1
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Hamley IW, Castelletto V, Hermida-Merino D, Rosenthal M. Cyclodextrin-Induced Suppression of PEG Crystallization from the Melt in a PEG-Peptide Conjugate. Chembiochem 2024:e202400396. [PMID: 38775269 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The influence of alpha-cyclodextrin (αCD) on PEG crystallization is examined for a peptide-PEG conjugate, YYKLVFF-PEG3k comprising an amyloid peptide YYKLVFF linked to PEG with molar mass 3 kg mol-1. Remarkably, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and simultaneous synchrotron small-angle/wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) show that crystallization of PEG is suppressed by αCD, provided that the cyclodextrin content is sufficient. A hexagonal mesophase is formed instead. The αCD threading reduces the conformational flexibility of PEG, and hence suppresses crystallization. These results show that addition of cyclodextrins can be used to tune the crystallization of peptide-polymer conjugates and potentially other polymer/biomolecular hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W Hamley
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Valeria Castelletto
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Daniel Hermida-Merino
- DUBBLE-CRG @ ESRF, CS40220, The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- DUBBLE-CRG @ ESRF, CS40220, The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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2
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Castelletto V, Kowalczyk RM, Seitsonen J, Hamley IW. Tuning the Solution Self-Assembly of a Peptide-PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Conjugate with α-Cyclodextrin. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300472. [PMID: 37529857 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are saccharide ring molecules which act as host cavities that can encapsulate small guest molecules or thread polymer chains. We investigate the influence of alpha-cyclodextrin (αCD) on the aqueous solution self-assembly of a peptide-polymer conjugate YYKLVFF-PEG3K previously studied by our group [Castelletto et al., Polym. Chem., 2010, 1, 453-459]. This conjugate comprises a designed amyloid-forming peptide YYKLVFF that contains the KLVFF sequence from Amyloid β peptide, Aβ16-20, along with two aromatic tyrosine residues to enhance hydrophobicity, as well as polyethylene glycol PEG with molar mass 3 kg mol-1 . The conjugate self-assembles into β-sheet fibrils in aqueous solution. Here we show that complexation with αCD instead generates free-floating nanosheets in aqueous solution (with a β-sheet structure). The nanosheets comprise a bilayer with a hydrophobic peptide core and highly swollen PEG outer layers. The transition from fibrils to nanosheets is driven by an increase in the number of αCD molecules threaded on the PEG chains, as determined by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. These findings point to the use of cyclodextrin additives as a powerful means to tune the solution self-assembly in peptide-polymer conjugates and potentially other polymer/biomolecular hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Castelletto
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Radoslaw M Kowalczyk
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Jani Seitsonen
- Nanomicroscopy Center, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ian W Hamley
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
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3
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Kelly SH, Wu Y, Varadhan AK, Curvino EJ, Chong AS, Collier JH. Enabling sublingual peptide immunization with molecular self-assemblies. Biomaterials 2020; 241:119903. [PMID: 32143059 PMCID: PMC7171596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Short peptides are poorly immunogenic when delivered sublingually - under the tongue. Nanomaterial delivery of peptides could be utilized to improve immunogenicity towards designed sublingual vaccines, but nanomaterials have not been widely successful in sublingual vaccines owing to the challenges of transport through the sublingual mucosa. Here, we report that the sublingual immunogenicity of peptides is negligible, even in the presence of sublingual adjuvants or when PEGylated, but can be dramatically enhanced by assembly into supramolecular polymer-peptide nanofibers bearing low-molecular weight PEG, optimally between 2000 and 3000 Da. Neither PEGylation nor a sublingual adjuvant were capable of rendering peptides immunogenic without assembly into nanofibers. We found that PEG decreased nanofiber interactions with mucin and promoted longer residence time at the sublingual immunization site. Parallel investigations with shortened nanofibers indicated that the size of the assemblies had a surprisingly negligible influence over sublingual immunogenicity. In mice, optimized formulations were capable of raising strong and highly durable systemic antibody responses, antibodies in the upper respiratory and reproductive tracts, and systemic antigen-specific T-cell responses. These nanofiber-based sublingual vaccines were effective with both protein and nucleotide adjuvants and raised responses against both a model peptide epitope and a peptide epitope from M. tuberculosis. Further, PASylation (modification of nanofibers with peptide sequences rich in Pro, Ala, and Ser) could be substituted for PEGylation to also achieve sublingual immunogenicity. These findings indicated that surface properties supersede nanomaterial size in modulating sublingual nanomaterial immunogenicity, having important implications for the design of synthetic sublingual vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean H Kelly
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Yaoying Wu
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Ajay K Varadhan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Curvino
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Joel H Collier
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States.
