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Ma J, Xie Q, Zhang Y, Xiao Q, Liu X, Qiao C, Tian Y. Advances in microfluidic technology for sperm screening and in vitro fertilization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3717-3735. [PMID: 38189916 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
About 18% of reproductive-age adults worldwide are affected by infertility. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are widely used assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) aimed at improving clinical outcomes. Efficient and noninvasive selection and isolation of highly motile sperm with intact DNA are essential for the success of IVF and ICSI and can potentially impact the therapeutic efficacy and the health of the offspring. Compared to traditional methods, microfluidic technology offers significant advantages such as low sample consumption, high efficiency, minimal damage, high integration, similar microenvironment, and high automation, providing a new platform for ARTs. Here, we review the current situation of microfluidic technology in the field of sperm motility screening and evaluation and IVF research. First, we focus on the working principle, structural design, and screening results of sperm selection microfluidic platforms. We then highlight how the multiple steps of the IVF process can be facilitated and integrated into a microfluidic chip, including oocyte capture, sperm collection and isolation, sperm sorting, fertilization, and embryo culture. Ultimately, we summarize how microfluidics can complement and optimize current sperm sorting and IVF protocols, and challenges and possible solutions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtong Ma
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Qianlin Xie
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Yusongjia Zhang
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Qirui Xiao
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110003, China.
| | - Chong Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110022, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China.
- Foshan Graduate School of Innovation, Northeastern University, Foshan, 528300, China.
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Wang S, Chen L, Fang J, Sun H. A compact, high-throughput semi-automated embryo vitrification system based on hydrogel. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103769. [PMID: 38492415 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the efficiency and efficacy of the novel Biorocks semi-automated vitrification system, which is based on a hydrogel? DESIGN This comparative experimental laboratory study used mouse model and human day 6 blastocysts. Mouse oocytes and embryos were quality assessed post-vitrification. RESULTS The Biorocks system successfully automated the solution exchanges during the vitrification process, achieving a significantly improved throughput of up to 36 embryos/oocytes per hour. Using hydrogel for cryoprotective agent delivery, 12 vessels could be processed simultaneously, fitting comfortably within an assisted reproductive technology (ART) workstation. In tests involving the cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos, the system yielded outcomes equivalent to the manual Cryotop method. For example, the survival rate for mouse oocytes was 98% with the Biorocks vitrification system (n = 46) and 95% for the manual Cryotop method (n = 39), of which 46% and 41%, respectively, progressed to blastocysts on day 5 after IVF. CC-grade day 6 human blastocysts processed with the Biorocks system (n = 39) were associated with a 92% 2 h re-expansion rate, equivalent to the 90% with Cryotop (n = 30). The cooling/warming rates achieved by the Biorocks system were 31,900°C/minute and 24,700°C/minute, respectively. Oocyte quality was comparable or better post-vitrification for Biorocks than Cryotop. CONCLUSIONS The Biorocks semi-automated vitrification system offers enhanced throughput without compromising the survival and developmental potential of oocytes and embryos. This innovative system may help to increase the efficiency and standardization of vitrification in ART clinics. Further investigations are needed to confirm its efficacy in a broader clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Junshun Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China..
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Yan J, Wu T, Zhang J, Gao Y, Wu JM, Wang S. Revolutionizing the female reproductive system research using microfluidic chip platform. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:490. [PMID: 38111049 PMCID: PMC10729361 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensively understanding the female reproductive system is crucial for safeguarding fertility and preventing diseases concerning women's health. With the capacity to simulate the intricate physio- and patho-conditions, and provide diagnostic platforms, microfluidic chips have fundamentally transformed the knowledge and management of female reproductive health, which will ultimately promote the development of more effective assisted reproductive technologies, treatments, and drug screening approaches. This review elucidates diverse microfluidic systems in mimicking the ovary, fallopian tube, uterus, placenta and cervix, and we delve into the culture of follicles and oocytes, gametes' manipulation, cryopreservation, and permeability especially. We investigate the role of microfluidics in endometriosis and hysteromyoma, and explore their applications in ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and cervical cancer. At last, the current status of assisted reproductive technology and integrated microfluidic devices are introduced briefly. Through delineating the multifarious advantages and challenges of the microfluidic technology, we chart a definitive course for future research in the woman health field. As the microfluidic technology continues to evolve and advance, it holds great promise for revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of female reproductive health issues, thus propelling us into a future where we can ultimately optimize the overall wellbeing and health of women everywhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ceramic Materials for Additive Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tong Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yueyue Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Ceramic Materials for Additive Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Shixuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ferraz MDAMM, Ferronato GDA. Opportunities involving microfluidics and 3D culture systems to the in vitro embryo production. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20230058. [PMID: 37638255 PMCID: PMC10449241 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional methods of gamete handling, fertilization, and embryo culture often face limitations in efficiency, consistency, and the ability to closely mimic in vivo conditions. This review explores the opportunities presented by microfluidic and 3D culture systems in overcoming these challenges and enhancing in vitro embryo production. We discuss the basic principles of microfluidics, emphasizing their inherent advantages such as precise control of fluid flow, reduced reagent consumption, and high-throughput capabilities. Furthermore, we delve into microfluidic devices designed for gamete manipulation, in vitro fertilization, and embryo culture, highlighting innovations such as droplet-based microfluidics and on-chip monitoring. Next, we explore the integration of 3D culture systems, including the use of biomimetic scaffolds and organ-on-a-chip platforms, with a particular focus on the oviduct-on-a-chip. Finally, we discuss the potential of these advanced systems to improve embryo production outcomes and advance our understanding of early embryo development. By leveraging the unique capabilities of microfluidics and 3D culture systems, we foresee significant advancements in the efficiency, effectiveness, and clinical success of in vitro embryo production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia de Almeida Monteiro Melo Ferraz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Giuliana de Avila Ferronato
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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5
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Abdullah KAL, Atazhanova T, Chavez-Badiola A, Shivhare SB. Automation in ART: Paving the Way for the Future of Infertility Treatment. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:1006-1016. [PMID: 35922741 PMCID: PMC10160149 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is estimated to account for the birth of more than nine million babies worldwide, perhaps making it one of the most intriguing as well as commoditised and industrialised modern medical interventions. Nevertheless, most IVF procedures are currently limited by accessibility, affordability and most importantly multistep, labour-intensive, technically challenging processes undertaken by skilled professionals. Therefore, in order to sustain the exponential demand for IVF on one hand, and streamline existing processes on the other, innovation is essential. This may not only effectively manage clinical time but also reduce cost, thereby increasing accessibility, affordability and efficiency. Recent years have seen a diverse range of technologies, some integrated with artificial intelligence, throughout the IVF pathway, which promise personalisation and, at least, partial automation in the not-so-distant future. This review aims to summarise the rapidly evolving state of these innovations in automation, with or without the integration of artificial intelligence, encompassing the patient treatment pathway, gamete/embryo selection, endometrial evaluation and cryopreservation of gametes/embryos. Additionally, it shall highlight the resulting prospective change in the role of IVF professionals and challenges of implementation of some of these technologies, thereby aiming to motivate continued research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadrina Abdul Latif Abdullah
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, England
| | - Tomiris Atazhanova
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, England
| | | | - Sourima Biswas Shivhare
- TFP Simply Fertility, W Hanningfield Rd, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, England.
