1
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Yus M, Nájera C, Foubelo F, Sansano JM. Metal-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Transformations. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11817-11893. [PMID: 37793021 PMCID: PMC10603790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Enantioconvergent catalysis has expanded asymmetric synthesis to new methodologies able to convert racemic compounds into a single enantiomer. This review covers recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed transformations, such as radical-based cross-coupling of racemic alkyl electrophiles with nucleophiles or racemic alkylmetals with electrophiles and reductive cross-coupling of two electrophiles mainly under Ni/bis(oxazoline) catalysis. C-H functionalization of racemic electrophiles or nucleophiles can be performed in an enantioconvergent manner. Hydroalkylation of alkenes, allenes, and acetylenes is an alternative to cross-coupling reactions. Hydrogen autotransfer has been applied to amination of racemic alcohols and C-C bond forming reactions (Guerbet reaction). Other metal-catalyzed reactions involve addition of racemic allylic systems to carbonyl compounds, propargylation of alcohols and phenols, amination of racemic 3-bromooxindoles, allenylation of carbonyl compounds with racemic allenolates or propargyl bromides, and hydroxylation of racemic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Yus
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Nájera
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Foubelo
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis
Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - José M. Sansano
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis
Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
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2
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Bakulina O, Inyutina A, Dar’in D, Krasavin M. Multicomponent Reactions Involving Diazo Reagents: A 5-Year Update. Molecules 2021; 26:6563. [PMID: 34770972 PMCID: PMC8587191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments in multicomponent reactions of diazo compounds. The role of diazo reagent and the type of interaction between components was analyzed to structure the discussion. In contrast to previous reviews on related topics mostly focused on metal catalyzed transformations, a substantial amount of organocatalytic or catalyst-free methodologies is covered in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bakulina
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr., 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.I.); (D.D.)
| | | | | | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr., 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.I.); (D.D.)
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3
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Takayama H. What I Learned from Exploratory Research on Alkaloids. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Maiti D, Das R, Sen S. Blue LED-Mediated N-H Insertion of Indoles into Aryldiazoesters at Room Temperature in Batch and Flow: Reaction Kinetics, Density Functional Theory, and Mechanistic Study. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2522-2533. [PMID: 33417455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mild blue light-mediated N-H insertion of indole and its derivatives into aryldiazoesters has been reported in a batch and flow strategy to afford the corresponding N-alkylated product in moderate-to-excellent yield. Detailed high-performance liquid chromatography-based reaction kinetics measurements, control experiments, and kinetic isotope effect reveal that 3-substituted indoles with electron-withdrawing groups such as -CN and -CHO facilitated the product formation, whereas the electron-donating group retarded the process. The neutral indole performed in between them. Furthermore, Hammett plot and density functional theory-based transition-state optimization studies showed substantial correlation of the electronic nature of the substituents at the C3 position of indoles with the rate of the N-H insertion reaction. The strategy was utilized to synthesize a key intermediate for the natural product (-)-psychotrimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajit Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Ranajit Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Subhabrata Sen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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5
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Takayama H. Total Syntheses of Lycopodium and Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids Based on Biosynthesis-Inspired Strategies. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:103-116. [PMID: 32009077 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The merits of biogenetic considerations in the chemical syntheses of natural products have been emphasized by describing the total syntheses of Lycopodium alkaloids; lycodine, flabellidine, lycopodine, and flabelliformine, as well as monoterpenoid indole alkaloids; C-mavacurine, kopsiyunnanine K, koumine, and 11-methoxy-19R-hydroxygelselegine.
