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Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. Curvature and size effects hinder halogen bonds with extended π systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21988-22002. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03466e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The curvature of aromatic systems strengthens the interaction by the concave face while it weakens by the convex one. Parallel structures are favoured over halogen bonded ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultade de Ciencias
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Campus de Lugo
- Av. Alfonso X El Sabio
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultade de Química
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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2
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Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. On the Nature of σ-σ, σ-π, and π-π Stacking in Extended Systems. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9348-9359. [PMID: 31459068 PMCID: PMC6645327 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Stacking interactions have been evaluated, employing computational methods, in dimers formed by analogous aliphatic and aromatic species of increasing size. Changes in stability as the systems become larger are mostly controlled by the balance of increasing repulsion and dispersion contributions, while electrostatics plays a secondary but relevant role. The interaction energy increases as the size of the system grows, but it does much faster in π-π dimers than in σ-π complexes and more remarkably than in σ-σ dimers. The main factor behind the larger stability of aromatic dimers compared to complexes containing aliphatic molecules is related to changes in the properties of the aromatic systems due to electron delocalization leading to larger dispersion contributions. Besides, an extra stabilization in π-π complexes is due to the softening of the repulsive wall in aromatic species that allows the molecules to come closer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Facultade
de Ciencias (Dpto. de Química Física), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo. Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- CIQUS
and Facultade de Química (Dpto. de Química Física), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago
de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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3
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González-Veloso I, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. Fullerene size controls the selective complexation of [11]CPP with pristine and endohedral fullerenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11347-11358. [PMID: 29644372 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00503f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the carbon nanoring [11]cycloparaphenylene ([11]CPP) for coordinating fullerenes has been tested using a series of hosts, including the pristine fullerenes C60, C70, C76 and C78, the clusterfullerene Sc3N@C80, monometallic endofullerenes Y@C82 and Tm@C82, and dimetallic endofullerenes Y2@C82 and Lu2@C82. A systematic theoretical study employing dispersion corrected density functional methods has been carried out in order to explore the characteristics of the complexes and the strength of the interaction. Depending on the dimer, complexation energies span from around -36 kcal mol-1 with C60 to -53 kcal mol-1 with the C82 derivatives. Dispersion is the main stabilizing contribution in these dimers, so the molecules arrange to maximize the number of close interatomic contacts. Since most fullerenes can properly fill the cavity of the nanoring the stability of the complexes is pretty similar, with the exception of the smallest fullerenes. The complexes with endohedral fullerenes show similar stabilities in all cases studied, with no noticeable dependence on the nature of the endohedral species. The results obtained suggest that fullerenes larger than C76 could be selectively encapsulated by [11]CPP compared to smaller fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I González-Veloso
- CIQUS and Facultade de Química (Dpto. de Química Física), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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4
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Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Fernández B, Rodríguez-Otero J. Dissecting the concave-convex π-π interaction in corannulene and sumanene dimers: SAPT(DFT) analysis and performance of DFT dispersion-corrected methods. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:93-104. [PMID: 29076170 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of the concave-convex π-π interactions are evaluated in 32 buckybowl dimers formed by corannulene, sumanene, and two substituted sumanenes (with S and CO groups), using symmetry-adapted perturbation theory [SAPT(DFT)] and density functional theory (DFT). According to our results, the main stabilizing contribution is dispersion, followed by electrostatics. Regarding the ability of DFT methods to reproduce the results obtained with the most expensive and rigorous methods, TPSS-D seems to be the best option overall, although its results slightly tend to underestimate the interaction energies and to overestimate the equilibrium distances. The other two tested DFT-D methods, B97-D2 and B3LYP-D, supply rather reasonable results as well. M06-2X, although it is a good option from a geometrical point of view, leads to too weak interactions, with differences with respect to the reference values amounting to about 4 kcal/mol (25% of the total interaction energy). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique M Cabaleiro-Lago
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, Lugo, 27001, Spain
| | - Berta Fernández
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda. das Ciencias s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- CIQUS and Facultade de Química (Dpto. de Química Física), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 15782, Spain
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5
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González-Veloso I, Rodríguez-Otero J, Cabaleiro-Lago EM. Assessment of electronic transitions involving intermolecular charge transfer in complexes formed by fullerenes and donor–acceptor nanohoops. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27791-27803. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04119a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inserting an anthraquinone or tetracyanoanthraquinone unit in cycloparaphenylene nanohoops facilitates intermolecular electron transfer to a fullerene guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván González-Veloso
