1
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Seibt S, With S, Bernet A, Schmidt HW, Förster S. Hydrogelation Kinetics Measured in a Microfluidic Device with in Situ X-ray and Fluorescence Detection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:5535-5544. [PMID: 29583009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient hydrogelators will gel water fast and at low concentrations. Small molecule gelling agents that assemble into fibers and fiber networks are particularly effective hydrogelators. Whereas it is straightforward to determine their critical concentration for hydrogelation, the kinetics of hydrogelation is more difficult to study because it is often very fast, occurring on the subsecond time scale. We used a 3D focusing microfluidic device combined with fluorescence microscopy and in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to study the fast pH-induced gelation of a model small molecule gelling agent at the millisecond time scale. The gelator is a 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxamide which upon acidification assembles into nanofibrils and fibril networks that show a characteristic photoluminescence. By adjusting the flow rates, the regime of early nanofibril formation and gelation could be followed along the microfluidic reaction channel. The measured fluorescence intensity profiles were analyzed in terms of a diffusion-advection-reaction model to determine the association rate constant, which is in a typical range for the small molecule self-assembly. Using in situ SAXS, we could determine the dimensions of the fibers that were formed during the early self-assembly process. The detailed structure of the fibers was subsequently determined by cryotransmission electron microscopy. The study demonstrates that 3D focusing microfluidic devices are a powerful means to study the self-assembly on the millisecond time scale, which is applied to reveal early state of hydrogelation kinetics. In combination with in situ fluorescence and X-ray scattering, these experiments provide detailed insights into the first self-assembly steps and their reaction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Seibt
- JCNS-1/ICS-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany
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2
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Current developments and applications of microfluidic technology toward clinical translation of nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 128:54-83. [PMID: 28801093 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems hold great potential for the therapy of many diseases, especially cancer. However, the translation of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems from academic research to industrial and clinical practice has been slow. This slow translation can be ascribed to the high batch-to-batch variations and insufficient production rate of the conventional preparation methods, and the lack of technologies for rapid screening of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems with high correlation to the in vivo tests. These issues can be addressed by the microfluidic technologies. For example, microfluidics can not only produce nanoparticles in a well-controlled, reproducible, and high-throughput manner, but also create 3D environments with continuous flow to mimic the physiological and/or pathological processes. This review provides an overview of the microfluidic devices developed to prepare nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, including drug nanosuspensions, polymer nanoparticles, polyplexes, structured nanoparticles and theranostic nanoparticles. We also highlight the recent advances of microfluidic systems in fabricating the increasingly realistic models of the in vivo milieu for rapid screening of nanoparticles. Overall, the microfluidic technologies offer a promise approach to accelerate the clinical translation of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems.
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3
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Kuehne AJC. Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles toward In Vivo Theranostics - Focus on Targeting, Imaging, Therapy, and the Importance of Clearance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 1:e1700100. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. C. Kuehne
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University; Forckenbeckstraße 50 52076 Aachen Germany
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4
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Liu D, Zhang H, Fontana F, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA. Microfluidic-assisted fabrication of carriers for controlled drug delivery. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1856-1883. [PMID: 28480462 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00242d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The microfluidic technique has brought unique opportunities toward the full control over the production processes for drug delivery carriers, owing to the miniaturisation of the fluidic environment. In comparison to the conventional batch methods, the microfluidic setup provides a range of advantages, including the improved controllability of material characteristics, as well as the precisely controlled release profiles of payloads. This review gives an overview of different fluidic principles used in the literature to produce either polymeric microparticles or nanoparticles, focusing on the materials that could have an impact on drug delivery. We also discuss the relations between the particle size and size distribution of the obtained carriers, and the design and configuration of the microfluidic setups. Overall, the use of microfluidic technologies brings exciting opportunities to expand the body of knowledge in the field of controlled drug delivery and great potential to clinical translation of drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfei Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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5
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Go D, Jurásková A, Hoffmann A, Kapiti G, Kuehne AJC. Deep-Blue Fluorescent Particles via Microwave Heating of Polyacrylonitrile Dispersions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [PMID: 28169474 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Go
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University; Forckenbeckstraße 50 52076 Aachen Germany
| | - Alena Jurásková
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University; Forckenbeckstraße 50 52076 Aachen Germany
| | - Andreas Hoffmann
