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Joseph J, Raya J, Palmino F, Jeannoutot J, Berville M, Weiss J, Chérioux F, Wytko JA. Self-assembled viologens on HOPG: solid-state NMR and AFM unravel the location of the anions. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13089-13095. [PMID: 38904940 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00894d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The controlled growth of self-assembled networks on surfaces based on viologen salts is a major scientific challenge due to their unique electronic properties. The combination of solid-state NMR spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy at ambient conditions can unravel the fine organization of the supramolecular network on a graphitic surface by positioning the counter-ions relative to the viologen cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Joseph
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jésus Raya
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Frank Palmino
- Université Franche-Comté, CNRS, FEMTO-ST, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | | | - Mathilde Berville
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jean Weiss
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Jennifer A Wytko
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France.
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2
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Shin JC, Kim TY, Kim HJ, Choi UH, Park HS, Lee M. New organic ionic plastic crystals based on pyrrolidinium dication for a solid‐phase electrolyte. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Chan Shin
- Department of Chemistry Kunsan National University Gunsan South Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea
| | - Hwi Jung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea
| | - Ho Seok Park
- School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - Minjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kunsan National University Gunsan South Korea
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3
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Sagara T, Tahara H. Redox of Viologen for Powering and Coloring. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2375-2388. [PMID: 34036724 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Viologen is among the most attractive and easiest-to-use organic redox active group in many functional molecular assemblies. It plays crucial roles as an electron transfer mediator in the artificial photo-energy conversion systems and electron-transfer protein assemblies and as a building block of supramolecules. Its features include electrochemically reversible redox activity and stability. Strong blue color and tendency to dimerization of the one-electron reduced form, viologen mono-radical mono-cation, are remarkable. In this Account, we describe the use of viologen to give a powered movement of small molecules and motion of millimetre-sized macroscopic soft-matters and the use of viologen ionic liquid as electrochromic materials. Attractivities of the use of viologen units for powering and coloring are demonstrated and discussed. In particular, we highlight driving of mechanical movements by π-π stacking dimerization, incorporation in a hydrogel to attain highly deformable material, induction of 2D phase transformation, and sharp color change of very thin ionic liquid layer in a compartment-less electrochromic display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Sagara
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hironobu Tahara
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
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4
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Bhowmik PK, Noori O, Chen SL, Han H, Fisch MR, Robb CM, Variyam A, Martinez-Felipe A. Ionic liquid crystals: Synthesis and characterization via NMR, DSC, POM, X-ray diffraction and ionic conductivity of asymmetric viologen bistriflimide salts. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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5
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Li S, Safari N, Saielli G, Wang Y. Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of Viologen Bistriflimide/Benzene Mixtures: Role of the Dual Ionic and Organic Nature of Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:7929-7937. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P.O. Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Niloufar Safari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Giacomo Saielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, Padova 35131, Italy
- CNR Institute on Membrane Technology, Unit of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Yanting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P.O. Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Zheng Y, Wang J, Tang X, Zhang L, Meng F. Liquid-crystalline behavior and ferroelectric property of viologen-based ionic liquid crystals. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Cao W, Senthilkumar B, Causin V, Swamy VP, Wang Y, Saielli G. Influence of the ion size on the stability of the smectic phase of ionic liquid crystals. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:411-420. [PMID: 31789337 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The thermotropic phase behavior of ionic liquids and ionic liquid crystals based on novel N-alkyl-3-methylpyridinium halides, trihalides and dichloroiodates was experimentally studied by polarized optical spectroscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In the experiments, the existence and thermal range of stability of the smectic phase of these ionic liquid crystals are found to strongly depend on the volume ratio between the cation and anion, that is their relative size. Only compounds with a relatively large volume ratio of the cation to anion, i.e., those with longer cationic alkyl chains and monoatomic halide anions, have a stable smectic A phase. Both melting points and clearing points increase with such a ratio. The MD simulation results qualitatively agree very well with the experimental data and provide molecular details which can explain the experimentally observed phenomena: the stronger van der Waals interactions from the longer alkyl chains and the stronger electrostatic interactions from the smaller anions with a higher charge density increase the stability of both the crystal phase and the smectic phase; this also prevents the ionic layers from easily mixing with the hydrophobic regions, a mechanism that ultimately leads to a nanosegregated isotropic liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wudi Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P. O. Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China.
