1
|
Dias N, Gurusinghe RM, Suits AG. Multichannel Radical-Radical Reaction Dynamics of NO + Propargyl Probed by Broadband Rotational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5354-5362. [PMID: 35938878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chirped-pulse rotational spectroscopy in a quasi-uniform flow has been used to investigate the reaction dynamics of a multichannel radical-radical reaction of relevance to planetary atmospheres and combustion. In this work, the NO + propargyl (C3H3) reaction was found to yield six product channels containing eight detected species. These products and their branching fractions (%), are as follows: HCN (50), HCNO (18), CH2CN (12), CH3CN (7.4), HC3N (6.2), HNC (2.3), CH2CO (1.3), HCO (1.8). The results are discussed in light of previous unimolecular photodissociation studies of isoxazole and prior potential energy surface calculations of the NO + C3H3 system. The results also show that the product branching is strongly influenced by the excess energy of the reactant radicals. The implications of the title reaction to the planetary atmospheres, particularly to Titan, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nureshan Dias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
| | - Ranil M Gurusinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
| | - Arthur G Suits
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grzesiak J, Vashishta M, Djuricanin P, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M, Dulitz K, Momose T. Production of rotationally cold methyl radicals in pulsed supersonic beams. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:113103. [PMID: 30501335 DOI: 10.1063/1.5052017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a comparison of two technically distinct methods for the generation of rotationally cold, pulsed supersonic beams of methyl radicals (CH3): a plate discharge source operating in the glow regime and a dielectric barrier discharge source. The results imply that the efficiency of both sources is comparable and that molecular beams with similar translational and rotational temperatures are formed. Methane (CH4) proved to be the most suitable radical precursor species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Grzesiak
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manish Vashishta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Pavle Djuricanin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | | | - Marcel Mudrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Katrin Dulitz
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Takamasa Momose
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoyermann K, Mauß F, Olzmann M, Welz O, Zeuch T. Exploring the chemical kinetics of partially oxidized intermediates by combining experiments, theory, and kinetic modeling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:18128-18146. [PMID: 28681879 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Partially oxidized intermediates play a central role in combustion and atmospheric chemistry. In this perspective, we focus on the chemical kinetics of alkoxy radicals, peroxy radicals, and Criegee intermediates, which are key species in both combustion and atmospheric environments. These reactive intermediates feature a broad spectrum of chemical diversity. Their reactivity is central to our understanding of how volatile organic compounds are degraded in the atmosphere and converted into secondary organic aerosol. Moreover, they sensitively determine ignition timing in internal combustion engines. The intention of this perspective article is to provide the reader with information about the general mechanisms of reactions initiated by addition of atomic and molecular oxygen to alkyl radicals and ozone to alkenes. We will focus on critical branching points in the subsequent reaction mechanisms and discuss them from a consistent point of view. As a first example of our integrated approach, we will show how experiment, theory, and kinetic modeling have been successfully combined in the first infrared detection of Criegee intermediates during the gas phase ozonolysis. As a second example, we will examine the ignition timing of n-heptane/air mixtures at low and intermediate temperatures. Here, we present a reduced, fuel size independent kinetic model of the complex chemistry initiated by peroxy radicals that has been successfully applied to simulate standard n-heptane combustion experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlheinz Hoyermann
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstraße 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pan H, Liu K, Caracciolo A, Casavecchia P. Crossed beam polyatomic reaction dynamics: recent advances and new insights. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7517-7547. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the developments in polyatomic reaction dynamics, focusing on reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons with O-atoms and methane with atoms/radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Pan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS)
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Kopin Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS)
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
- Department of Physics
| | - Adriana Caracciolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Casavecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pei L, Farrar JM. Velocity Map Imaging Study of Ion–Radical Chemistry: Charge Transfer and Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation in the Reactions of Allyl Radicals with C+. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6122-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linsen Pei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - James M. Farrar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Capron M, Bourgalais J, Abhinavam Kailasanathan RK, Osborn DL, Le Picard SD, Goulay F. Flow tube studies of the C(3P) reactions with ethylene and propylene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:23833-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03918e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Product detection studies of C(3P) atom reactions with ethylene, C2H4(X1Ag) and propylene, C3H6(X1A′) are carried out in a flow tube reactor at 332 K and 4 Torr (553.3 Pa) under multiple collision conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Capron
