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Kuntamung K, Sangthong P, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. Simultaneous immunodetection of multiple cervical cancer biomarkers based on a signal-amplifying redox probes/polyethyleneimine-coated gold nanoparticles/2D tungsten disulfide/graphene oxide nanocomposite platform. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 160:108780. [PMID: 39018611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
To advance cervical cancer diagnostics, we propose a state-of-the-art label-free electrochemical immunosensor designed for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarker proteins (p16INK4a, p53, and Ki67). This immunosensor is constructed using a polyethyleneimine-coated gold nanoparticles/2D tungsten disulfide/graphene oxide (PEI-AuNPs/2D WS2/GO) composite-modified three-screen-printed carbon electrode (3SPCE) array. The 2D WS2/GO hybrid provides a large specific surface area for supporting well-dispersed PEI-AuNPs and adsorbed redox-active species, enhancing overall performance. The PEI-AuNPs-decorated 2D WS2/GO composite not only improves electrode conductivity but also increases the antibody loading capacity. Redox-active species, including Cd2+ ions, 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP), and methylene blue (MB), serve as distinct signaling compounds to quantitatively detect the cervical cancer biomarkers p16INK4a, p53, and Ki67, respectively. Additionally, the immunosensor demonstrates the detection with high sensitivity, good storage stability, high selectivity, and acceptable reproducibility. This immunosensor demonstrates a good linear relationship with the logarithm of protein concentrations. Additionally, the immunosensor also demonstrates high sensitivity, good storage stability, high selectivity, and acceptable reproducibility. Our promising results and the successful application of the immunosensor in detecting three tumor markers in human serum highlight its potential for clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulrisa Kuntamung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Occupational and Environmental Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
| | - Padchanee Sangthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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2
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Fan J, Gong H, Wang F, Wang L, Yu Y, Liu D, Yang W. Multiplexed electrochemical nucleic acid sensor based on visible light-mediated metal-free thiol-yne click reaction for simultaneous detection of different nucleic acid targets. Talanta 2024; 273:125856. [PMID: 38442565 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of multiple tumor biomarkers with a simple and low-cost assay is crucial for early cancer detection and diagnosis. Herein, we presented a low-cost and simple assay for multiplexed detection of tumor biomarkers using a spatially separated electrodes strategy. The sensor is fabricated based on a metal-free thiol-yne click reaction, which is mediated by visible light, on commercially available indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. Four biomarkers, including p53 DNA, Brca2 DNA, K-ras DNA, and MicroRNA-204 RNA, were used as model analytes, and the corresponding oligonucleotide probes were modified on the desired electrode units sequentially with 530 nm irradiation light in the presence of photosensitizer Eosin Y. By this visible light-mediated coupling reaction, oligonucleotide probe densities of up to 9.2 ± 0.7 × 1010 molecules/cm2 were readily obtained on the ITO electrode surface. The proposed multiplexed E-NA sensor could detect four different nucleic acid targets concurrently without crosstalk among adjacent electrodes and was also successfully applied for detecting targets in a 20% fetal calf serum sample. The detection limits for p53 DNA, Brca2 DNA, K-ras DNA, and MicroRNA-204 RNA were 0.72 nM, 0.97 nM, 2.15 nM, and 1.73 nM, respectively. The developed approach not only has a great potential for developing cost-effective biosensors on affordable substrates for nucleic acid target detection, but also be easily extended to detect other targets by modifying the specific oligonucleotide probes anchored on the electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Fan
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China; MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Hanlin Gong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Fan Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Yongsheng Yu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Danqing Liu
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Weiwei Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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Oh C, Park B, Sundaresan V, Schaefer JL, Bohn PW. Closed Bipolar Electrode-Enabled Electrochromic Sensing of Multiple Metabolites in Whole Blood. ACS Sens 2023; 8:270-279. [PMID: 36547518 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report a closed bipolar electrode (CBE)-based sensing platform for the detection of diagnostic metabolites in undiluted whole human blood. The sensor is enabled by electrode chemistry based on: (1) a mixed layer of blood-compatible adsorption-resistant phosphorylcholine (PPC) and phenylbutyric acid (PBA), (2) ferrocene (Fc) redox mediators, and (3) immobilized redox-active enzymes. This scheme is designed to overcome nonspecific protein adsorption and amplify sensing currents in whole human fluids. The scheme also incorporates a diffusing mediator to increase electronic communication between the immobilized redox enzyme and the working electrode. The use of both bound and freely diffusing mediators is