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Física
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Galicia
- Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Física
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Galicia
- Spain
| | - Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Campus de Lugo
- 27002 Lugo
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6
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Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. σ-σ, σ-π, and π-π Stacking Interactions between Six-Membered Cyclic Systems. Dispersion Dominates and Electrostatics Commands. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Facultade de Ciencias (Dpto. de Química Física); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n 27002 Lugo, Galicia Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- CIQUS and Facultade de Química (Dpto. de Química Física); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain)
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7
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Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J, Carrazana-García JA. A theoretical study of complexes between fullerenes and concave receptors with interest in photovoltaics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:26787-26798. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03665e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The proper combination of host and guest allows controlling the stability and charge transfer capability of fullerene–concave receptor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Facultade de Ciencias (Dpto. de Química Física)
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 27002 Lugo
- Spain
| | - J. Rodríguez-Otero
- CIQUS and Facultade de Química (Dpto. de Química Física)
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - J. A. Carrazana-García
- Facultade de Ciencias (Dpto. de Química Física)
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 27002 Lugo
- Spain
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8
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Chen H, Wang WY, Wang L, Zhu CL, Fang XY, Qiu YQ. Ion-π interaction in impacting the nonlinear optical properties of ion-buckybowl complexes. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 64:139-146. [PMID: 26851864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ion-buckybowl complexes have received considerable attention in modern chemical research due to its fundamental and practical importance. Herein, we performed density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the geometical structure, binding interactions, dipole moments and the first hyperpolarizabilities (βtot) of ion-buckybowl complexes (ions are Cl(-) and Na(+), buckybowls are quadrannulene, corannulene and sumanene). It is found that the stabilities of ion-buckybowl compounds primarily originate from the interaction energy, which was proved by a new isomerization energy decomposition analysis approach. Plots of reduced density gradient mirror the ion-π weak interaction has been formed between the ions and buckybowls. Significantly, the buckybowl subunits cannot effectively impact the nonlinear optical (NLO), but the kind of ion has marked influence on the second-order NLO responses. The βtot values of Cl(-)-buckybowl complexes are all larger as compared to that of Na(+)-buckybowl complexes, which is attributed to the large charge-transfer (CT) from Cl(-) to buckybowl. Our present work will be beneficial for further theoretical and experimental studies on the NLO properties of ion-buckybowl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yong Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Li Zhu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yan Fang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Chen H, Wang L, Wang WY, Qiu YQ, Xie HM. The effect of heterocyclic π bridges on second order nonlinear optical properties of compounds formed between ferrocenyl and corannulenyl. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22020g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among D–π–A type compounds, when imidazole acts as a π bridge (endo/exo-3), the βtot values are almost 2 times as large as when the phenyl acts as a π bridge (endo/exo-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Wen-Yong Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yong-Qing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Hai-Ming Xie
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
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10
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Dubceac C, Filatov AS, Zabula AV, Rogachev AY, Petrukhina MA. Functionalized corannulene carbocations: a structural overview. Chemistry 2015. [PMID: 26224357 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A detailed structural overview of a family of bowl-shaped polycyclic aromatic carbocations of the type [C20 H10 R](+) with different R functionalities tethered to the interior surface of corannulene (C20 H10 ) is provided. Changing the identity of the surface-bound groups through alkyl chains spanning from one to four carbon atoms and incorporating a different degree of halogenation has led to the fine tuning of the bowl structures and properties. The deformation of the corannulene core upon functionalization has been revealed based on X-ray crystallographic analysis and compared for the series of cations with R=CH3 , CH2 Cl, CHCl2 , CCl3 , CH2 CH3 , CH2 CH2 Cl, and CH2 CH2 Br. The resulting carbocations have been isolated with several metal-based counterions, varying in size and coordinating abilities ([AlCl4 ](-) , [AlBr4 ](-) , [(SnCl)(GaCl4 )2 ](-) , and [Al(OC(CF3 )3 )4 ](-) ). A variety of aggregation patterns in the solid state has been revealed based on different intermolecular interactions ranging from cation-anion to π-π stacking and to halogen⋅⋅⋅π interactions. For the [C20 H10 CH2 Cl](+) ion crystallized with several different counterions, the conformation of the R group attached to the central five-membered ring of corannulene moiety was found to depend on the solid-state environment defined by the identity of anions. Solution NMR and UV/Vis investigations have been used to complement the X-ray diffraction studies for this series of corannulene-based cations and to demonstrate their different association patterns with the solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dubceac
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462
| | - Alexander V Zabula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 (USA)
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 (USA)
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462.
