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Ricard C, Arroyo ED, He CX, Portera-Cailliau C, Lepousez G, Canepari M, Fiole D. Two-photon probes for in vivo multicolor microscopy of the structure and signals of brain cells. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:3011-3043. [PMID: 29748872 PMCID: PMC6119111 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imaging the brain of living laboratory animals at a microscopic scale can be achieved by two-photon microscopy thanks to the high penetrability and low phototoxicity of the excitation wavelengths used. However, knowledge of the two-photon spectral properties of the myriad fluorescent probes is generally scarce and, for many, non-existent. In addition, the use of different measurement units in published reports further hinders the design of a comprehensive imaging experiment. In this review, we compile and homogenize the two-photon spectral properties of 280 fluorescent probes. We provide practical data, including the wavelengths for optimal two-photon excitation, the peak values of two-photon action cross section or molecular brightness, and the emission ranges. Beyond the spectroscopic description of these fluorophores, we discuss their binding to biological targets. This specificity allows in vivo imaging of cells, their processes, and even organelles and other subcellular structures in the brain. In addition to probes that monitor endogenous cell metabolism, studies of healthy and diseased brain benefit from the specific binding of certain probes to pathology-specific features, ranging from amyloid-β plaques to the autofluorescence of certain antibiotics. A special focus is placed on functional in vivo imaging using two-photon probes that sense specific ions or membrane potential, and that may be combined with optogenetic actuators. Being closely linked to their use, we examine the different routes of intravital delivery of these fluorescent probes according to the target. Finally, we discuss different approaches, strategies, and prerequisites for two-photon multicolor experiments in the brains of living laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ricard
- Brain Physiology Laboratory, CNRS UMR 8118, 75006, Paris, France
- Faculté de Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
- Fédération de Recherche en Neurosciences FR 3636, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Erica D Arroyo
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Cynthia X He
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Carlos Portera-Cailliau
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Gabriel Lepousez
- Unité Perception et Mémoire, Département de Neuroscience, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marco Canepari
- Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Physics, UMR 5588 CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38402, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
- Laboratories of Excellence, Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Grenoble, France
- Institut National de la Santé et Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Fiole
- Unité Biothérapies anti-Infectieuses et Immunité, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, BP 73, 91223, Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, France.
- Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du docteur Roux, 75725, Paris Cedex 15, France.
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 38043, Grenoble cedex, France.
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Liu HW, Liu Y, Wang P, Zhang XB. Molecular engineering of two-photon fluorescent probes for bioimaging applications. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2017; 5:012003. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aa61b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Nascimento RAS, Özel RE, Mak WH, Mulato M, Singaram B, Pourmand N. Single Cell "Glucose Nanosensor" Verifies Elevated Glucose Levels in Individual Cancer Cells. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:1194-200. [PMID: 26752097 PMCID: PMC4887140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Because the transition from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolytic metabolism is a hallmark of cancer progression, approaches to identify single living cancer cells by their unique glucose metabolic signature would be useful. Here, we present nanopipettes specifically developed to measure glucose levels in single cells with temporal and spatial resolution, and we use this technology to verify the hypothesis that individual cancer cells can indeed display higher intracellular glucose levels. The nanopipettes were functionalized as glucose nanosensors by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) covalently to the tip so that the interaction of glucose with GOx resulted in a catalytic oxidation of β-d-glucose to d-gluconic acid, which was measured as a change in impedance due to drop in pH of the medium at the nanopipette tip. Calibration studies showed a direct relationship between impedance changes at the tip and glucose concentration in solution. The glucose nanosensor quantified single cell intracellular glucose levels in human fibroblasts and the metastatic breast cancer lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 and revealed that the cancer cells expressed reproducible and reliable increases in glucose levels compared to the nonmalignant cells. Nanopipettes allow repeated sampling of the same cell, as cells remain viable during and after measurements. Therefore, nanopipette-based glucose sensors provide an approach to compare changes in glucose levels with changes in proliferative or metastatic state. The platform has great promise for mechanistic investigations, as a diagnostic tool to distinguish cancer cells from nonmalignant cells in heterogeneous tissue biopsies, as well as a tool for monitoring cancer progression in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael A. S. Nascimento
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-401, Brazil
| | - Rıfat Emrah Özel
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Corresponding Author: Tel.: +1-831-459-4382. Fax: +1-831-459-2891.
| | - Wai Han Mak
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Marcelo Mulato
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-401, Brazil
| | - Bakthan Singaram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Nader Pourmand
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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Zhai W, Sun X, James TD, Fossey JS. Boronic Acid-Based Carbohydrate Sensing. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1836-48. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Zhai
- School of Chemistry; University of Birmingham; Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - Xiaolong Sun
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Tony D. James
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - John S. Fossey
- School of Chemistry; University of Birmingham; Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Myung Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - Bong Rae Cho
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoul 136-713, Korea
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Shen Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Jin J, Liu X, Li H, Yao S. A new fluorescence and colorimetric sensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of glucose in 100% water. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new naphthalimide derivative containing hexanoic acid and boronate groups was designed and synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Arts and Science
- Changde
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Arts and Science
- Changde
- PR China
| | - Xi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- PR China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- PR China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Arts and Science
- Changde
- PR China
| | - Junling Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Arts and Science
- Changde
- PR China
| | - Xuewen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Arts and Science
- Changde
- PR China
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- PR China
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- PR China
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Abstract
Two-photon microscopy (TPM), which uses two photons of lower energy as the excitation source, is a vital tool in biology and clinical science, due to its capacity to image deep inside intact tissues for a long period of time. To make TPM a more versatile tool in biomedical research, we have developed a variety of two-photon probes for specific applications. In this mini review, we will briefly discuss two-photon probes for lipid rafts, lysosomes, mitochondria, and pH, and their biomedical applications. [BMB Reports 2013; 46(4): 188-194]
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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