1
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Park H, Hwang JH, Oh SH, Ryu JJ, Jeon K, Kang M, Chai HJ, Ham A, Kim GH, Kang K, Eom T. Direct Growth of Bi 2SeO 5 Thin Films for High-k Dielectrics via Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS NANO 2024; 18:22071-22079. [PMID: 39102305 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
This study describes a modified atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for fabricating BiOxSey thin films, targeting their application as high-k dielectrics in semiconductor devices, especially for two-dimensional semiconductors. Using an intermediate-enhanced ALD technique for Bi2Se3 and a plasma-enhanced ALD process for Bi2O3, a method for the sequential deposition of Bi2SeO5 ternary films has been established. The thin film has been deposited on SiO2 and TiN substrates, exhibiting growth rates of 0.17 to 0.16 nm·cycle-1 without an incubation period, thanks to facile nucleation characteristics. The resulting film exhibited high flatness and reached 96% of its theoretical density, forming a uniform nanocrystalline structure. Electrical evaluations using metal-insulator-metal capacitors indicated the dielectric constant (∼17.6) and electrical breakdown strength (2.6 MV·cm-1), demonstrating their potential as a dielectric layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonbin Park
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hun Hwang
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul, Seodaemun-gu 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Oh
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Joo Ryu
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul, Seodaemun-gu 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghyeok Jeon
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Chai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayoung Ham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Hwan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul, Seodaemun-gu 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of System Semiconductor Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibum Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyong Eom
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Semiconductor System Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Seoul, Gwangjin-gu 05006, Republic of Korea
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2
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Oberdorf K, Grenzer P, Pfister P, Hanft A, Rempel A, Lichtenberg C. Reactivity of a Cationic Bismuth Amide towards Unsymmetric Heterocumulenes. Chempluschem 2023:e202200455. [PMID: 36695289 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of a literature-known, ring-strained bismuth amide cation towards a range of unsymmetric heterocumulene substrates has been investigated. Reactions with ketenes R2 C=C=O (R=Me, Ph), isocyanates R'N=C=O, and isothiocyanates R'N=C=S (R'=Ph, 4-CF3 -C6 H4 ) proceed via facile insertion of the heterocumulene in the Bi-N bond of the cationic bismuth amide. Unexpectedly pronounced differences in the regioselectivity of these insertion reactions have been observed, yielding a rich variety of heterocycle motifs (BiC2 NC2 , BiC2 NCO, BiC2 NCS, BiC2 NCN), some of which are unprecedented. Parameters that control the regioselectivity of the insertion reactions have been identified and are discussed based on experimental and theoretical investigations. Analytical techniques applied in this work include heteronuclear and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Oberdorf
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Grenzer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pauline Pfister
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hanft
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rempel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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3
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Dantelle G, Beauquis S, Le Dantec R, Monnier V, Galez C, Mugnier Y. Solution-Based Synthesis Routes for the Preparation of Noncentrosymmetric 0-D Oxide Nanocrystals with Perovskite and Nonperovskite Structures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200992. [PMID: 35691941 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the miniaturization of electronic-based devices, the foreseen potential of new optical nanoprobes and the assessment of eventual size and shape effects, elaboration of multifunctional noncentrosymmetric nanocrystals with ferroelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric, and nonlinear optical properties are the subject of an increasing research interest. Here, the recent achievements from the solution-based methods (coprecipitation in homogeneous and nanostructured media, sol-gel processes including various chemistries and hydro/solvothermal