1
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Hui BYK, Chin KLO, Lim JJL, Soo XYD, Lu X, Zhu Q, Liu X, Xu J, Chua MH. Strategies to Enhance the Electrochromic Properties of Conjugated Polymers Bearing Pyromellitic Diimide Acceptors. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400236. [PMID: 38679783 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
A series of conjugated polymers bearing thiophene-based donors and pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) acceptor were prepared, and their electrochromic (EC) properties were studied via using fabricated thin-film EC devices. It was observed that structurally regular alternating polymers with fewer (1 and 2) thiophene donors do not exhibit any EC properties while increasing the number of donors eventually led to the emergence of orange-red-to-green colour switching. On this basis, two more random co-polymers containing higher donor-to-acceptor ratios were synthesized to further improve EC switching properties. The two polymers, which bear a PMDI-to-thiophene ratio of ca. 1 : 7 and 1 : 8, revealed orange red-to-blue colour switching and generally improved optical contrasts and switching speeds in both the visible and near infra-red (NIR) region. In addition, the subtle modulation of polymer colour and hue via variation of the number of thiophene donors was evident through colorimetric study. This work therefore demonstrates the potential and possibility of using the PMDI acceptor unit to construct EC-active conjugated polymers, and considerations for future tuning of colour and switching performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Yat Kit Hui
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833
- Science, Math and Technology Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372
| | - Kang Le Osmund Chin
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833
| | - Jovan Jun Long Lim
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Xiang Yun Debbie Soo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634
| | - Xuehong Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Science, Math and Technology Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543
| | - Ming Hui Chua
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833
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2
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Torres-Moya I. Powerful Role of Benzotriazole Polymers and Small Molecules in Organic Solar Cells. Chempluschem 2024:e202400267. [PMID: 38797708 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In the dynamic landscape of renewable energy technologies, organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged as frontrunners, offering a sustainable and promising alternative for harnessing solar energy. This review article delves into the recent strides made in leveraging the potential of the benzotriazole nucleus within the context of organic solar cells. The unique electronic properties of benzotriazole, coupled with its structural adaptability, position it as a key component in the pursuit of enhancing OSC performance. As researchers delve deeper into the intricacies of this compound, a clearer understanding of its impact on light absorption, charge transport, and overall device stability emerges. The exploration of recent literature in the last three years reveals a rich landscape with innovation and discovery, showcasing the diverse approaches taken to incorporate benzotriazole into different OSC architectures. From fundamental studies elucidating its electronic interactions to applied research refining its integration strategies, the potential of benzotriazole in advancing the capabilities of organic solar cells becomes increasingly evident, and showing that, with the most important advances in the last three years, is the main goal of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Torres-Moya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Murcia Faculty of Chemistry, c/Campus Universitario s/n. Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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3
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Dai Z, Guo Q, Ding Y, Wang Z, Jiang N, Zhou E. Constructing D-π-A Type Polymers as Dopant-Free Hole Transport Materials for High-Performance CsPbI 2Br Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9784-9791. [PMID: 36757325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hole-transporting materials (HTMs) play a major role in efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially for CsPbI2Br inorganic PSC. Among them, dopant-free conjugated polymers attract more attention because of the advantages of high hole mobility and high stability. However, the relationship between the polymer structure and the photovoltaic performance is rarely investigated. In this work, we choose three similar D-π-A-type polymers, where the D unit and π-bridge are fixed into benzodithiophene and thiophene, respectively. By changing the A units from classic benzodithiophene-4,8-dione and benzotriazole to quinoxaline, three polymers PBDB-T, J52, and PE61 are utilized as dopant-free HTMs for CsPbI2Br PSCs. The energy levels, hole mobility, and molecular stacking of the three HTMs, as well as charge transfer between CsPbI2Br/HTMs, are fully investigated. Finally, the device based on PE61 HTM obtains the champion power conversion efficiency of 16.72%, obviously higher than PBDB-T (15.13%) and J52 (15.52%). In addition, the device based on PE61 HTM displays the best long-term stability. Those results demonstrate that quinoxaline is also an effective A unit to construct D-π-A-type polymers as HTMs and improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Dai
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yuanjia Ding
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Naizhong Jiang
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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4
