1
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Briscoe AD. A genetic cause of male mate preference. Science 2024; 383:1290-1291. [PMID: 38513043 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado4079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A gene for mate preference has been shared between hybridizing butterfly species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana D Briscoe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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2
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Rossi M, Hausmann AE, Alcami P, Moest M, Roussou R, Van Belleghem SM, Wright DS, Kuo CY, Lozano-Urrego D, Maulana A, Melo-Flórez L, Rueda-Muñoz G, McMahon S, Linares M, Osman C, McMillan WO, Pardo-Diaz C, Salazar C, Merrill RM. Adaptive introgression of a visual preference gene. Science 2024; 383:1368-1373. [PMID: 38513020 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj9201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Visual preferences are important drivers of mate choice and sexual selection, but little is known of how they evolve at the genetic level. In this study, we took advantage of the diversity of bright warning patterns displayed by Heliconius butterflies, which are also used during mate choice. Combining behavioral, population genomic, and expression analyses, we show that two Heliconius species have evolved the same preferences for red patterns by exchanging genetic material through hybridization. Neural expression of regucalcin1 correlates with visual preference across populations, and disruption of regucalcin1 with CRISPR-Cas9 impairs courtship toward conspecific females, providing a direct link between gene and behavior. Our results support a role for hybridization during behavioral evolution and show how visually guided behaviors contributing to adaptation and speciation are encoded within the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Rossi
- Faculty of Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gamboa, Panama
| | | | | | - Markus Moest
- Department of Ecology and Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Chi-Yun Kuo
- Faculty of Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gamboa, Panama
| | - Daniela Lozano-Urrego
- Faculty of Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Lina Melo-Flórez
- Faculty of Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Rueda-Muñoz
- Faculty of Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Mauricio Linares
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Camilo Salazar
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Richard M Merrill
- Faculty of Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gamboa, Panama
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3
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Pérez-Gómez J, Redondo PC, Navarrete-Villanueva D, Lozano-Berges G, Ara I, González-Gross M, Casajus JA, Vicente-Rodríguez G. New Evidence on Regucalcin, Body Composition, and Walking Ability Adaptations to Multicomponent Exercise Training in Functionally Limited and Frail Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:363. [PMID: 35010623 PMCID: PMC8744755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regucalcin, or senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), is a Ca2+-binding protein with multiple functions reported in the literature. Physical exercise has been shown to improve aging markers; nevertheless, SMP30 in humans has not been extensively researched. Older adults experience a decline in functional capacity and body composition. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a multicomponent training (MCT) program on SMP30 and its regulation of walking ability and body composition in functionally limited, frail, and pre-frail older adults. METHODS A total of 34 older adults (aged 80.3 ± 6.1 years) were divided into an intervention group (IG = 20) and control group (CG = 14). The IG performed a supervised MCT (strength, endurance, balance, coordination, and flexibility) program for 6 months, 3 days per week, whereas the CG continued their normal lives without any specific physical training. SMP30 was analyzed in plasma after 3 and 6 months of MCT, while some physical fitness variables (Timed Up and Go (TUG) and 6-min walk test (6MWT)) and body composition (fat mass and lean mass) were measured at baseline, as well as after 3 months and 6 months of MCT. RESULTS No significant changes were observed in SPM30 between the IG (877.5 a.u. to 940.5 a.u., respectively) and CG (790.4 a.u. to 763.8 a.u., respectively). Moreover, no SMP30 differences were found between groups after 3 and 6 months of MCT. The IG improved significantly in the 6MWT after 3 months (472.2 ± 84.2 m) compared to baseline (411.2 ± 75.2 m). The IG also significantly enhanced their TUG performance after 3 months (7.6 ± 1.6 s) and 6 months (7.3 ± 1.8 s) of training compared to baseline (9.3 ± 3.2 s) (all, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in body composition between the IG and CG through the 6 months of MCT. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that MCT did not change SMP30 levels from 3 to 6 months, where there were changes in neither walking ability nor body composition; however, MCT was effective in improving 6MWT and TUG performance from baseline to 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro C. Redondo
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - David Navarrete-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gabriel Lozano-Berges
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Casajus
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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4