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8
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Papadakis R. Mono- and Di-Quaternized 4,4'-Bipyridine Derivatives as Key Building Blocks for Medium- and Environment-Responsive Compounds and Materials. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010001. [PMID: 31861256 PMCID: PMC6982771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mono- and di-quaternized 4,4'-bipyridine derivatives constitute a family of heterocyclic compounds, which in recent years have been employed in numerous applications. These applications correspond to various disciplines of research and technology. In their majority, two key features of these 4,4'-bipyridine-based derivatives are exploited: their redox activity and their electrochromic aptitude. Contemporary materials and compounds encompassing these skeletons as building blocks are often characterized as multifunctional, as their presence often gives rise to interesting phenomena, e.g., various types of chromism. This research trend is acknowledged, and, in this review article, recent examples of multifunctional chromic materials/compounds of this class are presented. Emphasis is placed on solvent-/medium- and environment-responsive 4,4'-bipyridine derivatives. Two important classes of 4,4'-bipyridine-based products with solvatochromic and/or environment-responsive character are reviewed: viologens (i.e., N,N'-disubstituted derivatives) and monoquats (i.e., monosubstituted 4,4'-bipyridine derivatives). The multifunctional nature of these derivatives is analyzed and structure-property relations are discussed in connection to the role of these derivatives in various novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaello Papadakis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, 15780 Athens, Greece; ; Tel.: +46-728-368-595
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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9
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Li R, Yang X. Computational Study of the Substituent Effects for the Spectroscopic Properties of Thiazolo[5,4- d]thiazole Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10102-10108. [PMID: 31661965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b08638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the structure and optical properties of N,N'-dialkylated/dibenzylated 2,5-bis(4-pyridinium)thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole, we proposed a series of disubstituted thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole derivatives as promising materials for multifunctional optoelectronic, electron transfer sensing, and other photochemical applications. Density functional theory study of the electronic structures and transition properties of those newly proposed molecules indicates that the electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups introduced to the peripheral pyridyl ligands extend the distributions of molecular frontier orbitals, increase the electron density in thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazolea, and therefore lead to remarkable red-shifts of their absorption and emission peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Xinzheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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10
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Saielli G, Satoh K. A coarse-grained model of ionic liquid crystals: the effect of stoichiometry on the stability of the ionic nematic phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20327-20337. [PMID: 31495845 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03296g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated, by means of molecular dynamics simulations, the phase behaviour of mixtures of charged ellipsoidal Gay-Berne (GB) particles and spherical Lennard-Jones (LJ) particles, as a coarse-grained model of ionic liquid crystals (ILCs). The anisotropic GB particles represent cations usually found in ILCs, for example, pyridinium or bipyridinium salts, while the spherical LJ particles are taken as a model of anions like common halides, hexafluorophosphate and tetrafluoroborate. Here we have focused our attention on the effect of the stoichiometry of the system (that is, the GB : LJ ratio n : m in the salt formula [GB]n[LJ]m) on the stability and thermal range of the ionic liquid crystal phases formed, with special attention to the ionic nematic phase. To isolate the stoichiometry effect, a comparison of four different systems with GB : LJ ratios of 1 : 3, 1 : 2, 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 is made by keeping the packing fraction and the charge of the minor component fixed. Our results suggest a way to improve the stability of the ionic nematic phase by enhancing the anisotropic van der Waals interaction compared to the Coulomb interaction, and by increasing the proportion of anisotropic particles in the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Saielli
- CNR Institute on Membrane Technology, Unit of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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11
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Nonfunctionalized Cation of an Ionic Liquid as a Ligand in the Synthesis of a New Coordination Compound and Assessment of Its Biological Activity. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2019; 2019:9257679. [PMID: 31341465 PMCID: PMC6612962 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9257679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Literature evidences reveal the affinity of ionic liquids for biomembranes that they are readily absorbed into the cell, resulting in a variety of biological effects, including broad antibacterial potential and anticancer activity. Recent research directions considered the ions of this class of compounds as a new choice of ligands in the synthesis of transition metal complexes for various applications. Based on this, the present work reports the synthesis, structural characterization, and in vitro antibacterial activities of a tetrahedral hexacationic Co(II) complex formed by coordinating with the cation of an ionic liquid, N-butyl-4,4-bipyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([C4Bip][Tf2N]). It has been demonstrated by the isolation and characterization of tetrakis-(N-butyl-4,4′-bipyridinium)cobalt(II)dichloride-tetrakis-(bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide, ([(C4Bip)4Co]Cl2(Tf2N)4). The ligand and complex are characterized spectroscopically (1H, 13C, and 19F NMR, ESI MS, ICP OES), and by CHNS elemental analysis, halide estimation, and conductivity studies. The antibacterial activities of the compounds against two bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), are screened using the agar well-diffusion method and were compared with a reference (gentamicin). The metal complex demonstrated better inhibition than the ionic liquid and the reference.