- The Centre for Reproductive and Genetic Health, London, UK.
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Nath B, Caprini L, Maggi C, Zizzari A, Arima V, Viola I, Di Leonardo R, Puglisi A. A microfluidic method for passive trapping of sperms in microstructures. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:773-784. [PMID: 36723114 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00997h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sperm motility is a prerequisite for male fertility. Enhancing the concentration of motile sperms in assisted reproductive technologies - for human and animal reproduction - is typically achieved through aggressive methods such as centrifugation. Here, we propose a passive technique for the amplification of motile sperm concentration, with no externally imposed forces or flows. The technique is based on the disparity between probability rates, for motile cells, of entering and escaping from complex structures. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated in microfluidic experiments with microstructured devices, comparing the trapping power in different geometries. In these micro-traps, we observe an enhancement of cells' concentration close to 10, with a contrast between motile and non-motile cells increased by a similar factor. Simulations of suitable interacting model sperms in realistic geometries reproduce quantitatively the experimental results, extend the range of observations and highlight the components that are key to the optimal trap design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Nath
- ISC-CNR, Institute for Complex Systems, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar - 788010, Assam, India
| | - Lorenzo Caprini
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische Physik II - Soft Matter, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Claudio Maggi
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, c/o Dipt. di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zizzari
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Valentina Arima
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Ilenia Viola
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, c/o Dipt. di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Leonardo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, c/o Dipt. di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Puglisi
- ISC-CNR, Institute for Complex Systems, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
- INFN, Unità di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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7
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Fang Y, Wu R, Lee JM, Chan LHM, Chan KYJ. Microfluidic in-vitro fertilization technologies: Transforming the future of human reproduction. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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8
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Colombo M, Alkali IM, Luvoni GC. Microenvironment factors promoting the quality of vitrified cat oocytes. Theriogenology 2023; 196:275-283. [PMID: 36442286 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In oocyte cryopreservation programs, vitrification has overthrown conventional slow freezing both in veterinary and human medicine. In animals, its feasibility in field conditions makes it the preferred technique for the safeguard of genetic resources from zoo or wild animals, including threatened felids, for which the domestic cat is an excellent model. However, many cellular injuries, such as cytoskeleton, mitochondria and meiotic spindle alterations, DNA damage, zona pellucida hardening and cumulus cell loss, might occur following vitrification. After warming, although the exact mechanisms are still unclear, degeneration is a frequent outcome for cat vitrified oocytes. For immature (germinal vesicle) gametes, in vitro maturation after warming is a challenge, and cleavage after fertilization barely reaches 15-30%, while for mature (metaphase II) cryopreserved gametes it can get to 30-50%. Anyway, the progression to late embryos stages is often impaired, and improvements are needed. Standard cryopreservation protocol and the use of conventional in vitro culture systems after warming may not be enough for vitrified oocytes to recover and demonstrate their full developmental potential. Physical or chemical factors applied to oocytes undergoing vitrification, as an enrichment to the vitrification step, or to the culture microenvironment, could create more favorable conditions and promote vitrified oocyte survival and development. From the use of three-dimensional culture systems to the regulation of metabolic activities and cellular pathways, this review aims to explore all the possibilities employed so far, including the studies performed by our own lab, and the future perspectives, to present the most effective strategies for cat oocyte vitrification and the best time for their application (i.e., before, during, or after vitrification-warming).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Colombo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
| | - Isa Mohammed Alkali
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
| | - Gaia Cecilia Luvoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
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Khunmanee S, Park H. Three-Dimensional Culture for In Vitro Folliculogenesis in the Aspect of Methods and Materials. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:1242-1257. [PMID: 35822548 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In vitro ovarian follicle culture is a reproduction technique used to obtain fertilizable oocytes, for overcoming fertility issues due to premature ovarian failure. This requires the establishment of an in vitro culture model that is capable of better simulating the in vivo ovarian growth environment. Two-dimensional (2D) culture systems have been successfully set up in rodent models. However, they are not suitable for larger animal models as the follicles of larger animals cultured in 2D culture systems often lose their shape due to dysfunction in the gap junctions. Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems are more suitable for maintaining follicle architecture, and therefore are proposed for the successful in vitro culturing of follicles in various animal models. The role of different methods, scaffolds, and suspension cultures in supporting follicle development has been studied to provide direction for improving in vitro follicle culture technologies. The three major strategies for in vitro 3D follicle cultures are discussed in this article. First, the in vitro culture systems, such as microfluidics, hanging drop, hydrogels, and 3D-printing, are reviewed. We have focused on the 3D hydrogel system as it uses different materials for supporting follicular growth and oocyte maturation in several animal models and in humans. We have also discussed the criteria used for biomaterial evaluations such as solid concentration, elasticity, and rigidity. In addition, future research directions for advancing in vitro 3D follicle culture system are discussed. Impact statement A new frontier in assisted reproductive technology is in vitro tissue or follicle culture, particularly for fertility preservation. The in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture technique enhances follicular development and provides mature oocytes, overcoming the limitations of traditional in vitro two-dimensional cultures. Polymer biomaterials have good compatibility and retain the physiological structure of follicles in the 3D culture system. Utilizing hybrid in vitro culture materials by merging matrix, hydrogel, and unique patterned materials may facilitate follicular growth in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureerat Khunmanee
- Department of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- Department of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Olatunji O, More A. A Review of the Impact of Microfluidics Technology on Sperm Selection Technique. Cureus 2022; 14:e27369. [PMID: 36046322 PMCID: PMC9419845 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm sorting procedures depend on centrifugation processes. These processes produce oxidative stress and cell damage that are undesirable for in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) outcomes because they affect fertilization and implantation chances. The microfluidic sperm selection technique has shown promise in this area. It can create a platform for isolating and manipulating good-quality sperm cells using diverse triggers such as mechanical factors, chemical agents, and temperature gradients. Furthermore, microfluidic platforms can direct sperm cells for IVF or sperm sorting by utilizing an approach that is passive or active. In this review, we explain the use of microfluidics technologies for sorting and arranging sperm cells for different purposes. We also discuss the use of microfluidics technology in selecting and assessing sperm parameters and how it affects male infertility.
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Sun M, Zhou X, Quan Y, Zhang L, Xie Y. Highly flexible elastomer microfluidic chip for single cell manipulation. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:024104. [PMID: 35310421 PMCID: PMC8923708 DOI: 10.1063/5.0086717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
New materials and fabrication technologies have significantly boosted the development of lab-on-a-chip technologies and functionalities. In this work, we developed a highly flexible elastomer microfluidic chip with a microchannel with a minimum width of ∼5 μm manufactured by imprinting onto an SU-8 template. We found that the deformation induced in the microstructures by manual stretching of the chip is higher than that for the chip itself, which we attribute to the stress concentration of microstructures. Here, we demonstrate that the elastomer enables the manipulation of single cells, such as dynamic trapping-releasing operations, by simply stretching and releasing the elastomer chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yi Quan
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Lianbing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yanbo Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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Abstract
Increased demand for in vitro fertilization (IVF) due to socio-demographic trends, and supply facilitated by new technologies, converged to transform the way a substantial proportion of humans reproduce. The purpose of this article is to describe the societal and demographic trends driving increased worldwide demand for IVF, as well as to provide an overview of emerging technologies that promise to greatly expand IVF utilization and lower its cost.
