1
|
Bayat E, Ströbele M, Enseling D, Jüstel T, Meyer HJ. Thermal deprotonation and condensation of melamine in the presence of indium(III)chloride. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10912-10918. [PMID: 38888051 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The thermal condensation of melamine into molecules melam, melem, and the one-dimensional polymer melon has already been reported. An interesting question arises about the impact of other compounds being present in this process of thermal conversion. The solid-state reaction of C3N6H6 with InCl3 leads to a novel compound featuring deprotonated melam units in a supramolecular assembly, based on the [C12N20H8]4- anion that is interconnected in the structure via N-In-N bonding. The reaction pathway of the formation of this compound is investigated by thermal analysis and the crystal structure of unique (NH4)[(InCl2)3(C12N20H8)]·⅔[InCl3(NH3)] is reported as well as its photoluminescence properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Bayat
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Markus Ströbele
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - David Enseling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Münster University of Applied Science, Stegerwaldstraße 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Jüstel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Münster University of Applied Science, Stegerwaldstraße 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany
| | - H-Jürgen Meyer
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohamed-Ezzat RA, Elgemeie GH, Jones PG. An unexpected tautomer: synthesis and crystal structure of N-[6-amino-4-(methyl-sulfan-yl)-1,2-di-hydro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl-idene]benzenesulfonamide. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2024; 80:120-124. [PMID: 38333139 PMCID: PMC10848973 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989023011076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The title compound, C10H11N5O2S2, consists of an unexpected tautomer with a protonated nitro-gen atom in the triazine ring and a formal exocyclic double bond C=N to the sulfonamide moiety. The ring angles at the unsubstituted nitro-gen atoms are narrow, at 115.57 (12) and 115.19 (12)°, respectively, whereas the angle at the carbon atom between these N atoms is very wide, 127.97 (13)°. The inter-planar angle between the two rings is 79.56 (5)°. The mol-ecules are linked by three classical hydrogen bonds, forming a ribbon structure. There are also unusual linkages involving three short contacts (< 3 Å) from a sulfonamide oxygen atom to the C-NH-C part of a triazine ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reham A. Mohamed-Ezzat
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Galal H. Elgemeie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Audebert P, Kroke E, Posern C, Lee SH. State of the Art in the Preparation and Properties of Molecular Monomeric s-Heptazines: Syntheses, Characteristics, and Functional Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2515-2544. [PMID: 33449621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an account on the fast expanding field of monomeric (or molecular) heptazines, at the exclusion of their various polymeric forms, often referred to as carbon nitrides. While examples of monomeric heptazines were extremely limited until the beginning of this century, the field has started expanding quickly since then, as has the number of reports on polymeric materials, though previous reviews did not separate these fields. We provide here a detailed report on the synthetic procedures for molecular heptazines. We also extensively report on the different achievements realized from these new molecules, in the fields of physical chemistry, spectroscopy, materials preparation, (photo)catalysis, and devices. After a comprehensive summary and discussion on heptazines syntheses and characteristics, we show that starting from well-defined molecules allows a versatility of approaches and a wide tunability of the expected properties. It comes out that the field of monomeric heptazines is now emerging and possibly heading toward maturity, while diverging from the one of polymeric carbon nitrides. It is likely that this area of research will quickly surge to the forefront of the search for active organic molecules, with special attention to the domains of catalysis and organic-based functional materials and devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Audebert
- PPSM, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France.,XLIM Institute, CNRSUMR 7252, 123 Av Albert Thomas, Limoges 87000, France
| | - Edwin Kroke
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Strasse 29, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Christian Posern
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Strasse 29, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- PPSM, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai Y, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Hong Q, Liu S, Shen Y, Zhang Y. Metal-doped carbon nitrides: synthesis, structure and applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This perspective provides a comprehensive overview of the latest progress of M–CN, which would promote further development, such as for single-atom catalysis and nanozymatic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Bai
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| | - Qing Hong
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mazaud L, Tricoire M, Bourcier S, Cordier M, Gandon V, Auffrant A. Tridentate NNN Ligand Associating Amidoquinoline and Iminophosphorane: Synthesis and Coordination to Pd and Ni Centers. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Mazaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sophie Bourcier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar P, Vahidzadeh E, Thakur UK, Kar P, Alam KM, Goswami A, Mahdi N, Cui K, Bernard GM, Michaelis VK, Shankar K. C3N5: A Low Bandgap Semiconductor Containing an Azo-Linked Carbon Nitride Framework for Photocatalytic, Photovoltaic and Adsorbent Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5415-5436. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ehsan Vahidzadeh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ujwal K. Thakur
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Piyush Kar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Kazi M. Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ankur Goswami
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Najia Mahdi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Kai Cui
- Nanotechnology
Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Guy M. Bernard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | | | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Höhne CC, Posern C, Böhme U, Kroke E. Sulfides and Disulfides of s-Triazine: Potential Thermal Thiyl Radical Generators. Chemistry 2018; 24:13596-13606. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Christoph Höhne
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Chemische Technologie ICT; Joesph-von-Fraunhofer Str. 7 76327 Pfinztal Germany
| | - Christian Posern
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Uwe Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Edwin Kroke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Posern C, Böhme U, Wagler J, Höhne CC, Kroke E. Arylthio- and Arylseleno-Substituted s
-Heptazines. Chemistry 2017; 23:12510-12518. [PMID: 28558163 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Posern
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Uwe Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Jörg Wagler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Carl-Christoph Höhne