synergistic in producing the electrochemical response. The sensor is realized by linking the analyte cell, containing the specific electrode surface architecture, through a CBE to a reporter cell containing the electrochromic reporter, methyl viologen (MV). The colorless-to-purple color change accompanying the 1e- reduction of MV2+ is captured using a smartphone camera. Subsequent red-green-blue analysis is performed on the acquired images to determine cholesterol, glucose, and lactate concentrations in whole blood. The CBE blood metabolite sensor produces a linear color change at clinically relevant concentration ranges for all metabolites with good reproducibility (∼5% or better) and with limits of detection of 79 μM for cholesterol, 59 μM for glucose, and 86 μM for lactate. Finally, metabolite concentration measurements from the CBE blood metabolite sensor are compared with results from commercially available FDA-approved blood cholesterol, glucose, and lactate meters, with an average difference of ∼3.5% across all three metabolites in the ranges studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana46556, United States
| | - Bumjun Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana46556, United States
| | - Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana46556, United States
| | - Jennifer L Schaefer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana46556, United States
| | - Paul W Bohn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana46556, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana46556, United States
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Huang J, Li X, Xiu M, Huang K, Cui K, Zhang J, Ge S, Hao S, Yu J, Huang Y. A Paper-Based Photoelectrochemical Sensing Platform Based on In Situ Grown ZnO/ZnIn 2S 4 Heterojunctions onto Paper Fibers for Sensitively Detecting AFP. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:818. [PMID: 36290955 PMCID: PMC9599276 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, developing a cost-effective, easy-to-operate, and efficient signal amplification platform is of important to microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPAD) for end-use markets of point-of-care (POC) assay applications. Herein, an ultrasensitive, paper-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioassay platform is constructed by in situ grown ZnO/ZnIn2S4 heterojunctions onto paper fibers, which acted as photoactive signal amplification probes for enhancing the sensitivity of antibodies-based diagnostic assays, for the sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) targets. The crystalline flake-like ZnIn2S4 composited with hexagonal nanorods (NRs) morphology of ZnO is an in situ grown, at the first time, onto cellulose fibers surface supported with Au nanoparticle (Au NP) modification to improve conductivity of the device working zone. The obtained composites on paper fibers are implemented as a flexible paper-based photoelectrode to realize remarkable performance of the fabricated μPAD, resulting from the enhanced PEC activity of heterojunctions with effective electron-hole pair separation for accelerating photoelectric conversion efficiency of the sensing process under light irradiation. Once the target AFP was introduced into the biosensing interface assistant, with a specific recognition interaction of AFP antibody, a drastically photocurrent response was generated, in view of the apparent steric effects. With the concentration increase of AFP targets, more immune conjugates could be confined onto the biosensing interface, eventually leading to the quantitative decrease of photocurrent intensity. Combined with an ingenious origami design and permitting the hydrophobic/hydrophilic conversion procedure in the bioassay process, the ultrasensitive PEC detection of AFP targets was realized. Under the optimized conditions, the level of AFP could be sensitively tracked by the prepared μPAD with a liner range from 0.1 to 100 ng mL-1 and limit of detection of 0.03 ng mL-1. This work provides a great potential application for highly selective and sensitive POC testing of AFP, and finally, developments for clinical disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mingzhen Xiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kang Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shiji Hao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yizhong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Kimura H, Asano R. Strategies to simplify operation procedures for applying labeled antibody-based immunosensors to point-of-care testing. Anal Biochem 2022; 654:114806. [PMID: 35835209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) is an ideal testing format for the rapid and on-site detection of analytes in patients, and facilitates disease diagnosis and monitoring. Molecular recognition elements are required for the specific detection of analytes, and biosensors that use antibodies as the molecular recognition elements are called immunosensors. Traditional immunosensors such as sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) require complicated procedures to form immunocomplexes consisting of detection antibodies, analytes, and capture antibodies. They also require long incubation times, washing procedures, and large and expensive specialized equipment that must be operated by laboratory technicians. Immunosensors for POCT should be systems that use relatively small pieces of equipment and do not require special training. In this review, to help in the construction of immunosensors for POCT, we have summarized the recently reported strategies for simplifying the operation, incubation, and washing procedures. We focused on the optical and electrochemical detection principles of immunosensors, compared the strategies for operation, sensitivity, and detection devices and discussed the ideal system. Combining detection devices that can be fabricated inexpensively and strategies that enable simplification of operation procedures and enhance sensitivities will contribute to the development of immunosensors for POCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Kimura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Asano