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Francés-Herrero E, Lopez R, Hellström M, de Miguel-Gómez L, Herraiz S, Brännström M, Pellicer A, Cervelló I. OUP accepted manuscript. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 28:798-837. [PMID: 35652272 PMCID: PMC9629485 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To provide the optimal milieu for implantation and fetal development, the female reproductive system must orchestrate uterine dynamics with the appropriate hormones produced by the ovaries. Mature oocytes may be fertilized in the fallopian tubes, and the resulting zygote is transported toward the uterus, where it can implant and continue developing. The cervix acts as a physical barrier to protect the fetus throughout pregnancy, and the vagina acts as a birth canal (involving uterine and cervix mechanisms) and facilitates copulation. Fertility can be compromised by pathologies that affect any of these organs or processes, and therefore, being able to accurately model them or restore their function is of paramount importance in applied and translational research. However, innate differences in human and animal model reproductive tracts, and the static nature of 2D cell/tissue culture techniques, necessitate continued research and development of dynamic and more complex in vitro platforms, ex vivo approaches and in vivo therapies to study and support reproductive biology. To meet this need, bioengineering is propelling the research on female reproduction into a new dimension through a wide range of potential applications and preclinical models, and the burgeoning number and variety of studies makes for a rapidly changing state of the field. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review aims to summarize the mounting evidence on bioengineering strategies, platforms and therapies currently available and under development in the context of female reproductive medicine, in order to further understand female reproductive biology and provide new options for fertility restoration. Specifically, techniques used in, or for, the uterus (endometrium and myometrium), ovary, fallopian tubes, cervix and vagina will be discussed. SEARCH METHODS A systematic search of full-text articles available in PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published between January 2000 and September 2021. The search terms included: bioengineering, reproduction, artificial, biomaterial, microfluidic, bioprinting, organoid, hydrogel, scaffold, uterus, endometrium, ovary, fallopian tubes, oviduct, cervix, vagina, endometriosis, adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, chlamydia, Asherman’s syndrome, intrauterine adhesions, uterine polyps, polycystic ovary syndrome and primary ovarian insufficiency. Additional studies were identified by manually searching the references of the selected articles and of complementary reviews. Eligibility criteria included original, rigorous and accessible peer-reviewed work, published in English, on female reproductive bioengineering techniques in preclinical (in vitro/in vivo/ex vivo) and/or clinical testing phases. OUTCOMES Out of the 10 390 records identified, 312 studies were included for systematic review. Owing to inconsistencies in the study measurements and designs, the findings were assessed qualitatively rather than by meta-analysis. Hydrogels and scaffolds were commonly applied in various bioengineering-related studies of the female reproductive tract. Emerging technologies, such as organoids and bioprinting, offered personalized diagnoses and alternative treatment options, respectively. Promising microfluidic systems combining various bioengineering approaches have also shown translational value. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The complexity of the molecular, endocrine and tissue-level interactions regulating female reproduction present challenges for bioengineering approaches to replace female reproductive organs. However, interdisciplinary work is providing valuable insight into the physicochemical properties necessary for reproductive biological processes to occur. Defining the landscape of reproductive bioengineering technologies currently available and under development for women can provide alternative models for toxicology/drug testing, ex vivo fertility options, clinical therapies and a basis for future organ regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mats Hellström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lucía de Miguel-Gómez
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Fundación IVI, IVI-RMA Global, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sonia Herraiz
- Fundación IVI, IVI-RMA Global, Valencia, Spain
- Reproductive Medicine Research Group, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mats Brännström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Stockholm IVF-EUGIN, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Pellicer
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- IVI Roma Parioli, IVI-RMA Global, Rome, Italy
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Colombo M, Alkali IM, Prochowska S, Luvoni GC. Fighting Like Cats and Dogs: Challenges in Domestic Carnivore Oocyte Development and Promises of Innovative Culture Systems. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2135. [PMID: 34359262 PMCID: PMC8300176 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro embryo production in cats and dogs still presents some challenges, and it needs to be optimized to transfer efficient protocols to related wild, endangered species. While the chemical composition of culture media has been the focus of several studies, the importance of culture substrates for oocyte and embryo culture has often been neglected. Traditional in vitro systems, i.e., two-dimensional cultures, do not resemble the physiological environments where cells develop, and they may cause morphological and functional alterations to oocytes and embryos. More modern three-dimensional and microfluidic culture system better mimic the structure and the stimuli found in in vivo conditions, and they could better support the development of oocytes and embryos in vitro, as well as the maintenance of more physiological behaviors. This review describes the different culture systems tested for domestic carnivore reproductive cells along the years, and it summarizes their effects on cultured cells with the purpose of analyzing innovative options to improve in vitro embryo production outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Colombo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare “Carlo Cantoni”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (I.M.A.); (G.C.L.)
| | - Isa Mohammed Alkali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare “Carlo Cantoni”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (I.M.A.); (G.C.L.)
| | - Sylwia Prochowska
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Square 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Gaia Cecilia Luvoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare “Carlo Cantoni”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (I.M.A.); (G.C.L.)
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Abstract
Sperm selection is a clinical need for guided fertilization in men with low-quality semen. In this regard, microfluidics can provide an enabling platform for the precise manipulation and separation of high-quality sperm cells through applying various stimuli, including chemical agents, mechanical forces, and thermal gradients. In addition, microfluidic platforms can help to guide sperms and oocytes for controlled in vitro fertilization or sperm sorting using both passive and active methods. Herein, we present a detailed review of the use of various microfluidic methods for sorting and categorizing sperms for different applications. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are further discussed and future perspectives in the field are given.