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- Département de Physique Moléculaire
- Astrophysique de Laboratoire
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Jérémy Bourgalais
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- Département de Physique Moléculaire
- Astrophysique de Laboratoire
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | | | - David L. Osborn
- Combustion Research Facility
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Sébastien D. Le Picard
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- Département de Physique Moléculaire
- Astrophysique de Laboratoire
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Fabien Goulay
- Department of Chemistry
- West Virginia University
- Morgantown
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Locating saddle points of any index on potential energy surfaces by the generalized gentlest ascent dynamics. Theor Chem Acc 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-014-1510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
8
|
Balucani N, Skouteris D, Leonori F, Petrucci R, Hamberg M, Geppert WD, Casavecchia P, Rosi M. Combined crossed beam and theoretical studies of the N(2D) + C2H4 reaction and implications for atmospheric models of Titan. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10467-79. [PMID: 23016665 DOI: 10.1021/jp3072316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of the H displacement channels in the reaction N((2)D) + C(2)H(4) have been investigated by the crossed molecular beam technique with mass spectrometric detection and time-of-flight analysis at two different collision energies (17.2 and 28.2 kJ/mol). The interpretation of the scattering results is assisted by new electronic structure calculations of stationary points and product energetics for the C(2)H(4)N ground state doublet potential energy surface. RRKM statistical calculations have been performed to derive the product branching ratio under the conditions of the present experiments and of the atmosphere of Titan. Similarities and differences with respect to a recent study performed in crossed beam experiments coupled to ionization via tunable VUV synchrotron radiation are discussed (Lee, S.-H.; et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.2011, 13, 8515-8525). Implications for the atmospheric chemistry of Titan are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Balucani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ryazanov M, Rodrigo C, Reisler H. Overtone-induced dissociation and isomerization dynamics of the hydroxymethyl radical (CH2OH and CD2OH). II. Velocity map imaging studies. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:084305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3685899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
10
|
Kamarchik E, Rodrigo C, Bowman JM, Reisler H, Krylov AI. Overtone-induced dissociation and isomerization dynamics of the hydroxymethyl radical (CH2OH and CD2OH). I. A theoretical study. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:084304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3685891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
11
|
Wilson AV, Parker DSN, Zhang F, Kaiser RI. Crossed beam study of the atom-radical reaction of ground state carbon atoms (C(3P)) with the vinyl radical (C2H3(X2A')). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:477-81. [PMID: 22120638 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The atom-radical reaction of ground state carbon atoms (C((3)P)) with the vinyl radical (C(2)H(3)(X(2)A')) was conducted under single collision conditions at a collision energy of 32.3 ± 2.9 kJ mol(-1). The reaction dynamics were found to involve a complex forming reaction mechanism, which is initiated by the barrier-less addition of atomic carbon to the carbon-carbon-double bond of the vinyl radical forming a cyclic C(3)H(3) radical intermediate. The latter has a lifetime of at least 1.5 times its rotational period and decomposes via a tight exit transition state located about 45 kJ mol(-1) above the separated products through atomic hydrogen loss to the cyclopropenylidene isomer (c-C(3)H(2)) as detected toward cold molecular clouds and in star forming regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony V Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Thomas PS, Somers MF, Hoekstra AW, Kroes GJ. Chebyshev high-dimensional model representation (Chebyshev-HDMR) potentials: application to reactive scattering of H2 from Pt(111) and Cu(111) surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8628-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Abstract
The crossed molecular beam technique has been utilized to investigate a large number of elementary reactions. However, most of the studied reactions involve atoms or radicals; reactions between two stable molecular reactants are, in fact, seldom studied with the crossed molecular beam method. In this perspective, reactions between two stable molecules are reviewed and discussed. With crossed molecular beams and vacuum UV photoionization, the nascent products have been unambiguously identified. Consistent pictures of the reaction paths have been constructed based on the experimental data and ab initio calculations. Furthermore, there are intriguing features about the reaction barriers. The F(2) + organosulfur reactions are barrierless, demonstrating the first examples of such interactions between two closed-shell reactants. The barrier of F(2) + alkene reaction decreases with more methyl substitution groups at the C=C double bond, yet the absolute barrier heights from experiment and theory disagree with each other by ~2 kcal mol(-1), leaving an issue to be resolved in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jim J Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|