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Wang Y, Zhan S, Hu Y, Chen X, Yin S. Understanding the Formation and Growth of New Atmospheric Particles at the Molecular Level through Laboratory Molecular Beam Experiments. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400108. [PMID: 38497136 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF), which exerts comprehensive implications for climate, air quality and human health, has received extensive attention. From molecule to cluster is the initial and most important stage of the nucleation process of atmospheric new particles. However, due to the complexity of the nucleation process and limitations of experimental characterization techniques, there is still a great uncertainty in understanding the nucleation mechanism at the molecular level. Laboratory-based molecular beam methods can experimentally implement the generation and growth of typical atmospheric gas-phase nucleation precursors to nanoscale clusters, characterize the key physical and chemical properties of clusters such as structure and composition, and obtain a series of their physicochemical parameters, including association rate coefficients, electron binding energy, pickup cross section and pickup probability and so on. These parameters can quantitatively illustrate the physicochemical properties of the cluster, and evaluate the effect of different gas phase nucleation precursors on the formation and growth of atmospheric new particles. We review the present literatures on atmospheric cluster formation and reaction employing the experimental method of laboratory molecular beam. The experimental apparatuses were classified and summarized from three aspects of cluster generation, growth and detection processes. Focus of this review is on the properties of nucleation clusters involving different precursor molecules of water, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and NxOy, respectively. We hope this review will provide a deep insight for effects of cluster physicochemical properties on nucleation, and reveal the formation and growth mechanism of atmospheric new particle at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Wang
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Zhan
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Hu
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
| | - Shi Yin
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
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2
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van der Linde C, Ončák M, Cunningham EM, Tang WK, Siu CK, Beyer MK. Surface or Internal Hydration - Does It Really Matter? JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:337-354. [PMID: 36744598 PMCID: PMC9983018 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The precise location of an ion or electron, whether it is internally solvated or residing on the surface of a water cluster, remains an intriguing question. Subtle differences in the hydrogen bonding network may lead to a preference for one or the other. Here we discuss spectroscopic probes of the structure of gas-phase hydrated ions in combination with quantum chemistry, as well as H/D exchange as a means of structure elucidation. With the help of nanocalorimetry, we look for thermochemical signatures of surface vs internal solvation. Examples of strongly size-dependent reactivity are reviewed which illustrate the influence of surface vs internal solvation on unimolecular rearrangements of the cluster, as well as on the rate and product distribution of ion-molecule reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian van der Linde
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Milan Ončák
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ethan M. Cunningham
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wai Kit Tang
- Institute
of Research Management and Services (IPPP), Research and Innovation
Management Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur50603, Malaysia
| | - Chi-Kit Siu
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Martin K. Beyer
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020Innsbruck, Austria
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3
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Hoshi N, Nakamura M. Enhancement of the Activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Well-defined Single Crystal Electrodes of Pt by Hydrophobic Species. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nagahiro Hoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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4
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Luo J, You J, Tan S, Wang C, Wu Y. Lamellar Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Superior to Micellar Solution for Proton Conduction in an Aqueous Solution of 1-Tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45611-45617. [PMID: 32929954 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Humidified perfluorosulfonic acid polymers with a nanoscopic phase-separated morphology are highly proton-conductive materials for fuel cells, yet morphology tuning of the acidic materials for enhanced conduction remains a challenge. Aqueous acidic lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) provide a powerful platform to construct well-defined nanostructures for proton conduction. We report an aqueous LLC formed by 1-tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, exhibiting a proton conductivity of 210 mS cm-1 at 25 °C, which surpasses that formed by alkylsulfonic acid, thus demonstrating that a mobile acidic anion is more efficient than constrained sulfonic acid functionality to transport protons in LLCs. For an aqueous solution of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, a lamellar LLC results in higher conductivity than a micellar solution under the same hydration conditions. The peak power density of the fuel cell fabricated from porous membranes filled with the lamellar LLC is four times as high as that filled with the micellar solution. The work offers an efficient way to construct highly proton-conductive LLC materials for fuel cell application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jie You
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shuai Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yong Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
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5
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Hoshi N, Saikawa K, Nakamura M. Structural effects on water molecules on the low index planes of Pt modified with alkyl amines and the correlation with the activity of the oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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6
