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Park SJ, Jung TH, Kim JH, Lee KY, Kim J, Ju J, Moon SH. In silico design and fabrication of an SFI chip-based microspheroid culture system. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:2991-3005. [PMID: 35521942 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00250g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of microfluidic devices and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has propelled the need for next-generation biomimetic cell culture platforms that are flexible for monitoring and regulation. Therefore, this study evaluated a CFD application in an in silico-designed and spheroid-based flow integration 3D cell culture chip (SFI chip) to illustrate cell culture, drug screening, cytokine delivery, and differentiation of cells in a platform that partially recapitulates the natural environment. Our results show that a flow rate of 0.05 mL h-1 or less induced no physical stress in the SFI chip (15 mm), and uniform cell spheroids (approximately 200 μm) were formed across the platform. The cultured cells were tested in several experimental contexts (co-culture, drug screening, cytokine delivery, and differentiation), demonstrating the usefulness of computational simulation in expediting discovery and simple and effective means to scale the production of standardized cell spheroids cultured under dynamic and natural conditions. Advanced cell culture technologies can be used to accelerate research and discovery and the preclinical and clinical development of cell and cell-free therapies for urgent medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Jung Park
- Department of Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd, Siheung, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taek-Hee Jung
- Department of Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd, Siheung, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Hyupsung University, Hwasung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Yong Lee
- Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyun Kim
- Department of Physics, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongil Ju
- Department of Physics, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea. .,Department of R&D, ABM Scientific Co., Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd, Siheung, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Animal Biotechnology, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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2
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Shakeri A, Khan S, Didar TF. Conventional and emerging strategies for the fabrication and functionalization of PDMS-based microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3053-3075. [PMID: 34286800 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00288k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics is an emerging and multidisciplinary field that is of great interest to manufacturers in medicine, biotechnology, and chemistry, as it provides unique tools for the development of point-of-care diagnostics, organs-on-chip systems, and biosensors. Polymeric microfluidics, unlike glass and silicon, offer several advantages such as low-cost mass manufacturing and a wide range of beneficial material properties, which make them the material of choice for commercial applications and high-throughput systems. Among polymers used for the fabrication of microfluidic devices, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) still remains the most widely used material in academia due to its advantageous properties, such as excellent transparency and biocompatibility. However, commercialization of PDMS has been a challenge mostly due to the high cost of the current fabrication strategies. Moreover, specific surface modification and functionalization steps are required to tailor the surface chemistry of PDMS channels (e.g. biomolecule immobilization, surface hydrophobicity and antifouling properties) with respect to the desired application. While significant research has been reported in the field of PDMS microfluidics, functionalization of PDMS surfaces remains a critical step in the fabrication process that is difficult to navigate. This review first offers a thorough illustration of existing fabrication methods for PDMS-based microfluidic devices, providing several recent advancements in this field with the aim of reducing the cost and time for mass production of these devices. Next, various conventional and emerging approaches for engineering the surface chemistry of PDMS are discussed in detail. We provide a wide range of functionalization techniques rendering PDMS microchannels highly biocompatible for physical or covalent immobilization of various biological entities while preventing non-specific interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amid Shakeri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
| | - Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Tohid F Didar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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3
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Simone G. Surface plasmon resonance study for a reliable determination of the affinity constant of multivalent grafted beads. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7047-7057. [PMID: 34251388 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00591j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, galactose-grafted beads were prepared using the main design principle of the cluster effect. Galactose was chosen as the sugar for investigation because it acts as the main building block of long glycan chains and because a simple and fast protocol is still required for its immobilization. For the analysis, the lectin, ligand of the galactose, was immobilized on a gold plasmonic substrate. After preliminary characterization of the galactose-grafted beads, the investigation of the surface plasmon surface behavior of the system was carried out, for studying the affinity constant of the multivalent beads. The results of steady-state and of the kinetics analysis evidenced a higher affinity of the galactose-grafted beads over the beadless galactose solution. For the association kinetics analysis, a Langmuir isotherm was applied to the data. The analysis of the rate of dissociation evidenced the most important differences between the two samples, based on the more difficult release of the galactose-grafted beads during washing. To confirm the influence of the glycoside cluster effect, a low-density lectin substrate was tested, and the results evidenced that the characteristic size of the molecules determines a threshold for the cluster density. The calculated detection limit and dissociation constants were 3.5 μM and 40.2 μM, respectively. Considering those results, the evaluation of the affinities toward the receptors depends on the cluster density and then, it should be designed for mimicking the biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Simone
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China.
