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Zou X, Zhao Y, Lai C, Liang Y, Lin W. A non-peptide probe for detecting chymotrypsin activity based on protection-deprotection strategy in living systems. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8417-8423. [PMID: 34545893 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01509e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chymotrypsin (CHT) plays a vital role in the metabolism of organisms and affects cell proliferation and apoptosis. Abnormal levels of CHT will lead to a variety of diseases, such as inflammatory arthritis, diabetes, pharyngitis, indigestion, and pancreatic cancer. Therefore, it is significant to design an effective method for the detection of CHT in living systems. Here, we synthesized a specific deep-red non-peptide probe DT by effectively combining isophorone and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde for the detection of CHT using 3-phenylpropionate chloride as the recognition group based on a protection-deprotection strategy. The DT probe exhibited an emission range of 525-700 nm and showed excellent photostability, high sensitivity (LOD = 0.071 U mL-1), and selectivity for CHT detection. The cellular experiments demonstrated that DT could sensitively recognize CHT activity in three cell lines and the content of CHT was much higher in P815 cells than in MCF-7 and 3T3 cells. Also, DT was successfully used to visualize the endogenous CHT in zebrafish. Notably, the DT probe provided an intuitive way to visualize endogenous CHT in mouse pancreas for the first time, demonstrating the potential for application in the future clinical diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. Therefore, the small-molecule probe DT is expected to be a useful molecular tool for CHT-related disease diagnosis and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Yuping Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Chaofeng Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Yun Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
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2
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Remote biosensor for the determination of trypsin by using nanoporous anodic alumina as a three-dimensional nanostructured material. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2356. [PMID: 32047212 PMCID: PMC7012875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of trypsin in the human real sample is a routine medical investigation to assess the pancreatic disease. Herein, we fabricated an interferometric reflectance spectroscopy based biosensor for the determination trypsin. For this purpose, urease and fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate (FLITC) were immobilized on the nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA). The operation principle of the proposed biosensor is based on the change in the pH of the solution during the reaction of urease and urea and therefore change in the light-absorbing ability of FLITC in the presence of trypsin. The reaction of the urease enzyme with urea increased the pH of the solution because of producing ammonia. This increase in the pH of solution increased the light-absorbing ability of the immobilized FLITC on NAA and therefore the intensity of the reflected light from the NAA to the charge-coupled device detector decreased. In the presence of trypsin, the catalytic activity of immobilized urease on NAA decreased. This decrease in the activity of urease enzyme consequent on the decrease in the amount of the generated ammonia. Therefore, the immobilized FLITC on the NAA did not absorb more light and consciously, the intensity of the light reflected light into the detector increased. The proposed biosensor exhibited a good response to the concentration of trypsin in the range of 0.25–20 μg.mL−1 with the limit of detection of 0.06 μg.mL−1.
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3
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Mu S, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Guo X, Li J, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang H. A non-peptide NIR fluorescent probe for detection of chymotrypsin and its imaging application. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00085b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel non-peptide NIR fluorescent probe for the detection of chymotrypsin and its imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Yixuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Yintang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shangqiu Normal University
- Shangqiu 476000
- China
| | - Xiumei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese medicine quality and standard
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
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4
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Wu L, Yang SH, Xiong H, Yang JQ, Guo J, Yang WC, Yang GF. Nonpeptide-Based Small-Molecule Probe for Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Detection of Chymotrypsin. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3687-3693. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b05115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Hou Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Qian Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science
and Engineering, Tianjin 30071, P.R. China
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5
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Liu W, Li H, Wei Y, Dong C. A label-free phosphorescence sensing platform for trypsin based on Mn-ZnS QDs. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03349d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A label-free phosphorescence strategy to determine trypsin was proposed using Mn-ZnS QDs as the phosphorescence probe with a better validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wei
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
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6
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Yuan Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Li Y, Duan R, Zhang H, Hu X. Fluorescence quenching and spectrophotometric methods for the determination of 6-mercaptopurine based on carbon dots. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07675k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A carbon dot-based fluorescence probe was designed for detecting 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) via fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Yalan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Shaopu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Yuanfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Ruilin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
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7