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Fárník M, Lengyel J. Mass spectrometry of aerosol particle analogues in molecular beam experiments. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:630-651. [PMID: 29178389 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanometer-size particles such as ultrafine aerosol particles, ice nanoparticles, water nanodroplets, etc, play an important, however, not yet fully understood role in the atmospheric chemistry and physics. These species are often composed of water with admixture of other atmospherically relevant molecules. To mimic and investigate such particles in laboratory experiments, mixed water clusters with atmospherically relevant molecules can be generated in molecular beams and studied by various mass spectrometric methods. The present review demonstrates that such experiments can provide unprecedented details of reaction mechanisms, and detailed insight into the photon-, electron-, and ion-induced processes relevant to the atmospheric chemistry. After a brief outline of the molecular beam preparation, cluster properties, and ionization methods, we focus on the mixed clusters with various atmospheric molecules, such as hydrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid clusters, Nx Oy and halogen-containing molecules with water. A special attention is paid to their reactivity and solvent effects of water molecules on the observed processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fárník
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Lengyel
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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7
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Wang XB. Cluster Model Studies of Anion and Molecular Specificities via Electrospray Ionization Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:1389-1401. [PMID: 28060511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ion specificity, a widely observed macroscopic phenomenon in condensed phases and at interfaces, is a fundamental chemical physics issue. Herein we report our recent studies of such effects using cluster models in an "atom-by-atom" and "molecule-by-molecule" fashion not possible with the condensed-phase methods. We use electrospray ionization (ESI) to generate molecular and ionic clusters to simulate key molecular entities involved in local binding regions and characterize them by employing negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy (NIPES). Inter- and intramolecular interactions and binding configurations are directly obtained as functions of the cluster size and composition, providing molecular-level descriptions and characterization over the local active sites that play crucial roles in determining the solution chemistry and condensed-phase phenomena. The topics covered in this article are relevant to a wide range of research fields from ion specific effects in electrolyte solutions, ion selectivity/recognition in normal functioning of life, to molecular specificity in aerosol particle formation, as well as in rational material design and synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , P.O. Box 999, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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8
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Hou GL, Zhang J, Valiev M, Wang XB. Structures and energetics of hydrated deprotonated cis-pinonic acid anion clusters and their atmospheric relevance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:10676-10684. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pinonic acid, a C10-monocarboxylic acid with a hydrophilic –CO2H group and a hydrophobic hydrocarbon backbone, is a key intermediate oxidation product of α-pinene – an important monoterpene compound in biogenic emission processes that influences the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Lei Hou
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- 902 Battelle Boulevard
- P. O. Box 999
- MS K8-88, Richland
- USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Marat Valiev
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- 902 Battelle Boulevard
- P. O. Box 999
- MS K8-88, Richland
- USA
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- 902 Battelle Boulevard
- P. O. Box 999
- MS K8-88, Richland
- USA
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9
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Ryding MJ, Fernández I, Uggerud E. Reactions between microhydrated superoxide anions and formic acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:23176-23186. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03820h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactions between water clusters containing the superoxide anion, O2˙−(H2O)n (n = 0–4), and formic acid, HCO2H, were studied experimentally in vacuo and modelled using quantum chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz Johan Ryding
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- P.O. Box 1033 Blindern
- NO-0315 Oslo
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040-Madrid
- Spain
| | - Einar Uggerud
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- P.O. Box 1033 Blindern
- NO-0315 Oslo
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10
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Hou GL, Valiev M, Wang XB. Deprotonated Dicarboxylic Acid Homodimers: Hydrogen Bonds and Atmospheric Implications. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2342-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Lei Hou
- Physical Sciences
Division and ‡Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box
999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Marat Valiev
- Physical Sciences
Division and ‡Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box
999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences
Division and ‡Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box
999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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11
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Ryding MJ, Fernández I, Uggerud E. Oxidation of NO˙ by small oxygen species HO2− and O2˙−: the role of negative charge, electronic spin and water solvation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9524-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00290k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of NO˙ into NO2− occurs upon reaction with HO2−(H2O)n clusters but not with O2˙−(H2O)n clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz Johan Ryding
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040-Madrid
- Spain
| | - Einar Uggerud
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
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12