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Yegla B, Foster TC. Operationally defining cognitive reserve genes. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 110:96-105. [PMID: 34565615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Variability in cognitive decline is related to the environment, lifestyle factors, and individual differences in biological aging, including cognitive reserve, plastic properties of the brain, which account for better-than-expected cognition for a given level of brain aging or pathology. Cognitive reserve has not been thoroughly investigated in aged rodents. To address this gap, cognitive reserve was examined using Gene Expression Omnibus data for the CA1 region of the hippocampus of young and aged behaviorally characterized male rats. Statistical filtering identified brain aging and potential cognitive reserve genes, and multiple regression was employed to confirm cognitive reserve genes as genes that predicted better-than-expected cognition for a given level of brain aging. In general, cognitive reserve genes, in which increased expression was associated with better cognition, were not different with age or directly correlated with measures of cognition and appear to act as negative regulators of aging processes, including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The results suggest that, for some animals, resilience mechanisms are activated to counteract aging stressors that impair cognition. In contrast, cognitive reserve genes, in which decreased expression was associated with better cognition, were linked to nervous system development and cation transport, suggesting adaptive changes in the circuit to preserve cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Yegla
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Genetics and Genomics Program University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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5
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Doğan C, Hänniger S, Heckel DG, Coutu C, Hegedus DD, Crubaugh L, Groves RL, Mutlu DA, Suludere Z, Bayram Ş, Toprak U. Characterization of calcium signaling proteins from the fat body of the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Implications for diapause and lipid metabolism. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103549. [PMID: 33610660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) regulates many cellular and physiological processes from development to reproduction. Ca2+ is also an important factor in the metabolism of lipids, the primary energy source used during insect starvation and diapause. Ca2+ signaling proteins bind to Ca2+ and maintain intracellular Ca2+ levels. However, knowledge about Ca2+ signaling proteins is mostly restricted to the model Drosophila melanogaster and the response of Ca2+ signaling genes to starvation or diapause is not known. In this study, we identified three Ca2+ signaling proteins; the primary Ca2+ binding protein Calmodulin (LdCaM), phosphatase Calcineurin B (LdCaNB), and the senescence marker protein Regucalcin (LdRgN), from the fat body of the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). This insect is a major pest of potato worldwide and overwinters under hibernation diapause as adults while utilizing lipids as the primary energy source. Putative EF-hand domains involved in Ca2+ binding were present in LdCaM, LdCaNB, but absent in LdRgN. LdCaM and LdCaNB were expressed in multiple tissues, while LdRgN was primarily expressed in the fat body. LdCaM was constitutively-expressed throughout larval development and at the adult stage. LdCaNB was primarily expressed in feeding larvae, and LdRgN in both feeding larvae and adults at comparable levels; however, both genes were down-regulated by molting. A response to starvation was observed only for LdRgN. Transcript abundance analysis in the entire body in relation to diapause revealed differential regulation with a general suppression during diapause, and higher mRNA levels in favor of females at post-diapause for LdCaM, and in favor of males at non-diapause for LdCaNB. Fat body-specific transcript abundance was not different between non-diapause and post-diapause for LdCaNB, but both LdCaM and LdRgN were down-regulated in males and both sexes, respectively by post-diapause. Silencing LdCaNB or LdRgN in larvae led to decreased fat content, indicating their involvement in lipid accumulation, while RNAi of LdCaM led to lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Doğan
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Lab., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Dept. of Entomology, Jena, Germany; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Dept. of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sabine Hänniger
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Dept. of Entomology, Jena, Germany
| | - David G Heckel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Dept. of Entomology, Jena, Germany
| | - Cathy Coutu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Dwayne D Hegedus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Linda Crubaugh
- Dept. of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Russell L Groves
- Dept. of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Zekiye Suludere
- Gazi University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şerife Bayram
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Lab., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Toprak
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Lab., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey.
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6
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Rossi M, Hausmann AE, Thurman TJ, Montgomery SH, Papa R, Jiggins CD, McMillan WO, Merrill RM. Visual mate preference evolution during butterfly speciation is linked to neural processing genes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4763. [PMID: 32958765 PMCID: PMC7506007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many animal species remain separate not because their individuals fail to produce viable hybrids but because they "choose" not to mate. However, we still know very little of the genetic mechanisms underlying changes in these mate preference behaviours. Heliconius butterflies display bright warning patterns, which they also use to recognize conspecifics. Here, we couple QTL for divergence in visual preference behaviours with population genomic and gene expression analyses of neural tissue (central brain, optic lobes and ommatidia) across development in two sympatric Heliconius species. Within a region containing 200 genes, we identify five genes that are strongly associated with divergent visual preferences. Three of these have previously been implicated in key components of neural signalling (specifically an ionotropic glutamate receptor and two regucalcins), and overall our candidates suggest shifts in behaviour involve changes in visual integration or processing. This would allow preference evolution without altering perception of the wider environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Rossi
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany.