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Wang Z, Wu X, Li H, Yu J, Wang Y, Lu P. Design and Synthesis of Benzoheterodiazole-based Fluorescent Compounds for Emitting Applications. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201230. [PMID: 36527311 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Benzoheterodiazole-based fluorophores with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties are synthesized and their photophysical properties in different states (solution, film, and powder) are investigated. These compounds present excellent thermal stability, and the decomposition temperature is above 300 °C. Among these compounds, the fluorophores with triphenylamine (TPA) group present better fluorescent emissions in solutions as well as in aggregated states, and the highest solution fluorescent efficiency is up to 75.2% in solution. Meanwhile, the fluorescent compounds terminated with triphenylethene (TPE) exhibit the classical AIE properties. Furthermore, these compounds might be used as emissive layers for the fabrication of red, orange and green organic light emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hanjie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jinghan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanguang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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5
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Gao Z, Kong L, Ming S, Du H, Zhang Y, Zhao J. D-A type ambipolar electrochromic copolymers based on dithienopyrrole, 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene and benzotriazole units with dual fading processes. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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6
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Lin K, Wu C, Zhang G, Wu Z, Tang S, Lin Y, Li X, Jiang Y, Lin H, Wang Y, Ming S, Lu B. Toward High-Performance Electrochromic Conjugated Polymers: Influence of Local Chemical Environment and Side-Chain Engineering. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238424. [PMID: 36500516 PMCID: PMC9741092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Three homologous electrochromic conjugated polymers, each containing an asymmetric building block but decorated with distinct alkyl chains, were designed and synthesized using electrochemical polymerization in this study. The corresponding monomers, namely T610FBTT810, DT6FBT, and DT48FBT, comprise the same backbone structure, i.e., an asymmetric 5-fluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole unit substituted by two thiophene terminals, but were decorated with different types of alkyl chain (hexyl, 2-butyloctyl, 2-hexyldecyl, or 2-octyldecyl). The effects of the side-chain structure and asymmetric repeating unit on the optical absorption, electrochemistry, morphology, and electrochromic properties were investigated comparatively. It was found that the electrochromism conjugated polymer, originating from DT6FBT with the shortest and linear alkyl chain, exhibits the best electrochromic performance with a 25% optical contrast ratio and a 0.3 s response time. The flexible electrochromic device of PDT6FBT achieved reversible colors of navy and cyan between the neutral and oxidized states, consistent with the non-device phenomenon. These results demonstrate that subtle modification of the side chain is able to change the electrochromic properties of conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Lin
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.W.); (S.M.); Tel.: +86-0760-8832-5742 (K.L.); Fax: +86-791-8382-3320 (K.L.)
| | - Changjun Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Guangyao Zhang
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shiting Tang
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Yingxin Lin
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Xinye Li
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Hengjia Lin
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Department of Materials and Food, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.W.); (S.M.); Tel.: +86-0760-8832-5742 (K.L.); Fax: +86-791-8382-3320 (K.L.)
| | - Shouli Ming
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.W.); (S.M.); Tel.: +86-0760-8832-5742 (K.L.); Fax: +86-791-8382-3320 (K.L.)
| | - Baoyang Lu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
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7
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Jessop IA, Cutipa J, Perez Y, Saldías C, Fuentealba D, Tundidor-Camba A, Terraza CA, Camarada MB, Angel FA. New Benzotriazole and Benzodithiophene-Based Conjugated Terpolymer Bearing a Fluorescein Derivative as Side-Group: In-Ternal Förster Resonance Energy Transfer to Improve Organic Solar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112901. [PMID: 36361692 PMCID: PMC9657233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new benzodithiophene and benzotriazole-based terpolymer bearing a fluorescein derivative as a side group was synthesized and studied for organic solar cell (OSC) applications. This side group was covalently bounded to the backbone through an n-hexyl chain to induce the intramolecular Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) process and thus improve the photovoltaic performance of the polymeric material. The polymer exhibited good solubility in common organic chlorinated solvents as well as thermal stability (TDT10% > 360 °C). Photophysical measurements demonstrated the occurrence of the FRET phenomenon between the lateral group and the terpolymer. The terpolymer exhibited an absorption band centered at 501 nm, an optical bandgap of 2.02 eV, and HOMO and LUMO energy levels of −5.30 eV and −3.28 eV, respectively. A preliminary study on terpolymer-based OSC devices showed a low power-conversion efficiency (PCE) but a higher performance than devices based on an analogous polymer without the fluorescein derivative. These results mean that the design presented here is a promising strategy to improve the performance of polymers used in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio A. Jessop
- Organic and Polymeric Materials Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, P.O. Box 7-D, Arica 1000007, Chile
- Correspondence: (I.A.J.); (F.A.A.)
| | - Josefa Cutipa
- Organic and Polymeric Materials Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, P.O. Box 7-D, Arica 1000007, Chile
| | - Yasmín Perez
- Organic and Polymeric Materials Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, P.O. Box 7-D, Arica 1000007, Chile
| | - Cesar Saldías
- Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Alain Tundidor-Camba
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Faculty of Chemistry and of Pharmacy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- UC Energy Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Claudio A. Terraza
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Faculty of Chemistry and of Pharmacy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- UC Energy Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - María B. Camarada
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Felipe A. Angel
- UC Energy Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Correspondence: (I.A.J.); (F.A.A.)
