno[5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione, 5) were prepared. All complexes were isolated as triflate salts in good yields and were fully characterized by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The photophysical properties of these metalla-prisms were also investigated. Compounds 9 and 10 showed potent antioxidant activity, but 10 had the superior ORACPE value (1.30 ± 0.020). Ellagic acid (5) and compound 11 showed weaker activity than that of Trolox. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the metalla-prism compounds exhibit anticancer properties in vitro. Compound 10 inhibited the growth of all cancer cell lines at micromolar concentrations, with the highest cytotoxicity observed against A549 human lung cancer cells (IC50 =25.9 μM). However, these compounds had a lower anti-cancer activity than that of doxorubicin. In a tumoricidal assay, ellagic acid (5) and compound 10 induced cytotoxicity in tumor cells, while doxorubicin did not. While free ellagic acid had no effect on the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted protein, the encapsulated metalla-prism 10 stimulated granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and reduced regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted protein expression in the RAW264.7 macrophage line. Our results show that ellagic acid encapsulated in metalla-prisms inhibited cancer cells via the modulation of mRNA induction and protein expression levels of the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted protein in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Kwon
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhye Kim
- Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Das D, Mondal P. Quantum Chemical Studies on Detail Mechanism of Nitrosylation of NAMI-A-HSA Adduct. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10456-65. [PMID: 26151453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of NAMI-A in NAMI-A-HSA (HSA = human serum albumin) and nitrosylation of hydrolyzed NAMI-A-HSA adduct have been studied in detail using density functional theory method. It has been observed that the chloride exchange reaction with water in the NAMI-A-HSA adduct follows an interchange dissociative mechanism passing through an unstable heptacoordinated activated complex. The computed free energy of activation (ΔG) and rate constant (k) for the hydrolysis process in aqueous medium are observed to be 24.85 kcal mol(-1) and 3.81 × 10(-6) s(-1), respectively. Nitrosylation of hydrolyzed NAMI-A-HSA adduct with nitric oxide is found to be thermodynamically more favorable with the incorporation of solvent effect and provides a detailed understanding related to the antimetastatic activity of the NAMI-A drug. This investigation shows that nitric oxide coordinates linearly to NAMI-A-HSA adduct leading to the reduction of ruthenium(III) to more active ruthenium(II), with the reduction potential of -2.32 V. Negative relative solvation and relative binding free energies suggest that the hydrolysis and nitrosylation reactions are found to be thermodynamically favorable and faster. Our computed results provide a detailed thermodynamics and kinetics which may be highly beneficial for understanding antimetastatic activity as well as the nitric oxide scavenging ability of NAMI-A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharitri Das
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Paritosh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Heng MP, Sinniah SK, Teoh WY, Sim KS, Ng SW, Cheah YK, Tan KW. Synthesis of a DNA-targeting nickel (II) complex with testosterone thiosemicarbazone which exhibits selective cytotoxicity towards human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 150:360-372. [PMID: 26057090 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone thiosemicarbazone, L and its nickel (II) complex 1 were synthesized and characterized by using FTIR, CHN, (1)H NMR, and X-ray crystallography. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the formation of L from condensation of testosterone and thiosemicarbazide. Mononuclear complex 1 is coordinated to two Schiff base ligands via two imine nitrogens and two tautomeric thiol sulfurs. The cytotoxicity of both compounds was investigated via MTT assay with cisplatin as positive reference standard. L is more potent towards androgen-dependent LNCaP (prostate) and HCT 116 (colon). On the other hand, complex 1, which is in a distorted square planar environment with L acting as a bidentate NS-donor ligand, is capable of inhibiting the growth of all the cancer cell lines tested, including PC-3 (prostate). It is noteworthy that both compounds are less toxic towards human colon cell CCD-18Co. The intrinsic DNA binding constant (Kb) of both compounds were evaluated via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Both compounds showed Kb values which are comparable to the reported Kb value of typical classical intercalator such as ethidium bromide. The binding constant of the complex is almost double compared with ligand L. Both compounds were unable to inhibit the action topoisomerase I, which is the common target in cancer treatment (especially colon cancer). This suggest a topoisomerase I independent-cell death mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mok Piew Heng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Saravana Kumar Sinniah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wuen Yew Teoh