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He Y, Sui Y, Xu S, Chen F. Au NCs-enhanced chemiluminescence from NaHSO3–H2O2 and its analytical application. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24224j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It was found that the ultra-weak chemiluminescence (CL) emission from the sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3)–H2O2 system could be enhanced by gold nanoclusters (Au NCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan He
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-time Analytical Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
| | - Yanyan Sui
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-time Analytical Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
| | | | - Funan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-time Analytical Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
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Liang RP, Tian XC, Qiu P, Qiu JD. Multiplexed electrochemical detection of trypsin and chymotrypsin based on distinguishable signal nanoprobes. Anal Chem 2014; 86:9256-63. [PMID: 25145572 DOI: 10.1021/ac502318x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed a novel multisignal output for simultaneous detection of multiple proteases by using nanoprobes labeled with distinguishable electrochemical probes. First, biotinylated peptide1 (S1) and biotinylated peptide2 (S2) were associated with biotinylated DNA1 and DNA2 via biotin-streptavidin interaction, forming DNA1-S1 and DNA2-S2, respectively. Two distinguishable signal nanoprobes (DNA1'-Au NPs-Thi and DNA2'-Au NPs-Fc) were prepared by initial assembling DNA1' and DNA2' on the Au NPs surface, respectively, and then carrying corresponding thionine (Thi) and 6-(Ferrocenyl)hexanethiol (Fc). Then, the peptide substrates (DNA1-S1 and DNA2-S2) were immobilized on gold electrode surface through Au-S bonds, and the DNA1'-Au NPs-Thi and DNA2'-Au NPs-Fc were assembled to the peptide-DNA-modified electrode surface via DNA hybridization. The targets of trypsin and chymotrypsin can specifically recognize and cleave peptides with different sequences, releasing DNA1'-Au NPs-Thi and DNA2'-Au NPs-Fc from the electrode surface into solution, thus decreasing the current of Thi and Fc. The decrease in the electrochemical currents of the two signal nanoprobes enables us to simultaneously and quantitatively determine the targets trypsin and chymotrypsin. More importantly, this strategy can be extended easily by designing various proteases-specific peptide substrates and utilizing corresponding electrochemical detectable elements for simultaneous multiplex protease assay in various biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ping Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031 People's Republic of China
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9
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Pang S, Liu S, Su X. A fluorescence assay for the trace detection of protamine and heparin. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02936d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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10
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Xu N, Li Y, Li HW, Wu Y. A Continuous Fluorometric Assay for Trypsin Based on Melittin and the Noncovalent-binding-induced Pyrene Excimer. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Industry
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University
| | - Yuqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University
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11
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Photobehavior and docking simulations of drug within macromolecules: Binding of an antioxidative isoquinolindione to a serine protease and albumin proteins. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 129:69-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Wang X, Chen L, Fu X, Chen L, Ding Y. Highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensing of heparin based on antiaggregation of functionalized silver nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:11059-11065. [PMID: 24107222 DOI: 10.1021/am404142e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform for the detection of heparin, based on antiaggregation of 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPY) functionalized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Here, protamine was employed as a medium for inducing the aggregation of negatively charged 4-MPY functionalized Ag NPs through surface electrostatic interaction, which resulted in significantly enhanced Raman signal of the Raman reporter. However, in the presence of heparin, the interaction between heparin and protamine decreased the concentration of free protamine, which dissipated the aggregated 4-MPY functionalized Ag NPs and thus decreased Raman enhancement effect. The degree of aggregation and Raman enhancement effect was proportional to the concentration of added heparin. Under optimized assay conditions, good linear relationship was obtained over the range of 0.5-150 ng/mL (R(2) = 0.998) with a minimum detectable concentration of 0.5 ng/mL in standard aqueous solution. Furthermore, the developed method was also successfully applied for detecting heparin in fetal bovine serum samples with a linear range of 1-400 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003, China
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13
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Li X, Zhu S, Xu B, Ma K, Zhang J, Yang B, Tian W. Self-assembled graphene quantum dots induced by cytochrome c: a novel biosensor for trypsin with remarkable fluorescence enhancement. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:7776-9. [PMID: 23851983 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00006k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of cytochrome c-induced self-assembled graphene quantum dots, we demonstrate a novel fluorescent biosensor for trypsin with remarkable fluorescence enhancement, as well as high selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
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14
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Qaiser D, Khan MS, Singh RD, Khan ZH. Time resolved spectroscopy and gain studies of Fullerenes C60 and C70. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 113:400-407. [PMID: 23747380 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence decay time of Fullerenes C60 and C70 in pure form as well as in mixture with Coumarin C440 and Quinizarine dyes are studied. Results indicate that the decay of pure fullerenes is constant throughout the solute concentration and it is also independent of excitation wavelength, whereas in the case of mixture with dyes different behavior is noticed. We have also calculated the Stern-Volmer quenching constant and optical gain of both the fullerenes from which it is found that the optical gain is positive for Fullerene C70 only in a very narrow range of concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darakhshan Qaiser
- Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India.