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan; Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
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6
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Yin Z, Liu C, Yi Y, Wu H, Fu X, Yan Y. A label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on PdPtCu@BP bilayer nanosheets for point-of-care kidney injury molecule-1 testing. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mo C, Wu J, Sui J, Deng Y, Li M, Cao Z, Hu Z, Huang J, Li S. Long non-coding RNA LINC01793 as a potential diagnostic biomarker of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Biochem 2022; 108:56-62. [PMID: 35760369 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may serve as diagnostic markers. This study investigates the diagnostic efficiency of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 1793 (LINC01793) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. METHODS Bioinformatics methods were used to screen the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in HCC tissues based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess the expression of the candidate lncRNAs in tissues, cells and whole blood samples of patients with HBV-related HCC, liver cirrhosis (LC), chronic hepatitis (CHB), and healthy controls. Then, the correlations between LINC01793 and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Finally,the diagnostic value of LINC01793 was explored based on the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS LINC01793 was remarkably upregulated in the HCC tissues and cells. It was highly expressed in the whole blood of the HBV-related HCC patients, unlike in that of the healthy controls and of the CHB and LC patients. Subsequent analysis revealed that high LINC01793 was related to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (P = 0.007), tumor invasion (P = 0.042), the number of tumors (P = 0.031) and serum level of alanine aminotransferase(p = 0.022). The areas under the curve of LINC01793, for distinguishing HCC from healthy controls, CHB and LC patients, were 0.824, 0.767 and 0.756, respectively. In addition, the combination of LINC01793 with alpha fetoprotein (AFP) had a stronger diagnostic value than LINC01793 or AFP alone in AFP-negative HCC patients. CONCLUSION High expression of LINC01793 is correlated with adverse clinical characteristics and can serve as a non-invasive biomarker of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Mo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingzhe Sui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhao Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zuojian Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Xin Y, Wang Z, Yao C, Shen H, Miao Y. Bismuth, a Previously Less‐studied Element, Is Bursting into New Hotspots. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Xin
- Institute of Bismuth Science School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jungong Rd 334# Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Institute of Bismuth Science School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jungong Rd 334# Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Congfei Yao
- Institute of Bismuth Science School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jungong Rd 334# Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Haocheng Shen
- Institute of Bismuth Science School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jungong Rd 334# Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth Science School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jungong Rd 334# Shanghai 200093 China
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Feng J, Chu C, Ma Z. Electrochemical Signal Substance for Multiplexed Immunosensing Interface Construction: A Mini Review. Molecules 2022; 27:267. [PMID: 35011499 PMCID: PMC8746521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate labeling method of signal substance is necessary for the construction of multiplexed electrochemical immunosensing interface to enhance the specificity for the diagnosis of cancer. So far, various electrochemical substances, including organic molecules, metal ions, metal nanoparticles, Prussian blue, and other methods for an electrochemical signal generation have been successfully applied in multiplexed biosensor designing. However, few works have been reported on the summary of electrochemical signal substance applied in constructing multiplexed immunosensing interface. Herein, according to the classification of labeled electrochemical signal substance, this review has summarized the recent state-of-art development for the designing of electrochemical immunosensing interface for simultaneous detection of multiple tumor markers. After that, the conclusion and prospects for future applications of electrochemical signal substances in multiplexed immunosensors are also discussed. The current review can provide a comprehensive summary of signal substance selection for workers researched in electrochemical sensors, and further, make contributions for the designing of multiplexed electrochemical immunosensing interface with well signal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhanfang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; (J.F.); (C.C.)