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6
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Wang YH, Tian JS, Tan PW, Cao Q, Zhang XX, Cao ZY, Zhou F, Wang X, Zhou J. Regiodivergent Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Ketimines for the Diverse Synthesis of Azacycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1634-1643. [PMID: 31755631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Azacycles such as indoles and tetrahydroquinolines are privileged structures in drug development. Reported here is an unprecedented regiodivergent intramolecular nucleophilic addition reaction of imines as a flexible approach to access N-functionalized indoles and tetrahydroquinolines, by the control of reaction at the N-terminus and C-terminus, respectively. Using ketimines derived from 2-(2-nitroethyl)anilines with isatins or α-ketoesters, the regioselective N-attack reaction gives N-functionalized indoles, while the catalytic enantioselective C-attack reaction affords chiral tetrahydroquinolines featuring an α-tetrasubstituted stereocenter. Mechanistic studies reveal that hydrogen-bonding interactions may greatly facilitate such unusual N-attack reactions of imines. The utility of this protocol is highlighted by the catalytic enantioselective formal synthesis of (-)-psychotrimine, and the construction of various fused aza-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun-Song Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Peng-Wei Tan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xue-Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of chemical engineering, Zhejiang university of technology, Chaowang road, 18N, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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7
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Wang Y, Tian J, Tan P, Cao Q, Zhang X, Cao Z, Zhou F, Wang X, Zhou J. Regiodivergent Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Ketimines for the Diverse Synthesis of Azacycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Hui Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI) Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1200 Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Jun‐Song Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Peng‐Wei Tan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xue‐Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Zhong‐Yan Cao
- College of chemical engineering Zhejiang university of technology Chaowang road, 18N Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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8
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Li DF, Jin HS, Zhang JR, Jiang YX, Zhao LM. Protecting-Group-Free Synthesis of 3-Amino-3-α-prenyl-oxindoles through the Direct Prenylation of Isatin-Derived Imines. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- De-Feng Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Hai-Shan Jin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Jing-Ru Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yi-Xuan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Li-Ming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Guangxi Normal University; 541004 Guangxi China
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9
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Nelson BM, Loach RP, Schiesser S, Movassaghi M. Concise total synthesis of (+)-asperazine A and (+)-pestalazine B. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:202-207. [PMID: 29243756 PMCID: PMC5752586 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02985c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The highly convergent total synthesis of dimeric diketopiperazine alkaloids (+)-asperazine A and (+)-pestalazine B is described. A critical aspect of our expedient route was the development of a directed regio- and diastereoselective C3-N1' coupling of complex tetracyclic diketopiperazine components. This late-stage heterodimerization reaction was made possible by design of tetracyclic diketopiperazines that allow C3-carbocation coupling of the electrophilic component to the N1' locus of the nucleophilic fragment. The application of this new coupling reaction to the first total synthesis of (+)-asperazine A led to our revision of the sign and magnitude of the optical rotation for the reported structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Nelson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA.
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10
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Hajra S, Bhosale SS, Hazra A. An asymmetric acetate-Mannich reaction of chiral isatin derived ketimines and its applications. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9217-9225. [PMID: 29082414 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02407j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient TMSOTf-mediated asymmetric acetate-Mannich reaction of isatin derived tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines and S-phenyl thioacetate was developed to afford the direct synthesis of indole-based β3,3-amino acid thioester with excellent selectivity (dr > 98 : 2). Syntheses of (+)-AG-041R and 3-aminopyrroloindoline have been accomplished utilizing the developed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Hajra
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India.
