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Liu Y, Yin L. α-Amino acid N-carboxyanhydride (NCA)-derived synthetic polypeptides for nucleic acids delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:139-163. [PMID: 33333206 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, gene therapy has come into the spotlight for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of diseases. Polypeptides have been widely used in mediating nucleic acid delivery, due to their versatilities in chemical structures, desired biodegradability, and low cytotoxicity. Chemistry plays an essential role in the development of innovative polypeptides to address the challenges of producing efficient and safe gene vectors. In this Review, we mainly focused on the latest chemical advances in the design and preparation of polypeptide-based nucleic acid delivery vehicles. We first discussed the synthetic approach of polypeptides via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs), and introduced the various types of polypeptide-based gene delivery systems. The extracellular and intracellular barriers against nucleic acid delivery were then outlined, followed by detailed review on the recent advances in polypeptide-based delivery systems that can overcome these barriers to enable in vitro and in vivo gene transfection. Finally, we concluded this review with perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lichen Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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2
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Gallops CE, Ziebarth JD, Wang Y. Coarse-grained Simulations of the Impact of Chain Length and Stiffness on the Formation and Aggregation of Polyelectrolyte Complexes. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2020; 29:2000015. [PMID: 36117803 PMCID: PMC9480279 DOI: 10.1002/mats.202000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes formed from nucleic acids and synthetic polycations have been studied because of their potential in gene delivery. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are performed to examine the impact of chain length and polyanion stiffness on polyplex formation and aggregation. Polyplexes containing single polyanion chain fall into three structural regimes depending on polyanion stiffness: flexible polyanions form collapsed complexes, semiflexible polyanions form various morphologies including toroids and hairpins, and stiff polyanions form rod-like structures. Polyplex size generally decreases as polycation length increases. Aggregation (i.e., formation of complexes containing multiple polyanions) is observed in some simulations containing multiple polyanions and an excess of short polycations. Aggregation is observed to only occur for semiflexible and stiff polyanions and is promoted by shorter polycation lengths. Simulations of short, stiff polyanions condensed by long polycations are used as a model for siRNA gene delivery complexes. These simulations show multiple polyanions are spaced out along the polycation with polyanion-polyanion interactions, usually limited to overlapping chain ends. These structures differ from aggregates of longer polyanions in which the polyanions are packed together in parallel, forming bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E. Gallops
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152
| | - Jesse D. Ziebarth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152
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3
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Jagrosse ML, Dean DA, Rahman A, Nilsson BL. RNAi therapeutic strategies for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Transl Res 2019; 214:30-49. [PMID: 31401266 PMCID: PMC7316156 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), replacing the clinical term acute lung injury, involves serious pathophysiological lung changes that arise from a variety of pulmonary and nonpulmonary injuries and currently has no pharmacological therapeutics. RNA interference (RNAi) has the potential to generate therapeutic effects that would increase patient survival rates from this condition. It is the purpose of this review to discuss potential targets in treating ARDS with RNAi strategies, as well as to outline the challenges of oligonucleotide delivery to the lung and tactics to circumvent these delivery barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Dean
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Arshad Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Bradley L Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
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4
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Abstract
Gene therapy has emerged as an alternative in the treatment of cancer, particularly in cases of resistance to chemo and radiotherapy. Different approaches to deliver genetic material to tumor tissues have been proposed, including the use of small non-coding RNAs due to their multiple mechanisms of action. However, such promise has shown limits in in vivo application related to RNA's biological instability and stimulation of immunity, urging the development of systems able to overcome those barriers. In this review, we discuss the use of RNA interference in cancer therapy with special attention to the role of siRNA and miRNA and to the challenges of their delivery in vivo. We introduce a promising class of drug delivery system known as micelle-like nanoparticles and explore their synthesis and advantages for gene therapy as well as the recent findings in in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies.
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5
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Pan W, Yin DX, Jing HR, Chang HJ, Wen H, Liang DH. Core-Corona Structure Formed by Hyaluronic Acid and Poly(L-lysine) via Kinetic Path. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Chang H, Jing H, Yin Y, Zhang Q, Liang D. Membrane-mediated transport in a non-equilibrium hybrid protocell based on coacervate droplets and a surfactant. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13849-13852. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08337a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Each molecule follows a specific pathway to be internalized and generates different distributions in a protocell under non-equilibrium conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojing Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Hairong Jing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Yudan Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Qiufen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Dehai Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
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7
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Marciel AB, Chung EJ, Brettmann BK, Leon L. Bulk and nanoscale polypeptide based polyelectrolyte complexes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 239:187-198. [PMID: 27418294 PMCID: PMC5205580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed using polypeptides have great potential for developing new self-assembled materials, in particular for the development of drug and gene delivery vehicles. This review discusses the latest advancements in PECs formed using polypeptides as the polyanion and/or the polycation in both polyelectrolyte complexes that form bulk materials and block copolymer complexes that form nanoscale assemblies such as PEC micelles and other self-assembled structures. We highlight the importance of secondary structure formation between homogeneous polypeptide complexes, which, unlike PECs formed using other polymers, introduces additional intermolecular interactions in the form of hydrogen bonding, which may influence precipitation over coacervation. However, we still include heterogeneous complexes consisting of polypeptides and other polymers such as nucleic acids, sugars, and other synthetic polyelectrolytes. Special attention is given to complexes formed using nucleic acids as polyanions and polypeptides as polycations and their potential for delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Marciel
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Eun Ji Chung
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Blair K Brettmann
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Lorraine Leon
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States.