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kae Shin Sim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seik Weng Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kong Wai Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hernández-Gil J, Cobaleda-Siles M, Zabaleta A, Salassa L, Calvo J, Mareque-Rivas JC. An Iron Oxide Nanocarrier Loaded with a Pt(IV) Prodrug and Immunostimulatory dsRNA for Combining Complementary Cancer Killing Effects. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1034-42. [PMID: 25846677 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
There is major current interest in harnessing the immune system against cancer and in developing drugs that provide complementary cancer killing mechanisms. Although the recent advent of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems has improved the efficacy of platinum drugs for chemotherapy, one of the fundamental paradigms in their design and use is evading surveillance by the immune system to enhance anticancer efficacy. However, new studies are showing that chemotherapy can profit from actively targeting stimulation of the immune system and that suitably functionalized nanomaterials might be ideal for overcoming some key challenges in immunotherapy. Pt(IV) prodrug-modified PEGylated phospholipid micelles that encapsulate biocompatible iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as a new delivery system for cisplatin are reported. The Pt(IV)-IONPs are functionalized with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C))--a double stranded RNA (dsRNA) analog widely used as an adjuvant in clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy. The Pt(IV)-IONPs and poly (I:C)--Pt(IV)-IONPs enhance by more than an order of magnitude the prodrug cytotoxicity in different tumor cells, while greatly increasing the ability of cisplatin and poly (I:C) to activate dendritic cells--the key cellular players in immunotherapy. The results suggest that these constructs hold promise for targeted chemoimmunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Hernández-Gil
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo Miramón 182 20009 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Macarena Cobaleda-Siles
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo Miramón 182 20009 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Aintzane Zabaleta
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo Miramón 182 20009 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Luca Salassa
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo Miramón 182 20009 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Javier Calvo
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo Miramón 182 20009 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Juan C. Mareque-Rivas
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo Miramón 182 20009 San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE; Basque Foundation for Science; 48011 Bilbao Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cerón-Carrasco JP, Cerezo J, Requena A, Zuñiga J, Contreras-García J, Chavan S, Manrubia-Cobo M, Pérez-Sánchez H. Labelling Herceptin with a novel oxaliplatin derivative: a computational approach towards the selective drug delivery. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2401. [PMID: 25149438 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of platinum(II)-based drugs has serious side effects due to the non-specific reactions with both malignant and normal cells. To circumvent such major drawback, novel metallodrugs might be combined with suitable carrier molecules, as antibodies, to ensure selective attacks on tumours while sparing healthy tissues. In this contribution, we investigate the stability of a novel oxaliplatin derivate drug embedded in Herceptin (trastuzumab), an antibody which is able to recognise breast cancer cells, by using a wide panel of theoretical tools: docking, molecular dynamics and quantum calculations. Our calculations reveal the binding mechanism: the drug initially interacts non-covalently with the Pro40A and Asp167A residues, and the nitrogen of His171B subsequently replaces one of the water molecules coordinated to the platinum center, where the latter step reversibly fixes the drug into the antibody. These data might be used to further rationalise the synthesis of improved drugs beyond classical platinum(II) derivatives by improving the ligand-protein coupling mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José P Cerón-Carrasco
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vittorio O, Brandl M, Cirillo G, Spizzirri UG, Picci N, Kavallaris M, Iemma F, Hampel S. Novel functional cisplatin carrier based on carbon nanotubes–quercetin nanohybrid induces synergistic anticancer activity against neuroblastoma in vitro. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03331k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
34
|
Iqbal M, Ali S, Rehman ZU, Muhammad N, Sohail M, Pandarinathan V. Synthesis, crystal structure description, electrochemical, and DNA-binding studies of “paddlewheel” copper(II) carboxylate. J COORD CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2014.926337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Garcia L, Franzoni S, Mussi F, Aumont-Niçaise M, Bertrand H, Desmadril M, Pelosi G, Buschini A, Policar C. Apo-neocarzinostatin: A protein carrier for Cu(II) glycocomplexes and Cu(II) into U937 and HT29 cell lines. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 135:40-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