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama.
| | | | - Timothy J Thurman
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Montana, USA
| | | | - Riccardo Papa
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Molecular Sciences and Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Chris D Jiggins
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W Owen McMillan
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - Richard M Merrill
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, LMU, Munich, Germany.
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama.
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7
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Abstract
Ca2+ binding proteins (CBP) are of key importance for calcium to play its role as a pivotal second messenger. CBP bind Ca2+ in specific domains, contributing to the regulation of its concentration at the cytosol and intracellular stores. They also participate in numerous cellular functions by acting as Ca2+ transporters across cell membranes or as Ca2+-modulated sensors, i.e. decoding Ca2+ signals. Since CBP are integral to normal physiological processes, possible roles for them in a variety of diseases has attracted growing interest in recent years. In addition, research on CBP has been reinforced with advances in the structural characterization of new CBP family members. In this chapter we have updated a previous review on CBP, covering in more depth potential participation in physiopathological processes and candidacy for pharmacological targets in many diseases. We review intracellular CBP that contain the structural EF-hand domain: parvalbumin, calmodulin, S100 proteins, calcineurin and neuronal Ca2+ sensor proteins (NCS). We also address intracellular CBP lacking the EF-hand domain: annexins, CBP within intracellular Ca2+ stores (paying special attention to calreticulin and calsequestrin), proteins that contain a C2 domain (such as protein kinase C (PKC) or synaptotagmin) and other proteins of interest, such as regucalcin or proprotein convertase subtisilin kexins (PCSK). Finally, we summarise the latest findings on extracellular CBP, classified according to their Ca2+ binding structures: (i) EF-hand domains; (ii) EGF-like domains; (iii) ɣ-carboxyl glutamic acid (GLA)-rich domains; (iv) cadherin domains; (v) Ca2+-dependent (C)-type lectin-like domains; (vi) Ca2+-binding pockets of family C G-protein-coupled receptors.
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8
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Wei X, Yu H, Zhao P, Xie L, Li L, Zhang J. Serum regucalcin is a useful indicator of liver injury severity in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e8845. [PMID: 31576907 PMCID: PMC6774222 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Regucalcin is a soluble protein that is principally expressed in hepatocytes. Studies of regucalcin have mainly been conducted in animals due to a lack of commercially available kits. We aimed to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify serum regucalcin in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related disease. High-titer monoclonal antibodies and a polyclonal antibody to regucalcin were produced, a double-antibody sandwich ELISA method was established, and serum regucalcin was determined in 47 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 91 HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) patients, and 33 healthy controls. The ELISA demonstrated an appropriate linear range, and high levels of reproducibility, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and stability. The median serum regucalcin concentrations in HBV-ACLF and CHB patients were 5.46 and 3.76 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.01), which were much higher than in healthy controls (1.72 ng/mL, both P<0.01). For the differentiation of CHB patients and healthy controls, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.86 with a cut-off of 2.42 ng/mL, 85.7% sensitivity, and 78.8% specificity. In contrast, the AUC of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was lower (AUC=0.80, P=0.01). To differentiate ACLF from CHB, the AUC was 0.72 with a cut-off of 4.26 ng/mL, 77.0% sensitivity, and 61.2% specificity while the AUC of ALT was 0.41 (P=0.07). Thus, we have developed an ELISA that is suitable for measuring serum regucalcin and have shown that serum regucalcin increased with the severity of liver injury due to HBV-related diseases, such that it appears to be more useful than ALT as a marker of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhuan Wei
- Department of Hepatitis C and Drug-Induced Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Yu
- Department of Hepatitis C and Drug-Induced Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Center of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xie
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Hepatitis C and Drug-Induced Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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9
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Dutta RK, Parween F, Hossain MS, Dhama N, Pandey P, Gupta RD. Comparative analysis of the metal-dependent structural and functional properties of mouse and human SMP30. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218629. [PMID: 31220150 PMCID: PMC6586323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence Marker Protein (SMP30) is a metalloenzyme that shows lactonase activity in the ascorbic acid (AA) biosynthesis pathway in non-primate mammals such as a mouse. However, AA biosynthesis does not occur in the primates including humans. Several studies have shown the role of SMP30 in maintaining calcium homeostasis in mammals. In addition, it is also reported to have promiscuous enzyme activity with an organophosphate (OP) substrate. Hence, this study aims to recombinantly express and purify the SMP30 proteins from both mouse and human, and to study their structural alterations and functional deviations in the presence of different divalent metals. For this, mouse SMP30 (MoSMP30) as well as human SMP30 (HuSMP30) were cloned in the bacterial expression vector. Proteins were overexpressed and purified from soluble fractions as well as from inclusion bodies as these proteins were expressed largely in insoluble fractions. The purified proteins were used to study the folding conformations in the presence of different divalent cations (Ca2+, Co2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+) with the help of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. It was observed that both MoSMP30 and HuSMP30 acquired native folding conformations. To study the metal-binding affinity, dissociation constant (Kd values) were calculated from UV-VIS titration curve, which showed the highest affinity of MoSMP30 with Zn2+. However, HuSMP30 showed the highest affinity with Ca2+, suggesting the importance of HuSMP30 in maintaining calcium homeostasis. Enzyme kinetics were performed with γ-Thiobutyrolactone and Demeton-S in the presence of different divalent cations. Interestingly, both the proteins showed lactonase activity in the presence of Ca2+. In addition, MoSMP30 and HuSMP30 also showed lactonase activity in the presence of Co2+ and Zn2+ respectively. Moreover, both the proteins showed OP hydrolase activities in the presence of Ca2+ as well as Zn2+, suggesting the metal-dependent promiscuous nature of SMP30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar Dutta