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Chen L, Fu X, Li J. Ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of trypsin based on anti-aggregation of 4-mercaptopyridine-functionalized silver nanoparticles: an optical sensing platform toward proteases. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:5905-11. [PMID: 23703031 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a simple and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) strategy was developed for recognition and detection of trypsin, by using anti-aggregation of 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPY)-functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) based on the interaction between protamine and trypsin. The polycationic protamine not only served as a substrate for enzyme hydrolysis but also worked as a medium for SERS enhancement, which could bind negatively charged 4-MPY-functionalized AgNPs and induce their aggregation. The hydrolysis catalyzed with trypsin in sample solution decreased the concentration of free protamine, resulting in the dispersion of AgNPs and thus decreasing the Raman intensity of 4-MPY, by which the trypsin could be sensed optically. A detection level down to 0.1 ng mL(-1) for trypsin was obtained. The induced accumulation of AgNPs modified with Raman reporter 4-MPY largely enhanced the SERS responses. A good linearity was found within the wide range over five orders of magnitude and reasonable relative standard deviations (between 2.4 and 11.6%) were attained. By using trypsin as a model, the new concept can provide an excellent platform for ultrasensitive SERS measurements of various proteases/enzymes which can lead to nanoparticles stability change through catalyzed hydrolysis toward substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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Kvach MV, Tsybulsky DA, Shmanai VV, Prokhorenko IA, Stepanova IA, Korshun VA. Non-nucleoside phosphoramidites of xanthene dyes (FAM, JOE, and TAMRA) for oligonucleotide labeling. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN NUCLEIC ACID CHEMISTRY 2013; Chapter 4:4.55.1-4.55.33. [PMID: 23512693 DOI: 10.1002/0471142700.nc0455s52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This unit describes the preparation of 5- and 6-carboxy derivatives of the xanthene fluorescent dyes fluorescein (FAM), 4',5'-dichloro-2',7'-dimethoxy-fluorescein (JOE), and tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) as individual isomers, and their conversion to non-nucleoside phosphoramidite reagents suitable for oligonucleotide labeling. The use of a cyclohexylcarbonyl (Chc) protecting group for blocking of phenolic hydroxyls facilitates the chromatographic separation of isomers of carboxy-FAM and carboxy-JOE as pentafluorophenyl esters. Acylation of 3-dimethylaminophenol with 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic anhydride gave a mixture of 4-dimethylamino-2-hydroxy-2',4'(5')-dicarboxybenzophenones, easily separable into individual compounds upon fractional crystallization. Individual isomeric benzophenones are precursors of 5- or 6-carboxytetramethylrhodamines. The dyes were converted into 6-aminohexanol- (JOE), 4-trans-aminocyclohexanol- (FAM and JOE), and hydroxyprolinol-based (TAMRA) phosphoramidite reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Irina A Stepanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Gao X, Tang G, Li Y, Su X. A novel optical nanoprobe for trypsin detection and inhibitor screening based on Mn-doped ZnSe quantum dots. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 743:131-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Dang YQ, Li HW, Wu Y. Construction of a supramolecular Förster resonance energy transfer system and its application based on the interaction between Cy3-labeled melittin and phosphocholine encapsulated quantum dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:1267-1272. [PMID: 22356839 DOI: 10.1021/am3000984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Due to possessing unique optical properties, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been applied to construct bioconjugates. Using QDs as donors, the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system can be developed and applied to biological imaging and sensing, and various construction strategies have been reported. To provide a new practicable method, we introduce a protocol with two routes to construct a supramolecular FRET system based on the high-affinity interaction between melittin and phosphocholine. Melittin exists with a random coil structure in aqueous environments but will adopt a bent helix when inserted into natural or artificial membranes. Such specific and high affinity protein-membrane interaction makes it possible to construct a QDs-based FRET system. The strategy applying protein-membrane interaction to construct a QDs-based FRET system can be applied to the investigation on the protein-membrane interaction through distance-depended FRET and further proteolysis of trypsin. Because of the existence of various protein-membrane interactions in real life, the system has the potential to be expanded to other related systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
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19
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Highly sensitive fluorescent detection of trypsin based on BSA-stabilized gold nanoclusters. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 32:297-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Zhang Y, Chen W, Feng D, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. A spectroscopic off-on probe for simple and sensitive detection ofcarboxylesterase activity and its application to cell imaging. Analyst 2012; 137:716-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an15952j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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