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10
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Kuntamung K, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. A label-free multiplex electrochemical biosensor for the detection of three breast cancer biomarker proteins employing dye/metal ion-loaded and antibody-conjugated polyethyleneimine-gold nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6576-6585. [PMID: 34279016 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00940k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new electrochemical immunosensor is developed for the label-free simultaneous detection of mucin1 (MUC1), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) early breast cancer biomarkers. The biosensor is simply designed using the deposition of three different systems of redox species-antibody-conjugated polyethylenimine coated-gold nanoparticles (PEI-AuNPs), for the first time. The screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) comprising a three-working electrode array is modified with the conjugated PEI-AuNPs. Multiplex sensing is performed by utilizing the distinguishable electrochemical responses of the redox-active species; anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (AQ), thionine chloride (TH), and AgNO3 (Ag+) on the PEI-AuNPs conjugates for the detection of MUC1, CA15-3, and HER2, respectively. The single-run determination of the biomarkers by the proposed immunosensor is carried out by measuring the decrease (%) in the oxidation peak currents due to the formation of three kinds of antibody-antigen complexes. The decreased currents are logarithmically proportional to the antigen concentrations in the ranges of 0.10-100 U mL-1 CA15-3 and 0.10-100 ng mL-1 MUC1 and HER2 with detection limits of 0.21 U mL-1, 0.53 ng mL-1 and 0.50 ng mL-1, respectively, which are significantly lower than the clinically relevant cut-off levels. The sensor reveals high selectivity and satisfactory reproducibility. After storing for two weeks, the sensor retains the responses with ca. 90% of the initial currents. The immunosensor is successfully applied to detect three tumor markers in human serum and can provide a new technological platform for the development of low-cost, highly stable, sensitive, selective, and point-of-care (POC) diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulrisa Kuntamung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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11
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Fan J, Tang Y, Yang W, Yu Y. Disposable multiplexed electrochemical sensors based on electro-triggered selective immobilization of probes for simultaneous detection of DNA and proteins. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:7501-7510. [PMID: 32672323 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01532f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Electrically addressable covalent immobilization of probes on a multiplexed electrode for the simultaneous detection of multiple targets within the same sample is often regarded as a difficult milestone to be achieved. Herein, we demonstrated a reagentless disposable multiplexed electrochemical DNA and aptamer-based sensing platform for the simultaneous determination of various targets. The electrochemically triggered "click" chemistry was developed, and three biomarkers, including p53, thrombin, and VEGF165 were used as model analytes. The proposed sensor consisted of three independent screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE), with an alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction that was activated selectively by means of electrical triggering, so that different DNA probes can be modified on the desired electrode units in sequence. In terms of simultaneous detection, the sensor was able to quantify the DNA target of p53 with a detection limit of 0.35 nM, whereas the limits of detection for protein quantification of thrombin and VEGF165 were 0.22 nM and 0.014 nM, respectively. The proposed sensor not only showed encouraging reproducibility and stability, but also performed well even in 50% serum samples. Therefore, the work described here offers a general strategy for developing a multiplexed sensor with promising potential to achieve rapid, simple and cost-effective analysis of biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Fan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China.
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12
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Karimzadeh Z, Hasanzadeh M, Isildak I, Khalilzadeh B. Multiplex bioassaying of cancer proteins and biomacromolecules: Nanotechnological, structural and technical perspectives. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:3020-3039. [PMID: 33122068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Since the specific proteins (carbohydrate antigens, ligands and interleukins) get raised up in body tissue or fluids in cancer cases, early detection of them will provide an effective treatment and survival rate. Sensitive and accurate determination of multiple cancer proteins can be engaged in chorus by simultaneous/multiplex detection in the biomedical fields. Bioassaying technology is one of the non-invasive, high-sensitive, and economical methods. Currently, extensive application of nanomaterial (biocompatible polymers, metallic and metal oxide) in bioassays resulted in ultra-high sensitive and selective diagnosis. This review article focuses on types of multiplex bioassays for delicate and specific determination of cancer proteins for diagnostic aims. It also covers two modes of multiplex bioassays as multi labeled bioassays and spatially-separated test zones (multi-electrode mode). In this review, the nanotechnological, structural, and technical perspectives in the multiplex analysis of cancer proteins were discussed. Finally, the use of different types of nanomaterials, polysaccharides, biopolymers and their advantages in signal amplification are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Karimzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ibrahim Isildak
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemistry-Metallurgy, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center (BSTRC), Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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13
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Development of biosensors for detection of alpha-fetoprotein: As a major biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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14
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Zhao X, Wang N, Chen H, Bai L, Xu H, Wang W, Yang H, Wei D, Yang L, Cheng Z. Preparation of a novel sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for AFP detection based on an ATRP and click chemistry technique. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01279f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is extremely important to explore the synthesis methodology and application scope of functional polymer brush-based nanocomposites.