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8
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Tamba S, Nitani M, Seo T, Nitta H, Tanaka H, Hagiya K, Aso Y, Ie Y. Tetrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine-Containing π-Conjugated Systems: Synthesis, Properties, and Semiconducting Characteristics. Org Lett 2022; 24:3792-3796. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Tamba
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Masashi Nitani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takuji Seo
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hajime Nitta
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hikaru Tanaka
- Toyobo Co., Ltd., 2-1-1 Katata, Otsu, Shiga 520-0292, Japan
| | | | - Yoshio Aso
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ie
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Karpagam S, Anupriya P, Supraja N. Effects of chemical dopants on the luminescence, bandgap and electrochemical conductivity of the thiophene-based benzothiadiazole-conjugated polymers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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10
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Lin K, Chen H, Liang H, Tan J, Zhou D, Zhang X, Liu F, Wang YH. Benzotriazole-EDOT electrochromic conjugated polymers perform sub-second response time and 774 cm2C-1 coloration efficiency. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02879d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of double fluorine substitution on the optical, electrochemical, thermodynamic, morphological and electrochromic properties of electrochromic polymers, two benzotriazole-EDOT electrochromic conjugated polymers of PBTz-E and P2F-BTz-E were...
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11
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Woods EF, Berl AJ, Kantt LP, Eckdahl CT, Wasielewski MR, Haines BE, Kalow JA. Light Directs Monomer Coordination in Catalyst-Free Grignard Photopolymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18755-18765. [PMID: 34699721 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
π-Conjugated polymers can serve as active layers in flexible and lightweight electronics and are conventionally synthesized by transition-metal-mediated polycondensation at elevated temperatures. We recently reported a photopolymerization of electron-deficient heteroaryl Grignard monomers that enables the catalyst-free synthesis of n-type π-conjugated polymers. Herein, we describe an experimental and computational investigation into the mechanism of this photopolymerization. Spectroscopic studies performed in situ and after quenching reveal that the propagating chain is a radical anion with halide end groups. DFT calculations for model oligomers suggest a Mg-templated SRN1-type coupling, in which Grignard monomer coordination to the radical anion chain avoids the formation of free sp2 radicals and allows C-C bond formation with very low barriers. We find that light plays an unusual role in the reaction, photoexciting the radical anion chain to shift electron density to the termini and thus enabling productive monomer binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot F Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alexandra J Berl
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leanna P Kantt
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher T Eckdahl
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brandon E Haines
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, 955 La Paz Rd, Santa Barbara, California 93108, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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12
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Abstract
Multifunctionality is a desirable aspect in materials science. Indeed, the development of multifunctional compounds is crucial for sustainable chemistry by saving resources and time. In this sense, 2H-benzo[d]1,2,3-triazole (BTz) is an excellent candidate with promising characteristics, including its ability to self-assemble; its acceptor character, which enables the synthesis of donor-acceptor structures; and its facile modulation using standard chemical methods. Thus, due to its interesting properties, it is possible to produce different derivatives with applications in different fields, as summarized in this article, with the correct substitution at the BTz cores. Optoelectronic or biomedical applications, amongst others, are highlighted.
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13
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Zhao Y, Mandal D, Guo J, Wu Y, Stephan DW. B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed site-selective N1-alkylation of benzotriazoles with diazoalkanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7758-7761. [PMID: 34254070 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03048e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkylation of benzotriazoles is synthetically challenging, often leading to mixtures of N1 and N2 alkylation. Herein, metal-free catalytic site-selective N1-alkylation of benzotriazoles with diazoalkanes is described in the presence of 10 mol% of B(C6F5)3. These reactions provide N1-alkylated benzotriazoles in good to excellent yields and this protocol is successfully adapted to gram-scale syntheses as well as a derivative with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dipendu Mandal
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yile Wu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China. and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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14
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Zhang Y, Kong L, Du Y, Zhao J, Xie Y. Novel Thiadiazolobenzotriazole Based Donor–Acceptor Type Conjugated Polymers as Neutral Green Electrochromic Materials. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Lingqian Kong
- Dongchang College Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Yuchang Du
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Yichun University Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Yu Xie
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 P. R. China
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15
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Tang S, Yu J, Shao Y, Sun J. Scandium-catalyzed highly selective N2-alkylation of benzotriazoles with cyclohexanones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A scandium-catalyzed highly N2-selective alkylation of benzotriazoles with cyclohexanones has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
| | - Jianliang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
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16