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University; Forckenbeckstraße 50 52076 Aachen Germany
| | - Gent Kapiti
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University; Forckenbeckstraße 50 52076 Aachen Germany
| | - Alexander J. C. Kuehne
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University; Forckenbeckstraße 50 52076 Aachen Germany
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6
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Ma J, Lee SMY, Yi C, Li CW. Controllable synthesis of functional nanoparticles by microfluidic platforms for biomedical applications - a review. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:209-226. [PMID: 27991629 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01049k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have drawn significant attention in biomedicine due to their unique optical, thermal, magnetic and electrical properties which are highly related to their size and morphologies. Recently, microfluidic systems have shown promising potential to modulate critical stages in nanosynthesis, such as nucleation, growth and reaction conditions so that the size, size distribution, morphology, and reproducibility of nanoparticles are optimized in a high throughput manner. In this review, we put an emphasis on a decade of developments of microfluidic systems for engineering nanoparticles in various applications including imaging, biosensing, drug delivery, and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Changqing Yi
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments (Guangdong Province), School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. and Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheuk-Wing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
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7
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Tran VL, Génot V, Audibert JF, Prokazov Y, Turbin E, Zuschratter W, Kim HJ, Jung J, Park SY, Pansu RB. Nucleation and growth during a fluorogenic precipitation in a micro-flow mapped by fluorescence lifetime microscopy. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03400k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The first observation, enumeration and mapping of the early states of crystallization during an anti-solvent precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Long Tran
- Laboratoire PPSM ENS Cachan
- CNRS
- UMR8531 & IFR d'Alembert IFR12161
- 94235 Cachan cedex
- France
| | - Valérie Génot
- Laboratoire PPSM ENS Cachan
- CNRS
- UMR8531 & IFR d'Alembert IFR12161
- 94235 Cachan cedex
- France
| | - Jean-Frédéric Audibert
- Laboratoire PPSM ENS Cachan
- CNRS
- UMR8531 & IFR d'Alembert IFR12161
- 94235 Cachan cedex
- France
| | | | | | | | - Hyeong-Ju Kim
- Center for Supramolecular Optoelectronic Material
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu 155-744 Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Center for Supramolecular Optoelectronic Material
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu 155-744 Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Soo Young Park
- Center for Supramolecular Optoelectronic Material
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu 155-744 Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Robert B. Pansu
- Laboratoire PPSM ENS Cachan
- CNRS
- UMR8531 & IFR d'Alembert IFR12161
- 94235 Cachan cedex
- France
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8
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Ciftci S, Kuehne AJC. Monodisperse Conjugated Polymer Particles via Heck Coupling—A Kinetic Study to Unravel Particle Formation in Step-Growth Dispersion Polymerization. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Ciftci
- DWI − Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, NRW, Germany
| | - Alexander J. C. Kuehne
- DWI − Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, NRW, Germany
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9
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Schütze F, Krumova M, Mecking S. Size Control of Spherical and Anisotropic Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles via Precise Rigid Molecules. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Schütze
- Chair of Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marina Krumova
- Chair of Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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10
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Zhang Y, Ye F, Sun W, Yu J, Wu IC, Rong Y, Zhang Y, Chiu DT. Light-induced Crosslinkable Semiconducting Polymer Dots. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2102-2109. [PMID: 25709806 PMCID: PMC4335711 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a synthetic approach for photocrosslinkable polyfluorene (pc-PFO) semiconducting polymer dots, and demonstrates their superior ability to crosslink and form 3-D intermolecular polymer networks. The crosslinked pc-PFO Pdots are equipped with excellent encapsulating ability of functional small molecules. Optimum conditions of light irradiation on pc-PFO Pdots were investigated and clarified by using polymer thin films as a model. By employing the optimal light irradiation conditions, we successfully crosslinked pc-PFO Pdots and studied their particle sizes, photophysical, and colloidal properties. Single-particle imaging and dynamic-light-scattering measurements were conducted to understand the behaviors of photocrosslinked Pdots. Our results indicate pc-PFO Pdots can be easily photocrosslinked and the crosslinked species have excellent colloidal stability, physical and chemical stability, fluorescence brightness, and specific binding properties for cellular labeling. Considering that optical stimulus can work remotely, cleanly, and non-invasively, this study should pave the way for a promising approach to further develop stimuli-responsive ultrabright and versatile Pdot probes for biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Fangmao Ye
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - I-Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
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11
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Hintze C, Schütze F, Drescher M, Mecking S. Probing of chain conformations in conjugated polymer nanoparticles by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:32289-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05749c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Direct observation of individual conjugated polymer chain conformations in nanoparticles by ESR distance measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Hintze
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78464 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - F. Schütze