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8
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Pan W, Wen H, Liang D. Enzymatic activity inside a DNA/peptide complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22487-22493. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dissociation of the DNA/peptide complex is controlled by the enzyme, while only 1/3 of the enzyme is active inside the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Bejing 100871
- China
| | - Hao Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Bejing 100871
- China
| | - Dehai Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Bejing 100871
- China
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9
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew V. Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering; The University of Chicago; Chicago IL USA
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10
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Wen H, Zhou J, Pan W, Li Z, Liang D. Assembly and Reassembly of Polyelectrolyte Complex Formed by Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(glutamate sodium) and S5R4 Peptide. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wen
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer
Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871
| | - Jihan Zhou
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer
Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871
| | - Wei Pan
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer
Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871
| | - Zhibo Li
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China 266061
| | - Dehai Liang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer
Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871
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11
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Haladjova E, Mountrichas G, Pispas S, Rangelov S. Poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) Homo and Block Copolymers Complexation with DNA. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2586-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Haladjova
- Institute
of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St. bl.103A, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Grigoris Mountrichas
- Theoretical
and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Ave., 116 35 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical
and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Ave., 116 35 Athens, Greece
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute
of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St. bl.103A, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
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12
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Yin Y, Niu L, Zhu X, Zhao M, Zhang Z, Mann S, Liang D. Non-equilibrium behaviour in coacervate-based protocells under electric-field-induced excitation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10658. [PMID: 26876162 PMCID: PMC4756681 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous strategies are now available to generate rudimentary forms of synthetic cell-like entities, minimal progress has been made in the sustained excitation of artificial protocells under non-equilibrium conditions. Here we demonstrate that the electric field energization of coacervate microdroplets comprising polylysine and short single strands of DNA generates membrane-free protocells with complex, dynamical behaviours. By confining the droplets within a microfluidic channel and applying a range of electric field strengths, we produce protocells that exhibit repetitive cycles of vacuolarization, dynamical fluctuations in size and shape, chaotic growth and fusion, spontaneous ejection and sequestration of matter, directional capture of solute molecules, and pulsed enhancement of enzyme cascade reactions. Our results highlight new opportunities for the study of non-equilibrium phenomena in synthetic protocells, provide a strategy for inducing complex behaviour in electrostatically assembled soft matter microsystems and illustrate how dynamical properties can be activated and sustained in microcompartmentalized media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lin Niu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Meiping Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zexin Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Stephen Mann
- Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Dehai Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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13
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Zhou J, Wen H, Ke F, Shi D, Brisky AA, Wang N, Zhu L, Qiu X, Liang D. Capsules with a hierarchical shell structure assembled by aminoglycosides and DNA via the kinetic path. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:9525-8. [PMID: 25011694 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03508a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides are capable of expelling water molecules when forming a complex with DNA via electrostatic interaction. The "water-proof" nature of the complex leads to the formation of capsules, which possess hierarchical shell structures with a smooth and rigid outer layer and a viscoelastic inner layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihan Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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14
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Abstract
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RNA
interference (RNAi) is an endogenous process in which small
noncoding RNAs, including small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs
(miRNAs), post-transcriptionally regulate gene expressions. In general,
siRNA and miRNA/miRNA mimics are similar in nature and activity except
their origin and specificity. Although both siRNAs and miRNAs have
been extensively studied as novel therapeutics for a wide range of
diseases, the large molecular weight, anionic surface charges, instability
in blood circulation, and intracellular trafficking to the RISC after
cellular uptake have hindered the translation of these RNAs from bench
to clinic. As a result, a great variety of delivery systems have been
investigated for safe and effective delivery of small noncoding RNAs.
Among these systems, peptides, especially cationic peptides, have
emerged as a promising type of carrier due to their inherent ability
to condense negatively charged RNAs, ease of synthesis, controllable
size, and tunable structure. In this review, we will focus on three
major types of cationic peptides, including poly(l-lysine)
(PLL), protamine, and cell penetrating peptides (CPP), as well as
peptide targeting ligands that have been extensively used in RNA delivery.
The delivery strategies, applications, and limitations of these cationic
peptides in siRNA/miRNA delivery will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
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15
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Zheng C, Niu L, Pan W, Zhou J, Lv H, Cheng J, Liang D. Long-term kinetics of DNA interacting with polycations. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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