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4
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Evgrafova Z, Rothemund S, Voigt B, Hause G, Balbach J, Binder WH. Synthesis and Aggregation of Polymer-Amyloid β Conjugates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900378. [PMID: 31631446 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Modulating the assembly of medically relevant peptides and proteins via macromolecular engineering is an important step in modifying their overall pathological effects. The synthesis of polymer-peptide conjugates composed of the amyloidogenic Alzheimer peptide, Aβ1-40 , and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol)m acrylates) (m = 2,3) with different molecular weights (Mn = 1400-6600 g mol-1 ) is presented here. The challenging conjugation of a synthetic polymer to an in situ aggregating protein is established via two different coupling strategies, only successful for polymers with molecular weights not exceeding 6600 g mol-1 , relying on resin-based synthesis or solution-based coupling chemistries. The conjugates are characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The aggregation of these polymer-Aβ1-40 conjugates, as monitored via thioflavine-T (ThT)-fluorescence spectroscopy, is accelerated mainly upon attaching the polymers. However, the appearance of the observed fibrils is different from those composed of native Aβ1-40, specifically with respect to length and morphology of the obtained aggregates. Instead of long, unbranched fibrils characteristic for Aβ1-40 , bundles of short aggregates are observed for the conjugates. Finally, the ThT kinetics and morphologies of Aβ1-40 fibrils formed in the presence of the conjugates give some mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Evgrafova
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sven Rothemund
- Core Unit Peptide Technologies, Liebigstraße 21, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bruno Voigt
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Institute of Physics, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jochen Balbach
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Institute of Physics, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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5
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Perinelli DR, Campana M, Singh I, Vllasaliu D, Doutch J, Palmieri GF, Casettari L. PEGylation affects the self-assembling behaviour of amphiphilic octapeptides. Int J Pharm 2019; 571:118752. [PMID: 31606529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Surfactant-like peptides are a class of amphiphilic macromolecules, which are able to self-assemble in water forming different supramolecular structures. Among them, octapeptides composed of six hydrophobic and two hydrophilic residues have attracted interest since they have a length similar to those of natural phospholipids. Supramolecular structures of different amphiphilic octapeptides have been widely reported, but no study has been performed aimed at investigating the effect of PEGylation on their self-assembling behaviour. The aim of the present work was to synthesize and characterise the self-assembling behaviour of PEGylated alanine- or valine based amphiphilic octapeptides (mPEG1.9kDa-DDAAAAAA and mPEG1.9kDa-DDVVVVVV) in comparison to the non-PEGylated ones (DDAAAAAA and DDVVVVVV). The self-aggregation process in ultrapure water was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), while the secondary structure was assessed by circular dichroism. PEGylation markedly affects the self-assembling behaviour of these amphiphilic octapeptides in terms of both critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and shape of the formed supramolecular aggregates. Indeed, PEGylation increases CAC and prevents the self-aggregation into fibrillary supramolecular aggregates (as observed for non-PEGylated peptides), by promoting the formation of micelle-like structures (as demonstrated for valine-based octapeptide). On the other side, the secondary structure of peptides seems not to be affected by PEGylation. Overall, these results suggest that self-assembling behaviour of amphiphilic octapeptides can be modified by PEGylation, with a great potential impact for the future applications of these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Romano Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Mario Campana
- ISIS Neutron Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Ishwar Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Driton Vllasaliu
- King's College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - James Doutch
- ISIS Neutron Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | | | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
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6
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Binder WH. The Past 40 Years of Macromolecular Sciences: Reflections on Challenges in Synthetic Polymer and Material Science. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800610. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences II; Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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7
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Kirkham S, Castelletto V, Hamley IW, Reza M, Ruokolainen J, Hermida-Merino D, Bilalis P, Iatrou H. Self-Assembly of Telechelic Tyrosine End-Capped PEO and Poly(alanine) Polymers in Aqueous Solution. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1186-97. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Kirkham
- School
of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria Castelletto
- School
of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian William Hamley
- School
of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Mehedi Reza
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100 FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100 FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | | | - Panayiotis Bilalis
- University of Athens, Department of Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Hermis Iatrou
- University of Athens, Department of Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece
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8