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Li T, Atish C, Silambarasan K, Liu X, O'Mullane AP. Development of an interfacial osmosis diffusion method to prepare imine-based covalent organic polymer electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Lin K, Li C, Tao W, Huang J, Wu Q, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Wang D, Liu X. Electrochemical Synthesis and Electro-Optical Properties of Dibenzothiophene/Thiophene Conjugated Polymers With Stepwise Enhanced Conjugation Lengths. Front Chem 2020; 8:819. [PMID: 33102439 PMCID: PMC7505771 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of six conjugated polymers, namely PDBT-Th, PDBT-Th:Th, PDBT-2Th, PDBT-Th:2Th, PDBT-2Th:Th, and PDBT-2Th:2Th, consisting of dibenzothiophene, thiophene, and bithiophene were electrochemically synthesized. Their electrochemical and electrochromic properties were investigated in relation to the conjugation chain lengths of the thiophene units in the conjugated backbones. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that longer conjugation lengths resulted in decreased HOMO-LUMO gaps in the polymers. The optical band gaps (Eg,opt) and electrochemical band gaps (Eg,cv) were decreased from PDBT-Th to PDBT-Th:Th, however, PDBT-Th:2Th, PDBT-2Th, PDBT-2Th:Th and PDBT-2Th:2Th displayed the similar band gaps. The conjugation length increments significantly improved the electrochemical stability of the conjugated polymers and exhibited reversible color changes due to the formation of polarons and bipolarons. The results suggest that the conjugated polymers prepared herein are promising candidates for fabricating flexible organic electrochromic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Lin
- Department of Materials and Food, Zhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan, China
| | - Caiting Li
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Wang Tao
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jilong Huang
- Department of Materials and Food, Zhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zijin Liu
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yangfan Zhang
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Da Wang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
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18
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Yang J, Duan J, Wang G, Zhou H, Ma B, Wu C, Xiao J. Visible-Light-Promoted Site-Selective N1-Alkylation of Benzotriazoles with α-Diazoacetates. Org Lett 2020; 22:7284-7289. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiaokui Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ganggang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ben Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chengqi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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19
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Synthesis and Characterization of Benzotriazole-Based Polymer Donors with Good Planarity for Organic Photovoltaics. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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da Silva ER, Hinojosa ARC, Eccher J, Tonet MD, Brondani D, Zapp E, Curcio SF, Postacchini BB, Cazati T, Vieira AA. Strongly luminescent and liquid-crystalline π-conjugated 2-methyl[1,2,3]benzotriazoles with a linear donor-acceptor-donor structure. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Yellow-to-transmissive electrochromic poly(dibenzothiophene/dibenzofuran-bithiophene). J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Kok C, Doyranli C, Canımkurbey B, Pıravadılı Mucur S, Koyuncu S. Effect of thiophene linker addition to fluorene-benzotriazole polymers with the purpose of achieving white emission in OLEDs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18639-18647. [PMID: 35518315 PMCID: PMC9053908 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the purpose of obtaining white emission from single layer organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), fluorene benzotriazole based polymers with double bond subunits (namely TP2 and SP3 with and without thiophene linker, respectively) were synthesized by a Suzuki cross-coupling polymerization reaction. SP3 and TP2 were used as an emissive layer of the OLED devices due to their outstanding solubility in organic solvents, photoluminescence intensity and morphological suitability for fine thin film-forming capability. The optical, electrochemical, light emission and electroluminescence characteristics, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and admittance spectroscopic analysis of OLEDs based on SP3 and TP2 were realized in detail to understand the effects of thiophene linker addition as a donor unit to the main chain of fluorene benzotriazole based polymers. As a result, TP2 emitted a bright yellow emission with a maximum brightness of 243 cd m−2 at 40 mA cm−2, and a maximum current efficiency of 1.38 cd A−1 with more broad electroluminescence characteristics than SP3 polymer without the thiophene linker. SP3 emitted a greenish yellow emission with a maximum brightness of 1001 cd m−2 at 845 mA cm−2, and a maximum current efficiency of 0.33 cd A−1. Carrier transport properties, charge carrier transit time and the equivalent circuit modelling studies were obtained through admittance spectroscopy. An equivalent circuit model with a combination of two resistors and one capacitor explained the charge conduction mechanism of SP3 and TP2 based OLEDs. SP3 and TP2 OLED devices represented typical p-type transporting characteristics with mobilities of 0.073 and 0.017 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively with simplified device configuration. All the results indicate that thiophene addition to the main chain of fluorene benzotriazole based polymers with double bond subunits lead to a promising candidate for white emissive materials used in single layer white OLEDs. Fluorene-benzotriazole based polymers with double bound subunits were prepared for white light electroluminescence applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Kok
- Department of Energy Resources and Management, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17020 Çanakkale Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ceylan Doyranli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Betül Canımkurbey
- S. Şerefeddin Health Services Vocational School, Amasya University Amasya 05100 Turkey.,Central Research Laboratory, Amasya University 05100 Amasya Turkey
| | - Selin Pıravadılı Mucur
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center (MAM), The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) 41470 Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Department of Energy Resources and Management, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17020 Çanakkale Turkey.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17100 Canakkale Turkey
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23
