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Mironova D, Makarov E, Bilyukova I, Akyol K, Sultanova E, Evtugyn V, Davletshin D, Gilyazova E, Bulatov E, Burilov V, Solovieva S, Antipin I. Aggregation, Cytotoxicity and DNA Binding in a Series of Calix[4]arene Amphiphile Containing Aminotriazole Groups. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050699. [PMID: 37242482 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work focuses on the study of the aggregation and complexing properties of calixarenes as potential DNA condensation agents for gene delivery. In the current study, 1,4-triazole derivatives of calix[4]arenes 7 and 8 containing monoammonium fragments were synthesized. The synthesized compound's structure was characterized by using various spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, HRESI MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR). The interactions between a series of calix[4]arene-containing aminotriazole groups (triazole-containing macrocycles with diethylenetriammonium fragments (3 and 4) and triazole-containing macrocycles with monoammonium fragments (7 and 8)) and calf thymus DNA were carried out via UV absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. The role of the binding forces of calixarene-DNA complexes was analyzed. Photophysical and morphological studies revealed the interaction of the calixarenes 3, 4 and 8 with ct-DNA, which transformed the fibrous structure of ct-DNA to completely condensed compact structures that are 50 nm in diameter. The cytotoxic properties of calixarenes 3, 4, 7 and 8 against cancerous cells (MCF7, PC-3) as well as a healthy cell line (HSF) were investigated. Compound 4 was found to have the highest toxic effect on MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma (IC50 3.3 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Mironova
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Egor Makarov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Islamiya Bilyukova
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Kevser Akyol
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elsa Sultanova
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vladimir Evtugyn
- Interdisciplinary Center for Analytical Microscopy, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vladimir Burilov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana Solovieva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Igor Antipin
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
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Pan Y, Hu X, Guo D. Biomedizinische Anwendungen von Calixarenen: Stand der Wissenschaft und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Pan Y, Hu X, Guo D. Biomedical Applications of Calixarenes: State of the Art and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2768-2794. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Zhong Q, Zhang L. Nanoparticles fabricated from bulk solid lipids: Preparation, properties, and potential food applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 273:102033. [PMID: 31614266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Unlike conventional emulsions, solid lipids are used to prepare solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with crystalline structures and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with imperfect crystals or amorphous structures to encapsulate various bioactive compounds significant to food applications. The solid lipid matrix can stabilize particle structures and control release properties of the encapsulated compounds that may not be possible for emulsions with liquid droplets. In this review, common approaches of preparing SLNs and NLCs are first presented, followed by parameters used to study lipid particles, including dimensional, morphological, charge, thermal, and crystalline properties. The structures of SLNs and NLCs with respect to the release mechanisms of encapsulated compounds are discussed in the context of lipid and emulsifier chemistry and preparation conditions. Lastly, possible applications of SLNs and NLCs in food systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Linhan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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Kumar R, Sharma A, Singh H, Suating P, Kim HS, Sunwoo K, Shim I, Gibb BC, Kim JS. Revisiting Fluorescent Calixarenes: From Molecular Sensors to Smart Materials. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9657-9721. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hardev Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Paolo Suating
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Hyeong Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyoung Sunwoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Inseob Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Bruce C. Gibb