36
|
Kapdi AR, Fairlamb IJS. Anti-cancer palladium complexes: a focus on PdX2L2, palladacycles and related complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4751-77. [PMID: 24723061 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Much success has been achieved with platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents, i.e. through interactions with DNA. The long-term application of Pt complexes is thwarted by issues, leading scientists to examine other metals such as palladium which could exhibit complementary modes of action (given emphasis wherever known). Over the last 10 years several research groups have focused on the application of an eclectic array of palladium complexes (of the type PdX2L2, palladacycles and related structures) as potential anti-cancer agents. This review therefore provides readers with an up to date account of the advances that have taken place over the past several decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, 302, Advance Centre, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ceballos-Torres J, Virag P, Cenariu M, Prashar S, Fajardo M, Fischer-Fodor E, Gómez-Ruiz S. Anti-cancer applications of titanocene-functionalised nanostructured systems: an insight into cell death mechanisms. Chemistry 2014; 20:10811-28. [PMID: 24715574 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of alkenyl-substituted titanocene compounds have been supported on the mesoporous silica-based material KIT-6. The corresponding functionalised materials were completely characterised by different techniques (solid-state multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, X-ray fluorescence and diffraction, SEM and TEM) to observe the incorporation of the titanocene derivatives on the external surface of the material KIT-6. Both the titanocene compounds and the materials were tested in vitro against a wide variety of human cancer and normal cell lines. A very high cytotoxicity of the synthesised titanocene derivatives (IC50 values in the range of those described in the literature for the most active cytotoxic titanocene compounds), with selectivity towards cancer cell lines was observed. The cytotoxic activity of the materials is the highest reported to date for titanocene-functionalised materials. In addition, higher Ti uptake (from 4 to 23% of the initial amount of Ti) of the cells treated with materials was observed with respect to those treated with "free" titanocene derivatives (which gave Ti uptake values from 0.4 to 4.6% of the initial amount of Ti). Additional experiments with the titanocene derivatives and the functionalised materials revealed that changes to the morphological and functional dynamics of apoptosis occurred when the active titanocene species were incorporated into mesoporous materials. In addition, the materials could induce programmed cell death in tumour cell populations by impairing the damaged DNA repair mechanisms and by upregulation of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Ceballos-Torres
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, E.S.C.E.T. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid (Spain)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Dralle Mjos
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hummer AA, Rompel A. The use of X-ray absorption and synchrotron based micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate anti-cancer metal compounds in vivo and in vitro. Metallomics 2013; 5:597-614. [PMID: 23558305 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt20261e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and micro-synchrotron based X-ray fluorescence (micro-SXRF) are element specific spectroscopic techniques and have been proven to be valuable tools for the investigation of changes in the chemical environment of metal centres. XAS allows the determination of the oxidation state, the coordination motif of the probed element, the identity and the number of adjacent atoms and the absorber-ligand distances. It is further applicable to nearly all types of samples independent of their actual physical state (solid, liquid, gaseous) down to μM concentrations. Micro-SXRF can provide information on the distribution and concentration of multiple elements within a sample simultaneously, allowing for the chemical state of several elements within subcellular compartments to be probed. Modern third generation synchrotrons offer the possibility to investigate the majority of the biologically relevant elements. The biological mode of action of metal-based compounds often involves interactions with target and/or transport molecules. The presence of reducing agents may also give rise to changes in the coordination sphere and/or the oxidation state. XAS and micro-SXRF are ideal techniques for investigating these issues. This tutorial review introduces the use of XAS and micro-SXRF techniques into the field of inorganic medicinal chemistry. The results obtained for platinum, ruthenium, gallium, gold and cobalt compounds within the last few years are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred A Hummer
- Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Universität Wien, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cutillas N, Martínez A, Yellol GS, Rodríguez V, Zamora A, Pedreño M, Donaire A, Janiak C, Ruiz J. Anticancer C,N-cycloplatinated(II) complexes containing fluorinated phosphine ligands: synthesis, structural characterization, and biological activity. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13529-35. [PMID: 24229419 DOI: 10.1021/ic401973k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of potent C,N-cycloplatinated(II) phosphine antitumor complexes containing fluorous substituents in the cyclometalated or the ancillary phosphine ligands [Pt(C-N)(PR3)Cl] or both have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure of [Pt(dmba){P(C6H4CF3-p)3}Cl]·2CH2Cl2 (dmba = dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl) has been established by X-ray diffraction. Values of IC50 of the new platinum complexes were calculated toward a panel of human tumor cell lines representative of ovarian (A2780 and A2780cisR) and breast cancers (T47D). Complexes containing P(C6H4CF3-p)3 as ancillary ligand (with a bulky and electronegative CF3 substituent in para position) were the most cytotoxic compounds in all the tested cancer cell lines. In some cases, the IC50 values were 16-fold smaller than that of cisplatin and 11-fold smaller than the non-fluorous analogue [Pt(dmba)(PPh3)Cl]. On the other hand, very low resistance factors (RF) in A2780cisR (cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma) at 48 h were observed (RF ≈ 1) for most of the new compounds. Analysis of cell cycle was done for the three more active compounds in A2780. They arrest cell growth in G0/G1 phase in contrast to cisplatin (S phase) with a high incidence of late-stage apoptosis. They are also good cathepsin B inhibitors (an enzyme implicated in a number of cancer related events).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cutillas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Maldonado CR, Salassa L, Gomez-Blanco N, Mareque-Rivas JC. Nano-functionalization of metal complexes for molecular imaging and anticancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
43
|
Shi Y, Goodisman J, Dabrowiak JC. Cyclodextrin capped gold nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for a prodrug of cisplatin. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9418-26. [PMID: 23889547 DOI: 10.1021/ic400989v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we explore the use of a quick coupling mechanism for "arming" a cyclodextrin coated gold nanoparticle (AuNP) delivery vehicle, 2, with an adamantane-oxoplatin conjugate that is a prodrug of cisplatin, 3, to produce a cytotoxic nanodrug, 4. The two-part arming system, which utilizes the well-known guest-host interaction between β-cyclodextrin and adamantane, may be useful for rapidly constituting polyfunctional nanodrugs prior to their application in chemotherapy. The 4.7 ± 1.1 nm delivery vehicle, 2, coated with per-6-thio-β-cyclodextrin (βSCD), was characterized using transmission electron microscopy and absorption spectroscopy, and the density of surface-attached βSCD molecules, ∼210 βSCD/AuNP, was determined using thermogravimetric analysis. Because (13)C NMR spectra of βSCD used in the study exhibited disulfide linkages and the observed surface density on the AuNP exceeded that possible for a close-packed mono layer, a fraction of the surface-attached βSCD molecules on the particle were oligomerized through disulfide linkages. Determination of the binding constant, K, for the 3-βCD interaction using (1)H NMR chemical shifts was complicated by the self-association of 3 to form a dimer through its conjugated adamantane residue. With a dimerization constant of K2 = 26.7 M(-1), the value of K for the 3-βCD interaction (1:1 stoichiometry) is 400-800 M(-1), which is lower than the value, K = 1.4 × 10(3) M(-1), measured for the 2-3 interaction using ICP-MS. Optical microscopy showed that when neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells are treated with the nanodrug, 4 (2+3), clusters of gold nanoparticles are observed in the nuclear regions of living cells within 24 h after exposure, but, at later times when most cells are dying or dead, clustering is no longer observed. Treating the cells with 4 for 72 h gave percent inhibitions that are lower than that of cisplatin, suggesting that the Pt(IV) ions in 4 may be incompletely reduced to cytotoxic Pt(II) species in the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zamora A, Rodríguez V, Cutillas N, Yellol GS, Espinosa A, Samper KG, Capdevila M, Palacios O, Ruiz J. New steroidal 7-azaindole platinum(II) antitumor complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 128:48-56. [PMID: 23932925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new steroidal 7-azaindole-based N-donor ligands 17-α-[7-azaindole-5-ethynyl]-17-β-testosterone (ET-Haza) (1) and 17-α-[7-azaindole-5-ethynyl]-19-nortestosterone (LEV-Haza) (2), and two new DNA damaging warheads with an enhanced lipophilicity [Pt(dmba)Cl(L)] (dmba=N,N-dimethylbenzylamine-κN,κC; L=ET-Haza (3) and LEV-Haza (4)) have been prepared and characterized. Values of IC50 were calculated for complexes 3 and 4 against a panel of human tumor cell lines representative of ovarian (A2780 and A2780cis) and breast cancers (T47D). At 48 h of incubation time 3 and 4 showed very low resistance factors (RF of 1) against an A2780 cell line which has acquired resistance to cisplatin, IC50 values of the new complexes towards normal human LLC-PK1 renal cells at 48 h being about double than that of cisplatin. 3 and 4 are able to react with 9-ethylguanine (9-EtG) yielding the corresponding monoadduct [Pt(dmba)(L)(9-EtG)](+) derivatives as followed by ESI-MS. Compound 3 interacts mainly with double-stranded (DS) oligonucleotides as shown by analysis with ESI-TOF-MS, being also able to displace ethidium bromide (EB) from DNA, as observed by an electrophoretic mobility study. 