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Ryding MJ, Debnárová A, Fernández I, Uggerud E. Nucleophilic Substitution in Reactions between Partially Hydrated Superoxide Anions and Alkyl Halides. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6133-42. [PMID: 26038972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of solvation by water molecules on the nucleophilicity of the superoxide anion, O2(•-), has been investigated in detail by mass spectrometric experiments and quantum chemical calculations, including direct dynamics trajectory calculations. Specifically, the SN2 reactions of O2(•-)(H2O)n clusters (n = 0-5) with CH3Cl and CH3Br were studied. It was found that the reaction rate decreases when the number of water molecules in the cluster increases; furthermore, reaction with CH3Br is in general faster than reaction with CH3Cl for clusters of the same size. In addition, key transition-state geometries were identified and probed by Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics, showing how a water molecule may be transferred from the nucleophile to the leaving group during the reaction. The computational models are in good agreement with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz J Ryding
- †Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrea Debnárová
- †Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Israel Fernández
- ‡Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Einar Uggerud
- †Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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13
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Ryding MJ, Izsák R, Merlot P, Reine S, Helgaker T, Uggerud E. Geometry of the magic number H+(H2O)21 water cluster by proxy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:5466-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05246c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Substituting H2O with tert-butanol allows for the experimental determination of the number of dangling hydrogen bonds in the H+(H2O)21 cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz Johan Ryding
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Róbert Izsák
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- DE-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Patrick Merlot
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Simen Reine
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Trygve Helgaker
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Einar Uggerud
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- NO-0315 Oslo
- Norway
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14
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Ryding MJ, Uggerud E. CO(2) incorporation in hydroxide and hydroperoxide containing water clusters--a unifying mechanism for hydrolysis and protolysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:9371-82. [PMID: 24718772 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of CO2 with anionic water clusters containing hydroxide, OH(-)(H2O)n, and hydroperoxide, HO2(-)(H2O)n, have been studied in the isolated state using a mass spectrometric technique. The OH(-)(H2O)n clusters were found to react faster for n = 2,3, while for n >3 the HO2(-)(H2O)n clusters are more reactive. Insights from quantum chemical calculations revealed a common mechanism in which the decisive bicarbonate-forming step starts from a pre-reaction complex where OH(-) and CO2 are separated by one water molecule. Proton transfer from the water molecule to OH(-) then effectively moves the hydroxide ion motif next to the CO2 molecule. A new covalent bond is formed between CO2 and the emerging OH(-) in concert with the proton transfer. For larger clusters, successive proton transfers from H2O molecules to neighbouring OH(-) are required to effectively bring about the formation of the pre-reaction complex, upon which bicarbonate formation is accomplished according to the concerted mechanism. In this manner, a general mechanism is suggested, also applicable to bulk water and thereby to CO2 uptake in oceans. Furthermore, this mechanism avoids the intermediate H2CO3 by combining the CO2 hydrolysis step and the protolysis step into one. The general mechanistic picture is consistent with low enthalpy barriers and that the limiting factors are largely of entropic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz J Ryding
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
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15
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Bustos DJ, Temelso B, Shields GC. Hydration of the Sulfuric Acid–Methylamine Complex and Implications for Aerosol Formation. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7430-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500015t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J. Bustos
- Dean’s Office, College
of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Berhane Temelso
- Dean’s Office, College
of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - George C. Shields
- Dean’s Office, College
of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
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16
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Hou GL, Lin W, Deng SHM, Zhang J, Zheng WJ, Paesani F, Wang XB. Negative Ion Photoelectron Spectroscopy Reveals Thermodynamic Advantage of Organic Acids in Facilitating Formation of Bisulfate Ion Clusters: Atmospheric Implications. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:779-785. [PMID: 26281932 DOI: 10.1021/jz400108y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent lab and field measurements have indicated critical roles of organic acids in enhancing new atmospheric aerosol formation. Such findings have stimulated theoretical studies with the aim of understanding the interaction of organic acids with common aerosol nucleation precursors like bisulfate (HSO4(-)). We report a combined negative ion photoelectron spectroscopic and theoretical investigation of molecular clusters formed by HSO4(-) with succinic acid (SUA, HO2C(CH2)2CO2H), HSO4(-)(SUA)n (n = 0-2), along with HSO4(-)(H2O)n and HSO4(-)(H2SO4)n. It is found that one SUA molecule can stabilize HSO4(-) by ca. 39 kcal/mol, three times the corresponding value that one water molecule is capable of (ca. 13 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculations reveal the most plausible structures of these clusters and attribute the stability of these clusters to the formation of strong hydrogen bonds. This work provides direct experimental evidence showing significant thermodynamic advantage by involving organic acid molecules to promote formation and growth in bisulfate clusters and aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Lei Hou
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Lin
- §Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | | | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Francesco Paesani
- §Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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17