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11
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Indole-Indole Ullmann Cross-Coupling for CAr
-N Bond Formation: Total Synthesis of (-)-Aspergilazine A. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Guo J, Chen S, Liu J, Guo J, Chen W, Cai Q, Liu P, Sun P. Iodine-Catalyzed Azidation/Cyclization Cascade Approach to 3a-Azidofuroindolines and -pyrroloindolines under Mild Conditions. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Guo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Guo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Weimin Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Qian Cai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Pharmacy School; College of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical University; 563003 Zunyi P. R. China
| | - Pinghua Sun
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
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13
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Seizert CA, Ferreira EM. A boron-based Ireland-Claisen approach to the synthesis of pordamacrine A. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Rivinoja DJ, Gee YS, Gardiner MG, Ryan JH, Hyland CJT. The Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pyrroloindolines by Pd-Catalyzed Dearomative Cycloaddition of 1-Tosyl-2-vinylaziridine to 3-Nitroindoles. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Rivinoja
- School
of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Yi Sing Gee
- School
of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Michael G. Gardiner
- School of
Physical Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - John H. Ryan
- CSIRO
Manufacturing Flagship, Ian Wark Laboratory, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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15
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Lian XL, Meng J, Han ZY. Ru(II)/Organo Relay Catalytic Three-Component Reaction of 3-Diazooxindoles, Amines, and Nitroalkene: Formal Synthesis of (−)-Psychotrimine. Org Lett 2016; 18:4270-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Lian
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Han
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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16
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Tokuda R, Okamoto Y, Koyama T, Kogure N, Kitajima M, Takayama H. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Kopsiyunnanine K, a Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid with a Rearranged Skeleton. Org Lett 2016; 18:3490-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Tokuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Koyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kogure
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mariko Kitajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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17
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Mailyan AK, Eickhoff JA, Minakova AS, Gu Z, Lu P, Zakarian A. Cutting-Edge and Time-Honored Strategies for Stereoselective Construction of C–N Bonds in Total Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4441-557. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur K. Mailyan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - John A. Eickhoff
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anastasiia S. Minakova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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18
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Tayu M, Ishizaki T, Higuchi K, Kawasaki T. DMSO/Tf2O-mediated cross-coupling of tryptamine with substituted aniline to access C3a-N1'-linked pyrroloindoline alkaloids. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3863-5. [PMID: 25714899 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00190k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cross-coupling of tryptamine with substituted aniline to access C3a-nitrogen-linked pyrroloindolines has been developed via the consecutive cyclization of tryptamine with DMSO/Tf2O and the substitution of 3a-pyrroloindolylthionium intermediate with aniline. The use of 2,3-dihydrotryptamine instead of aniline enabled easy access to 3a-(1-indolyl)pyrroloindoline and the concise synthesis of C3a-N1'-linked pyrroloindoline alkaloid (±)-psychotriasine was accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Tayu
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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19
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Liu C, Yi JC, Zheng ZB, Tang Y, Dai LX, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of 3a-Amino-Pyrroloindolines by Copper-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Dearomative Amination of Tryptamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Liu C, Yi JC, Zheng ZB, Tang Y, Dai LX, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of 3a-Amino-Pyrroloindolines by Copper-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Dearomative Amination of Tryptamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:751-4. [PMID: 26603145 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A direct asymmetric dearomative amination of tryptamines with O-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydroxylamine (DPH) was achieved using CuBr-bisoxazoline complex as a catalyst, affording 3a-amino-pyrroloindolines in good to excellent enantioselectivity under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, the synthetic value of this method was demonstrated in the total synthesis of (-)-psychotriasine in a highly concise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Ji-Cheng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Zhong-Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (China). .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin (China).
| | - Li-Xin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (China). .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin (China).
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21
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Li Q, Xia T, Yao L, Deng H, Liao X. Enantioselective and diastereoselective azo-coupling/iminium-cyclizations: a unified strategy for the total syntheses of (-)-psychotriasine and (+)-pestalazine B. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3599-3605. [PMID: 29511522 PMCID: PMC5659145 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00338e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a unified strategy for the total syntheses of (-)-psychotriasine and (+)-pestalazine B based on the advanced intermediates of 3α-amino-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole. To construct these structural motifs, a cascade reaction involving a BINOL-derived phosphoric anion-paired catalyst for enantioselective or diastereoselective azo-coupling/iminium-cyclizations was developed. The remaining key steps of the synthesis involve a sterically hindered amination via hypervalent iodine reagents and the Larock annulation. These transformations enable a general approach to the syntheses of indole alkaloids containing a 3α-amino-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole motif and could be further applied to build a natural product-based library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Centre for Life Sciences , Beijing 100084 , China.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Licheng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics , School of Life Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Xuebin Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