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Ma Y, Gu M, Chen L, Shen H, Pan Y, Pang Y, Miao S, Tong R, Huang H, Zhu Y, Sun L. Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology. Theranostics 2021; 11:7391-7424. [PMID: 34158857 PMCID: PMC8210615 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The normal development and maturation of oocytes and sperm, the formation of fertilized ova, the implantation of early embryos, and the growth and development of foetuses are the biological basis of mammalian reproduction. Therefore, research on oocytes has always occupied a very important position in the life sciences and reproductive medicine fields. Various embryo engineering technologies for oocytes, early embryo formation and subsequent developmental stages and different target sites, such as gene editing, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technologies, have all been established and widely used in industrialization. However, as research continues to deepen and target species become more advanced, embryo engineering technology has also been developing in a more complex and sophisticated direction. At the same time, the success rate also shows a declining trend, resulting in an extension of the research and development cycle and rising costs. By studying the existing embryo engineering technology process, we discovered three critical nodes that have the greatest impact on the development of oocytes and early embryos, namely, oocyte micromanipulation, oocyte electrical activation/reconstructed embryo electrofusion, and the in vitro culture of early embryos. This article mainly demonstrates the efforts made by researchers in the relevant technologies of these three critical nodes from an engineering perspective, analyses the shortcomings of the current technology, and proposes a plan and prospects for the development of embryo engineering technology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Ma
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mingwei Gu
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liguo Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Shen
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Pang
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sheng Miao
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruiqing Tong
- Cardiology, Dushuhu Public Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Haibo Huang
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lining Sun
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics & Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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18
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Sequeira RC, Criswell T, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Microfluidic Systems for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Advantages and Potential Applications. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:787-800. [PMID: 33237567 PMCID: PMC7710813 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic technologies have emerged as a powerful tool that can closely replicate the in-vivo physiological conditions of organ systems. Assisted reproductive technology (ART), while being able to achieve successful outcomes, still faces challenges related to technical error, efficiency, cost, and monitoring/assessment. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the uses of microfluidic devices in the culture, maintenance and study of ovarian follicle development for experimental and therapeutic applications. We discuss existing microfluidic platforms for oocyte and sperm selection and maintenance, facilitation of fertilization by in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplastimc sperm injection, and monitoring, selection and maintenance of resulting embryos. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of future integration of these technologies onto a single platform and the limitations facing the development of these systems. In spite of these challenges, we envision that microfluidic systems will likely evolve and inevitably revolutionize both fundamental, reproductive physiology/toxicology research as well as clinically applicable ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel C Sequeira
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Tracy Criswell
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Using a Dielectrophoretic Microfluidic Biochip Enhanced Fertilization of Mouse Embryo in Vitro. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11080714. [PMID: 32717960 PMCID: PMC7464277 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics has appealed to many interests for its capability to epitomize cells in a microscale environment and it is also a forceful technique for high-throughput single-cell epitomization. A dielectrophoretic microfluidic system imitates the oviduct of mammals with a microchannel to achieve fertilization in vitro (IVF) of an imprinting control-region (ICR) mouse. We applied a microfluidic chip and a positive dielectrophoretic (p-DEP) force to capture and to screen the sperm for the purpose of manipulating the oocyte. The p-DEP responses of the oocyte and sperm were exhibited under applied bias conditions (waveform AC 10 Vpp, 1 MHz) for trapping 1 min. The insemination concentration of sperm nearby the oocyte was increased to enhance the probability of natural fertilization through the p-DEP force trapping. A simulation tool (CFDRC-ACE+) was used to simulate and to analyze the distribution of the electric field. The DEP microfluidic devices were fabricated using poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and ITO (indium tin oxide)-glass with electrodes. We discuss the requirement of sperm in a DEP microfluidic chip at varied concentrations to enhance the future rate of fertilization in vitro for an oligozoospermia patient. The result indicates that the rate of fertility in our device is 17.2 ± 7.5% (n = 30) at about 3000 sperms, compatible with traditional droplet-based IVF, which is 14.2 ± 7.5% (n = 28).
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Ai X, Wu Y, Lu W, Zhang X, Zhao L, Tu P, Wang K, Jiang Y. A Precise Microfluidic Assay in Single-Cell Profile for Screening of Transient Receptor Potential Channel Modulators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000111. [PMID: 32537418 PMCID: PMC7284206 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are emerging drug targets, and TRP channel modulators possess therapeutic potential for many indications. However, there is a lack of intellectual and robust screening assays against TRP channels utilizing the least amount of compounds. Here, a precise microfluidic assay in single-cell profile is developed for the screening of TRP channel modulators. The geometrically optimized microchip is designed for both trapping single cells and utilizing passive pumping for sequential media replacement with low shear stress. The microfluidic chip exhibits superior performance in screening, repeatable compound administration, and improved reproducibility. Using this screening platform, the false-positive and negative rate of the commonly used Ca2+ imaging is reduced from 76.2% to 4.8% and four coumarin derivatives isolated from Murraya species that inhibit TRP channels are identified. One coumarin derivative B-304 reverses TRPA1-mediated inflammatory pain in vivo. Taken together, the data demonstrate that the established microfluidic assay in single-cell profile could be used for the screening of TRP channel modulators that may have therapeutic potential for the channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
- Department of PharmacologyQingdao University School of Pharmacy38 Dengzhou RoadQingdao266021China
| | - Wenbo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
- Department of PharmacologyQingdao University School of Pharmacy38 Dengzhou RoadQingdao266021China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of PharmacologyQingdao University School of Pharmacy38 Dengzhou RoadQingdao266021China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
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21
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Thiriet PE, Pezoldt J, Gambardella G, Keim K, Deplancke B, Guiducci C. Selective Retrieval of Individual Cells from Microfluidic Arrays Combining Dielectrophoretic Force and Directed Hydrodynamic Flow. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11030322. [PMID: 32244902 PMCID: PMC7143322 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic-based microfluidic platforms enable single-cell arraying and analysis over time. Despite the advantages of established microfluidic systems, long-term analysis and proliferation of cells selected in such devices require off-chip recovery of cells as well as an investigation of on-chip analysis on cell phenotype, requirements still largely unmet. Here, we introduce a device for single-cell isolation, selective retrieval and off-chip recovery. To this end, singularly addressable three-dimensional electrodes are embedded within a microfluidic channel, allowing the selective release of single cells from their trapping site through application of a negative dielectrophoretic (DEP) force. Selective capture and release are carried out in standard culture medium and cells can be subsequently mitigated towards a recovery well using micro-engineered hybrid SU-8/PDMS pneumatic valves. Importantly, transcriptional analysis of recovered cells revealed only marginal alteration of their molecular profile upon DEP application, underscored by minor transcriptional changes induced upon injection into the microfluidic device. Therefore, the established microfluidic system combining targeted DEP manipulation with downstream hydrodynamic coordination of single cells provides a powerful means to handle and manipulate individual cells within one device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Thiriet
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-216-931-345
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (J.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Gabriele Gambardella
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
| | - Kevin Keim
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (J.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Carlotta Guiducci
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
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Colucci F, McKeegan P, Picton HM, Pensabene V. Mouse embryo assay to evaluate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) embryo-toxicity .. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2019; 2018:4484-4487. [PMID: 30441347 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In vitro embryo culture to support In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) procedures is a well-established but still critical technique. In the last decade first attempts to use microfluidic devices in IVF have shown positive results, enabling to control the culture conditions and to preserve the quality of the embryos during their development. In this study we completed an industry standard mouse embryo assay (MEA) to exclude potential toxic effects of PDMS.
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Li H, Garner T, Diaz F, Wong PK. A Multiwell Microfluidic Device for Analyzing and Screening Nonhormonal Contraceptive Agents. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901910. [PMID: 31162807 PMCID: PMC8996375 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Birth control and family planning play pivotal roles in the economic growth and reduction of maternal, infant, and child mortality. Current contraceptives, such as hormonal agents and intrauterine devices, target only a small subset of reproductive processes and can have serious side effects on the health of women. To develop novel contraceptive agents, a scalable microfluidic device is established for analyzing and screening the effects of potential contraceptive agents on the maturation of the cumulus-oocyte complex. The microfluidic device performs on-chip incubation for studying oocyte maturation and cumulus expansion and isolates the microwells by oil-water interfaces to avoid crosstalk between the wells. A filter membrane is incorporated in the device to simplify incubation, medium exchange, washing, and fluorescence staining of oocytes. Cumulus expansion can be monitored directly in the device and oocyte maturation can be examined after enzymatic removal of cumulus cells and on-chip fluorescence staining. The performance of the device is evaluated by studying the influence of three drugs known to block oocyte maturation and/or cumulus expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 517 CBEB Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Tyler Garner
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, 335 ASI Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Francisco Diaz
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, 335 ASI Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Pak Kin Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 517 CBEB Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Weng L. IVF-on-a-Chip: Recent Advances in Microfluidics Technology for In Vitro Fertilization. SLAS Technol 2019; 24:373-385. [PMID: 31145861 DOI: 10.1177/2472630319851765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In vitro fertilization (IVF) has been one of the most exciting modern medical technologies. It has transformed the landscape of human infertility treatment. However, current IVF procedures still provide limited accessibility and affordability to most infertile couples because of the multiple cumbersome processes and heavy dependence on technically skilled personnel. Microfluidics technology offers unique opportunities to automate IVF procedures, reduce stress imposed upon gametes and embryos, and minimize the operator-to-operator variability. This article describes the rapidly evolving state of the application of microfluidics technology in the field of IVF, summarizes the diverse angles of how microfluidics has been complementing or transforming current IVF protocols, and discusses the challenges that motivate continued innovation in this field.