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Paira TK, Saha A, Banerjee S, Das T, Das P, Jana NR, Mandal TK. Fluorescent amphiphilic PEG-peptide-PEG triblock conjugate micelles for cell imaging. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:929-35. [PMID: 24687698 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-peptide-fluorophore-peptide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-Pep-F-Pep-PEG) triblock conjugate with a hydrophobic fluorophore moiety at the centre of the chain is synthesized by "grafting to" technique based on Schiff-base coupling chemistry. The conjugate is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. The aqueous solution of the triblock conjugate emits blue light and exhibits a fluorescence emission band at 430 nm. The amphiphilic conjugate molecules undergo self-assembly into micelles (D ≈ 15-20 nm) in aqueous solution as confirmed from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The critical aggregation concentration is determined by pyrene fluorescence assay and is found to be 0.051 mg mL(-1) . The highly stable and low toxic fluorescent PEG-Pep-F-Pep-PEG conjugate micelles are used for imaging of HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas K Paira
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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9
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Castelletto V, Gouveia RJ, Connon CJ, Hamley IW. Self-assembly and bioactivity of a polymer/peptide conjugate containing the RGD cell adhesion motif and PEG. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Ren K, Cheng Y, He C, Xiao C, Li G, Chen X. The effect of alkyl side groups on the secondary structure and crystallization of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polypeptide copolymers. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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11
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Shu JY, Panganiban B, Xu T. Peptide-Polymer Conjugates: From Fundamental Science to Application. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2013; 64:631-57. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040412-110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ting Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1760;
- Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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12
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Lund R, Shu J, Xu T. A Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Study of α-helical Bundle-Forming Peptide–Polymer Conjugates in Solution: Chain Conformations. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reidar Lund
- Department of Material Sciences & Engineering, University of California, 225 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, California 94720-1760, United States
- Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley
National Lab (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jessica Shu
- Department of Material Sciences & Engineering, University of California, 225 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, California 94720-1760, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Material Sciences & Engineering, University of California, 225 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, California 94720-1760, United States
- Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley
National Lab (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1760,
United States
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13
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Haspel N, Laurent AD, Zanuy D, Nussinov R, Alemán C, Puiggalí J, Revilla-López G. Conformational exploration of two peptides and their hybrid polymer conjugates: potentialities as self-aggregating materials. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13941-52. [PMID: 23157485 PMCID: PMC7512015 DOI: 10.1021/jp3043363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work we elucidate the conformational preferences of two amyloid-forming peptides, Arginine-Vasopressin and Neuromedin-K, and two new biomacromolecular conjugates obtained by linking the two peptides to a polyester (poly(R-lactic acid)) chain. The conformational properties of the new hybrid conjugates have been assessed through molecular dynamics simulations and compared to those of their individual components. Our results suggest that the free unconjugated peptides tend to adopt backbone arrangements which resemble a β-hairpin shape, a conformation which has been reported to facilitate amyloid self-aggregation. The backbone conformational preferences of the unlinked peptides are maintained in the peptide-polymer hybrid. Yet significant differences in the side-chains nonbonding interactions patterns were detected between the two states. This suggests that the conformational profile of the peptides' backbones is preserved when linked to the polymer, maintaining the amyloid precursor-like structure. Additionally, several hydrodynamic parameters were computed for both the polylactic acid and for the conjugates: no significant differences were observed, which suggests that the peptide moiety of the hybrid does not significantly affect the conformational tendencies of the polymer chain. Combined, our results provide a conformational exploration of two amyloid-forming peptides and first steps toward the design of two feasible self-aggregating hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Haspel
- UMass Boston, Department of Compuer Science, Boston, MA 02125 USA
| | - Adèle D. Laurent
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - David Zanuy
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Sud, Edifici C’, C/Pasqual i Vila s/n, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Guillem Revilla-López
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
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14
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Hamley IW. The Amyloid Beta Peptide: A Chemist’s Perspective. Role in Alzheimer’s and Fibrillization. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5147-92. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3000994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 670] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. W. Hamley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD,
U.K
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