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Kwon S, Hwang YH, Nam M, Chae H, Lee HS, Jeon Y, Lee S, Kim CY, Choi S, Jeong EG, Choi KC. Recent Progress of Fiber Shaped Lighting Devices for Smart Display Applications-A Fibertronic Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903488. [PMID: 31483540 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advances in material science and nanotechnology have fostered the miniaturization of devices. Over the past two decades, the form-factor of these devices has evolved from 3D rigid, volumetric devices through 2D film-based flexible electronics, finally to 1D fiber electronics (fibertronics). In this regard, fibertronic strategies toward wearable applications (e.g., electronic textiles (e-textiles)) have attracted considerable attention thanks to their capability to impart various functions into textiles with retaining textiles' intrinsic properties as well as imperceptible irritation by foreign matters. In recent years, extensive research has been carried out to develop various functional devices in the fiber form. Among various features, lighting and display features are the highly desirable functions in wearable electronics. This article discusses the recent progress of materials, architectural designs, and new fabrication technologies of fiber-shaped lighting devices and the current challenges corresponding to each device's operating mechanism. Moreover, opportunities and applications that the revolutionary convergence between the state-of-the-art fibertronic technology and age-long textile industry will bring in the future are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonil Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ha Hwang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Nam
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwook Chae
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seung Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Jeon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeop Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Gyo Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheol Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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24
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Yahata K, Kaneko Y, Akai S. Cobalt-Catalyzed Intermolecular Markovnikov Hydroamination of Nonactivated Olefins: N2-Selective Alkylation of Benzotriazole. Org Lett 2020; 22:598-603. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenzo Yahata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Kaneko
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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25
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Soylemez S, Bekmezci SA, Goker S, Toppare L. Fabrication of a Novel Polymeric Scaffold for Amperometric Laccase Biosensor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seza Goker
- Department of ChemistryMiddle East Technical University Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Solid Propellant DepartmentRoketsan Missiles Inc. Ankara 06780 Turkey
| | - Levent Toppare
- Department of BiotechnologyMiddle East Technical University Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of ChemistryMiddle East Technical University Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyMiddle East Technical University Ankara 06800 Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GUNAM)Middle East Technical University Ankara 06800 Turkey
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26
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Zhang J, Ma H. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures of Imides Condensed with p-Phenylamino(Phenyl) Amine and Fluorescence Property. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1873. [PMID: 31185634 PMCID: PMC6600954 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of aromatic diimide and monoimide compounds condensed with p-phenylamino(phenyl)amine were synthesized and confirmed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Elemental Analysis (EA), and High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy (HRMS). Meanwhile, single crystal X-ray diffraction showed the existence of intermolecular N···O hydrogen bonds, which affected the thermal stabilities of corresponding compounds by the support of Thermalgravimetric Analysis (TGA) curves. The steady-state UV-vis absorption peaks of synthetic compounds 1-6 appeared in the range of 220-380 nm. Fluorescence emission spectra showed peaks in the range of 290-420 nm. Meanwhile, deep-blue or violet-blue emissions for 2, 4, and 5 in THF under excitations of 254 nm and 365 nm, respectively, were observed at room temperature in air. Furthermore, Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammogram CV were conducted within -1.5-+1.5 V to show quasi-reversible behavior for conjugated compounds and irreversible behavior for less conjugated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Huaibo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
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27
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Photovoltaic and Charge Transport Behavior of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Based Compounds with A–D–A–D–A Skeleton. J CLUST SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Hacioglu SO, Ataoglu E, Hizalan G, Depci T, Cirpan A, Toppare L. Thiadiazoloquinoxaline and benzodithiophene bearing polymers for electrochromic and organic photovoltaic applications. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2019.1577847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serife O. Hacioglu
- Department of Engineering Science, Iskenderun Technical University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Emre Ataoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gonul Hizalan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tolga Depci
- Department of Engineering Science, Iskenderun Technical University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ali Cirpan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GÜNAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Toppare
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GÜNAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Wang X, Tang A, Chen F, Zhou E. Side-chain effect in ethenylene fused thiophene-vinylene-thiophene (ETVT) based photovoltaic polymers. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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30
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Demir F, Keles D, Karabag A, Cirpan A, Toppare L. A novel multi-electrochromic polymer based on selenophene and benzotriazole via electrochemical and chemical polymerization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1565541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Keles
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aliekber Karabag
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Cirpan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GUNAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Toppare
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GUNAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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31