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Microfluidic Devices for Gamete Processing and Analysis, Fertilization and Embryo Culture and Characterization. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6229-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Weng L, Lee GY, Liu J, Kapur R, Toth TL, Toner M. On-chip oocyte denudation from cumulus-oocyte complexes for assisted reproductive therapy. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:3892-3902. [PMID: 30465050 PMCID: PMC6335650 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01075g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Human infertility can be treated using assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). But current ART techniques suffer from multiple cumbersome processes requiring technically skilled personnel. Microfluidics technologies offer unique opportunities to streamline ART procedures, reduce stress imposed upon gametes and embryos, and minimize the operator-to-operator variability. However, there have been no automated and continuous processing systems that can reduce the dependence on well-trained embryologists to obtain ICSI-ready oocytes from patients. In this study, using mouse models, we developed a microfluidic device to denude oocytes from the surrounding cumulus-corona cell mass, facilitating the evaluation of oocyte quality and the injection of sperm. Enzyme-treated cumulus-oocyte complexes pass through a series of jagged-surface constriction microchannels of optimized geometries. The jagged inner wall of constriction channels facilitates stripping off of the cumulus-corona cell mass. Oocytes that were denuded by the device showed comparable fertilization and developmental competence compared with mechanical pipetting. The device developed in this study achieves the automation of a manual process for oocyte denudation in a continuous flow, as well as improving standardization and ease-of-use. Our denudation-on-a-chip approach requires inexpensive and simple equipment, which represents one step forward towards improving the accessibility and affordability of assisted reproductive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindong Weng
- BioMEMS Resource Center, The Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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Abstract
A micro-level technique so-called “microfluidic technology or simply microfluidic” has gained a special place as a powerful tool in bioengineering and biomedical engineering research due to its core advantages in modern science and engineering. Microfluidic technology has played a substantial role in numerous applications with special reference to bioscience, biomedical and biotechnological research. It has facilitated noteworthy development in various sectors of bio-research and upsurges the efficacy of research at the molecular level, in recent years. Microfluidic technology can manipulate sample volumes with precise control outside cellular microenvironment, at micro-level. Thus, enable the reduction of discrepancies between in vivo and in vitro environments and reduce the overall reaction time and cost. In this review, we discuss various integrations of microfluidic technologies into biotechnology and its paradigmatic significance in bio-research, supporting mechanical and chemical in vitro cellular microenvironment. Furthermore, specific innovations related to the application of microfluidics to advance microbial life, solitary and co-cultures along with a multiple-type cell culturing, cellular communications, cellular interactions, and population dynamics are also discussed.
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Drug screening of biopsy-derived spheroids using a self-generated microfluidic concentration gradient. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14672. [PMID: 30279484 PMCID: PMC6168499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing drug screening of tissue derived from cancer patient biopsies using physiologically relevant 3D tumour models presents challenges due to the limited amount of available cell material. Here, we present a microfluidic platform that enables drug screening of cancer cell-enriched multicellular spheroids derived from tumour biopsies, allowing extensive anticancer compound screening prior to treatment. This technology was validated using cell lines and then used to screen primary human prostate cancer cells, grown in 3D as a heterogeneous culture from biopsy-derived tissue. The technology enabled the formation of repeatable drug concentration gradients across an array of spheroids without external fluid actuation, delivering simultaneously a range of drug concentrations to multiple sized spheroids, as well as replicates for each concentration. As proof-of-concept screening, spheroids were generated from two patient biopsies and a panel of standard-of-care compounds for prostate cancer were tested. Brightfield and fluorescence images were analysed to provide readouts of spheroid growth and health, as well as drug efficacy over time. Overall, this technology could prove a useful tool for personalised medicine and future drug development, with the potential to provide cost- and time-reduction in the healthcare delivery.
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Kashaninejad N, Shiddiky MJA, Nguyen N. Advances in Microfluidics‐Based Assisted Reproductive Technology: From Sperm Sorter to Reproductive System‐on‐a‐Chip. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Navid Kashaninejad
- Queensland Micro‐ and Nanotechnology Centre Nathan Campus Griffith University 170 Kessels Road Brisbane QLD 4111 Australia
| | | | - Nam‐Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro‐ and Nanotechnology Centre Nathan Campus Griffith University 170 Kessels Road Brisbane QLD 4111 Australia
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Smith GD, Takayama S. Application of microfluidic technologies to human assisted reproduction. Mol Hum Reprod 2017; 23:257-268. [PMID: 28130394 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics can be considered both a science and a technology. It is defined as the study of fluid behavior at a sub-microliter level and the investigation into its application to cell biology, chemistry, genetics, molecular biology and medicine. There are at least two characteristics of microfluidics, mechanical and biochemical, which can be influential in the field of mammalian gamete and preimplantation embryo biology. These microfluidic characteristics can assist in basic biological studies on sperm, oocyte and preimplantation embryo structure, function and environment. The mechanical and biochemical characteristics of microfluidics may also have practical and/or technical application(s) to assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in rodents, domestic species, endangered species and humans. This review will consider data in mammals, and when available humans, addressing the potential application(s) of microfluidics to assisted reproduction. There are numerous sequential steps in the clinical assisted reproductive laboratory process that work, yet could be improved. Cause and effect relations of procedural inefficiencies can be difficult to identify and/or remedy. Data will be presented that consider microfluidic applications to sperm isolation, oocyte cumulus complex isolation, oocyte denuding, oocyte mechanical manipulation, conventional insemination, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, embryo culture, embryo analysis and oocyte and embryo cryopreservation. While these studies have progressed in animal models, data with human gametes and embryos are significantly lacking. These data from clinical trials are requisite for making future evidence-based decisions regarding the application of microfluidics in human ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Smith
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Physiology and Urology, University of Michigan, 6428 Medical Sciences I, 1301 E Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1649, USA
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Luo ZY, Bai BF. Off-center motion of a trapped elastic capsule in a microfluidic channel with a narrow constriction. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:8281-8292. [PMID: 29071316 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01425b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their significance in capsule-related engineering and biomedical applications, a number of studies have considered the dynamics of elastic capsules flowing in constricted microchannels. However, these studies have focused on capsules moving along the channel centerline. In the present study, we numerically investigate the transient motion of an elastic capsule in a microfluidic channel with a rectangular constriction, which is initially trapped at the constriction inlet while off the channel centerline (i.e., on the channel bottom-wall). Under the push of the surrounding flow, the capsule can squeeze into the constriction, but only if the capsule deformability or the constriction size is sufficiently large. We find that the critical capillary number leading to the penetration of the capsule into the constriction is larger for off-centerline capsules compared to centered capsules. The centered capsule is stationary at the steady state when it remains stuck at the constriction; in contrast, the off-centerline capsule is not stationary but exhibits a tank-treading motion, i.e., its overall shape maintains a nonspherical shape with a protrusion into the constriction while its membrane exhibits a continuous rotation. Further, we examine the dependence of the capsule motion type, capsule deformation degree and membrane tension distribution on the capillary number (measuring the effects of flow strength and membrane mechanics) and constriction geometries (including the constriction height and width). Finally, we discuss the mechanism governing the capsule motion by analyzing the hydrodynamic forces acting on the capsule. The shear force acting on the capsule top owing to the fluid flow in the gap between the capsule top and the channel top-wall is the main source inducing the membrane tank-treading rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