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Guzzi F, Candeloro P, Coluccio ML, Cristiani CM, Parrotta EI, Scaramuzzino L, Scalise S, Dattola E, D’Attimo MA, Cuda G, Lamanna E, Passacatini LC, Carbone E, Krühne U, Di Fabrizio E, Perozziello G. A Disposable Passive Microfluidic Device for Cell Culturing. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10030018. [PMID: 32121446 PMCID: PMC7146476 DOI: 10.3390/bios10030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a disposable passive microfluidic device for cell culturing that does not require any additional/external pressure sources is introduced. By regulating the height of fluidic columns and the aperture and closure of the source wells, the device can provide different media and/or drug flows, thereby allowing different flow patterns with respect to time. The device is made of two Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) layers fabricated by micro-milling and solvent assisted bonding and allows us to ensure a flow rate of 18.6 μl/ℎ - 7%/day, due to a decrease of the fluid height while the liquid is driven from the reservoirs into the channels. Simulations and experiments were conducted to characterize flows and diffusion in the culture chamber. Melanoma tumor cells were used to test the device and carry out cell culturing experiments for 48 hours. Moreover, HeLa, Jurkat, A549 and HEK293T cell lines were cultivated successfully inside the microfluidic device for 72 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Maria Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Costanza Maria Cristiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Elvira Immacolata Parrotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Luana Scaramuzzino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Stefania Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Dattola
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Maria Antonia D’Attimo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Ernesto Lamanna
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Lucia Carmela Passacatini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Ennio Carbone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Ulrich Krühne
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technology University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Sun M, Xu J, Shamul JG, Lu X, Husain S, He X. Creating a capture zone in microfluidic flow greatly enhances the throughput and efficiency of cancer detection. Biomaterials 2019; 197:161-170. [PMID: 30660052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Efficient capture of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples is valuable for early cancer detection to improve the management of cancer. In this work, we developed a highly efficient microfluidics-based method for detecting CTCs in human blood. This is achieved by creating separate capture and flow zones in the microfluidic device (ZonesChip) and using patterned dielectrophoretic force to direct cells from the flow zone into the capture zone. This separation of the capture and flow zones minimizes the negative impact of high flow speed (and thus high throughput) and force in the flow zone on the capture efficiency, overcoming a major bottleneck of contemporary microfluidic approaches using overlapping flow and capture zones for CTC detection. When the flow speed is high (≥0.58 mm/s) in the flow zone, the separation of capture and flow zones in our ZonesChip could improve the capture efficiency from ∼0% (for conventional device without separating the two zones) to ∼100%. Our ZonesChip shows great promise as an effective platform for the detection of CTCs in blood from patients with early/localized-stage colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiangsheng Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James G Shamul
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Syed Husain
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaoming He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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6
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Pastorino F, Ponzoni M, Simone G. Molecular galactose-galectin association in neuroblastoma cells: An unconventional tool for qualitative/quantitative screening. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 11. [PMID: 28066995 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Galectin decorates the cell membrane and forms an extracellular molecular association with galactoside units. Here, galactoside probes have been used to study galectin expression in neuroblastoma cells. The hypothesis behind this investigation has been that the molecular mechanisms by which glycans modulate neural metastatic cells involve a protein-carbohydrate association, galectin-galactose. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Preliminary screening to validate the hypothesis has been performed with galactose moieties anchored to beads. The molecular association has been studied by FACS. In vitro experiments reveal the molecular binding preferences of the metastatic neuroblastoma cells. Ex vivo, the galactose probes discriminate healthy tissues. The unconventional assay in microfluidics used in this study displayed results analogous to the above (GI-LI-N cell capture efficiency overcomes IMR-32). RESULTS At the point of equilibrium of shear and binding forces, the capture yield inside the chamber was measured to 60 ± 4.4% in GI-LI-N versus 40 ± 2.1% in IMR-32. Staining of the fished cells and subsequent conjugation with red beads bearing the galactose also have evidenced that microfluidics can be used to study and quantify the molecular association of galectin-galactose. Most importantly, a crucial insight for obtaining single-cell qualitative/quantitative glycome analysis has been achieved. Finally, the specificity of the assay performed in microfluidics is demonstrated by comparing GI-LI-N fishing efficiency in galactose and fucose environments. The residual adhesion to fucose confirmed the existence of receptors for this glycan and that its eventual unspecific binding (i.e. due to electrostatic interactions) is insignificant compared with the molecular binding. CONCLUSION Identification and understanding of this mechanism of discrimination can be relevant for diagnostic monitoring and for producing probes tailored to interfere with galectin activities associated with the malignant phenotype. Besides, the given strategy has implications for the rational design of galectin-specific ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pastorino
- Laboratorio di Oncologia, Unità di Terapie Sperimentali, Istituto G Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratorio di Oncologia, Unità di Terapie Sperimentali, Istituto G Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Simone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P.R. China.,University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
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8
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Simone G. Stochastic phenotypic interconversion in tumors can generate heterogeneity. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 46:189-194. [PMID: 27942765 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phenotype variations define heterogeneity in biological and molecular systems, and play a crucial mechanistic role, and heterogeneity has been demonstrated in tumor cells. In this work, cells from blood of patients affected by colon cancer were analyzed and sorted using a microfluidic assay based on galactose-active moieties and incubated for culturing in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Based on the results of these experiments, a model based on Markov theory is implemented and discussed to explain the equilibrium existing between phenotypes of cell subpopulations sorted using the microfluidic assay. In combination with the experimental results, the model has many implications for tumor heterogeneity; For example, it displays interconversion of phenotypes, confirming the experiments. Such interconversion generates metastatic cells and implies that targeting circulating tumor cells (CTC) will not be an efficient method for prevention of tumor recurrence. Most importantly, understanding the transitions between cell phenotypes in the cell population can improve understanding of tumor generation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Simone
- Mechanical Engineering, Microsystem, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China. .,University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
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9
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Simone G. An alternative approach to the phase change of proteins in an aqueous mixture with ethanol. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Defaus S, Gupta P, Andreu D, Gutiérrez-Gallego R. Mammalian protein glycosylation--structure versus function. Analyst 2015; 139:2944-67. [PMID: 24779027 DOI: 10.1039/c3an02245e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates fulfil many common as well as extremely important functions in nature. They show a variety of molecular displays--e.g., free mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, glycolipids, proteoglycans, glycoproteins, etc.--with particular roles and localizations in living organisms. Structure-specific peculiarities are so many and diverse that it becomes virtually impossible to cover them all from an analytical perspective. Hence this manuscript, focused on mammalian glycosylation, rather than a complete list of analytical descriptors or recognized functions for carbohydrate structures, comprehensively reviews three central issues in current glycoscience, namely (i) structural analysis of glycoprotein glycans, covering both classical and novel approaches for teasing out the structural puzzle as well as potential pitfalls of these processes; (ii) an overview of functions attributed to carbohydrates, covering from monosaccharide to complex, well-defined epitopes and full glycans, including post-glycosylational modifications, and (iii) recent technical advances allowing structural identification of glycoprotein glycans with simultaneous assignation of biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Defaus
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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Fischer T, Dietrich PM, Streeck C, Ray S, Nutsch A, Shard A, Beckhoff B, Unger WES, Rurack K. Quantification of Variable Functional-Group Densities of Mixed-Silane Monolayers on Surfaces via a Dual-Mode Fluorescence and XPS Label. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2685-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503850f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Fischer
- Division
1.9 Chemical and Optical Sensing, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul M. Dietrich
- Division
6.8 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Streeck
- X-ray
and IR Spectrometry Group, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB, Abbestrasse