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12
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Di Pietro ME, Margola T, Celebre G, De Luca G, Saielli G. A combined LX-NMR and molecular dynamics investigation of the bulk and local structure of ionic liquid crystals. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:4486-4497. [PMID: 31093625 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00612e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The unique power of NMR spectroscopy in anisotropic media (LX-NMR) as a tool to obtain local and bulk structural information, combined with the effectiveness of molecular dynamics simulations at the atomistic level, shows very attractive potentialities for the study of interesting, even though still poorly understood, materials such as Ionic Liquid Crystals (ILCs). In this work, we focused our attention, in particular, on the orientational ordering of two mesophases: 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C12C1im]Cl, and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [C12C1im][BF4]. Both ILCs were studied by a 2H NMR direct investigation of the molecules forming the phases, suitably deuterated, and by 1H NMR spectroscopy, using the small rigid probe-solutes 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB), dissolved in [C12C1im][BF4] and [C12C1im]Cl, and 1,4-dibromobenzene (DBB) dissolved in [C12C1im][BF4], to probe the local, internal structure and organization of the mesophases. The experimental results were then compared with the predictions, by atomistic MD simulations, of the structure of the smectic phase of the two salts, at two selected temperatures, containing a single DCB molecule as a probe. The MD simulations show that the DCB solute is distributed only within the hydrophobic layers of the ILC. Orientational order parameters of the imidazolium cations and of the DCB molecule were obtained and compared with the experiments, showing a general good agreement and allowing a deeper understanding of the microscopic structure of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, cubo 14C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.
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13
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Sagara T, Eguchi H. Revisiting aqueous redox process of alkyl-linked bis-viologen: Evaluation of redox potential inversion. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Properties of Viologens Containing 4-n-alkylbenzenesulfonates. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of viologens containing 4-n-alkylbenzenesulfonates were synthesized by the metathesis reaction of 4-n-alkylbenzenesulfonic acids or sodium 4-n-alkylbezenesulfonates with the respective viologen dibromide in alcohols. Their chemical structures were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra and elemental analysis. Their thermotropic liquid-crystalline (LC) properties were examined by differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. They formed LC phases above their melting transitions and showed isotropic transitions. As expected, all the viologen salts had excellent stabilities in the temperature range of 278–295 °C as determined by thermogravimetric analysis.
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Nagarkar SS, Kurasho H, Duong NT, Nishiyama Y, Kitagawa S, Horike S. Crystal melting and glass formation in copper thiocyanate based coordination polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5455-5458. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02172h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The melting point of Cu+ coordination polymer crystals is controlled by ligands, and the reversible crystal-to-glass state is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjog S. Nagarkar
- AIST-Kyoto University Chemical Energy Materials Open Innovation Laboratory (ChEM-OIL)
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Haruna Kurasho
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Nghia Tuan Duong
- NMR Science and Development Division
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center and Nano-Crystallography Unit
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- NMR Science and Development Division
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center and Nano-Crystallography Unit
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Susumu Kitagawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences
- Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Satoshi Horike
- AIST-Kyoto University Chemical Energy Materials Open Innovation Laboratory (ChEM-OIL)
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
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Synthesis of N-Tetradecyl-1,10-phenathrolinium-Based New Salts for Biological Applications. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2018; 2018:8097483. [PMID: 30116259 PMCID: PMC6079542 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8097483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
New organic salts were synthesized by quaternizing 1,10-phenanthroline using 1-bromotetradecane. The first step yielded an organic salt of formula [C26H37N2]Br. Anion exchange reaction using Li[(CF3SO2)2N] resulted in a more stable salt of formula [C26H37N2][(CF3SO2)2N]. The organic salts were investigated by spectrometry (1H, 13C, 19F NMR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy (MALDI MS), CHNSBr elemental analysis, and thermal analysis (TGA and DSC). The thermal characterization showed the melting and decomposition points of [C26H37N2][(CF3SO2)2N] to be 48°C and 290°C, respectively, which indicates it is an ionic liquid with large liquidus range. The biological activities of the salts were investigated against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria, and they are found to be active against all of them. They were compared with [Cu(1,10-phenanthroline)2Cl]Cl. They are found more active against the Gram-negative bacteria. The salts demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration as low as 50 µg/L. These results suggest the synthesized salts can be considered as a better alternative to certain transition metal complex drugs. This minimizes the concern of introducing metal ions into the organism.