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15
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Wang Z, Tian X, Sun D, Cao P, Ding M, Li Y, Guo N, Ouyang R, Miao Y. A new Bi2MoO6 nano-tremella-based electrochemical immunosensor for the sensitive detection of a carcinoembryonic antigen. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15870-15880. [PMID: 35493654 PMCID: PMC9052421 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01922d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel Bi2MoO6 nanohybrids with a tremella-like structure modified with gold nanoparticles were used to fabricate an electrochemical immunosensing platform of CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Wang
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Xinli Tian
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Dong Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang 453007
- China
| | - Penghui Cao
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Mengkui Ding
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Ning Guo
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Ruizhuo Ouyang
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth Science
- The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
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16
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Filik H, Avan AA. Nanostructures for nonlabeled and labeled electrochemical immunosensors: Simultaneous electrochemical detection of cancer markers: A review. Talanta 2019; 205:120153. [PMID: 31450406 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous electrochemical determination of multiple tumor antigens has attracted a great deal of attention, which can effectively enhance the capability and accuracy of the analysis. Nanostructured materials mostly played a key major role in the electrochemical immunosensors fabrication and operation improvement. This review focused mainly on the protocols for using nanostructures to fabricate electrochemical (nonlabeled@label-free and labeled@sandwich-type) immunosensors. Furthermore, this review has also described the diverse classes of electroactive nanospecies which are a complementary part of any immunosensor that assists to reach the selectivity for the target antigen. Finally, the important analytical characteristics of the published immunosensors were discussed (electrochemical detection technique, linear range, and detection limit). Studies published between the years 2009-2018 have been included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Filik
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - A Aslıhan Avan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Zhao CQ, Ding SN. Perspective on signal amplification strategies and sensing protocols in photoelectrochemical immunoassay. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Liang Y, Zhao X, Wang N, Wang J, Chen H, Bai L, Wang W. A label-free immunosensor based on PHEMA/graphene oxide nanocomposite for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha fetoprotein. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17187-17193. [PMID: 35519883 PMCID: PMC9064557 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02565k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensor based on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite was designed in a simple way for the ultrasensitive detection of tumor makers (alpha-fetoprotein, AFP as a model). PHEMA with excellent biocompatibility, provides a large number of sites for connecting signal molecules. After modification with signal molecules, the functional PHEMA significantly improved the sensitivity of electrochemical detection. In order to immobilize antibodies, GO was introduced and used to construct a nanocomposite as a substrate. The designed AFP immunosensor showed favorable selectivity and excellent stability. Meanwhile, it has a low detection limit of 0.403 pg mL-1. Furthermore, the immunosensor was used to detect target AFP in human serum, demonstrating the feasibility of clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
| | - Xiaoqing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
| | - Na Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
| | - Hou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
| | - Liangjiu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University Yantai 264025 China +86-535-6669070 +86-535-6697933
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Multisegment nanowire/nanoparticle hybrid arrays as electrochemical biosensors for simultaneous detection of antibiotics. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:632-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sun J, Zhao Y, Hou Y, Li H, Yang M, Wang Y, Sun B. Multiplexed electrochemical and SERS dual-mode detection of stroke biomarkers: rapid screening with high sensitivity. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a real-time assay for a highly sensitive, label-free, multiplexed electrochemical and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) detection of stroke biomarkers by neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100-β protein was developed using lateral flow devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Sun
- Wonju Severance Christian Hospital
- Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine
- Wonju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Taian
- China
| | - Yajun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Taian
- China
| | - Hanxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Taian
- China
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Taian
- China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Taian
- China
| | - Baoliang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Taian
- China
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21
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Gao S, Xu X, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wang X. Diagnostic utility of plasma lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3305-3313. [PMID: 30066898 PMCID: PMC6102699 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) offer great potential as cancer biomarkers. Owing to the limited sensitivity and specificity of α-fetoprotein (AFP) for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the present study used an lncRNA microarray to screen aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in HCC tissues. Subsequently, the expression profile of the target lncRNAs was investigated in plasma from patients with HCC or hepatitis B virus-positive chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis (HCH), as well as from healthy volunteers. A total of six aberrantly expressed lncRNAs were identified in HCC tissues and corresponding normal tissues, from which only small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) expression in HCC tissues demonstrated a good correlation with those in plasma from HCC patients. Subsequent analysis revealed that high plasma SNHG1 expression levels were correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and AFP levels. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that SNHG1 yields an excellent diagnostic ability to differentiate between patients with HCC and unaffected control patients, which was superior to that of AFP. The combination of SNHG1 with AFP may be able to distinguish HCC from HCH or healthy volunteers with the area under the curve values of 0.86 and 0.97, respectively. In summary, it was demonstrated that plasma SNHG1 has great potential as a sensitive and reliable biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubao Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161021, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161021, P.R. China