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Zhao G, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Niu D, Cao Y, He X. A microfluidic perfusion approach for on-chip characterization of the transport properties of human oocytes. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1297-1305. [PMID: 28244515 PMCID: PMC5399771 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01532h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Accurate characterization of the cell membrane transport properties of human oocytes is of great significance to reproductive pharmacology, fertility preservation, and assisted reproduction. However, the commonly used manual method for quantifying the transport properties is associated with uncontrolled operator-to-operator and run-to-run variability. Here, we report a novel sandwich structured microfluidic device that can be readily fabricated for characterizing oocyte membrane transport properties. Owing to its capacity for excellent control of both solution replacement and temperature in the microchannel, the temperature-dependent permeability of the oocyte membrane can be precisely characterized. Furthermore, the fertilization and developmental competence analysis post perfusion indicate that our approach does not compromise the physiological function of in vitro matured human oocytes. Collectively, we present the development of a novel sandwich structured microfluidic device based approach that allows on-chip characterization of the transport properties of human oocytes under innocuous osmotic shock or injury to the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Yuntian Zhang
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Zhongrong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Dan Niu
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Zhao G, Fu J. Microfluidics for cryopreservation. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:323-336. [PMID: 28153517 PMCID: PMC6236673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation has utility in clinical and scientific research but implementation is highly complex and includes labor-intensive cell-specific protocols for the addition/removal of cryoprotective agents and freeze-thaw cycles. Microfluidic platforms can revolutionize cryopreservation by providing new tools to manipulate and screen cells at micro/nano scales, which are presently difficult or impossible with conventional bulk approaches. This review describes applications of microfluidic tools in cell manipulation, cryoprotective agent exposure, programmed freezing/thawing, vitrification, and in situ assessment in cryopreservation, and discusses achievements and challenges, providing perspectives for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Le Gac S, Nordhoff V. Microfluidics for mammalian embryo culture and selection: where do we stand now? Mol Hum Reprod 2016; 23:213-226. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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36
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Application of microfluidic technologies to the quantification and manipulation of sperm. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Nosrati R, Gong MM, San Gabriel MC, Pedraza CE, Zini A, Sinton D. Paper-Based Quantification of Male Fertility Potential. Clin Chem 2016; 62:458-65. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.250282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
More than 70 million couples worldwide are affected by infertility, with male-factor infertility accounting for about half of the cases. Semen analysis is critical for determining male fertility potential, but conventional testing is costly and complex. Here, we demonstrate a paper-based microfluidic approach to quantify male fertility potential, simultaneously measuring 3 critical semen parameters in 10 min: live and motile sperm concentrations and sperm motility.
METHODS
The device measures the colorimetric change of yellow tetrazolium dye to purple formazan by the diaphorase flavoprotein enzyme present in metabolically active human sperm to quantify live and motile sperm concentration. Sperm motility was determined as the ratio of motile to live sperm. We assessed the performance of the device by use of clinical semen samples, in parallel with standard clinical approaches.
RESULTS
Detection limits of 8.46 and 15.18 million/mL were achieved for live and motile sperm concentrations, respectively. The live and motile sperm concentrations and motility values from our device correlated with those of the standard clinical approaches (R2 ≥ 0.84). In all cases, our device provided 100% agreement in terms of clinical outcome. The device was also robust and could tolerate conditions of high absolute humidity (22.8 g/m3) up to 16 weeks when packaged with desiccant.
CONCLUSIONS
Our device outperforms existing commercial paper-based assays by quantitatively measuring live and motile sperm concentrations and motility, in only 10 min. This approach is applicable to current clinical practices as well as self-diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Max M Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria C San Gabriel
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University and Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudio E Pedraza
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University and Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Armand Zini
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University and Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Luo Z, Guven S, Gozen I, Chen P, Tasoglu S, Anchan RM, Bai B, Demirci U. Deformation of a single mouse oocyte in a constricted microfluidic channel. MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS 2015; 19:883-890. [PMID: 26696793 PMCID: PMC4684828 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-015-1614-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Single oocyte manipulation in microfluidic channels via precisely controlled flow is critical in microfluidic-based in vitro fertilization. Such systems can potentially minimize the number of transfer steps among containers for rinsing as often performed during conventional in vitro fertilization and can standardize protocols by minimizing manual handling steps. To study shape deformation of oocytes under shear flow and its subsequent impact on their spindle structure is essential for designing microfluidics for in vitro fertilization. Here, we developed a simple yet powerful approach to (i) trap a single oocyte and induce its deformation through a constricted microfluidic channel, (ii) quantify oocyte deformation in real-time using a conventional microscope, and (iii) retrieve the oocyte from the microfluidic device to evaluate changes in their spindle structures. We found that oocytes can be significantly deformed under high flow rates, e.g., 10 μl/min in a constricted channel with a width and height of 50 and 150 μm, respectively. Oocyte spindles can be severely damaged, as shown here by immunocytochemistry staining of the microtubules and chromosomes. The present approach can be useful to investigate underlying mechanisms of oocyte deformation exposed to well-controlled shear stresses in microfluidic channels, which enables a broad range of applications for reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhengYuan Luo
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02139, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Sinan Guven
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02139, USA
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center for Early Cancer Detection, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Irep Gozen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Pu Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02139, USA
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center for Early Cancer Detection, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Raymond M Anchan
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - BoFeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, 02139, USA
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Lab, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Canary Center for Early Cancer Detection, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
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Eamer L, Nosrati R, Vollmer M, Zini A, Sinton D. Microfluidic assessment of swimming media for motility-based sperm selection. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:044113. [PMID: 26339314 PMCID: PMC4529441 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Selection medium is important in sperm isolation for assisted reproductive technologies. Contrary to the naturally occurring human cervical mucus which has a high viscosity, most current practices for motility based sperm selection use a low viscosity medium. In this study, we used a microfluidic device to assess the effects of high viscosity media made with hyaluronic acid (HA) and methyl cellulose (MC) on bovine and human sperm motility and viability (sperm transferred directly from cryoprotectant). The microfluidic penetration test, viability, and motility were compared for sperm swimming in both HA and MC media with about 20cp viscosity (measured at 20 °C). Our resulted indicate that MC medium resulted in a significantly higher number of viable bovine sperm penetrating the medium as compared to HA. Furthermore, MC resulted in the selection of a sperm subpopulation with a 274% increase in sperm viability in comparison to the raw semen, while HA increased viability by only 133%. In addition to viability, bovine sperm motility parameters were significantly higher in the MC medium as compared with HA. Experiments with human sperm swimming in MC indicate that sperm swim slower and straighter at higher viscosities. In conclusion, the results indicate that in a micro-confined environment representative of the in vivo environment, MC is a preferred high viscosity medium to ensure the highest concentration of motile and viable sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Eamer