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Fauzia Parween
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Md. Summon Hossain
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi Dhama
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Parmanand Pandey
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rinkoo Devi Gupta
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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10
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Mateus I, Feijó M, Espínola LM, Vaz CV, Correia S, Socorro S. Glucose and glutamine handling in the Sertoli cells of transgenic rats overexpressing regucalcin: plasticity towards lactate production. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10321. [PMID: 29985416 PMCID: PMC6037673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells (SCs) possess the unparalleled ability to provide the germ line with growth factors and nutrients. Although SCs can oxidize amino acids, e.g., glutamine, they mostly metabolize glucose, producing high amounts of lactate, the germ cells preferential substrate. Regucalcin (RGN) is a calcium-binding protein that has been indicated as a regulator of cell metabolism. In this study, we investigated glucose and glutamine handling in the SCs of transgenic rats overexpressing RGN (Tg-RGN) comparatively with wild-type (Wt) littermates. Primary SCs isolated from adult Tg-RGN animals and maintained in culture for 24 hours, produced and exported more lactate, despite consuming less glucose. These observations were underpinned by increased expression of alanine transaminase, and augmented glutamine consumption, suggesting that alternative routes are contributing to the enhanced lactate production in the SCs of Tg-RGN rats. Moreover, lactate seems to be used by germ cells, with diminished apoptosis being detected in the seminiferous tubules of Tg-RGN animals cultured ex vivo. The obtained results showed a distinct metabolism in the SCs of Wt and Tg-RGN rats widening the roles assigned to RGN in spermatogenesis. These findings also highlighted the plasticity of SCs metabolism, a feature that would be exploited in the context of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Mateus
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mariana Feijó
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís M Espínola
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cátia V Vaz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sara Correia
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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11
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Murata T, Yamaguchi M, Kohno S, Takahashi C, Kakimoto M, Sugimura Y, Kamihara M, Hikita K, Kaneda N. Regucalcin confers resistance to amyloid-β toxicity in neuronally differentiated PC12 cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:349-360. [PMID: 29511612 PMCID: PMC5832982 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid‐β (Aβ), a primary component of amyloid plaques, has been widely associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The Ca2+‐binding protein regucalcin (RGN) plays multiple roles in maintaining cell functions by regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis, various signaling pathways, and gene expression systems. Here, we investigated the functional role of RGN against Aβ‐induced cytotoxicity in neuronally differentiated PC12 cells. Overexpression of RGN reduced Aβ‐induced apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation. It also attenuated Aβ‐induced reactive oxygen species production and oxidative damage and decreased Aβ‐induced nitric oxide (NO) overproduction, upregulation of inducible NO synthase by nuclear factor‐κB, and nitrosative damage. Interestingly, the genetic disruption of RGN increased the susceptibility of neuronally differentiated PC12 cells to Aβ toxicity. Thus, RGN possesses antioxidant activity against Aβ‐induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and may play protective roles against Aβ‐induced neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiyasu Murata
- Laboratory of Analytical Neurobiology Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Nagoya Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) CA USA
| | - Susumu Kohno
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology Cancer Research Institute Kanazawa University Ishikawa Japan
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology Cancer Research Institute Kanazawa University Ishikawa Japan
| | - Mitsumi Kakimoto
- Laboratory of Analytical Neurobiology Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Nagoya Japan
| | - Yukiko Sugimura
- Laboratory of Analytical Neurobiology Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Nagoya Japan
| | - Mako Kamihara
- Laboratory of Analytical Neurobiology Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Nagoya Japan
| | - Kiyomi Hikita
- Laboratory of Analytical Neurobiology Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Nagoya Japan
| | - Norio Kaneda
- Laboratory of Analytical Neurobiology Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Nagoya Japan
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Pillai H, Parmar MS, Shende AM, Thomas J, Sharma HS, Sharma G T, Ghosh SK, Kumaresan A, Bhure SK. Effect of supplementation of recombinant Regucalcin in extender on cryopreservation of spermatozoa of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis
). Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:1133-1139. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Pillai