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Yeh YM, Huang CH, Peng SH, Chang CC, Hsu CS. Synthesis of novel conjugated polymers based on benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]-bis([1,2,3]triazole) for applications in organic field-effect transistors. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01526k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New conjugated polymers based on 4,8-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,6-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-2H-benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]- bis([1,2,3]triazole)-6-ium-5-ide (BTBBTa) displayed the highest hole mobility of 0.21 cm2 V−1 s−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ming Yeh
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Hui Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chih Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
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32
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Cheng X, Ju X, Du H, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Xie Y. Synthesis and characterization of novel donor-acceptor type electrochromic polymers containing diketopyrrolopyrrole as an acceptor and propylenedioxythiophene or indacenodithiophene as a donor. RSC Adv 2018; 8:23119-23129. [PMID: 35540135 PMCID: PMC9081592 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of low band gap donor-acceptor conjugated polymers (P1-P3) with backbones composed of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) and indacenodithiophene (IDT) units were designed and synthesized using the Stille coupling reaction. The optical, electrochemical and electrochromic properties of the resultant polymers were thoroughly characterized. These polymers showed exceptional solubility in common organic solvents and displayed thermal stability at a high temperature. The optical and electrochemical measurements revealed slight variations in the maximum absorptions and oxidation peaks depending on the intrinsic D-A ratio in each polymer, and narrow band gaps lower than 1.60 eV were found for these polymers. Upon oxidation, the polymer films exhibit distinct color changes (pale violet-red to dark gray for P1, rosy brown to silver for P2, atrovirens to light grey for P3) in the VIS and NIR regions. Moreover, the electrochromic switching studies indicated that these polymers have favorable switching properties, such as rapid response speed and high optical contrast and coloration efficiency, and are outstanding candidates for electrochromic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University Nanyang 473061 P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Ju
- Dongchang College, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Du
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Yu Xie
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 P. R. China
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33
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Jessop IA, Díaz FR, Terraza CA, Tundidor-Camba A, Leiva Á, Cattin L, Bèrnede JC. PANI Branches onto Donor-Acceptor Copolymers: Synthesis, Characterization and Electroluminescent Properties of New 2D-Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E553. [PMID: 30966587 PMCID: PMC6415409 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of two-dimensional statistical conjugated polymers based on aniline and 9,9-dihexylfluorene as donor units and benzo- or naphtho-quinoxaline/thiadiazole derivatives as acceptor moieties, possessing PANI segments as side chains, were designed and synthesized. To investigate the effects of the perpendicular PANI branches on the properties of the main chain, the optical, electrochemical, morphological and electroluminescence properties were studied. The 2D materials tend to possess lower molecular weights and to absorb and to emit light red-shifted compared to the trunk 1D-polymers, in the yellow-red region of the visible spectrum. The 1D- and 2D-conjugated polymers present optical band gaps ranging from 2.15⁻2.55 eV, HOMO energy levels between -5.37 and -5.60 eV and LUMO energy levels between -3.02 and -3.29 eV. OLED devices based on these copolymers were fabricated. Although the performances were far from optimal due to the high turn-on voltages for which electroluminescence phenomena occur, a maximum luminescence of 55,100 cd/m² together with a current density of 65 mA/cm² at 18.5 V were recorded for a 2D-copolymer, PAFC6TBQ-PANI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio A Jessop
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, P.O. Box 7-D, Av. General Velásquez 1775, Arica, Chile.
| | - Fernando R Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Claudio A Terraza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago, Chile.
- UC Energy Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alain Tundidor-Camba
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago, Chile.
- UC Energy Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ángel Leiva
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Linda Cattin
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), CNRS, UMR 6502, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Jean-Christian Bèrnede
- MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS, UMR 6200, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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Li G, Yoon KY, Zhong X, Wang J, Zhang R, Guest JR, Wen J, Zhu XY, Dong G. A modular synthetic approach for band-gap engineering of armchair graphene nanoribbons. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1687. [PMID: 29703958 PMCID: PMC5924368 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great promise of armchair graphene nanoribbons (aGNRs) as high-performance semiconductors, practical band-gap engineering of aGNRs remains an unmet challenge. Given that width and edge structures are the two key factors for modulating band-gaps of aGNRs, a reliable synthetic method that allows control of both factors would be highly desirable. Here we report a simple modular strategy for efficient preparation of N = 6 aGNR, the narrowest member in the N = 3p (p: natural number) aGNR family, and two unsymmetrically edge-functionalized GNRs that contain benzothiadiazole and benzotriazole moieties. The trend of band-gap transitions among these GNRs parallels those in donor–acceptor alternating conjugated polymers. In addition, post-functionalization of the unsymmetrical heterocyclic edge via C–H borylation permits further band-gap tuning. Therefore, this method opens the door for convenient band-gap engineering of aGNRs through modifying the heteroarenes on the edge. Effective band-gap engineering of armchair graphene nanoribbons calls for control over both width and edge structure. Here, the authors report a modular synthesis of narrow N = 6 armchair graphene nanoribbons whose edges can be unsymmetrically modified with heteroarenes, introducing a simple way to tune band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Ki-Young Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Xinjue Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Guest
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - X-Y Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA.