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Yu Y, Yin T, Peng Q, Kong L, Li C, Tang D, Yin X. Simultaneous Monitoring of Amyloid-β (Aβ) Oligomers and Fibrils for Effectively Evaluating the Dynamic Process of Aβ Aggregation. ACS Sens 2019; 4:471-478. [PMID: 30693761 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we provide a proof of concept for a novel strategy that targets the assessment of the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) by simultaneously determining its oligomers (Aβo) and fibrils (Aβf) in one analytical system. By fabricating and combining two immunosensors for Aβo and Aβf, respectively, we constructed a two-channel electrochemical system. The ratio of Aβf to Aβo was calculated and taken as a possible criterion for evaluating the extent of aggregation. Thereby, the presence of and transformation between oligomers and fibrils were accurately probed by incubating the Aβ monomer for different times and then calculating the ratios of Aβf to Aβo. The applicability of this method was further validated by tracking the dynamic progress of Aβ aggregation in the cerebrospinal fluid and tissues of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats, which revealed that the ratio of Aβf to Aβo in rat brain gradually increased with the progression of AD, which was indicative of the severity of peptide aggregation during this process. Overall, this study represents the first example of a quantitative strategy for precisely evaluating the aggregation process that is related to pathological events in AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tianxiao Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qiwen Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lingna Kong
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chenglin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Elucidating the mechanism of the considerable mechanical stiffening of DNA induced by the couple Zn 2+/Calix[4]arene-1,3-O-diphosphorous acid. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1226. [PMID: 29352239 PMCID: PMC5775194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The couple Calix[4]arene-1,3-O-diphosphorous acid (C4diP) and zinc ions (Zn2+) acts as a synergistic DNA binder. Silicon NanoTweezer (SNT) measurements show an increase in the mechanical stiffness of DNA bundles by a factor of >150, at Zn2+ to C4diP ratios above 8, as compared to Zinc alone whereas C4diP alone decreases the stiffness of DNA. Electroanalytical measurements using 3D printed devices demonstrate a progression of events in the assembly of C4diP on DNA promoted by zinc ions. A mechanism at the molecular level can be deduced in which C4diP initially coordinates to DNA by phosphate-phosphate hydrogen bonds or in the presence of Zn2+ by Zn2+ bridging coordination of the phosphate groups. Then, at high ratios of Zn2+ to C4diP, interdigitated dimerization of C4diP is followed by cross coordination of DNA strands through Zn2+/C4diP inter-strand interaction. The sum of these interactions leads to strong stiffening of the DNA bundles and increased inter-strand binding.
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Samanta K, Ranade DS, Upadhyay A, Kulkarni PP, Rao CP. A Bimodal, Cationic, and Water-Soluble Calix[4]arene Conjugate: Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Transfection of Red Fluorescent Protein Encoded Plasmid in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:5109-5117. [PMID: 28103012 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A new bimodal fluorescent cationic calix[4]arene (L1) conjugate has been synthesized in multiple steps and well characterized by NMR and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) techniques. L1 has been investigated for its DNA binding ability by various spectroscopy techniques like absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD). The formation of L1-DNA complex has been confirmed by the gel electrophoresis in the presence of incremental concentration of L1. To visualize the packing of the plasmid (pBR322), detailed tapping mode atomic force microscopy study has been performed, which revealed blob-like structure of plasmid upon addition of the incremental amount of L1. Concentration dependent transfection ability of L1 has been established in MCF-7 cells by confocal microscopy by carrying the red fluorescent protein (RFP) encoded plasmid pCMV-tdTomato-N1 to emit both intrinsic fluorescence of L1 as well as that from RFP. All this has been possible in the absence of any adjuvant phospholipids (DOPE) that are commonly used as helper. Further transfection efficiency of L1 has been compared with the commercially available lipofectamine (LTX) in two cancer cell lines, MCF 7 and SH-SY5Y, and found that the L1 is as efficient as that of LTX. Hence, L1 is an efficient and effective cargo to transport genetic material into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushal Samanta
- Bioinorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dnyanesh S Ranade
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - Aekta Upadhyay
- Bioinorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prasad P Kulkarni
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - Chebrolu Pulla Rao
- Bioinorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Al-Azemi TF, Vinodh M, Alipour FH. Bis-resorcin[4]arene–bridged porphyrin conjugates: synthesis, fluorescence and binding studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13963a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of bis-resorcin[4]arene–bridged porphyrin conjugates and effect of the structure type on binding, and fluorescence quenching behaviors are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mickey Vinodh
- Chemistry Department
- Kuwait University
- Safat 13060
- Kuwait
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11
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Norouzy A, Azizi Z, Nau WM. Indicator Displacement Assays Inside Live Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:792-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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13