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22
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Zhao K, Shu T, Jia J, Raabe G, Enders D. An organocatalytic Mannich/denitration reaction for the asymmetric synthesis of 3-ethylacetate-substitued 3-amino-2-oxindoles: formal synthesis of AG-041R. Chemistry 2015; 21:3933-6. [PMID: 25630891 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The highly enantioselective organocatalytic addition of ethyl nitroacetate to isatin-derived N-Boc ketimines (Boc = tert-butoxycarbonyl), followed by the removal of the nitro group, is described. The scalable reaction sequence leads to the title compounds as important intermediates of pyrroloindoline alkaloids and related drugs in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The synthesis of the hexahydrofurano[2,3-b]indole skeleton, the spirocarbamate oxindole unit, and the formal synthesis of AG-041R have been carried out to demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 241-809-2127 http://www.oc.rwth-aachen.de/akenders/AKEN_D.HTM
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23
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Zhang P, Sun W, Li G, Hong L, Wang R. Copper-catalyzed cascade azidation–cyclization of tryptophols and tryptamines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12293-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed cascade azidation–cyclization of tryptophols and tryptamines has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
| | - Wangsheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Guofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Liang Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Boyd
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
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25
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Lancianesi S, Palmieri A, Petrini M. Synthetic Approaches to 3-(2-Nitroalkyl) Indoles and Their Use to Access Tryptamines and Related Bioactive Compounds. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7108-49. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400676v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lancianesi
- School
of Science and Technology,
Chemistry Division, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino,
1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- School
of Science and Technology,
Chemistry Division, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino,
1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Marino Petrini
- School
of Science and Technology,
Chemistry Division, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino,
1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
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26
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Zhang H, Kang H, Hong L, Dong W, Li G, Zheng X, Wang R. Construction of the N1-C3 linkage stereogenic centers by catalytic asymmetric amination reaction of 3-bromooxindoles with indolines. Org Lett 2014; 16:2394-7. [PMID: 24725065 DOI: 10.1021/ol5007423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric amination reaction of 3-bromooxindoles with indolines for the construction of the N1-C3 linkage stereogenic centers has been realized for the first time. Moreover, the racemic substrates (3-substituted indolines) were also applicable under the same chiral conditions. The newly developed method conveniently led to a formal synthesis of (+)-psychotrimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drug of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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27
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Seizert CA, Ferreira EM. An Examination of the Scope and Stereochemistry of the Ireland-Claisen Rearrangement of Boron Ketene Acetals. Chemistry 2014; 20:4460-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Zhang YQ, Yuan YA, Liu GS, Xu H. Iron(II)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular Aminohydroxylation of Indoles. Org Lett 2013; 15:3910-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401666e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Yong-An Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Guan-Sai Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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29
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Ishikura M, Abe T, Choshi T, Hibino S. Simple indole alkaloids and those with a non-rearranged monoterpenoid unit. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:694-752. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np20118j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Araki T, Ozawa T, Yokoe H, Kanematsu M, Yoshida M, Shishido K. Diastereoselective intramolecular carbamoylketene/alkene [2 + 2] cycloaddition: enantioselective access to pyrrolidinoindoline alkaloids. Org Lett 2012; 15:200-3. [PMID: 23252989 DOI: 10.1021/ol303204v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel and highly diastereoselective intramolecular carbamoylketene/alkene [2 + 2] cycloaddition has been developed, and the methodology was successfully applied to the enantioselective syntheses of (-)-esermethole and Takayama's intermediate for (+)-psychotrimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Araki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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31