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
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35
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Soganci T, Gumusay O, Soyleyici HC, Ak M. Synthesis of highly branched conducting polymer architecture for electrochromic applications. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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36
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Zhang Y, Kong L, Ju X, Zhao J. Effects of Fluoro Substitution on the Electrochromic Performance of Alternating Benzotriazole and Benzothiadiazole-Based Donor⁻Acceptor Type Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 10:E23. [PMID: 30966058 PMCID: PMC6414881 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new donor⁻acceptor type electrochromic copolymers containing non-fluorinated and di-fluorinated benzothiadiazole analogues, namely P(TBT-TBTh) and P(TBT-F-TBTh), were synthesized successfully through chemical polymerization. Both polymers were measured by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis spectroscopy, colorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis to study the influence of fluoro substitution on the electrochromic performance. The results demonstrated that the two polymer films displayed well-defined redox peaks in pairs during the p-type doping, and showed distinct color change from dark gray blue to light green for P(TBT-TBTh) with the band gap of 1.51 eV, and from gray blue to celandine green for P(TBT-F-TBTh) with the band gap of 1.58 eV. P(TBT-F-TBTh) presented lower highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, and better stability than P(TBT-TBTh). It was found that the two fluorine atoms participated in not only inductive effects but also mesomeric effects in the P(TBT-F-TBTh) backbone. In addition, the polymers exhibited high optical contrasts, short response time, and favorable coloration efficiency, especially in the near infrared region. The characterization results indicated that the two reported polymers can be the potential choice as electrochromic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Lingqian Kong
- Dongchang College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Xiuping Ju
- Dongchang College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
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37
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Hu B, Zhang X, Tian B, Qi Y, Lai X, Jin L. Synthesis, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of carbazole derivatives with ferrocene groups. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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38
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Lee MH, Kim J, Kang M, Kim J, Kang B, Hwang H, Cho K, Kim DY. Precise Side-Chain Engineering of Thienylenevinylene-Benzotriazole-Based Conjugated Polymers with Coplanar Backbone for Organic Field Effect Transistors and CMOS-like Inverters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:2758-2766. [PMID: 28004581 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two donor-acceptor (D-A) alternating conjugated polymers based on thienylenevinylene-benzotriazole (TV-BTz), PTV6B with a linear side chain and PTVEhB with a branched side chain, were synthesized and characterized for organic field effect transistors (OFETs) and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-like inverters. According to density functional theory (DFT), polymers based on TV-BTz exhibit a coplanar and rigid structure with no significant twists, which could cause to an increase in charge-carrier mobility in OFETs. Alternating alkyl side chains of the polymers impacted neither the band gap nor the energy level. However, it significantly affected the morphology and crystallinity when the polymer films were thermally annealed. To investigate the effect of thermal annealing on the morphology and crystallinity, we characterized the polymer films using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and 2D-grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (2D-GIWAXD). Fibrillary morphologies with larger domains and increased crystallinity were observed in the polymer films after thermal annealing. These polymers exhibited improved charge-carrier mobilities in annealed films at 200 °C and demonstrated optimal OFET device performance with p-type transport characteristics with charge-carrier mobilities of 1.51 cm2/(V s) (PTV6B) and 2.58 cm2/(V s) (PTVEhB). Furthermore, CMOS-like inorganic (ZnO)-organic (PTVEhB) hybrid bilayer inverter showed that the inverting voltage (Vinv) was positioned near the ideal switching point at half (1/2) of supplied voltage (VDD) due to fairly balanced p- and n-channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hye Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Minji Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihong Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Boseok Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Soft Electronics, Pohang University of Science and Technology , 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansu Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Soft Electronics, Pohang University of Science and Technology , 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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39
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Tam TLD, Lin TT, Chua MH. Can time-dependent density functional theory predict intersystem crossing in organic chromophores? A case study on benzo(bis)-X-diazole based donor–acceptor–donor type molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15671-15675. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03121a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Here we utilized new diagnostic tools in time-dependent density functional theory to explain the trend of intersystem crossing in benzo(bis)-X-diazole based donor–acceptor–donor type molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teck Lip Dexter Tam
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Agency of Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Singapore
| | - Ting Ting Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Agency of Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Singapore
| | - Ming Hui Chua
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Agency of Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Singapore
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40
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Karagaçtı Ö, Cevher SC, Hizalan G, Hacioglu SO, Toppare L, Cirpan A. Enhancing the power conversion efficiency of polymer solar cells via selection of quinoxaline substituents. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03312e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Improvement of the power conversion efficiency of polymer solar cells was successfully achieved by selecting appropriate quinoxaline substituents on the polymer backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Karagaçtı
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Sevki Can Cevher
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Gonul Hizalan
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Serife O. Hacioglu
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Levent Toppare
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
| | - Ali Cirpan
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
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41
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Substituent effect of a donor unit on electrochemical and opto-electronic properties of ambipolar benzotriazole-based polymers. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-016-0436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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42
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Shi Z, Neo WT, Zhou H, Xu J. Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Low-Bandgap Conjugated Polymers with Siloxane Side Chains for Electrochromic Applications. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of conjugated copolymers P1–P3 were synthesized from 3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(6-(1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxan-3-yl)hexyl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione and 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)-3,4-dialkoxythiophene or its analogue via Stille coupling reactions, with molecular weights in the range of 13000–18000 g mol–1 and polydispersity indexes of 1.4–1.7. This new type of donor–acceptor polymers demonstrated reasonable switching speed, promising redox stability, together with high optical contrast and coloration efficiency. Although, at the current stage, the hybrid siloxane-terminated side chain did not significantly improve the overall performance of the resultant polymers, the unique chemical properties of the siloxane group would offer possibilities for crosslink after suitable post-polymerization treatment, and thus pave the way for future fine-tuning of the morphology of electrochromic films.