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Corrêa CM, Córdoba de Torresi SI, Benedetti TM, Torresi RM. Viologen-functionalized poly(ionic liquids): Spectroelectrochemical and QCM-D studies. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Madasamy K, Shanmugam VM, Velayutham D, Kathiresan M. Reversible 2D Supramolecular Organic Frameworks encompassing Viologen Cation Radicals and CB[8]. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1354. [PMID: 29358634 PMCID: PMC5778010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible 2D supramolecular organic frameworks encompassing branched viologen architectures and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) were constructed and investigated. UV-vis investigation clearly indicates the formation and intermolecular dimerization of monocation radicals and their encapsulation into the hydrophobic CB[8] cavity which is further complemented by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectroscopy. Particle size measurements by dynamic light scattering method showed particle sizes in the range of several µm indicating larger aggregates. Zeta potential measurements suggested the instability of these particles and their tendency to form aggregates. TEM (transmission electron microscope) analysis further revealed the formation of supramolecular polymer (monocation radical with cucurbit[8]uril) whose diameter were in the range of several µm as indicated by DLS measurements; however the oxidized form, i.e., the viologen dication with cucurbit[8]uril showed dotted spots in the range of sub nanometer level. The internal periodicities of the supramolecular polymers were analyzed by SAXs (small angle X-ray scattering) measurements. Additionally, we have demonstrated that these supramolecular organic frameworks can be depolymerized by oxidation in air and again can be polymerized (intermolecular radical dimerization) by reduction under inert atmosphere demonstrating that these systems will be of broad interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagaraj Madasamy
- Electroorganic Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - David Velayutham
- Electroorganic Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugavel Kathiresan
- Electroorganic Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Design of Viologen-Based Liquid Crystals Exhibiting Bicontinuous Cubic Phases and Their Redox-Active Behavior. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10111243. [PMID: 29077001 PMCID: PMC5706190 DOI: 10.3390/ma10111243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have succeeded in developing viologen-based liquid-crystalline materials forming bicontinuous cubic phases. They are composed of amphiphilic zwitterions with a viologen ionic-head-group and sulfonyl-imide-type acids. In the bicontinuous cubic liquid-crystalline assemblies, the ionic-head groups of the amphiphiles align along a gyroid minimal surface, forming a 3D continuous viologen layer. The ionic state of the viologen-moieties can be tuned from a dication state (V2+) to a radical mono cation state (V1+•) by UV irradiation and/or electric field. This redox reaction proceeds in bulk, accompanying the change of their color from colorless to purple. Interestingly, they preserve the 3D molecular assembled structures beyond the redox reaction, which has been confirmed by polarizing optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements.