| | - Xingye Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161021, P.R. China
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22
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Gao T, Zhi J, Mu C, Gu S, Xiao J, Yang J, Wang Z, Xiang Y. One-step detection for two serological biomarker species to improve the diagnostic accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Talanta 2018; 178:89-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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23
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Alizadeh N, Salimi A, Hallaj R. Magnetoimmunosensor for simultaneous electrochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen and α-fetoprotein using multifunctionalized Au nanotags. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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24
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Recent advances in design of electrochemical affinity biosensors for low level detection of cancer protein biomarkers using nanomaterial-assisted signal enhancement strategies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:185-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Adarsh N, Ramya AN, Maiti KK, Ramaiah D. Unveiling NIR Aza-Boron-Dipyrromethene (BODIPY) Dyes as Raman Probes: Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Guided Selective Detection and Imaging of Human Cancer Cells. Chemistry 2017; 23:14286-14291. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nagappanpillai Adarsh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram- 695 019, Kerala India
| | - Adukkadan N. Ramya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram- 695 019, Kerala India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)-CSIR-NIIST; Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Kaustabh Kumar Maiti
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram- 695 019, Kerala India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)-CSIR-NIIST; Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Danaboyina Ramaiah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)-CSIR-NIIST; Thiruvananthapuram India
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST); Jorhat, Assam India
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26
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Sriwichai S, Janmanee R, Phanichphant S, Shinbo K, Kato K, Kaneko F, Yamamoto T, Baba A. Development of an electrochemical‐surface plasmon dual biosensor based on carboxylated conducting polymer thin films. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saengrawee Sriwichai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200 Thailand
- Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200 Thailand
| | - Rapiphun Janmanee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and TechnologyPibulsongkram Rajabhat UniversityPhitsanulok65000 Thailand
| | - Sukon Phanichphant
- Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200 Thailand
| | - Kazunari Shinbo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology and Center for Transdisciplinary ResearchNiigata UniversityNiigata950‐2181 Japan
| | - Keizo Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology and Center for Transdisciplinary ResearchNiigata UniversityNiigata950‐2181 Japan
| | - Futao Kaneko
- Graduate School of Science and Technology and Center for Transdisciplinary ResearchNiigata UniversityNiigata950‐2181 Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- COI‐s Biofluid Biomarker Center, Institute for Research Collaboration and Promotion, Niigata UniversityNiigata950‐2181 Japan
| | - Akira Baba
- Graduate School of Science and Technology and Center for Transdisciplinary ResearchNiigata UniversityNiigata950‐2181 Japan
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27
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28
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Wang J, Long J, Liu Z, Wu W, Hu C. Label-free and high-throughput biosensing of multiple tumor markers on a single light-addressable photoelectrochemical sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Wang H, Gao X, Ma Z. Multifunctional substrate of label-free electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of cytokeratins antigen 21-1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1023. [PMID: 28432339 PMCID: PMC5430772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(thionine)-Au, a novel multifunctional substrate with excellent redox signal, enzyme-like activity, and easy antibody immobilisation, was synthesised using HAuCl4 as the oxidising agent and thionine as the monomer. The prepared poly(thionine)-Au composite exhibited an admirable electrochemical redox signal at -0.15 V and excellent H2O2 catalytic ability. In addition, gold nanoparticles in this composite were found to directly immobilise antibodies and further improve conductivity. In addition, a label-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed using poly(thionine)-Au as the sensing substrate for ultrasensitive detection of cytokeratin antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), an immunoassay found in human serum. The prepared immunosensor showed a wide liner range from 100 ng mL-1 to 10 fg mL-1 and an ultralow detection limit of 4.6 fg mL-1 (the ratio of signal to noise (S/N) = 3). Additionally, this method was used to analyse human serum samples and yielded results consistency with those of ELISA, implying its potential application in clinical research. The poly(thionine)-Au composite can be easily extended to other polymer-based nanocomposites, which is significant for other electrochemical immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhanfang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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30