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43
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Hsiao SH, Lin SW. Electrochemical synthesis of electrochromic polycarbazole films from N-phenyl-3,6-bis(N-carbazolyl)carbazoles. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01407g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive and electrochromic polycarbazole films were directly prepared on electrodes from N-phenyl-3,6-bis(N-carbazolyl)carbazoles by carbazole-based electrochemical oxidative coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huei Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 10608
- Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 10608
- Taiwan
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44
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Wang PI, Shie WR, Jiang JC, Li LJ, Liaw DJ. Novel poly(triphenylamine-alt-fluorene) with asymmetric hexaphenylbenzene and pyrene moieties: synthesis, fluorescence, flexible near-infrared electrochromic devices and theoretical investigation. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01971k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new triphenylamine-alt-fluorene conjugated polymer with hexaphenylbenzene and pyrene for near-infrared electrochromism supported by DFT calculation and simulated spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-I. Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ru Shie
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Chiang Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Lain-Jong Li
- Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Der-Jang Liaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
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45
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Keshtov ML, Kuklin SA, Radychev NA, Nikolaev AY, Koukaras EN, Sharma A, Sharma GD. Design and synthesis of new ultra-low band gap thiadiazoloquinoxaline-based polymers for near-infrared organic photovoltaic application. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24364e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Two D–A copolymers, F1 and F2, with fluorene and thiazole units were substituted, respectively, on a thiadiazoloquinoxaline (TDQ) unit to enhance the electron-accepting strength of TDQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Keshtov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - S. A. Kuklin
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - N. A. Radychev
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - A. Yu. Nikolaev
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - E. N. Koukaras
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences
- Foundation for Research & Technology, Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT)
- Patras
- Greece
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
- LNMIIT (Deemed University)
- Jaipur
- 302031 India
| | - G. D. Sharma
- Molecular Electronic and Optoelectronics Device Research Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- LNMIIT (Deemed University)
- Jaipur
- 302031 India
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46
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Ran Q, Ma J, Wang T, Fan S, Yang Y, Qi S, Cheng Y, Song F. Synthesis and fluorescence study of conjugated polymers based on 2,4,6-triphenylpyridine moieties. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03722k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three novel 2,4,6-triphenylpyridine-based conjugated polymers showed strong fluorescence emission with large Stokes' shifts, tunable band gaps and high quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianping Ran
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Shimin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Shuai Qi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Fengyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
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47
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Hsiao SH, Hsueh JC. Electrochemical synthesis and electrochromic properties of new conjugated polycarbazoles from di(carbazol-9-yl)-substituted triphenylamine and N-phenylcarbazole derivatives. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Electrosynthesis of ambipolar electrochromic polymer films from anthraquinone-triarylamine hybrids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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49
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Unay H, Unlu NA, Hizalan G, Hacioglu SO, Toppare L, Cırpan A. Selenophene as a Bridge in Molecular Architecture of Benzotriazole Containing Conjugated Copolymers to Gain Insight on Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Polymers. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2015.1024312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hande Unay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naime Akbasoglu Unlu
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 ,Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gonul Hizalan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 ,Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serife O. Hacioglu
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 ,Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Toppare
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 ,Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GÜNAM), Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Cırpan
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 ,Ankara, Turkey
- The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GÜNAM), Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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50
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Chen X, Liu H, Xu Z, Mi S, Zheng J, Xu C. Highly Regiosymmetric Homopolymer Based on Dioxythiophene for Realizing Water-Processable Blue-to-Transmissive Electrochrome. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11387-11392. [PMID: 25943774 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A highly regiosymmetric homopolymer based on a diethyl malonate derivatized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) monomer was synthesized through FeCl3 oxidative polymerization and postpolymerization functionalization to realize a water-processable blue-to-transmissive switching electrochromic polymer (WPECP-blue). As an electrochromic material, the polymer has a high electrochromic contrast ΔTmax=56% at 580 nm and a relatively fast switching speed t95=1.8 s, and shows only contrast loss of 11% (from 56% to 45%) at square wave potential step of 5 s over 11,000 switching cycles, making it a desirable candidate for electrochromic applications such as windows and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhangping Xu
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Sai Mi
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chunye Xu
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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