2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Santanu Ray
- Surface
and Nanoanalysis Group, Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Nutsch
- X-ray
and IR Spectrometry Group, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB, Abbestrasse
2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex Shard
- Surface
and Nanoanalysis Group, Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Burkhard Beckhoff
- X-ray
and IR Spectrometry Group, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB, Abbestrasse
2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. S. Unger
- Division
6.8 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Division
1.9 Chemical and Optical Sensing, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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12
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Simone G, Malara N, Trunzo V, Renne M, Perozziello G, Di Fabrizio E, Manz A. Galectin-3 coats the membrane of breast cells and makes a signature of tumours. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:258-65. [PMID: 24281352 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70359b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3, β-galactoside-binding lectin, coats the membrane of most cancer cells and is involved in metastasis and endothelium recognition as well as in evading immune surveillance through killing of activated T cells. To flag galectin as a biomarker of tumours and metastasis, it is pivotal to understand the role of this protein in different tumours and at different stages. Breast tumours have an anomalous behaviour of the galectin-3 compared to other tumour cells. Herein, FACS sorting and galactoside based assays were used to investigate the role of galectin-3 in metastasis and metastatisation of breast cancer cells. Breast galectin fingerprint at the FACS displayed a higher amount in healthy cells, compared to metastatic cells. The microfluidic assay was able to isolate tumour and metastatic cells more than healthy breast cells. Investigation was performed on samples from patients with breast tumours at stage I and stage III whilst MCF7 and EPH-4 cells were used to perform preliminary investigations. The readout of the conditioned medium (from culturing of stage I cells) fingerprint by FACS evidenced high expression of free galectin. Analysis of the results established that the galectin coating the membrane, by galactoside recognition of the breast cells, and engaged by the cells to form protein-carbohydrate complexes inside the microfluidic assay, resembled the tumour signature of tumours in breast cells whilst the galectin free is independent of those mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Simone
- KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7 1, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Yu ZTF, Yong KMA, Fu J. Microfluidic blood cell sorting: now and beyond. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1687-703. [PMID: 24515899 PMCID: PMC4013196 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Blood plays an important role in homeostatic regulation with each of its cellular components having important therapeutic and diagnostic uses. Therefore, separation and sorting of blood cells hasa been of a great interest to clinicians and researchers. However, while conventional methods of processing blood have been successful in generating relatively pure fractions, they are time consuming, labor intensive, and are not optimal for processing small volume blood samples. In recent years, microfluidics has garnered great interest from clinicians and researchers as a powerful technology for separating blood into different cell fractions. As microfluidics involves fluid manipulation at the microscale level, it has the potential for achieving high-resolution separation and sorting of blood cells down to a single-cell level, with an added benefit of integrating physical and biological methods for blood cell separation and analysis on the same single chip platform. This paper will first review the conventional methods of processing and sorting blood cells, followed by a discussion on how microfluidics is emerging as an efficient tool to rapidly change the field of blood cell sorting for blood-based therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeta Tak For Yu
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Koh Meng Aw Yong
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jianping Fu
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Simone G. Micro analysis to map the glycome code. Proteomics 2014; 14:994-1000. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Simone
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care Italian Institute of Technology @ CRIB; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci; Italy
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15
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Perozziello G, Candeloro P, Gentile F, Nicastri A, Perri A, Coluccio ML, Adamo A, Pardeo F, Catalano R, Parrotta E, Espinosa HD, Cuda G, Di Fabrizio E. Microfluidics & nanotechnology: towards fully integrated analytical devices for the detection of cancer biomarkers. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10486b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we describe an innovative modular microfluidic platform allowing filtering, concentration and analysis of peptides from a complex mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Perozziello
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- NorthWestern University
| | - P. Candeloro
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - F. Gentile