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Jordão N, Cruz H, Branco A, Pina F, Branco LC. Bis(bipyridinium) Salts as Multicolored Electrochromic Devices. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1211-1217. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Jordão
- LAQV-REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Hugo Cruz
- LAQV-REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Aida Branco
- Ynvisible; Rua Mouzinho de Albuquerque 7 2070-104 Cartaxo Portugal
| | - Fernando Pina
- LAQV-REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Luís C. Branco
- LAQV-REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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21
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Marchini M, Baroncini M, Bergamini G, Ceroni P, D'Angelantonio M, Franchi P, Lucarini M, Negri F, Szreder T, Venturi M. Hierarchical Growth of Supramolecular Structures Driven by Pimerization of Tetrahedrally Arranged Bipyridinium Units. Chemistry 2017; 23:6380-6390. [PMID: 28263437 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A shape-persistent molecule, featuring four bipyridinium units, has been synthesized that upon reduction undergoes intermolecular pimerization because of the rigid architecture of the molecule. The pimerization process has been investigated by a variety of techniques, such as absorption measurements, EPR spectroscopy, as well as gamma and pulse radiolysis, and compared with the behavior of a model compound. Computational studies have also been performed to support the experimental data. The most interesting feature of the tetramer is that pimerization occurs only above a threshold concentration of monoreduced species, on the contrary to the model compound. Furthermore, there is an increase of the apparent pimerization constant by increasing the concentration of reduced bipyridinium units. These results have been interpreted by the fact that pimerization is favored in the tetrahedrally shaped molecule because of a cooperative mechanism. Each multiply reduced molecule can indeed undergo multiple intermolecular interactions that enhance the stabilization of the system, also leading to hierarchical supramolecular growth. The resulting supramolecular system formed by such intermolecular pimerization should exhibit a diamond-like structure, as suggested by a simplified modeling approach. The intermolecular nature of the pimerization process occurring in the tetramer has been demonstrated by measuring the corresponding bimolecular rate constant by pulsed radiolysis experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Marchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Baroncini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Present address: Dipartimento di Scienze e, Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università di Bologna, viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy, Bologna Unit, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy, Bologna Unit, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Mila D'Angelantonio
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Franchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Lucarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tomasz Szreder
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Margherita Venturi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy, Bologna Unit, Università di Bologna, Italy
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22
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De J, Setia S, Pal SK. Synthesis, Mesomorphism and Photoluminescence of a New Class of Anthracene-based Discotic Liquid Crystals. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joydip De
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City; Manauli- 140306 India
| | - Shilpa Setia
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City; Manauli- 140306 India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City; Manauli- 140306 India
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23
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Saielli G, Wang Y. Role of the Electrostatic Interactions in the Stabilization of Ionic Liquid Crystals: Insights from Coarse-Grained MD Simulations of an Imidazolium Model. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:9152-60. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Saielli
- CNR
Institute on Membrane Technology, Unit of Padova and Department of
Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Yanting Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P.O.
Box 2735, Beijing, 100190, China
- School
of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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24
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Ramírez-González PE, Ren G, Saielli G, Wang Y. Effect of Ion Rigidity on Physical Properties of Ionic Liquids Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5678-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro E. Ramírez-González
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P.O.
Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gan Ren
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P.O.
Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Giacomo Saielli
- Istituto per la
Tecnologia delle Membrane del CNR, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Yanting Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 55 East Zhongguancun Road, P.O.
Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China
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25
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Di Pietro ME, Celebre G, De Luca G. Doped ionic liquid crystals as effective weakly alignment media for polar solutes. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 267:63-67. [PMID: 27128198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ionic liquid crystal 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate slightly doped with water is presented as a promising NMR alignment medium for the measurement of residual dipolar couplings for polar molecules dissolved therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Lab. LXNMR_S.C.An., Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Giorgio Celebre
- Lab. LXNMR_S.C.An., Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Luca
- Lab. LXNMR_S.C.An., Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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26
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Alvarez Fernandez A, Kouwer PHJ. Key Developments in Ionic Liquid Crystals. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E731. [PMID: 27196890 PMCID: PMC4881553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquid crystals are materials that combine the classes of liquid crystals and ionic liquids. The first one is based on the multi-billion-dollar flat panel display industry, whilst the latter quickly developed in the past decades into a family of highly-tunable non-volatile solvents. The combination yields materials with a unique set of properties, but also with many challenges ahead. In this review, we provide an overview of the key concepts in ionic liquid crystals, particularly from a molecular perspective. What are the important molecular parameters that determine the phase behavior? How should they be introduced into the molecules? Finally, which other tools does one have to realize specific properties in the material?
