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Kozlov VA, Aleksanyan DV, Churusova SG, Spiridonov AA, Rybalkina EY, Gutsul EI, Aksenova SA, Korlyukov AA, Peregudov AS, Klemenkova ZS. Unsymmetrical Pd(II) Pincer Complexes with Benzothiazole and Thiocarbamate Flanking Units: Expedient Solvent-Free Synthesis and Anticancer Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17331. [PMID: 38139160 PMCID: PMC10744248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Driven by the growing threat of cancer, many research efforts are directed at developing new chemotherapeutic agents, where the central role is played by transition metal complexes. The proper ligand design serves as a key factor to unlock the anticancer potential of a particular metal center. Following a recent trend, we have prepared unsymmetrical pincer ligands that combine benzothiazole and thiocarbamate donor groups. These compounds are shown to readily undergo direct cyclopalladation, affording the target S,C,N-type Pd(II) pincer complexes both in solution and in the absence of a solvent. The solid-phase strategy provided the complexes in an efficient and ecologically friendly manner. The resulting palladacycles are fully characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy and, in one case, by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The solvent-free reactions are additionally analyzed by powder XRD. The pincer complexes exhibit remarkable cytotoxicity against several solid and blood cancer cell lines, including human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), breast cancer (MCF7), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), multiple plasmacytoma (AMO1), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (H9), with the dimethylamino-substituted derivative being particularly effective. The latter also induced an appreciable level of apoptosis in both parental and doxorubicin-resistant cells K562 and K562/iS9, vindicating the high anticancer potential of this type of palladacycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Kozlov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Diana V. Aleksanyan
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
- Scientific Laboratory “Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies”, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyi per. 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana G. Churusova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Aleksandr A. Spiridonov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Rybalkina
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe shosse 23, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgenii I. Gutsul
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Svetlana A. Aksenova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Alexander A. Korlyukov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Alexander S. Peregudov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
| | - Zinaida S. Klemenkova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Str. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (S.G.C.); (A.A.S.); (E.I.G.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (A.S.P.); (Z.S.K.)
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Aleksanyan DV, Churusova SG, Dubasova EV, Ananyev IV, Artyushin OI, Peregudov AS, Klemenkova ZS, Denisov GL, Kozlov VA. Experimental and computational insights into the direct cyclopalladation of different unsymmetrical, yet closely related pincer ligands with thione sulfur donors. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Siddhartha, Rangarajan S, Kunchur HS, Balakrishna MS. A greener approach towards the synthesis of N-heterocyclic thiones and selones using the mechanochemical technique. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15750-15761. [PMID: 36178103 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the synthesis of N-heterocyclic thiones and selones of a variety of imidazolium salts involving an eco-friendly and solventless ball-milling technique. The products have been isolated in almost quantitative yield, involving a minimum quantity of solvents only for the isolation of products by column chromatography, and in some cases for purification purposes. Both mono- and bisimidazolium salts afforded N-heterocyclic thiones and selones. The methodology is found to be superior in terms of reaction time, yield and energy efficiency as compared to conventional solution-state reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Shalini Rangarajan
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Harish S Kunchur
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Maravanji S Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Sogukomerogullari HG. Molecular docking-assisted investigation of Pd(II) complexes carrying "SNS" pincer-type pyridine-thioether ligand as potential drug candidates against COVID-19. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105512. [PMID: 35429834 PMCID: PMC8994705 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a threat to public health throughout the world since the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in late 2019. Since the beginning of the pandemic, scientists have done a tremendous amount of work in this area. However, among these studies, the investigation of the effect of newly synthesized compounds against coronavirus is rather weak. Examining the newly synthesized compounds with a computer-assisted molecular docking study provides quite an advantage in terms of the estimation and analysis of the biochemical activity and binding affinity of existing synthesized compounds against a biological target in a labor, time, and cost-saving way. In this study, the SNS pincer type 2,6-bis[[(4-methylphenyl)thio]methyl]pyridine ligand(L) (1) and its novel Pd(II) complexes ([Pd(κ2-L)(OAc)2]·3H2O (2) and [Pd(κ2-L)Cl2]·3H2O (3)) were synthesized and characterized by using FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR, mass and elemental analysis techniques. The synthesized Pd complexes exhibited a square planar structure. The compounds were found to have non-electrolytic behavior. In the meantime, in silico investigations have defined and justified interaction processes between these molecules and Pd(II) at the atomic level. Furthermore, using molecular docking against target proteins of SARS-CoV-2, the efficiency of the SNS pincer type ligand and its Pd (II) complexes produced was studied and discussed for the first time. The experimental data has been supported and illuminated using computational visual methods and molecular docking, and the findings produced indicate compatibility. The binding energy values of the relevant compounds on the four protein model structures of SARS-CoV-2 (Main Protease, Papain-like protease, RdRp without RNA, and RdRp with RNA) are represented. Compound 2 ([Pd(κ2-L)(OAc)2]·3H2O) is the structure that exhibits the highest biochemical activity. According to all of the docking studies, Papain-like protease is the SARS-CoV-2 protein with which the three compounds exhibit mutual interaction. The compound 2 structure, in particular, is the most effective in terms of structural and interaction with the targets, as well as binding orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Gamze Sogukomerogullari
- Medical Services and Techniques Department, Health Services Vocational School, Gaziantep University, 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey.