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A. Nicastri
- Proteomics lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A. Perri
- Proteomics lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - M. L. Coluccio
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A. Adamo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
- Cambridge, USA
| | - F. Pardeo
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - R. Catalano
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - E. Parrotta
- Proteomics lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - H. D. Espinosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- NorthWestern University
- Evanston, USA
| | - G. Cuda
- Proteomics lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
| | - E. Di Fabrizio
- BioNEM lab
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro
- Catanzaro, Italy
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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16
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Levy O, Anandakumaran P, Ngai J, Karnik R, Karp JM. Systematic analysis of in vitro cell rolling using a multi-well plate microfluidic system. J Vis Exp 2013:e50866. [PMID: 24193253 DOI: 10.3791/50866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for cell-based therapy is the inability to systemically target a large quantity of viable cells with high efficiency to tissues of interest following intravenous or intraarterial infusion. Consequently, increasing cell homing is currently studied as a strategy to improve cell therapy. Cell rolling on the vascular endothelium is an important step in the process of cell homing and can be probed in-vitro using a parallel plate flow chamber (PPFC). However, this is an extremely tedious, low throughput assay, with poorly controlled flow conditions. Instead, we used a multi-well plate microfluidic system that enables study of cellular rolling properties in a higher throughput under precisely controlled, physiologically relevant shear flow. In this paper, we show how the rolling properties of HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) cells on P- and E-selectin-coated surfaces as well as on cell monolayer-coated surfaces can be readily examined. To better simulate inflammatory conditions, the microfluidic channel surface was coated with endothelial cells (ECs), which were then activated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), significantly increasing interactions with HL-60 cells under dynamic conditions. The enhanced throughput and integrated multi-parameter software analysis platform, that permits rapid analysis of parameters such as rolling velocities and rolling path, are important advantages for assessing cell rolling properties in-vitro. Allowing rapid and accurate analysis of engineering approaches designed to impact cell rolling and homing, this platform may help advance exogenous cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Levy
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital
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17
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Simone G, Malara N, Trunzo V, Perozziello G, Neuzil P, Francardi M, Roveda L, Renne M, Prati U, Mollace V, Manz A, Di Fabrizio E. Protein-carbohydrate complex reveals circulating metastatic cells in a microfluidic assay. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2152-2161. [PMID: 23401360 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Advances in carbohydrate sequencing technologies reveal the tremendous complexity of the glycome and the role that glycomics might have to bring insight into the biological functions. Carbohydrate-protein interactions, in particular, are known to be crucial to most mammalian physiological processes as mediators of cell adhesion and metastasis, signal transducers, and organizers of protein interactions. An assay is developed here to mimic the multivalency of biological complexes that selectively and sensitively detect carbohydrate-protein interactions. The binding of β-galactosides and galectin-3--a protein that is correlated to the progress of tumor and metastasis--is examined. The efficiency of the assay is related to the expression of the receptor while anchoring to the interaction's strength. Comparative binding experiments reveal molecular binding preferences. This study establishes that the assay is robust to isolate metastatic cells from colon affected patients and paves the way to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Simone
- KIST Europe, Campus E71, 66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
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18
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Liberale C, Cojoc G, Bragheri F, Minzioni P, Perozziello G, La Rocca R, Ferrara L, Rajamanickam V, Di Fabrizio E, Cristiani I. Integrated microfluidic device for single-cell trapping and spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1258. [PMID: 23409249 PMCID: PMC3570777 DOI: 10.1038/srep01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Optofluidic microsystems are key components towards lab-on-a-chip devices for manipulation and analysis of biological specimens. In particular, the integration of optical tweezers (OT) in these devices allows stable sample trapping, while making available mechanical, chemical and spectroscopic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liberale
- Nanostructures, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy. [corrected]
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