techniques) to prepare 0-D perovskite and nonperovskite oxides in the 5-500 nm size range are critically reviewed. To cover a representative list of covalent- and ionic-type materials, BaTiO3 and its derivatives, niobate compounds (i.e., K/Na/LiNbO3 ), multiferroic BiFeO3, and crystals of lower symmetry including KTiOPO4 and some iodate compounds such as Fe(IO3 )3 and La(IO3 )3 are systematically in focus. The resulting size, morphology, and aggregation state are discussed in light of the proposed formation mechanisms. Because of a higher complexity related to their chemical composition and crystalline structures, improving the rational design of these multifunctional oxides in terms of finely-tuned compositions, crystalline hosts and structure-property relationships still need in the future a special attention of the research community to the detailed understanding of the reaction pathways and crystallization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Dantelle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | | | - Ronan Le Dantec
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SYMME, Annecy, F-74000, France
| | - Virginie Monnier
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully, 69130, France
| | - Christine Galez
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SYMME, Annecy, F-74000, France
| | - Yannick Mugnier
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SYMME, Annecy, F-74000, France
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4
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Kleja DB, Gustafsson JP, Kessler V, Persson I. Bismuth(III) Forms Exceptionally Strong Complexes with Natural Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:3076-3084. [PMID: 35129969 PMCID: PMC8892835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of bismuth in the society has steadily increased during the last decades, both as a substitute for lead in hunting ammunition and various metallurgical applications, as well as in a range of consumer products. At the same time, the environmental behavior of bismuth is largely unknown. Here, the binding of bismuth(III) to organic soil material was investigated using extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) and batch experiments. Moreover, the capacity of suwannee river fulvic acid (SRFA) to enhance the solubility of metallic bismuth was studied in a long-term (2 years) equilibration experiment. Bismuth(III) formed exceptionally strong complexes with the organic soil material, where >99% of the added bismuth(III) was bound by the solid phase, even at pH 1.2. EXAFS data suggest that bismuth(III) was bound to soil organic matter as a dimeric Bi3+ complex where one carboxylate bridges two Bi3+ ions, resulting in a unique structural stability. The strong binding to natural organic matter was verified for SRFA, dissolving 16.5 mmol Bi per gram carbon, which largely exceeds the carboxylic acid group density of this compound. Our study shows that bismuth(III) will most likely be associated with natural organic matter in soils, sediments, and waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan B. Kleja
- Department
of Soil and Environment, Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jon Petter Gustafsson
- Department
of Soil and Environment, Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vadim Kessler
- Department
of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Persson
- Department
of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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1,1′-2-Trisubstituted ferrocenyl dibismuthines containing N / O donor pendant arm. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Villamizar C. CP, Anzaldo B, Sharma P, Gutiérrez Pérez R, del Río-Portilla F, Toscano AR. Chiral Ferrocenyl-Bismuthines containing N/O donor pendant arm: Syntheses and molecular structures. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Preda AM, Schneider WB, Rainer M, Rüffer T, Schaarschmidt D, Lang H, Mehring M. Heteroaryl bismuthines: a novel synthetic concept and metalπ heteroarene interactions. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:8269-8278. [PMID: 28617492 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01437f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The alkoxide Bi[OCMe2(2-C4H3S)]3 (1) is formed by the reaction of three equiv. of the alcohol HOCMe2(2-C4H3S) with Bi(OtBu)3 and subsequent hydrolysis provides the bismuth oxido cluster [Bi4O2{OCMe2(2-C4H3S)}8] (2). In contrast, the reaction of Bi(OtBu)3 and Bi[N(SiMe3)2]3 with the silanols HOSiMe2(2-C4H3X) (X = O, S, Se, and NMe), HOSiMe2(2-C4H2S-5-SiMe3) and HOSiMe2(3-C4H3S) leads to the formation of tris(heteroaryl)bismuthines Bi(2-C4H2X-5-R)3 [where X = O, R = H (3); X = S, R = H (4); X = S, R = SiMe3 (5); X = NMe, R = H (6); X = Se, R = H (7)] and Bi(3-C4H3S)3 (8). For the silanols, bismuth-carbon bond