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Jain VK. Cyclometalated group-16 compounds of palladium and platinum: Challenges and opportunities. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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New tripodal ligand on the triphenylphosphine oxide platform with 1,2,3-triazole side arms: synthesis, structure, coordination, and extraction properties. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-020-02702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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González-Sebastián L, Morales-Morales D. Cross-coupling reactions catalysed by palladium pincer complexes. A review of recent advances. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Aleksanyan DV, Churusova SG, Klemenkova ZS, Aysin RR, Rybalkina EY, Nelyubina YV, Artyushin OI, Peregudov AS, Kozlov VA. Extending the Application Scope of Organophosphorus(V) Compounds in Palladium(II) Pincer Chemistry. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana V. Aleksanyan
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Svetlana G. Churusova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Zinaida S. Klemenkova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Rinat R. Aysin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Rybalkina
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoe shosse 24, Moscow, 115478 Russia
| | - Yulia V. Nelyubina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 117901 Russia
| | - Oleg I. Artyushin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Alexander S. Peregudov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Kozlov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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Balázs LB, Tay WS, Li Y, Pullarkat SA, Leung PH. Synthesis of Stereoprojecting, Chiral N-C(sp3)-E Type Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- László B. Balázs
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Wee Shan Tay
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Sumod A. Pullarkat
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Pak-Hing Leung
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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10
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Churusova SG, Aleksanyan DV, Vasil'ev AA, Rybalkina EY, Susova OY, Klemenkova ZS, Aysin RR, Nelyubina YV, Kozlov VA. Design of pincer complexes based on (methylsulfanyl)acetic/propionic acid amides with ancillary S- and N-donors as potential catalysts and cytotoxic agents. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana G. Churusova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Vavilova 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Diana V. Aleksanyan
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Vavilova 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Andrei A. Vasil'ev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninskii pr. 47 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Rybalkina
- Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center; Institute of Carcinogenesis; Kashirskoe sh. 24 Moscow 115478 Russia
| | - Olga Yu. Susova
- Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center; Institute of Carcinogenesis; Kashirskoe sh. 24 Moscow 115478 Russia
| | - Zinaida S. Klemenkova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Vavilova 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Rinat R. Aysin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Vavilova 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Yulia V. Nelyubina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Vavilova 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninskii pr. 31 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Kozlov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Vavilova 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
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11
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Churusova SG, Aleksanyan DV, Rybalkina EY, Susova OY, Brunova VV, Aysin RR, Nelyubina YV, Peregudov AS, Gutsul EI, Klemenkova ZS, Kozlov VA. Highly Cytotoxic Palladium(II) Pincer Complexes Based on Picolinylamides Functionalized with Amino Acids Bearing Ancillary S-Donor Groups. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:9834-9850. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana G. Churusova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Diana V. Aleksanyan
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Rybalkina
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Olga Yu. Susova
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Valentina V. Brunova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Rinat R. Aysin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yulia V. Nelyubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Peregudov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgenii I. Gutsul
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Zinaida S. Klemenkova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Kozlov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov
Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
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13
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Aleksanyan DV, Klemenkova ZS, Vasil'ev AA, Gorenberg AY, Nelyubina YV, Kozlov VA. Solid-phase cyclopalladation in S,C,S′-pincer systems: rising alternative for synthesis in solution. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3216-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03477e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopalladation of pincer ligands can proceed efficiently in the solid state, serving as a powerful alternative for synthesis in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V. Aleksanyan
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Zinaida S. Klemenkova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Andrei A. Vasil'ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Arkadii Ya. Gorenberg
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Yulia V. Nelyubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Kozlov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
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Zabierowski P, Matoga D, Nitek W. Cobalt(ii) and copper(ii) supramolecular networks with a 1-iminoisoindoline asymmetric pincer. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02063h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The first synthesis and characterization of cobalt(ii) and copper(ii) complexes with an in situ prepared novel asymmetric trinitrogen isoindoline-based pincer type ligand, N-(2-picolyl)isoindoline-1-(2-picolyl)imine (pap), are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dariusz Matoga
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Kraków
- Poland
| | - Wojciech Nitek
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Kraków
- Poland
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Batema GD, Lutz M, Spek AL, van Walree CA, van Klink GPM, van Koten G. Organometallic benzylidene anilines: donor–acceptor features in NCN-pincer Pt(ii) complexes with a 4-(E)-[(4-R-phenyl)imino]methyl substituent. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:12200-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inductively the Pt-moiety in these organometallic benzylidene anilines is a very strong electron-withdrawing group, but mesomerically a very strong electron-donating group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido D. Batema
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Faculty of Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony L. Spek
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A. van Walree
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Faculty of Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
| | - Gerard P. M. van Klink
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Faculty of Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard van Koten
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Faculty of Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Kachala VV, Khemchyan LL, Kashin AS, Orlov NV, Grachev AA, Zalesskiy SS, Ananikov VP. Target-oriented analysis of gaseous, liquid and solid chemical systems by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron microscopy. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n07abeh004413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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