- Division of Biochemistry; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Mehtab S. Parmar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashish M. Shende
- Division of Biochemistry; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Jobin Thomas
- Immunology Section; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Harikumar S. Sharma
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Taru Sharma G
- Division of Physiology and Climatology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Subrata K. Ghosh
- Germ Plasm Center, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Animal Reproduction; Gynaecology and Obstetrics; ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal Haryana
| | - Sanjeev K. Bhure
- Division of Biochemistry; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
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13
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Oberheim Bush NA, Nedergaard M. Do Evolutionary Changes in Astrocytes Contribute to the Computational Power of the Hominid Brain? Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2577-2587. [PMID: 28822066 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It is now well accepted that astrocytes are essential in all major nervous system functions of the rodent brain, including neurotransmission, energy metabolism, modulation of blood flow, ion and water homeostasis, and, indeed, higher cognitive functions, although the contribution of astrocytes in cognition is still in early stages of study. Here we review the most current research findings on human astrocytes, including their structure, molecular characterization, and functional properties. We also highlight novel tools that have been established for translational approaches to the comparative study of astrocytes from humans and experimental animals. Understanding the differences in astrocytes is essential to elucidate the contribution of astrocytes to normal physiology, cognitive processing and diverse pathologies of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Pillai H, Shende AM, Parmar MS, A A, L S, Kumaresan A, G TS, Bhure SK. Regucalcin is widely distributed in the male reproductive tract and exerts a suppressive effect on in vitro sperm capacitation in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis
). Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:212-221. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Pillai
- Division of Animal Biochemistry; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashish Mukunda Shende
- Division of Animal Biochemistry; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Mehtab Sing Parmar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Anjaneya A
- Division of Pathology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sreela L
- Theriogenology Laboratory; Animal Reproduction; Gynaecology and Obstetrics; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal Haryana India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory; Animal Reproduction; Gynaecology and Obstetrics; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal Haryana India
| | - Taru Sharma G
- Division of Physiology and Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Bhure
- Division of Animal Biochemistry; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
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15
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Vasile F, Dossi E, Rouach N. Human astrocytes: structure and functions in the healthy brain. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 222:2017-2029. [PMID: 28280934 PMCID: PMC5504258 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Data collected on astrocytes’ physiology in the rodent have placed them as key regulators of synaptic, neuronal, network, and cognitive functions. While these findings proved highly valuable for our awareness and appreciation of non-neuronal cell significance in brain physiology, early structural and phylogenic investigations of human astrocytes hinted at potentially different astrocytic properties. This idea sparked interest to replicate rodent-based studies on human samples, which have revealed an analogous but enhanced involvement of astrocytes in neuronal function of the human brain. Such evidence pointed to a central role of human astrocytes in sustaining more complex information processing. Here, we review the current state of our knowledge of human astrocytes regarding their structure, gene profile, and functions, highlighting the differences with rodent astrocytes. This recent insight is essential for assessment of the relevance of findings using animal models and for comprehending the functional significance of species-specific properties of astrocytes. Moreover, since dysfunctional astrocytes have been described in many brain disorders, a more thorough understanding of human-specific astrocytic properties is crucial for better-adapted translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Vasile
- Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Elena Dossi
- Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rouach
- Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
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16
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Harikrishna P, Shende AM, Reena KK, Thomas J, Bhure SK. Purification of Regucalcin from the Seminal Vesicular Fluid: A Calcium Binding Multi-Functional Protein. Protein J 2016; 35:310-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-016-9674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Zaichick V, Zaichick S, Rossmann M. Intracellular calcium excess as one of the main factors in the etiology of prostate cancer. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2016.4.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a fatal progressive disease and the most common form of dementia without effective treatments. Previous studies support that the disruption of endoplasmic reticulum Ca through overactivation of ryanodine receptors plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Normalization of intracellular Ca homeostasis could be an effective strategy for AD therapies. Dantrolene, an antagonist of ryanodine receptors and an FDA-approved drug for clinical treatment of malignant hyperthermia and muscle spasms, exhibits neuroprotective effects in multiple models of neurodegenerative disorders. Recent preclinical studies consistently support the therapeutic effects of dantrolene in various types of AD animal models and were summarized in the current review.