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Nicolaou KC, Hale CRH, Nilewski C, Ioannidou HA. Constructing molecular complexity and diversity: total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5185-238. [PMID: 22743704 PMCID: PMC3426871 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The advent of organic synthesis and the understanding of the molecule as they occurred in the nineteenth century and were refined in the twentieth century constitute two of the most profound scientific developments of all time. These discoveries set in motion a revolution that shaped the landscape of the molecular sciences and changed the world. Organic synthesis played a major role in this revolution through its ability to construct the molecules of the living world and others like them whose primary element is carbon. Although the early beginnings of organic synthesis came about serendipitously, organic chemists quickly recognized its potential and moved decisively to advance and exploit it in myriad ways for the benefit of mankind. Indeed, from the early days of the synthesis of urea and the construction of the first carbon-carbon bond, the art of organic synthesis improved to impressively high levels of sophistication. Through its practice, today chemists can synthesize organic molecules--natural and designed--of all types of structural motifs and for all intents and purposes. The endeavor of constructing natural products--the organic molecules of nature--is justly called both a creative art and an exact science. Often called simply total synthesis, the replication of nature's molecules in the laboratory reflects and symbolizes the state of the art of synthesis in general. In the last few decades a surge in total synthesis endeavors around the world led to a remarkable collection of achievements that covers a wide ranging landscape of molecular complexity and diversity. In this article, we present highlights of some of our contributions in the field of total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. For perspective, we also provide a listing of selected examples of additional natural products synthesized in other laboratories around the world over the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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32
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Companyó X, Valero G, Pineda O, Calvet T, Font-Bardía M, Moyano A, Rios R. Enantioselective organocatalytic oxyamination of unprotected 3-substituted oxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:431-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06503c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Ruiz-Sanchis P, Savina SA, Acosta GA, Albericio F, Álvarez M. Orthogonal Protecting Groups in the Synthesis of Tryptophanyl-Hexahydropyrroloindoles. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Çelebi-Ölçüm N, Boal BW, Huters AD, Garg NK, Houk KN. Why do some Fischer indolizations fail? J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5752-5. [PMID: 21443189 DOI: 10.1021/ja201035b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the Fischer indole synthesis and competing cleavage pathways were explored with SCS-MP2/6-31G(d) and aqueous solvation calculations. Electron-donating substituents divert the reaction pathway to heterolytic N-N bond cleavage and preclude the acid-promoted [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Çelebi-Ölçüm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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35
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Foo K, Newhouse T, Mori I, Takayama H, Baran PS. Total synthesis guided structure elucidation of (+)-psychotetramine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:2716-9. [PMID: 21387473 PMCID: PMC3365487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201008048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klement Foo
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| | - Timothy Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| | - Ikue Mori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 (Japan)
| | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 (Japan)
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
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36
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Foo K, Newhouse T, Mori I, Takayama H, Baran PS. Total Synthesis Guided Structure Elucidation of (+)‐Psychotetramine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201008048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klement Foo
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858‐784‐7375
| | - Timothy Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858‐784‐7375
| | - Ikue Mori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1‐33 Yayoi‐cho, Inage‐ku, Chiba 263‐8522 (Japan)
| | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1‐33 Yayoi‐cho, Inage‐ku, Chiba 263‐8522 (Japan)
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858‐784‐7375
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37
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Snyder SA, ElSohly AM, Kontes F. Synthetic approaches to oligomeric natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:897-924. [DOI: 10.1039/c1np00001b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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38
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Russel JS, Pelkey ET, Greger JG. Five-Membered Ring Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-096805-6.00006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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39
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Benkovics T, Guzei IA, Yoon TP. Oxaziridine-mediated oxyamination of indoles: an approach to 3-aminoindoles and enantiomerically enriched 3-aminopyrroloindolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9153-7. [PMID: 20967810 PMCID: PMC3047499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Benkovics
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Tehshik P. Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
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40
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Benkovics T, Guzei IA, Yoon TP. Oxaziridine-Mediated Oxyamination of Indoles: An Approach to 3-Aminoindoles and Enantiomerically Enriched 3-Aminopyrroloindolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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41
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Newhouse T, Lewis CA, Eastman KJ, Baran PS. Scalable total syntheses of N-linked tryptamine dimers by direct indole-aniline coupling: psychotrimine and kapakahines B and F. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:7119-37. [PMID: 20426477 PMCID: PMC2874090 DOI: 10.1021/ja1009458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This report details the invention of a method to enable syntheses of psychotrimine (1) and the kapakahines F and B (2, 3) on a gram scale and in a minimum number of steps. Mechanistic inquiries are presented for the key enabling quaternization of indole at the C3 position by electrophilic attack of an activated aniline species. Excellent chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselectivities are observed for reactions with o-iodoaniline, an indole cation equivalent. Additionally, the scope of this reaction is broad with respect to the tryptamine and aniline components. The anti-cancer profiles of 1-3 have also been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Chad A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Kyle J. Eastman
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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