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Xiao L, Zhu A, Xu Q, Chen Y, Xu J, Weng J. Colorimetric Biosensor for Detection of Cancer Biomarker by Au Nanoparticle-Decorated Bi 2Se 3 Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6931-6940. [PMID: 28164701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The colorimetric biosensors have attracted intensive interest; however, their relatively low sensitivity limits their applications in clinic detection. Herein, we develop an effective colorimetric biosensor based on highly catalytic active Au nanoparticle-decorated Bi2Se3 (Au/Bi2Se3) nanosheets. Au/Bi2Se3 nanosheets are facilely synthesized by simply sonicating Au precursor with the as-synthesized Bi2Se3 nanosheets in aqueous solution. Because of the low redox potential and typical topological insulating properties, Bi2Se3 nanosheets is capable of providing and accumulating electrons on its surface. Such unique properties of Bi2Se3 nanosheets contribute to strong synergistic catalytic effects with Au nanoparticles, particularly when Au/Bi2Se3 nanosheets are utilized for catalyzing the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by NaBH4 (K = 386.67 s-1g-1). The excellent catalytic activity of Au/Bi2Se3 nanosheets can be "switched off" upon treatment of antibody of cancer biomarker such as anticarcinoembryonic antibody (anti-CEA). Addition of the corresponding antigen such as cancer biomarker carcinoembryonic antibody (CEA) can successively help "switch on" the catalytic activity of Au/Bi2Se3 nanosheets, where the resuming degree however depends on the antigen concentration. This cancer biomarker depended catalytic behavior therefore allows Au/Bi2Se3 nanosheets to be employed as a colorimetric sensor for detection of a particular cancer biomarker, for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by NaBH4 itself involves apparent color change. The sensor shows high sensitivity and selectivity for the cancer biomarker, even for a concentration as low as 160 pg/mL for CEA, which fully satisfies the requirement for real clinical applications. The developed colorimetric sensor shows good generality for detection of different types of cancer biomarkers, such as α-fetoprotein (AFP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Furthermore, real clinic sample analyzing result shows that the prepared biosensor is efficient for detection of CEA, providing an alternative method in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ying Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510282, China
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31
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Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N. What are the reasons for low use of graphene quantum dots in immunosensing of cancer biomarkers? MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 71:1313-1326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N. Advanced nanomaterials for use in electrochemical and optical immunoassays of carcinoembryonic antigen. A review. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-2066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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Ju HX, Zhuang QK, Long YT. The Preface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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34
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Qin X, Wang L, Xie Q. Sensitive Bioanalysis Based on in-Situ Droplet Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Detection of CdS Quantum Dots Label after Enhanced Cathodic Preconcentration. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16091342. [PMID: 27563894 PMCID: PMC5038621 DOI: 10.3390/s16091342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a protocol of CdS-labeled sandwich-type amperometric bioanalysis with high sensitivity, on the basis of simultaneous chemical-dissolution/cathodic-enrichment of the CdS quantum dot biolabel and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) detection of Cd directly on the bioelectrode. We added a microliter droplet of 0.1 M aqueous HNO3 to dissolve CdS on the bioelectrode and simultaneously achieved the potentiostatic cathodic preconcentration of Cd by starting the potentiostatic operation before HNO3 addition, which can largely increase the ASV signal. Our protocol was used for immunoanalysis and aptamer-based bioanalysis of several proteins, giving limits of detection of 4.5 fg·mL−1 for human immunoglobulin G, 3.0 fg·mL−1 for human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), 4.9 fg·mL−1 for human α-fetoprotein (AFP), and 0.9 fM for thrombin, which are better than many reported results. The simultaneous and sensitive analysis of CEA and AFP at two screen-printed carbon electrodes was also conducted by our protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Linchun Wang
- Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liuzhou 545001, China.
| | - Qingji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
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35
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Liu J, Cui M, Zhou H, Zhang S. Efficient double-quenching of electrochemiluminescence from CdS:Eu QDs by hemin-graphene-Au nanorods ternary composite for ultrasensitive immunoassay. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30577. [PMID: 27460868 PMCID: PMC4962035 DOI: 10.1038/srep30577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel ternary composite of hemin-graphene-Au nanorods (H-RGO-Au NRs) with high electrocatalytic activity was synthesized by a simple method. And this ternary composite was firstly used in construction of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor due to its double-quenching effect of quantum dots (QDs). Based on the high electrocatalytic activity of ternary complexes for the reduction of H2O2 which acted as the coreactant of QDs-based ECL, as a result, the ECL intensity of QDs decreased. Besides, due to the ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) strategy between the large amount of Au nanorods (Au NRs) on the ternary composite surface and the CdS:Eu QDs, the ECL intensity of QDs was further quenched. Based on the double-quenching effect, a novel ultrasensitive ECL immunoassay method for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) which is used as a model biomarker analyte was proposed. The designed immunoassay method showed a linear range from 0.01 pg mL−1 to 1.0 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.01 pg mL−1. The method showing low detection limit, good stability and acceptable fabrication reproducibility, provided a new approach for ECL immunoassay sensing and significant prospect for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
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36
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Simultaneous detection of two tumor markers using silver and gold nanoparticles decorated carbon nanospheres as labels. Anal Biochem 2016; 505:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Wang L, Rong Q, Ma Z. Construction of Electrochemical Immunosensing Interface for Multiple Cancer Biomarkers Detection. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Capital Normal University; 100048 Beijing
| | - Qinfeng Rong
- Department of Chemistry; Capital Normal University; 100048 Beijing
| | - Zhanfang Ma
- Department of Chemistry; Capital Normal University; 100048 Beijing