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78464 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - M. Drescher
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78464 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - S. Mecking
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78464 Konstanz
- Germany
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12
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Cianga L, Bendrea AD, Fifere N, Nita LE, Doroftei F, Ag D, Seleci M, Timur S, Cianga I. Fluorescent micellar nanoparticles by self-assembly of amphiphilic, nonionic and water self-dispersible polythiophenes with “hairy rod” architecture. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10734a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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13
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WINTERHALDER MJ, ZUMBUSCH A. Nonlinear optical microscopy with vibrational contrast. J Microsc 2014; 255:1-6. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. J. WINTERHALDER
- Department of Chemistry; University of Konstanz; D-78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - A. ZUMBUSCH
- Department of Chemistry; University of Konstanz; D-78457 Konstanz Germany
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14
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Zhang Y, Yu J, Gallina ME, Sun W, Rong Y, Chiu DT. Highly luminescent, fluorinated semiconducting polymer dots for cellular imaging and analysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 49:8256-8. [PMID: 23925590 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc44048f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A highly fluorescent fluorinated semiconducting polymer dot (Pdot) with a quantum yield of up to 49% was developed. The fluorinated Pdot was eight times brighter in cell-labeling applications than its non-fluorinated counterpart, and was rod shaped rather than spherical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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15
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Huang H, Chen C, Zhang D, Deng J, Wu Y. Helical Substituted Polyacetylene-Derived Fluorescent Microparticles Prepared by Precipitation Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:908-15. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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16
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Sonawane SL, Asha SK. Fluorescent cross-linked polystyrene perylenebisimide/oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) microbeads with controlled particle size, tunable colors, and high solid state emission. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:12205-12214. [PMID: 24191860 DOI: 10.1021/am404354q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A series fo cross-linked fluorescent polystyrene (PS) microbeads with narrow size distribution and intense solid state emission was developed. Fluorophores based on perylene bisimide (PBI) and oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV) designed as acrylic cross-linkers were introduced into the polymerization recipe in a two-stage dispersion polymerization, carried out in ethanol in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as stabilizer. The structural design permitted introduction of up to 10(-5) moles of the fluorophores into the polymerization medium without fouling of the dispersion. The particle size measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated that they were nearly monodisperse with size in the range 2-3 μm depending on the amount of fluorophore incorporated. Fluorescence microscope images of ethanol dispersion of the sample exhibited intense orange red emission for PS-PBI-X series and green emission for PS-OPV-X series. A PS incorporated with both OPVX and PBIX exhibited dual emission upon exciting at the OPV wavelength of 350 nm and PBI wavelength of 490 nm, respectively. The low incorporation of fluorophore resulted in almost complete absence of aggregation induced reduction in fluorescence as well as red-shifted aggregate emission. The solid state emission quantum yield measured using integrating-sphere setup indicated a very high quantum yield of ϕpowder = 0.71 for PS-OPV-X and ϕpowder = 0.25 for PS-PBI-X series. The cross-linked PS microbeads incorporating both OPV and PBI chromophores had a ϕpowder = 0.33 for PBI emission and ϕpowder = 0.20 for OPV emission. This strategy of introducing fluorophore as cross-linkers into the PS backbone is very versatile and amenable to simultaneous addition of different suitably designed fluorophores emitting at different wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil L Sonawane
- Polymer & Advanced Material Laboratory, Polymer Science & Engineering Division, CSIR- NCL , Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
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17
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Capretto L, Carugo D, Mazzitelli S, Nastruzzi C, Zhang X. Microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip preparation routes for organic nanoparticles and vesicular systems for nanomedicine applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1496-532. [PMID: 23933616 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, advancements in the fields of microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip technologies have provided unique opportunities for the implementation of nanomaterial production processes owing to the miniaturisation of the fluidic environment. It has been demonstrated that microfluidic reactors offer a range of advantages compared to conventional batch reactors, including improved controllability and uniformity of nanomaterial characteristics. In addition, the fast mixing achieved within microchannels, and the predictability of the laminar flow conditions, can be leveraged to investigate the nanomaterial formation dynamics. In this article recent developments in the field of microfluidic production of nanomaterials for drug delivery applications are reviewed. The features that make microfluidic reactors a suitable technological platform are discussed in terms of controllability of nanomaterials production. An overview of the various strategies developed for the production of organic nanoparticles and colloidal assemblies is presented, focusing on those nanomaterials that could have an impact on nanomedicine field such as drug nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, liposomes, polymersomes, polyplexes and hybrid nanoparticles. The effect of microfluidic environment on nanomaterials formation dynamics, as well as the use of microdevices as tools for nanomaterial investigation is also discussed.