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19
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Starvaggi Cucuzza L, Biolatti B, Sereno A, Cannizzo FT. Regucalcin Expression as a Diagnostic Tool for the Illicit Use of Steroids in Veal Calves. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5702-5706. [PMID: 26016660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that sex steroid hormone treatment down-regulates regucalcin gene expression in the accessory sex glands and testis of prepubertal and adult male bovines. The aim of this study was to investigate whether low doses of sex steroid hormones combined with other drugs significantly affect regucalcin gene expression in the accessory sex glands and testis of veal calves. The regucalcin expression was down-regulated in the bulbo-urethral glands of estrogen-treated calves, whereas it was up-regulated in the prostate of estrogen-treated calves. Only the testis of androgen-treated calves showed a down-regulation of the regucalcin expression. Thus, the administration of sex steroid hormones, even in low doses and combined with other molecules, could affect regucalcin expression in target organs. Particularly, the specific response in the testis suggests regucalcin expression in this organ as a first molecular biomarker of illicit androgen administration in bovine husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Starvaggi Cucuzza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Biolatti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - Alessandra Sereno
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - Francesca T Cannizzo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
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20
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Regucalcin expression in bovine tissues and its regulation by sex steroid hormones in accessory sex glands. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113950. [PMID: 25415588 PMCID: PMC4240664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regucalcin (RGN) is a mammalian Ca2+-binding protein that plays an important role in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Recently, RGN has been identified as a target gene for sex steroid hormones in the prostate glands and testis of rats and humans, but no studies have focused on RGN expression in bovine tissues. Thus, in the present study, we examined RGN mRNA and protein expression in the different tissues and organs of veal calves and beef cattle. Moreover, we investigated whether RGN expression is controlled through sex steroid hormones in bovine target tissues, namely the bulbo-urethral and prostate glands and the testis. Sex steroid hormones are still illegally used in bovine husbandry to increase muscle mass. The screening of the regulation and function of anabolic sex steroids via modified gene expression levels in various tissues represents a new approach for the detection of illicit drug treatments. Herein, we used quantitative PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses to demonstrate RGN mRNA and protein expression in bovine tissues. In addition, estrogen administration down-regulated RGN gene expression in the accessory sex glands of veal calves and beef cattle, while androgen treatment reduced RGN gene expression only in the testis. The confirmation of the regulation of RGN gene expression through sex steroid hormones might facilitate the potential detection of hormone abuse in bovine husbandry. Particularly, the specific response in the testis suggests that this tissue is ideal for the detection of illicit androgen administration in veal calves and beef cattle.