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Marion Vollmer
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Armand Zini
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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Huang HY, Shen HH, Tien CH, Li CJ, Fan SK, Liu CH, Hsu WS, Yao DJ. Digital Microfluidic Dynamic Culture of Mammalian Embryos on an Electrowetting on Dielectric (EWOD) Chip. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124196. [PMID: 25933003 PMCID: PMC4416819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Current human fertilization in vitro (IVF) bypasses the female oviduct and manually inseminates, fertilizes and cultivates embryos in a static microdrop containing appropriate chemical compounds. A microfluidic microchannel system for IVF is considered to provide an improved in-vivo-mimicking environment to enhance the development in a culture system for an embryo before implantation. We demonstrate a novel digitalized microfluidic device powered with electrowetting on a dielectric (EWOD) to culture an embryo in vitro in a single droplet in a microfluidic environment to mimic the environment in vivo for development of the embryo and to culture the embryos with good development and live births. Our results show that the dynamic culture powered with EWOD can manipulate a single droplet containing one mouse embryo and culture to the blastocyst stage. The rate of embryo cleavage to a hatching blastocyst with a dynamic culture is significantly greater than that with a traditional static culture (p<0.05). The EWOD chip enhances the culture of mouse embryos in a dynamic environment. To test the reproductive outcome of the embryos collected from an EWOD chip as a culture system, we transferred embryos to pseudo-pregnant female mice and produced live births. These results demonstrate that an EWOD-based microfluidic device is capable of culturing mammalian embryos in a microfluidic biological manner, presaging future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yuan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung University and College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Hua Shen
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Tien
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Jung Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kang Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Liu
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Syang Hsu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Da-Jeng Yao
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Huang HY, Huang YH, Kao WL, Yao DJ. Embryo formation from low sperm concentration by using dielectrophoretic force. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:022404. [PMID: 25825615 PMCID: PMC4376752 DOI: 10.1063/1.4915612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A biochip system imitates the oviduct of mammals with a microfluidic channel to achieve fertilization in vitro of imprinting-control-region (ICR) mice. We apply a method to manipulate and to position the oocyte and the sperm of ICR mice at the same time in our microfluidic channel with a positive dielectrophoretic (DEP) force. The positive dielectrophoretic response of the oocyte and sperm was exhibited under applied bias conditions AC 10 Vpp waveform, 1 MHz, 10 min. With this method, the concentration of sperm in the vicinity of the oocyte was increased and enhanced the probability of natural fertilization. We used commercial numerical software (CFDRC-ACE+) to simulate the square of the electric field and analyzed the location at which the oocyte and sperm are trapped. The microfluidic devices were designed and fabricated with poly(dimethylsiloxane). The results of our experiments indicate that a positive DEP served to drive the position of the oocyte and the sperm to natural fertilization (average rate of fertilization 51.58%) in our microchannel structures at insemination concentration 1.5 × 10(6) sperm ml(-1). Embryos were cultured to two cells after 24 h and four cells after 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Kao
- Institute of Power Mechanical and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Chung YH, Hsiao YH, Kao WL, Hsu CH, Yao DJ, Chen C. Microwells support high-resolution time-lapse imaging and development of preimplanted mouse embryos. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:022407. [PMID: 26015830 PMCID: PMC4417014 DOI: 10.1063/1.4918642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A vital aspect affecting the success rate of in vitro fertilization is the culture environment of the embryo. However, what is not yet comprehensively understood is the affect the biochemical, physical, and genetic requirements have over the dynamic development of human or mouse preimplantation embryos. The conventional microdrop technique often cultures embryos in groups, which limits the investigation of the microenvironment of embryos. We report an open microwell platform, which enables micropipette manipulation and culture of embryos in defined sub-microliter volumes without valves. The fluidic environment of each microwell is secluded from others by layering oil on top, allowing for non-invasive, high-resolution time-lapse microscopy, and data collection from each individual embryo without confounding factors. We have successfully cultured mouse embryos from the two-cell stage to completely hatched blastocysts inside microwells with an 89% success rate (n = 64), which is comparable to the success rate of the contemporary practice. Development timings of mouse embryos that developed into blastocysts are statistically different to those of embryos that failed to form blastocysts (p-value < 10(-10), two-tailed Student's t-test) and are robust indicators of the competence of the embryo to form a blastocyst in vitro with 94% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Embryos at the cleavage- or blastocyst-stage following the normal development timings were selected and transferred to the uteri of surrogate female mice. Fifteen of twenty-two (68%) blastocysts and four of ten (40%) embryos successfully developed into normal baby mice following embryo transfer. This microwell platform, which supports the development of preimplanted embryos and is low-cost, easy to fabricate and operate, we believe, opens opportunities for a wide range of applications in reproductive medicine and cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Chung
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University , 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Hsiao
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University , 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Kao
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University , 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes , 35053 Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Da-Jeng Yao
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University , 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chihchen Chen
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University , 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Kieslinger DC, Hao Z, Vergouw CG, Kostelijk EH, Lambalk CB, Le Gac S. In vitro development of donated frozen-thawed human embryos in a prototype static microfluidic device: a randomized controlled trial. Fertil Steril 2015; 103:680-6.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Angione SL, Oulhen N, Brayboy LM, Tripathi A, Wessel GM. Simple perfusion apparatus for manipulation, tracking, and study of oocytes and embryos. Fertil Steril 2014; 103:281-90.e5. [PMID: 25450296 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and implement a device and protocol for oocyte analysis at a single cell level. The device must be capable of high resolution imaging, temperature control, perfusion of media, drugs, sperm, and immunolabeling reagents all at defined flow rates. Each oocyte and resultant embryo must remain spatially separated and defined. DESIGN Experimental laboratory study. SETTING University and academic center for reproductive medicine. PATIENT(S)/ANIMAL(S) Women with eggs retrieved for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles, adult female FVBN and B6C3F1 mouse strains, sea stars. INTERVENTION(S) Real-time, longitudinal imaging of oocytes after fluorescent labeling, insemination, and viability tests. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Cell and embryo viability, immunolabeling efficiency, live cell endocytosis quantification, precise metrics of fertilization, and embryonic development. RESULT(S) Single oocytes were longitudinally imaged after significant changes in media, markers, endocytosis quantification, and development, all with supreme control by microfluidics. Cells remained viable, enclosed, and separate for precision measurements, repeatability, and imaging. CONCLUSION(S) We engineered a simple device to load, visualize, experiment, and effectively record individual oocytes and embryos without loss of cells. Prolonged incubation capabilities provide longitudinal studies without need for transfer and potential loss of cells. This simple perfusion apparatus provides for careful, precise, and flexible handling of precious samples facilitating clinical IVF approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Angione
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nathalie Oulhen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Lynae M Brayboy
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Anubhav Tripathi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gary M Wessel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