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18
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Wu C, Chiu DT. Highly fluorescent semiconducting polymer dots for biology and medicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3086-109. [PMID: 23307291 PMCID: PMC5616106 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 724] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention because of their outstanding characteristics as fluorescent probes. These nanoparticles, which primarily consist of π-conjugated polymers and are called polymer dots (Pdots) when they exhibit small particle size and high brightness, have demonstrated utility in a wide range of applications such as fluorescence imaging and biosensing. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the photophysical properties of Pdots which speak to the merits of these entities as fluorescent labels. This review also highlights the surface functionalization and biomolecular conjugation of Pdots, and their applications in cellular labeling, in vivo imaging, single-particle tracking, biosensing, and drug delivery. We discuss the relationship between the physical properties and performance, and evaluate the merits and limitations of the Pdot probes for certain imaging tasks and fluorescence assays. We also tackle the current challenges of Pdots and share our perspective on the future directions of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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19
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Wu C, Chiu DT. Stark fluoreszierende halbleitende Polymerpunkte für Biologie und Medizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Huber J, Jung C, Mecking S. Nanoparticles of Low Optical Band Gap Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3013459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Huber
- Chair of
Chemical Materials Science, Department of
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätstrasse
10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christoph Jung
- Chair of
Chemical Materials Science, Department of
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätstrasse
10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of
Chemical Materials Science, Department of
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätstrasse
10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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21
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Yu J, Wu C, Zhang X, Ye F, Gallina ME, Rong Y, Wu Y, Sun W, Chan YH, Chiu DT. Stable functionalization of small semiconducting polymer dots via covalent cross-linking and their application for specific cellular imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:3498-504. [PMID: 22684783 PMCID: PMC3433747 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A facile cross-linking strategy covalently links functional molecules to semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) while simultaneously providing functional groups for biomolecular conjugation. In addition to greatly enhanced stability, the formed Pdots are small (<10 nm), which can be difficult to achieve with current methods but is highly desirable for most biological applications. These characteristics are significant for improving labeling efficiency and sensitivity in cellular assays that employ Pdots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Changfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Fangmao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Maria Elena Gallina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yizhe Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yang-Hsiang Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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22
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Majedi FS, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Emami SH, Taghipoor M, Dashtimoghadam E, Bertsch A, Moaddel H, Renaud P. Microfluidic synthesis of chitosan-based nanoparticles for fuel cell applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7744-6. [PMID: 22760418 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic platform is developed for the synthesis of monodisperse, 100 nm, chitosan based nanoparticles using nanogelation with ATP. The resulting nanoparticles tuned and enhanced transport and electrochemical properties of Nafion based nanocomposite membranes, which is highly favorable for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Majedi
- Laboratoire de Microsystemes (LMIS4), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Medina-Sánchez M, Miserere S, Merkoçi A. Nanomaterials and lab-on-a-chip technologies. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:1932-43. [PMID: 22517169 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platforms have become important tools for sample analysis and treatment with interest for DNA, protein and cells studies or diagnostics due to benefits such as the reduced sample volume, low cost, portability and the possibility to build new analytical devices or be integrated into conventional ones. These platforms have advantages of a wide set of nanomaterials (NM) (i.e. nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires, graphene etc.) and offer excellent improvement in properties for many applications (i.e. detectors sensitivity enhancement, biolabelling capability along with other in-chip applications related to the specificities of the variety of nanomaterials with optical, electrical and/or mechanical properties). This review covers the last trends in the use of nanomaterials in microfluidic systems and the related advantages in analytical and bioanalytical applications. In addition to the applications of nanomaterials in LOCs, we also discuss the employment of such devices for the production and characterization of nanomaterials. Both framed platforms, NMs based LOCs and LOCs for NMs production and characterization, represent promising alternatives to generate new nanotechnology tools for point-of-care diagnostics, drug delivery and nanotoxicology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Medina-Sánchez
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanotecnologia, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona-Spain
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