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11
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Varanasi SR, Guskova OA, John A, Sommer JU. Water around fullerene shape amphiphiles: A molecular dynamics simulation study of hydrophobic hydration. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:224308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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12
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González-Veloso I, Carrazana-García JA, Josa D, Rodríguez-Otero J, Cabaleiro-Lago EM. NCI analysis of the interaction cation⋯π in complexes with molecular bowls derived from fullerene. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Rodríguez-Sanz AA, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. Interaction between the guanidinium cation and aromatic amino acids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22499-512. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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14
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Campo-Cacharrón A, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, González-Veloso I, Rodríguez-Otero J. Interaction of Anions with Substituted Buckybowls. The Anion’s Nature and Solvent Effects. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:6112-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5058463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Campo-Cacharrón
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo. Avda. Alfonso X
El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo. Avda. Alfonso X
El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Iván González-Veloso
- Departamento
de Química Física, Centro de investigación en
Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares, CIQUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Departamento
de Química Física, Centro de investigación en
Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares, CIQUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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15
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Campo-Cacharrón A, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. Interaction between ions and substituted buckybowls: A comprehensive computational study. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1533-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Campo-Cacharrón
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo; Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n 27002 Lugo Galicia Spain
| | - Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo; Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n 27002 Lugo Galicia Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Departamento de Química Física, Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente, s/n; Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
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16
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Schmidt BM, Lentz D. Syntheses and Properties of Buckybowls Bearing Electron-withdrawing Groups. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
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17
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Sánchez-Lozano M, Estévez CM, Hermida-Ramón JM. Theoretical design of molecular grippers for anion recognition based on subporphyrazines and subphthalocyanines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:6108-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55491k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanines are used as frameworks to build chromogenic grippers for anion capture, even in solvents like water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sánchez-Lozano
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Estévez
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Jose M. Hermida-Ramón
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo, Spain
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18
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Josa D, Azevedo dos Santos L, González-Veloso I, Rodríguez-Otero J, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, de Castro Ramalho T. Ring-annelated corannulenes as fullerene receptors. A DFT-D study. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02744b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring-annelated corannulenes behave as better C60/C70 receptor than corannulene C20H10. The interaction is dominated by dispersion, with CH⋯π interactions playing a very important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Josa
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucas Azevedo dos Santos
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Lavras
- Campus Universitário UFLA
- 37200-000 Lavras, Brazil
| | - Iván González-Veloso
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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19
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Schmidt BM, Topolinski B, Yamada M, Higashibayashi S, Shionoya M, Sakurai H, Lentz D. Fluorinated and trifluoromethylated corannulenes. Chemistry 2013; 19:13872-80. [PMID: 24009101 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses and properties of corannulenes carrying electron-withdrawing groups (F, CF3 , C6 F5 ) are reported. Direct fluorination of corannulene (C20 H10 ) was carried out with xenon difluoride, and the crystal structure of the product was confirmed by the X-ray analysis. Novel trifluoromethylated corannulenes, including the versatile 4,9-dibromo-1,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)corannulene, were obtained by various established ring-closing reactions. Besides the use of hexafluorobutyne for the construction of fluoranthenes by Diels-Alder reaction as precursor molecules to form 1,2-disubstituted corannulenes, bis(pentafluorophenyl)acetylene was employed as dienophile. The molecular structure and crystal packing of a trifluoromethylated corannulene was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis and compared with those known brominated and trifluoromethylated corannulenes. The general electron-acceptor properties of corannulenes bearing substituents introduced in particular positions by liquid-phase synthesis are discussed together with published computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd M Schmidt
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin (Germany); Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787 (Japan)
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20
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Tsipis AC. Binding of cerium monoxide to annulenes and buckybowls. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14917-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41457k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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