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Tung CK, Ardon F, Fiore A, Suarez SS, Wu M. Cooperative roles of biological flow and surface topography in guiding sperm migration revealed by a microfluidic model. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:1348-56. [PMID: 24535032 PMCID: PMC4497544 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc51297e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Successful reproduction in mammals requires sperm to swim against a fluid flow and through the long and complex female reproductive tract before reaching the egg in the oviduct. Millions of them do not make it. Despite their clinical importance, the roles played in sperm migration by the diverse biophysical and biochemical microenvironments within the reproductive tract are largely unknown. In this article, we present the development of a double layer microfluidic device that recreates two important biophysical environments within the female reproductive tract: fluid flow and surface topography. The unique feature of the device is that it enables one to study the cooperative roles of fluid flow and surface topography in guiding sperm migration. Using bull sperm as a model system, we found that microfluidic grooves embedded on a channel surface facilitate sperm migration against fluid flow. These findings suggest ways to design in vitro fertilization devices to treat infertility and to develop non-invasive contraceptives that use a microarchitectural design to entrap sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-kuan Tung
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Florencia Ardon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alyssa Fiore
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Susan S. Suarez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mingming Wu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Absalón-Medina VA, Butler WR, Gilbert RO. Preimplantation embryo metabolism and culture systems: experience from domestic animals and clinical implications. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:393-409. [PMID: 24682781 PMCID: PMC3969471 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advantages of in vitro embryo production in many species, widespread use of this technology is limited by generally lower developmental competence of in vitro derived embryos compared to in vivo counterparts. Regardless, in vivo or in vitro gametes and embryos face and must adjust to multiple microenvironments especially at preimplantation stages. Moreover, the embryo has to be able to further adapt to environmental cues in utero to result in the birth of live and healthy offspring. Enormous strides have been made in understanding and meeting stage-specific requirements of preimplantation embryos, but interpretation of the data is made difficult due to the complexity of the wide array of culture systems and the remarkable plasticity of developing embryos that seem able to develop under a variety of conditions. Nevertheless, a primary objective remains meeting, as closely as possible, the preimplantation embryo requirements as provided in vivo. In general, oocytes and embryos develop more satisfactorily when cultured in groups. However, optimization of individual culture of oocytes and embryos is an important goal and area of intensive current research for both animal and human clinical application. Successful culture of individual embryos is of primary importance in order to avoid ovarian superstimulation and the associated physiological and psychological disadvantages for patients. This review emphasizes stage specific shifts in embryo metabolism and requirements and research to optimize in vitro embryo culture conditions and supplementation, with a view to optimizing embryo culture in general, and culture of single embryos in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A. Absalón-Medina
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - W. R. Butler
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - R. O. Gilbert
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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Li Z, Liu W, Qiu T, Xie L, Chen W, Liu R, Lu Y, Mitchelson K, Wang J, Qiao J, Cheng J. The construction of an interfacial valve-based microfluidic chip for thermotaxis evaluation of human sperm. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:024102. [PMID: 24803958 PMCID: PMC3987097 DOI: 10.1063/1.4866851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thermotaxis has been demonstrated to be an important criterion for sperm evaluation, yet clinical assessment of thermotaxis capacity is currently lacking. In this article, the on-chip thermotaxis evaluation of human sperm is presented for the first time using an interfacial valve-facilitated microfluidic device. The temperature gradient was established and accurately controlled by an external temperature gradient control system. The temperature gradient responsive sperm population was enriched into one of the branch channels with higher temperature setting and the non-responsive ones were evenly distributed into the two branch channels. We employed air-liquid interfacial valves to ensure stable isolation of the two branches, facilitating convenient manipulation of the entrapped sperm. With this device, thermotactic responses were observed in 5.7%-10.6% of the motile sperm moving through four temperature ranges (34.0-35.3 °C, 35.0-36.3 °C, 36.0-37.3 °C, and 37.0-38.3 °C, respectively). In conclusion, we have developed a new method for high throughput clinical evaluation of sperm thermotaxis and this method may allow other researchers to derive better IVF procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weiran Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Tian Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lan Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Keith Mitchelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center of Reproduction Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China ; National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 18 Life Science Parkway, Beijing 102206, China ; The State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Gregory C, Veeman M. 3D-printed microwell arrays for Ciona microinjection and timelapse imaging. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82307. [PMID: 24324769 PMCID: PMC3855702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascidians such as Ciona are close chordate relatives of the vertebrates with small, simple embryonic body plans and small, simple genomes. The tractable size of the embryo offers considerable advantages for in toto imaging and quantitative analysis of morphogenesis. For functional studies, Ciona eggs are considerably more challenging to microinject than the much larger eggs of other model organisms such as zebrafish and Xenopus. One of the key difficulties is in restraining the eggs so that the microinjection needle can be easily introduced and withdrawn. Here we develop and test a device to cast wells in agarose that are each sized to hold a single egg. This injection mold is fabricated by micro-resolution stereolithography with a grid of egg-sized posts that cast corresponding wells in agarose. This 3D printing technology allows the rapid and inexpensive testing of iteratively refined prototypes. In addition to their utility in microinjection, these grids of embryo-sized wells are also valuable for timelapse imaging of multiple embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clint Gregory
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Michael Veeman
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sunde A, Balaban B. The assisted reproductive technology laboratory: toward evidence-based practice? Fertil Steril 2013; 100:310-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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50
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Chen CY, Chiang TC, Lin CM, Lin SS, Jong DS, Tsai VFS, Hsieh JT, Wo AM. Sperm quality assessment via separation and sedimentation in a microfluidic device. Analyst 2013; 138:4967-74. [PMID: 23817531 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00900a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A major reason for infertility is due to male factors, including the quality of spermatozoa, which is a primary factor and often difficult to assess, particularly the total sperm concentration and its motile percentage. This work presents a simple microfluidic device to assess sperm quality by quantifying both total and motile sperm counts. The key design feature of the microfluidic device is two channels separated by a permeative phase-guide structure, where one channel is filled with raw semen and the other with pure buffer. The semen sample was allowed to reach equilibrium in both chambers, whereas non-motile sperms remained in the original channel, and roughly half of the motile sperms would swim across the phase-guide barrier into the buffer channel. Sperms in each channel agglomerated into pellets after centrifugation, with the corresponding area representing total and motile sperm concentrations. Total sperm concentration up to 10(8) sperms per ml and motile percentage in the range of 10-70% were tested, encompassing the cutoff value of 40% stated by World Health Organization standards. Results from patient samples show compact and robust pellets after centrifugation. Comparison of total sperm concentration between the microfluidic device and the Makler chamber reveal they agree within 5% and show strong correlation, with a coefficient of determination of R(2) = 0.97. Motile sperm count between the microfluidic device and the Makler chamber agrees within 5%, with a coefficient of determination of R(2) = 0.84. Comparison of results from the Makler Chamber, sperm quality analyzer, and the microfluidic device revealed that results from the microfluidic device agree well with the Makler chamber. The sperm microfluidic chip analyzes both total and motile sperm concentrations in one spin, is accurate and easy to use, and should enable sperm quality analysis with ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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