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Chemische Technologie ICT; 76327 Pfinztal Germany
| | - Edwin Kroke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; TU Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
An H, Li X, Yang Q, Wang D, Xie T, Zhao J, Xu Q, Chen F, Zhong Y, Yuan Y, Zeng G. The behavior of melamine in biological wastewater treatment system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:445-453. [PMID: 27773438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Melamine (MA) is a significant raw material for industry and home furnishing, and an intermediate for pharmacy. However it is also a hazardous material when being added to food as a protein substitute due to the high nitrogen content. In this study, the behavior of MA in activated sludge was investigated. Experiments showed that MA was removed during biological wastewater treatment process, and the removal was mainly achieved by activated sludge adsorption instead of biodegradation. Low levels of MA (0.001-0.10mg/L) in wastewater had negligible influence on the performance of activated sludge, but high levels of MA deteriorated biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The presence of MA (1.00 and 5.00mg/L) decreased total nitrogen removal efficiency from 94.15% to 79.47% and 68.04%, respectively. The corresponding concentration of effluent phosphorus increased from 0.11 to 1.45 and 2.06mg/L, respectively. It was also observed that MA inhibited the enzyme activities of nitrite oxidoreductase, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase and exopolyphosphatase, which were closely relevant to nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Further investigation showed that the presence of high MA concentrations promoted the consumption and synthesis of glycogen, thereby providing the advantage for the growth of glycogen accumulating organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxue An
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Ting Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yujie Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zambon A, Mouesca JM, Gheorghiu C, Bayle PA, Pécaut J, Claeys-Bruno M, Gambarelli S, Dubois L. s-Heptazine oligomers: promising structural models for graphitic carbon nitride. Chem Sci 2015; 7:945-950. [PMID: 29896365 PMCID: PMC5954616 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02992a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, linear s-heptazine oligomers were synthesized to serve as well-defined molecular models for g-CN..
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has interesting catalytic properties but is difficult to study due to its structure and how it is produced. In this study, linear s-heptazine oligomers were synthesized to serve as well-defined molecular models for g-CN. Cyclic voltammetry, absorption and emission spectroscopies showed a clear shift of properties towards those of g-CN as the number of heptazine units increased. DFT calculations supported the characterizations, and helped refine the properties observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Zambon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,Aix Marseille Université , LISA EA4672 , 13397 Cedex 20 , Marseille , France
| | - J-M Mouesca
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - C Gheorghiu
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - P A Bayle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - J Pécaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - M Claeys-Bruno
- French Environment and Energy Management Agency 20 , avenue du Grésillé-BP 90406 49004 , Angers Cedex 01 , France
| | - S Gambarelli
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - L Dubois
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France . ; .,CEA , INAC-SCIB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
García-Álvarez J, García-Garrido SE, Cadierno V. Iminophosphorane–phosphines: Versatile ligands for homogeneous catalysis. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
12
|
Schwarzer A, Saplinova T, Kroke E. Tri-s-triazines (s-heptazines)—From a “mystery molecule” to industrially relevant carbon nitride materials. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
13
|
Belaj F, Dojer B. Chlorination of Aromatic Rings by PCL 5. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2012.743548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Belaj
- a Department of Chemistry , Karl-Franzens University Graz , Austria
| | - Brina Dojer
- b Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor , Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schwarzer A, Böhme U, Kroke E. Use of Melem as a Nucleophilic Reagent to Form the Triphthalimide C6N7(phthal)3-New Targets and Prospects. Chemistry 2012; 18:12052-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Wirnhier
- Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Festkörperchemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D), 81377 München, Germany, Fax: +49‐89‐2180‐77440
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Festkörperchemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D), 81377 München, Germany, Fax: +49‐89‐2180‐77440
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Makowski SJ, Köstler P, Schnick W. Formation of a hydrogen-bonded heptazine framework by self-assembly of melem into a hexagonal channel structure. Chemistry 2012; 18:3248-57. [PMID: 22314938 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of melem C(6)N(7)(NH(2))(3) in hot aqueous solution leads to the formation of hydrogen-bonded, hexagonal rosettes of melem units surrounding infinite channels with a diameter of 8.9 Å. The channels are filled with strongly disordered water molecules, which are bound to the melem network through hydrogen bonds. Single-crystals of melem hydrate C(6)N(7)(NH(2))(3)⋅xH(2)O (x≈2.3) were obtained by hydrothermal treatment of melem at 200 °C and the crystal structure (R ̅3c, a=2879.0(4), c=664.01(13) pm, V=4766.4(13)×10(6) pm(3), Z=18) was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. With respect to the structural similarity to the well-known adduct between melamine and cyanuric acid, the composition of the obtained product was further analyzed by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Hydrolysis of melem to cyameluric acid during syntheses at elevated temperatures could thus be ruled out. DTA/TG studies revealed that, during heating of melem hydrate, water molecules can be removed from the channels of the structure to a large extent. The solvent-free framework is stable up to 430 °C without transforming into the denser structure of anhydrous melem. Dehydrated melem hydrate was further characterized by solid-state NMR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and sorption measurements to investigate structural changes induced by the removal of water from the channels. During dehydration, the hexagonal, layered arrangement of melem units is maintained whereas the formation of additional hydrogen bonds between melem entities requires the stacking mode of hexagonal layers to be altered. It is assumed that layers are shifted perpendicular to the direction of the channels, thereby making them inaccessible for guest molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia J Makowski
- Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Festkörperchemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 München, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Clauss C, Schmidt H, Schwarzer A, Kroke E. Copper(II) Melonates Cu3[C6N7(NCN)3]2·8H2O and [Cu(C2H8N2)2]3[C6N7(NCN)3]2·4H2O - Using the Terminal Cyano Group of the[C6N7(NCN)3]3- Ion for Complexation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
|