3 and 4 are good cathepsin B inhibitors. Theoretical calculations at the COSMO(CHCl3)/B3LYP-D/def2-TZVPPecp//B3LYP-D/def2-TZVPecp level and energy evaluations at the COSMO(CHCl3)/PWPB95-D3/def2-TZVPPecp level of theory on compound 4 and model systems have been done.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zamora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Spain, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Štarha P, Popa I, Trávníček Z, Vančo J. N6-benzyladenosine derivatives as novel N-donor ligands of platinum(II) dichlorido complexes. Molecules 2013; 18:6990-7003. [PMID: 23771060 PMCID: PMC6270444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The platinum(II) complexes trans-[PtCl₂(Ln)₂]∙xSolv 1-13 (Solv = H₂O or CH3OH), involving N6-benzyladenosine-based N-donor ligands, were synthesized; L(n) stands for N6-(2-methoxybenzyl)adenosine (L₁, involved in complex 1), N6-(4-methoxy-benzyl)adenosine (L₂, 2), N6-(2-chlorobenzyl)adenosine (L₃, 3), N6-(4-chlorobenzyl)-adenosine (L₄, 4), N6-(2-hydroxybenzyl)adenosine (L₅, 5), N6-(3-hydroxybenzyl)-adenosine (L₆, 6), N6-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)adenosine (L₇, 7), N6-(4-fluoro-benzyl)adenosine (L₈, 8), N6-(4-methylbenzyl)adenosine (L₉, 9), 2-chloro-N6-(3-hydroxy-benzyl)adenosine (L₁₀, 10), 2-chloro-N6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)adenosine (L₁₁, 11), 2-chloro-N6-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)adenosine (L₁₂, 12) and 2-chloro-N6-(2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)adenosine (L₁₃, 13). The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR and multinuclear (¹H-, ¹³C-, ¹⁹⁵Pt- and ¹⁵N-) and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, which proved the N7-coordination mode of the appropriate N6-benzyladenosine derivative and trans-geometry of the title complexes. The complexes 1-13 were found to be non-toxic in vitro against two selected human cancer cell lines (HOS and MCF7; with IC₅₀ > 50.0 µM). However, they were found (by ESI-MS study) to be able to interact with the physiological levels of the sulfur-containing biogenic biomolecule L-methionine by a relatively simple 1:1 exchange mechanism (one L(n) molecule was replaced by one L-methionine molecule), thus forming a mixed-nitrogen/sulfur-ligand dichlorido-platinum(II) coordination species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +420-585-634-352; Fax: +420-585-634-954
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Petersen MA, Hillmyer MA, Kokkoli E. Bioresorbable polymersomes for targeted delivery of cisplatin. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:533-43. [PMID: 23521104 DOI: 10.1021/bc3003259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nontoxic bioresorbable polymersomes have been developed that efficiently and site-selectively tether targeting peptides under mild conditions with no toxic catalysts. The binding and release properties of these polymersomes have been evaluated when targeting DLD-1 human colon cancer cells overexpressing the α(5)β(1) integrin. The delivery efficacy to these cells is markedly improved over commonly used RGD targeting peptides by use of an α(5)β(1)-specific targeting peptide, PR_b. Release profiles in buffered solution from pH 7.4 to 4.5 were evaluated and compared to release after binding to cells, and enzymatic degradation was identified as a major cause of rapid payload release in the cell. Intracellular trafficking and release were imaged via confocal microscopy in live cells and colocalization with organelles was evaluated quantitatively over time. Finally, the anticancer drug cisplatin was encapsulated in the PR_b functionalized polymersomes and the presence of PR_b greatly improved delivery efficacy, with increased cisplatin-induced losses to targeted DLD-1 colon cancer cell viability. When delivered to CACO-2 model human epithelial cells expressing low levels of α(5)β(1) integrin, low toxicity was maintained, suggesting that targeting was specific to α(5)β(1) overexpressing cells. These results demonstrate that PR_b-functionalized bioresorbable polymersomes may be an attractive route to minimizing the dose-limiting side effects associated with existing approaches to cisplatin chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Petersen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Furrer MA, Garci A, Denoyelle-Di-Muro E, Trouillas P, Giannini F, Furrer J, Clavel CM, Dyson PJ, Süss-Fink G, Therrien B. Synthesis, Characterisation and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Hexanuclear Thiolato-Bridged Arene Ruthenium Metalla-Prisms. Chemistry 2013; 19:3198-203. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
48
|
Kameta N, Lee SJ, Masuda M, Shimizu T. Biologically responsive, sustainable release from metallo-drug coordinated 1D nanostructures. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:276-283. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00101b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
49
|
|
50
|
Arjmand F, Muddassir M, Zaidi Y, Ray D. Design, synthesis and crystal structure determination of dinuclear copper-based potential chemotherapeutic drug entities; in vitro DNA binding, cleavage studies and an evaluation of genotoxicity by micronucleus test and comet assay. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20141k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|