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Gao YS, Zhu XF, Xu JK, Lu LM, Wang WM, Yang TT, Xing HK, Yu YF. Label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on Nile blue A-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for carcinoembryonic antigen detection. Anal Biochem 2016; 500:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cai X, Weng S, Guo R, Lin L, Chen W, Zheng Z, Huang Z, Lin X. Ratiometric electrochemical immunoassay based on internal reference value for reproducible and sensitive detection of tumor marker. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 81:173-180. [PMID: 26945184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A ratiometric assay in an electrochemical immunosensor for tumor marker, herein carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was chosen as a model analyte, was developed to improve simplicity and accuracy. The immunosensor was fabricated via the simple expedient way of using Polythionine-gold (PTh-Au) as electrode modified material to be an internal reference signal and K3[Fe(CN)6] in electrolyte as an indicator signal. When the CEA was fixed on the modified electrode via immunoreaction, only the indicator signal sensitively altered; by contrast, the internal reference signal of PTh-Au remained constant at a suitable pH of the electrolyte. The ratio between the alterations of the indicator signal of K3[Fe(CN)6] and the constant internal reference signal can be used to monitor the concentration of CEA reliably, reproducibly, and sensitively. The prepared ratiometric electrochemical immunosensor could detect CEA with good specificity within a wide linear range from 0.005ng/ml to 40ng/ml with a detection limit of 2.2pg/ml. Additionally, experimental results confirm that our proposed method is practical. Thus, this method can expand to recognize and test other protein markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shaohuang Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Rubin Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liqing Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | | | - Zhengjun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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Song Y, Luo Y, Zhu C, Li H, Du D, Lin Y. Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors based on graphene two-dimensional nanomaterials. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 76:195-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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41
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Rong Q, Feng F, Ma Z. Metal ions doped chitosan–poly(acrylic acid) nanospheres: Synthesis and their application in simultaneously electrochemical detection of four markers of pancreatic cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 75:148-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Feng T, Qiao X, Wang H, Sun Z, Qi Y, Hong C. An electrochemical immunosensor for simultaneous point-of-care cancer markers based on the host–guest inclusion of β-cyclodextrin–graphene oxide. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:990-996. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensor was developed using GO–AuNPs as substrates, Cu2O–GO–CD and GO–CD–Fc as probes, which exhibited excellent electrochemical performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- PR China
| | - Xiuwen Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- PR China
| | - Haining Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- PR China
| | - Zhao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- PR China
| | - Yu Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- PR China
| | - Chenglin Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- PR China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
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Zhao J, Guo Z, Feng D, Guo J, Wang J, Zhang Y. Simultaneous electrochemical immunosensing of alpha-fetoprotein and prostate specific antigen using a glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticle-coated silica nanospheres and decorated with Azure A or ferrocenecarboxylic acid. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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44
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Synthesis of cadmium, lead and copper alginate nanobeads as immunosensing probes for the detection of AFP, CEA and PSA. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 70:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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45
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Wang C, Hou F, Ma Y. Simultaneous quantitative detection of multiple tumor markers with a rapid and sensitive multicolor quantum dots based immunochromatographic test strip. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:156-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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46
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Ma Z, Liu N. Design of immunoprobes for electrochemical multiplexed tumor marker detection. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:1075-83. [PMID: 26027743 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1052798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many approaches have been developed for simultaneous detection of multiple tumor markers. Among these approaches, the electrochemical immunoassay has the advantage of high sensitivity and specificity and could be easily expanded into multiplex detection platform. For the simultaneous multianalyte electrochemical immunosensor, performance is closely related with the characteristics of the immunoprobes and substrate. In order to construct a multilabeled immunoprobe platform, the most important issue is how to discriminate each signal for each analyte from the multiple antigen-antibody reactions. Currently, enzyme-based, noble metal nanomaterials, carbonmaterials and polymer-based nanomaterial immunoprobes have been used for dual- or three-analyte detections. However, there are still some challenges in developing sensitive method to detect three or more tumor markers owing to the lack of redox-active species that can produce three or more distinctive peaks. Additionally, for the immunosensing substrate, good conductivity, high specific surface area and good biocompatibility are further necessities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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47
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Wang D, Li T, Gan N, Zhang H, Long N, Hu F, Cao Y, Jiang Q, Jiang S. Electrochemical coding for multiplexed immunoassays of biomarkers based on bio-based polymer-nanotags. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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48
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One-step synthesis of redox-active polymer/AU nanocomposites for electrochemical immunoassay of multiplexed tumor markers. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 65:307-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Label-free immunosensor based on Au@Ag2S nanoparticles/magnetic chitosan matrix for sensitive determination of ractopamine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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50
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Han J, Zhuo Y, Chai YQ, Xiang Y, Yuan R. New Type of Redox Nanoprobe: C60-Based Nanomaterial and Its Application in Electrochemical Immunoassay for Doping Detection. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1669-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503406p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical
Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical
Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ya-Qin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical
Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical
Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical
Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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