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21
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Kishore A, Popa T, James P, Yahia-Cherif L, Backer F, Varughese Chacko L, Govind P, Pradeep S, Meunier S. Age-related decline in the responsiveness of motor cortex to plastic forces reverses with levodopa or cerebellar stimulation. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2541-2551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Marques R, Maia CJ, Vaz C, Correia S, Socorro S. The diverse roles of calcium-binding protein regucalcin in cell biology: from tissue expression and signalling to disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:93-111. [PMID: 23519827 PMCID: PMC11113322 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regucalcin (RGN) is a calcium (Ca(2+))-binding protein widely expressed in vertebrate and invertebrate species, which is also known as senescence marker protein 30, due to its molecular weight (33 kDa) and a characteristically diminished expression with the aging process. RGN regulates intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and the activity of several proteins involved in intracellular signalling pathways, namely, kinases, phosphatases, phosphodiesterase, nitric oxide synthase and proteases, which highlights its importance in cell biology. In addition, RGN has cytoprotective effects reducing intracellular levels of oxidative stress, also playing a role in the control of cell survival and apoptosis. Multiple factors have been identified regulating the cell levels of RGN transcripts and protein, and an altered expression pattern of this interesting protein has been found in cases of reproductive disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Moreover, RGN is a serum-secreted protein, and its levels have been correlated with the stage of disease, which strongly suggests the usefulness of this protein as a potential biomarker for monitoring disease onset and progression. The present review aims to discuss the available information concerning RGN expression and function in distinct cell types and tissues, integrating cellular and molecular mechanisms in the context of normal and pathological conditions. Insight into the cellular actions of RGN will be a key step towards deepening the knowledge of the biology of several human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Marques
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cláudio J. Maia
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cátia Vaz
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sara Correia
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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23
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Gutierres JM, Carvalho FB, Schetinger MRC, Agostinho P, Marisco PC, Vieira JM, Rosa MM, Bohnert C, Rubin MA, Morsch VM, Spanevello R, Mazzanti CM. Neuroprotective effect of anthocyanins on acetylcholinesterase activity and attenuation of scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2013; 33:88-97. [PMID: 24374256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a group of natural phenolic compounds responsible for the color to plants and fruits. These compounds might have beneficial effects on memory and have antioxidant properties. In the present study we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of anthocyanins in an animal model of cognitive deficits, associated to Alzheimer's disease, induced by scopolamine. We evaluated whether anthocyanins protect the effects caused by SCO on nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (of rats. We used 4 different groups of animals: control (CTRL), anthocyanins treated (ANT), scopolamine-challenged (SCO), and scopolamine+anthocyanins (SCO+ANT). After seven days of treatment with ANT (200mgkg(-1); oral), the animals were SCO injected (1mgkg(-1); IP) and were performed the behavior tests, and submitted to euthanasia. A memory deficit was found in SCO group, but ANT treatment prevented this impairment of memory (P<0.05). The ANT treatment per se had an anxiolytic effect. AChE activity was increased in both in cortex and hippocampus of SCO group, this effect was significantly attenuated by ANT (P<0.05). SCO decreased Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase activities in hippocampus, and ANT was able to significantly (P<0.05) prevent these effects. No significant alteration was found on NOx levels among the groups. In conclusion, the ANT is able to regulate cholinergic neurotransmission and restore the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase activities, and also prevented memory deficits caused by scopolamine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessié M Gutierres
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano B Carvalho
- Setor de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular do Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Institute, University of Coimbra, 3004 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patricia C Marisco
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano M Vieira
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michele M Rosa
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Crystiani Bohnert
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maribel A Rubin
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roselia Spanevello
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Capão do Leão, Pelotas RS 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Cinthia M Mazzanti
- Setor de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular do Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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24
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Sama DM, Norris CM. Calcium dysregulation and neuroinflammation: discrete and integrated mechanisms for age-related synaptic dysfunction. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12:982-95. [PMID: 23751484 PMCID: PMC3834216 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Some of the best biomarkers of age-related cognitive decline are closely linked to synaptic function and plasticity. This review highlights several age-related synaptic alterations as they relate to Ca(2+) dyshomeostasis, through elevation of intracellular Ca(2+), and neuroinflammation, through production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Though distinct in many ways, Ca(2+) and neuroinflammatory signaling mechanisms exhibit extensive cross-talk and bidirectional interactions. For instance, cytokine production in glial cells is strongly dependent on the Ca(2+) dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin, which shows elevated activity in animal models of aging and disease. In turn, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF, can augment the expression/activity of L-type voltage sensitive Ca(2+) channels in neurons, leading to Ca(2+) dysregulation, hyperactive calcineurin activity, and synaptic depression. Thus, in addition to discussing unique contributions of Ca(2+) dyshomeostasis and neuroinflammation, this review emphasizes how these processes interact to hasten age-related synaptic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Sama
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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