formation is observed rather than silanol-alcoholate or silanol-amide exchange. The structures of compounds 1, 2, and 4-7a in the solid state were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction and all compounds except 5 show London dispersion type bismuthπ heteroarene interactions. For the bismuthine Bi(2-C4H3Se)3 (7), two polymorphs were isolated depending on the conditions of crystallization. At 8 °C, polymorph I (7a) crystallizes from an n-hexane solution in the triclinic space group P1[combining macron], whereas polymorph II (7b) crystallizes at 20 °C from a CH2Cl2/n-pentane solution in the monoclinic space group P21/c. The heteroaryl bismuthines 3 and 4 exhibit 2D network structures as a result of bismuthπ heteroarene interactions, whereas for the pyrrole derivative 6 the dispersion type interactions provide separated dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Preda
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Professur Koordinationschemie, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
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8
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Andleeb S, Donaldson SL, Schipper DE, Loera Fernandez II, ud Din I, Whitmire KH. Anionic Bismuth Oxido Clusters with Pendant Silver Cations: Synthesis and Structures of {[Bi
4
(µ
3
‐O)
2
(TFA)
9
Ag(tol)
2
]
2
} and {Bi
4
(µ
3
‐O)
2
(TFA)
10
(AgPPh
3
)
2
}
n. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaila Andleeb
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐e‐Azam University 45320 Islamabad Pakistan
| | | | - Desmond E. Schipper
- Department of Chemistry, MS 60 Rice University 6100 Main St. 77005 Houston TX USA
| | | | - Imtiaz ud Din
- Department of Chemistry, MS 60 Rice University 6100 Main St. 77005 Houston TX USA
| | - Kenton H. Whitmire
- Department of Chemistry, MS 60 Rice University 6100 Main St. 77005 Houston TX USA
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9
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Loera Fernandez II, Donaldson SL, Schipper DE, Andleeb S, Whitmire KH. Anionic Bismuth-Oxido Carboxylate Clusters with Transition Metal Countercations. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11560-11569. [PMID: 27740751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Six new anionic bismuth-oxido clusters containing trifluoroacetate ligands were prepared. These include two new Bi6O8 clusters: [M(NCMe)2(H2O)4]3[Bi6(μ3-O)4(μ3-OH)4(CF3CO2)12] with an octahedral Bi6O4(OH)4 core (M = Ni, 1a; Co, 1b) and four Bi4O2 clusters, {[Co(NCMe)6][Bi4(μ3-O)2(CF3CO2)10]}n (2a), {[Co{HC(MeCO)2(MeCNH)}2][Bi4(μ3-O)2(CF3CO2)10]·2[CF3CO2]·2[CF3CO2H]·2[H2O]}n (2b), {[Cu(NCMe)4]2[Bi4(μ3-O)2(CF3CO2)10]·2[CF3CO2H]}n (2c), and {[Me4N]2[Bi4(μ3-O)2(CF3CO2)10]·2[CF3CO2H]}n (2d). These are among the first bismuth-oxido anionic clusters synthesized, and the first to have transition metal countercations. The Bi6O8 anion in 1a and 1b is a high-symmetry octahedron. Additionally, two of the new Bi4O2 clusters are arranged in 1D polymeric structures via bridging carboxylate ligands. The cation in compound 2c had not been previously characterized and was also observed in the synthesis of [Co{HC(MeCO)2(MeCNH)}2][Bi(NO3)6] (3). The new compounds were characterized using single crystal X-ray crystallography and elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael I Loera Fernandez
- Chemistry Department, Rice University , 6100 Main St. MS-60, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Samantha L Donaldson
- Chemistry Department, Rice University , 6100 Main St. MS-60, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Desmond E Schipper
- Chemistry Department, Rice University , 6100 Main St. MS-60, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Sohaila Andleeb
- Chemistry Department, Rice University , 6100 Main St. MS-60, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kenton H Whitmire
- Chemistry Department, Rice University , 6100 Main St. MS-60, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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10
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Schiwon R, Braun B, Metzinger R, Limberg C. Creating Iron- and Rhenium-Bismuth Bonds by Reactions with Organometallic Hydrides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Schiwon
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Beatrice Braun
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Ramona Metzinger
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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11
