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Jeon J, Tan ATL, Lee J, Park JE, Won S, Kim S, Bedewy M, Go J, Kim JK, Hart AJ, Wie JJ. High-Speed Production of Crystalline Semiconducting Polymer Line Arrays by Meniscus Oscillation Self-Assembly. ACS NANO 2020; 14:17254-17261. [PMID: 33232120 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evaporative self-assembly of semiconducting polymers is a low-cost route to fabricating micrometer and nanoscale features for use in organic and flexible electronic devices. However, in most cases, rate is limited by the kinetics of solvent evaporation, and it is challenging to achieve uniformity over length- and time-scales that are compelling for manufacturing scale-up. In this study, we report high-throughput, continuous printing of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) by a modified doctor blading technique with oscillatory meniscus motion-meniscus-oscillated self-assembly (MOSA), which forms P3HT features ∼100 times faster than previously reported techniques. The meniscus is pinned to a roller, and the oscillatory meniscus motion of the roller generates repetitive cycles of contact-line formation and subsequent slip. The printed P3HT lines demonstrate reproducible and tailorable structures: nanometer scale thickness, micrometer scale width, submillimeter pattern intervals, and millimeter-to-centimeter scale coverage with highly defined boundaries. The line width as well as interval of P3HT patterns can be independently controlled by varying the polymer concentration levels and the rotation rate of the roller. Furthermore, grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) reveals that this dynamic meniscus control technique dramatically enhances the crystallinity of P3HT. The MOSA process can potentially be applied to other geometries, and to a wide range of solution-based precursors, and therefore will develop for practical applications in printed electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Jeon
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Alvin T L Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Laboratory for Manufacturing and Productivity, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jaeyong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyoung Won
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanha Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Laboratory for Manufacturing and Productivity, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mostafa Bedewy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Jamison Go
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Laboratory for Manufacturing and Productivity, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - A John Hart
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Laboratory for Manufacturing and Productivity, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeong Jae Wie
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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Shin JI, Cho SJ, Jeon J, Lee KH, Wie JJ. Three-dimensional micropatterning of semiconducting polymers via capillary force-assisted evaporative self-assembly. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:3854-3863. [PMID: 31062802 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00478e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Controlled evaporative self-assembly of semiconducting polymers has mostly been studied on 2-dimensional flat substrates. In this study, we reported capillary-assisted evaporative self-assembly of poly(3-hexylthiophene 2,5-diyl) (P3HT) into 3-D micro-ring patterns through the stick-slip phenomenon within a 3-dimensional cylinder. We deconvoluted the well-known two-step stick-slip phenomenon into three regimes through in situ monitoring of the P3HT self-assembly process using a high-speed camera: pinning and deposition; depinning and slip; and retraction regimes. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of various parameters associated with the self-assembly, including polymer concentration, tilt angle, magnetic field, and evaporation temperature, thus achieving self-assembled microarchitectures with diverse dimensions ranging from dots to lines and networks. The self-assembled microstructures were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by evaluating the fast Fourier transform image, surface coverage, fractal dimension and lacunarity of the micropatterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae In Shin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
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Sun Y, Lin Y, Su Z, Wang Q. One-step assembly of multi-layered structures with orthogonally oriented stripe-like patterns on the surface of a capillary tube. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:23719-23722. [PMID: 28678262 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02583a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a robust method to construct large-scale multi-layered assemblies with orthogonally oriented stripes on a capillary tube using a confined evaporative self-assembly (CESA) method. A mixture of conductive polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and biocompatible polylactic acid (PLA) was chosen as the model polymer and the molecular chain orientation of P3HT in an individual stripe could be assessed by laser confocal polarization Raman spectroscopy. These structures could provide contact cues to guide the growth of smooth muscle cells for potential tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China.
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Khlaifia D, Ewels CP, Massuyeau F, Chemek M, Faulques E, Duvail JL, Alimi K. Unraveling the real structures of solution-based and surface-bound poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) oligomers: a combined theoretical and experimental study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03903k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While the crystalline structure for regio-regular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in thin films is well established, the conformation of P3HT chains in solution has received less attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Khlaifia
- Unité de Recherche
- Matériaux Nouveaux et Dispositifs Electroniques Organiques
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir
- University of Monastir
- 5000 Monastir
| | | | - Florian Massuyeau
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel
- UMR6502
- CNRS
- Université de Nantes
- F-44322 Nantes
| | - Mourad Chemek
- Unité de Recherche
- Matériaux Nouveaux et Dispositifs Electroniques Organiques
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir
- University of Monastir
- 5000 Monastir
| | - Eric Faulques
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel
- UMR6502
- CNRS
- Université de Nantes
- F-44322 Nantes
| | - Jean-Luc Duvail
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel
- UMR6502
- CNRS
- Université de Nantes
- F-44322 Nantes
| | - Kamel Alimi
- Unité de Recherche
- Matériaux Nouveaux et Dispositifs Electroniques Organiques
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir
- University of Monastir
- 5000 Monastir
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7
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Sun Y, Li H, Lin Y, Niu L, Wang Q. Integration of poly(3-hexylthiophene) conductive stripe patterns with 3D tubular structures for tissue engineering applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
P3HT was self-assembled into large-scale conductive stripe patterns based on confined evaporative self-assembly. These conductive stripe patterns could induce cell alignment and provide spatial electric signals to modulate cellular behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hongyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- c/o Engineering Laboratory of Modern Analytical Techniques
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Li Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- c/o Engineering Laboratory of Modern Analytical Techniques
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Kajiya D, Saitow KI. Si-nanocrystal/P3HT hybrid films with a 50- and 12-fold enhancement of hole mobility and density: films prepared by successive drop casting. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:15780-8. [PMID: 26355280 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02361k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid silicon nanocrystal (Si-NC)/poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films serve as the active layers of quantum dot/polymer hybrid photovoltaics. To achieve effective photovoltaic properties, it is necessary to enhance the charge carrier mobility and carrier density of the P3HT films. A 50- and 12-fold enhancement of the hole mobility and hole density, respectively, was achieved along the out-of-plane direction of a Si-NC/P3HT hybrid film, which corresponds to the carrier-migration direction between the photovoltaic electrodes. According to time-of-flight, electronic absorption, Raman, atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence lifetime, and X-ray diffraction measurements, the significant enhancement of the mobility and density was attributed to both an increase in the P3HT crystallinity and the dissociation efficiency of P3HT excitons on the addition of Si-NCs to the P3HT films. These enhancements were achieved using a film preparation method developed in the present study, which has been named successive drop casting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kajiya
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
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Sun Y, Xiao G, Lin Y, Su Z, Wang Q. Self-assembly of large-scale P3HT patterns by confined evaporation in the capillary tube. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13893g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale P3HT stripe patterns based on a controlled evaporation self-assembly method in a capillary tube have been fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- PR China
| | - Guihua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- PR China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- PR China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- PR China
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Xiao G, Sun Y, Xu W, Lin Y, Su Z, Wang Q. Large-scale highly ordered hierarchical structures of conjugated polymer via self-assembly from mixed solvents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10426b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly-ordered large scale patterns of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) can be produced via confined evaporative self-assembly (CESA) from mixed solvents in one-step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yingjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Wentao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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Weisman AL, DuBay KH, Willets KA, Friesner RA. A first-principles polarized Raman method for determining whether a uniform region of a sample is crystalline or isotropic. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:224702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4903308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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