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Alvarez Fernandez
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Blk N4.1 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Paul H J Kouwer
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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27
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Goossens K, Lava K, Bielawski CW, Binnemans K. Ionic Liquid Crystals: Versatile Materials. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4643-807. [PMID: 27088310 DOI: 10.1021/cr400334b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This Review covers the recent developments (2005-2015) in the design, synthesis, characterization, and application of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals. It was designed to give a comprehensive overview of the "state-of-the-art" in the field. The discussion is focused on low molar mass and dendrimeric thermotropic ionic mesogens, as well as selected metal-containing compounds (metallomesogens), but some references to polymeric and/or lyotropic ionic liquid crystals and particularly to ionic liquids will also be provided. Although zwitterionic and mesoionic mesogens are also treated to some extent, emphasis will be directed toward liquid-crystalline materials consisting of organic cations and organic/inorganic anions that are not covalently bound but interact via electrostatic and other noncovalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Goossens
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Lava
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.,Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christopher W Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Koen Binnemans
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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28
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Madasamy K, Kathiresan M. Dimeric and Star-Shaped Viologens: Synthesis and Capping interactions with β-cyclodextrin. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanagaraj Madasamy
- Electro Organic Division; CSIR-Central ElectroChemical Research Institute; Karaikudi- 630003 TamilNadu INDIA
| | - Murugavel Kathiresan
- Electro Organic Division; CSIR-Central ElectroChemical Research Institute; Karaikudi- 630003 TamilNadu INDIA
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29
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Jordão N, Cruz H, Branco A, Pinheiro C, Pina F, Branco LC. Switchable electrochromic devices based on disubstituted bipyridinium derivatives. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02368h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gel switchable electrochromic devices based on disubstituted bipyridinium derivatives have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Jordão
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2829-516 Monte de Caparica
| | - Hugo Cruz
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2829-516 Monte de Caparica
| | | | | | - Fernando Pina
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2829-516 Monte de Caparica
| | - Luís C. Branco
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2829-516 Monte de Caparica
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30
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Berville M, Karmazin L, Wytko JA, Weiss J. Viologen cyclophanes: redox controlled host–guest interactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:15772-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bis(viologen) cyclophanes with alkyl linkers demonstrate redox-dependent host–guest properties, including the formation of a crystalline mixed valence species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Berville
- CLAC
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Cristallographie
- GDS 3648
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Jennifer A. Wytko
- CLAC
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Jean Weiss
- CLAC
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
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31
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32
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Casella G, Causin V, Rastrelli F, Saielli G. Viologen-based ionic liquid crystals: induction of a smectic A phase by dimerisation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:5048-51. [PMID: 24481277 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54628d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stability of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals is essentially due to micro-phase segregation between the ionic heads and the long alkyl chains. Here we show, using newly synthesized viologen dimers, that the structure of the central core is another key parameter to play with in order to tune the mesomorphic behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Casella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo, 1 - 35131 Padova, Italy
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33
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D'Anna F, Noto R. Di- and Tricationic Organic Salts: An Overview of Their Properties and Applications. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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34
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Cheng HB, Zhang YM, Xu C, Liu Y. Photoresponsive supramolecular complexes as efficient DNA regulator. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4210. [PMID: 24572680 PMCID: PMC3936212 DOI: 10.1038/srep04210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Two supramolecular complexes of trans-1⊂CB[8] and trans-2⊂CB[8] were successfully achieved by the controlled selective complexation process of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) with hetero-guest pair containing azobenzene and bispyridinium moieties in aqueous solution, exhibiting the reversibly light-driven movements of CB[8] upon the photocontrollable isomerization of azophenyl axle components. Significantly, the obtained bistable supramolecular complexes and their corresponding [2]pseudorotaxanes could act as a promising concentrator and cleavage agent to regulate the binding behaviors with DNA molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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35
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Butschies M, Neidhardt MM, Mansueto M, Laschat S, Tussetschläger S. Synthesis of guanidinium-sulfonimide ion pairs: towards novel ionic liquid crystals. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1093-101. [PMID: 23766823 PMCID: PMC3678594 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently introduced concept of ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) with complementary ion pairs, consisting of both, mesogenic cation and anion, was extended from guanidinium sulfonates to guanidinium sulfonimides. In this preliminary study, the synthesis and mesomorphic properties of selected derivatives were described, which provide the first example of an ILC with the sulfonimide anion directly attached to the mesogenic unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Butschies
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Manuel M Neidhardt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Mansueto
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Tussetschläger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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36
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Han Y, Gu YK, Xiang JF, Chen CF. Complexation between triptycene-based macrotricyclic host and π-extended viologens: formation of supramolecular poly[3]pseudorotaxanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11076-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Asaftei S, Ciobanu M, Lepadatu AM, Song E, Beginn U. Thermotropic ionic liquid crystals by molecular assembly and ion pairing of 4,4′-bipyridinium derivatives and tris(dodecyloxy)benzenesulfonates in a non-polar solvent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm31830j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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