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van der Linde C, Beyer MK. Reactions of M(+)(H2O)n, n < 40, M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, with D2O reveal water activation in Mn(+)(H2O)n. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10676-82. [PMID: 23075152 DOI: 10.1021/jp308744p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of M(+)(H(2)O)(n), n < 40, M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, with D(2)O are studied by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. Isotopically highly enriched metals are used as applicable. Isotopic scrambling with formation of HDO is not observed for M = Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, which indicates that these hydrated metal ions consist of a singly charged metal center and a hydration shell of intact, inactivated water molecules. In the vanadium case, HDO formation is observed in the size region where also hydroxide formation with evolution of molecular hydrogen occurs. For manganese, HDO formation occurs in the size regime n ≈ 8-20. Additional experiments show that, in this size regime, Mn(+)(H(2)O)(n) is slowly converted into HMnOH(+)(H(2)O)(n-1) under the influence of room temperature blackbody radiation. The reaction is mildly exothermic; ΔH ≈ -21 ± 10 kJ mol(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian van der Linde
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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18
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Yu JJ, Zhang YH, Li ZS. Intermolecular Vibration Coupling between Libration of Water and ν2-SOH for Clusters HSO4–(H2O)n. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:12597-604. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307534h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Yu
- The Institute for Chemical Physics,
School of Science, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of
Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute for Chemical Physics,
School of Science, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of
Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze-Sheng Li
- The Institute for Chemical Physics,
School of Science, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of
Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
- Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary
Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150008, People’s Republic of China
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Zatula AS, Ryding MJ, Uggerud E. Concerted proton migration along short hydrogen bonded water bridges in bipyridine-water clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:13907-9. [PMID: 22990649 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42060k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The outcome of reactions between D(2)O and size-selected ionic clusters of the type MH(+)(H(2)O)(n) (M = bipyridine, n = 1-30) shows that H-D-exchange is significantly higher for 2,2'-bipyridines than for 4,4'-bipyridines. This gives strong support for the idea that the existence of short water wires between the two nitrogen sites is essential to proton migration in water clusters containing basic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Sergeevich Zatula
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, POB 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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Husar DE, Temelso B, Ashworth AL, Shields GC. Hydration of the Bisulfate Ion: Atmospheric Implications. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:5151-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300717j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devon E. Husar
- Dean’s Office, College of
Arts and Sciences,
and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Berhane Temelso
- Dean’s Office, College of
Arts and Sciences,
and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Alexa L. Ashworth
- Dean’s Office, College of
Arts and Sciences,
and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - George C. Shields
- Dean’s Office, College of
Arts and Sciences,
and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
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21
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Ryding MJ, Ruusuvuori K, Andersson PU, Zatula AS, McGrath MJ, Kurtén T, Ortega IK, Vehkamäki H, Uggerud E. Structural Rearrangements and Magic Numbers in Reactions between Pyridine-Containing Water Clusters and Ammonia. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:4902-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3021326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz J. Ryding
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kai Ruusuvuori
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences,
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alexey S. Zatula
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Matthew J. McGrath
- Department of Biophysics,
Graduate
School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto
606-8502, Japan
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences,
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ismael K. Ortega
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences,
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Vehkamäki
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences,
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Einar Uggerud
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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22
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Ryding MJ, Andersson PU, Zatula AS, Uggerud E. Proton mobility in water clusters. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2012; 18:215-22. [PMID: 22641727 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Proton mobility in water occurs quickly according to the so-called Grotthuss mechanism. This process and its elementary reaction steps can be studied in great detail by applying suitable mass spectrometric methods to ionic water clusters. Careful choice of suitable core ions in combination with analysis of cluster size trends in hydrogen/deuterium isotope exchange rates allows for detailed insights into fascinating dynamical systems. Analysis of the experiments has been promoted by extensive and systematic quantum chemical model calculations. Detailed low-energy mechanistic pathways for efficient water rearrangement and proton transfer steps, in particular cases along short preformed "wires" of hydrogen bonds, have been identified in consistency with experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauritz Johan Ryding
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Centre of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, POB 1033 Blindern, NO 0315 Oslo, Norway
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