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Stefik M. Atomic Layer Deposition of Bismuth Vanadates for Solar Energy Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1727-1735. [PMID: 27246652 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of porous nanocomposites is key to the advancement of energy conversion and storage devices that interface with electrolytes. Bismuth vanadate, BiVO4 , is a promising oxide for solar water splitting where the controlled fabrication of BiVO4 layers within porous, conducting scaffolds has remained a challenge. Here, the atomic layer deposition of bismuth vanadates is reported from BiPh3 , vanadium(V) oxytriisopropoxide, and water. The resulting films have tunable stoichiometry and may be crystallized to form the photoactive scheelite structure of BiVO4 . A selective etching process was used with vanadium-rich depositions to enable the synthesis of phase-pure BiVO4 after spinodal decomposition. BiVO4 thin films were measured for photoelectrochemical performance under AM 1.5 illumination. The average photocurrents were 1.17 mA cm(-2) at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode using a hole-scavenging sulfite electrolyte. The capability to deposit conformal bismuth vanadates will enable a new generation of nanocomposite architectures for solar water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Stefik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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12
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Tröbs L, Wilke M, Szczerba W, Reinholz U, Emmerling F. Mechanochemical synthesis and characterisation of two new bismuth metal organic frameworks. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42633e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two metal organic structures composed of the ligands benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate and pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylate and bismuth cations are presented: (H2Im)[Bi(1,4-bdc)2] (1) and [Bi(pydc)(NO3)2(H2O)2]·H2O (2) (bdc = benzenedicarboxylate, H2Im = imidazole cation, pydc = pyridinedicarboxylate).
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Tröbs
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Wilke
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - W. Szczerba
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - U. Reinholz
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
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13
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14
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Balasanthiran V, Chisholm MH, Durr CB, Gallucci JC. Single-site bismuth alkoxide catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11234-41. [PMID: 23812609 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50629k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salen bismuth alkoxides, where the salen ligand contains 2,4-di-tert-butylphenoxy groups and one of ethylene, cyclohexane or ortho-phenyl as a backbone have been prepared from reactions involving Bi[N(SiMe₃)₂]₃ and the free salen ligand followed by alcoholysis (ButOH, PriOH and 2,6-But₂C₆H₃OH). The molecular structures of the salen ligand with the cyclohexyl back-bone have been determined for the complexes salenBiCl and salenBiOC₆H₃-2,6-But₂. The chloro compound is a dimer with chloride bridges while the phenoxide is monomeric with an unusually distorted five-coordinate geometry. The phenoxide and tert-butoxide complexes have been employed in the ring-opening polymerization of lactides (L- and rac-) to give polylactides, PLAs. With rac-LA heterotactic PLA is formed preferentially, Pr = ~0.9, in dichloromethane or toluene at room temperature. The reaction is first order in [Bi] and is notably faster than most aluminum and zinc initiators as well as tin(II) octanoate. These results are discussed in terms of a recent report on the polymerization of LA by Peptobismol® and bismuth subsalicylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagulejan Balasanthiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1185, USA
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15
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Vuorinen S, Lahcini M, Hatanpää T, Sundberg M, Leskelä M, Repo T. Bismuth(III
) Alkoxide Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactides and ϵ-Caprolactone. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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A novel route to Pt–Bi2O3 composite thin films and their application in photo-reduction of water. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Wójcik K, Rüffer T, Lang H, Auer AA, Mehring M. Novel carbonyl iron–bismuth clusters – synthesis, structure, CO2 insertion and potential as molecular precursors for BiFeO3. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Moniz SJA, Blackman CS, Carmalt CJ, Hyett G. MOCVD of crystalline Bi2O3 thin films using a single-source bismuth alkoxide precursor and their use in photodegradation of water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01720e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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