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Kulikov OV, Negin S, Rath NP, Gokel GW. Morphologies of branched-chain pyrogallol[4]arenes in the solid state. Supramol Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.860228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V. Kulikov
- Center for Nanoscience, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, , St Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Saeedeh Negin
- Center for Nanoscience, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, , St Louis, MO 63121, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Nigam P. Rath
- Center for Nanoscience, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, , St Louis, MO 63121, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - George W. Gokel
- Center for Nanoscience, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, , St Louis, MO 63121, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, MO 63121, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri – St Louis, One University Boulevard, , St Louis, MO 63121, USA
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Solid lipid nanoparticle-based calix[n]arenes and calix-resorcinarenes as building blocks: synthesis, formulation and characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21899-942. [PMID: 24196356 PMCID: PMC3856042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have attracted increasing attention during recent years. This paper presents an overview about the use of calix[n]arenes and calix-resorcinarenes in the formulation of SLNs. Because of their specific inclusion capability both in the intraparticle spaces and in the host cavities as well as their capacity for functionalization, these colloidal nanostructures represent excellent tools for the encapsulation of different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the area of drug targeting, cosmetic additives, contrast agents, etc. Various synthetic routes to the supramolecular structures will be given. These various routes lead to the formulation of the corresponding SLNs. Characterization, properties, toxicological considerations as well as numerous corresponding experimental studies and analytical methods will be also exposed and discussed.
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Peters MS, Li M, Schrader T. Interactions of Calix[ n]arenes with Nucleic Acids. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA interaction with artificial binders is of great interest, especially in light of the broad range of possible biomedical applications. The growing understanding of replication, transcription and translation opened the path for new approaches to target pathological effects at a very early stage. Meanwhile, the competitive binding to nucleic acids by designed molecules, which, for example, block certain sequences for natural binders, such as transcription factors, has become a promising concept in the context of gene therapy. On the other extreme, the transport of nucleic acids over the cell membrane into the nucleus by transfection agents opens the possibility to reprogram protein biosynthesis within host cells. In the past decades several substance classes have been developed for a noncovalent specific DNA binding with predictable biological effects, such as peptide nucleic acids or polyamide ligands. Calixarenes have not received so much attention, although they consist of a compact aromatic core tuneable in size, and allow the introduction of cationic functionalities at their upper and lower rims. Formerly being utilized as receptor moieties due to the possibility of complexating guests in their cavities, calixarenes are now also used as molecular scaffolds for multivalent ligands and are, therefore, suitable tools for cooperative DNA complexation. This review surveys specific supramolecular interactions between calixarene derivatives and nucleic acids, with an emphasis on structural elements in the calixarenes and the biological consequences of their complex formation with DNA strands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Sena Peters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45117 Essen, Germany
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Rullaud V, Siragusa M, Cumbo A, Gygax D, Shahgaldian P. DNA surface coating of calixarene-based nanoparticles: a sequence-dependent binding mechanism. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:12186-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36859e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Helttunen K, Salorinne K, Barboza T, Barbosa HC, Suhonen A, Nissinen M. Cation binding resorcinarene bis-crowns: the effect of lower rim alkyl chain length on crystal packing and solid lipid nanoparticles. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj20981k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Al-Azemi TF, Vinodh M. Synthesis of porphyrin conjugates based on conformationally rigid and flexible resorcin[4]arene frameworks. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Helttunen K, Nauha E, Kurronen A, Shahgaldian P, Nissinen M. Conformational polymorphism and amphiphilic properties of resorcinarene octapodands. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:906-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00602e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Helttunen K, Shahgaldian P. Self-assembly of amphiphilic calixarenes and resorcinarenes in water. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00123f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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