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Thang LY, See HH, Quirino JP. Multistacking from Two Sample Streams in Nonaqueous Microchip Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9915-9919. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Yien Thang
- Centre
for Sustainable Nanomaterials, IbnuSina Institute for Scientific and
Industrial Research, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Heng See
- Centre
for Sustainable Nanomaterials, IbnuSina Institute for Scientific and
Industrial Research, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Centre
for Sustainable Nanomaterials, IbnuSina Institute for Scientific and
Industrial Research, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Australian
Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences
− Chemistry, University of Tasmania, 7001 Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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2
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Yap YC, Dickson TC, King AE, Breadmore MC, Guijt RM. Microfluidic culture platform for studying neuronal response to mild to very mild axonal stretch injury. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:044110. [PMID: 25379095 PMCID: PMC4189213 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A new model for studying localised axonal stretch injury is presented, using a microfluidic device to selectively culture axons on a thin, flexible poly (dimethylsiloxane) membrane which can be deflected upward to stretch the axons. A very mild (0.5% strain) or mild stretch injury (5% strain) was applied to primary cortical neurons after 7 days growth in vitro. The extent of distal degeneration was quantified using the degenerative index (DI, the ratio of fragmented axon area to total axon area) of axons fixed at 24 h and 72 h post injury (PI), and immunolabelled for the axon specific, microtubule associated protein-tau. At 24 h PI following very mild injuries (0.5%), the majority of the axons remained intact and healthy with no significant difference in DI when compared to the control, but at 72 h PI, the DI increased significantly (DI = 0.11 ± 0.03). Remarkably, dendritic beading in the somal compartment was observed at 24 h PI, indicative of dying back degeneration. When the injury level was increased (5% stretch, mild injury), microtubule fragmentation along the injured axons was observed, with a significant increase in DI at 24 h PI (DI = 0.17 ± 0.02) and 72 h PI (DI = 0.18 ± 0.01), relative to uninjured axons. The responses observed for both mild and very mild injuries are similar to those observed in the in vivo models of traumatic brain injury, suggesting that this model can be used to study neuronal trauma and will provide new insights into the cellular and molecular alterations characterizing the neuronal response to discrete axonal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracey C Dickson
- Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Anna E King
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Center for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Guijt
- Pharmacy School of Medicine, ACROSS, University of Tasmania , Private Bag 26, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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Kitagawa F, Otsuka K. Recent applications of on-line sample preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1335:43-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Guo J, Yang S, Peng X, Li F, Zhou L, Pu Q. Microwave-assisted derivatization for fast and efficient analysis of saccharides on disposable microchips. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07934e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A domestic microwave oven was used to achieve rapid derivatization of saccharides for their microchip electrophoresis analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
| | - Shenghong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
| | - Xianglu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
| | - Fengyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
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Breadmore MC, Shallan AI, Rabanes HR, Gstoettenmayr D, Abdul Keyon AS, Gaspar A, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2010-2012). Electrophoresis 2013; 34:29-54. [PMID: 23161056 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CE has been alive for over two decades now, yet its sensitivity is still regarded as being inferior to that of more traditional methods of separation such as HPLC. As such, it is unsurprising that overcoming this issue still generates much scientific interest. This review continues to update this series of reviews, first published in Electrophoresis in 2007, with updates published in 2009 and 2011 and covers material published through to June 2012. It includes developments in the field of stacking, covering all methods from field amplified sample stacking and large volume sample stacking, through to isotachophoresis, dynamic pH junction and sweeping. Attention is also given to online or inline extraction methods that have been used for electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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Hsieh BC, Chen RLC, Tsai T. Quantification of 5-aminolevulinic acid by CE using dynamic pH junction technique. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:803-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chuan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Richie L. C. Chen
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tsuimin Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
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Breadmore MC. Approaches to enhancing the sensitivity of carbohydrate separations in capillary electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 984:27-43. [PMID: 23386334 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-296-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoresis in both capillaries (CE) and microchips (ME) is an extremely powerful liquid phase-separation technique that is indispensable for the separation of carbohydrates. It is capable of separating both small mono- and disaccharides, through to more complex oligo- and polysaccharides, with high resolution, but as with all CE and ME separations, the detection limits are often inferior to those that can be achieved with liquid chromatographic methods. One avenue to address this is to use an on-line concentration strategy. Various approaches have been developed over the past 20 years, and this chapter will highlight their application to improve the sensitivity of carbohydrate separations in both CE and ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Breadmore
- Australian Center for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
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Šlampová A, Malá Z, Pantůčková P, Gebauer P, Boček P. Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:3-18. [PMID: 23161176 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sample stacking is a term denoting a multifarious class of methods and their names that are used daily in CE for online concentration of diluted samples to enhance separation efficiency and sensitivity of analyses. The essence of these methods is that analytes present at low concentrations in a large injected sample zone are concentrated into a short and sharp zone (stack) in the separation capillary. Then the stacked analytes are separated and detected. Regardless of the diversity of the stacking electromigration methods, one can distinguish four main principles that form the bases of nearly all of them: (i) Kohlrausch adjustment of concentrations, (ii) pH step, (iii) micellar methods, and (iv) transient ITP. This contribution is a continuation of our previous reviews on the topic and brings an overview of papers published during 2010-2012 and relevant to the mentioned principles (except the last one which is covered by another review in this issue).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Šlampová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
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Kitagawa F, Kawai T, Sueyoshi K, Otsuka K. Recent progress of on-line sample preconcentration techniques in microchip electrophoresis. ANAL SCI 2012; 28:85-93. [PMID: 22322799 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.28.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent developments and applications of on-line sample preconcentration techniques to enhance the detection sensitivity in microchip electrophoresis (MCE); references are mainly from 2008 and later. Among various developed techniques, we focus on the sample preconcentration based on the changes in the migration velocity of analytes in two or three discontinuous solutions system, since they can provide the sensitivity enhancement with relatively easy experimental procedures and short analysis times. The characteristic features of the on-line sample preconcentration applied to microchip electrophoresis (MCE) are presented, categorized on the basis of "field strength-" or "chemically" induced changes in the migration velocity. The preconcentration techniques utilizing field strength-induced changes in the velocity include field-amplified sample stacking, isotachophoresis and transient-isotachophoresis, whereas those based on chemically induced changes in the velocity are sweeping, transient-trapping and dynamic pH junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Kitagawa
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036–8561, Japan.
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Online sample pre-concentration via dynamic pH junction in capillary and microchip electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2800-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Quirino JP, Aranas AT. Micelle to solvent stacking of organic cations in micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sodium dodecyl sulfate. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7377-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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