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Rizzarelli P, Leanza M, Rapisarda M. Investigations into the characterization, degradation, and applications of biodegradable polymers by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023. [PMID: 38014928 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been getting more and more attention because of their contribution to the plastic pollution environmental issues and to move towards a circular economy. Nevertheless, biodegradable materials still exhibit various disadvantages restraining a widespread use in the market. Therefore, additional research efforts are required to improve their performance. Mass spectrometry (MS) affords a relevant contribution to optimize biodegradable polymer synthesis, to confirm macromolecular structures, to examine along the time the progress of degradation processes and highlight advantages and drawbacks in the extensive applications. This review aims to provide an overview of the MS investigations carried out to support the synthesis of biodegradable polymers, with helpful information on undesirable products or polymerization mechanism, to understand deterioration pathways by the structure of degradation products and to follow drug release and pharmacokinetic. Additionally, it summarizes MS studies addressed on environmental and health issues related to the extensive use of plastic materials, that is, potential migration of additives or microplastics identification and quantification. The paper is focused on the most significant studies relating to synthetic and microbial biodegradable polymers published in the last 15 years, not including agro-polymers such as proteins and polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rizzarelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per i Polimeri Compositi e Biomateriali (IPCB), ede Secondaria di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Melania Leanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per i Polimeri Compositi e Biomateriali (IPCB), ede Secondaria di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Rapisarda
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per i Polimeri Compositi e Biomateriali (IPCB), ede Secondaria di Catania, Catania, Italy
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2
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Liffland S, Hillmyer MA. Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Aliphatic Polyester Thermoplastic Elastomers through Star Block Architectures. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Liffland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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Fouquet TNJ, Amalian JA, Aniel N, Carvin-Sergent I, Issa S, Poyer S, Crozet D, Giusti P, Gigmes D, Trimaille T, Charles L. Reactive Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry To Determine Intrinsic Degradability of Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) Chains. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12041-12048. [PMID: 34431672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Because of its speed, sensitivity, and ability to scrutinize individual species, mass spectrometry (MS) has become an essential tool in analytical strategies aimed at studying the degradation behavior of polyesters. MS analyses can be performed prior to the degradation event for structural characterization of initial substrates or after it has occurred to measure the decreasing size of products as a function of time. Here, we show that MS can also be usefully employed during the degradation process by online monitoring the chain solvolysis induced by reactive desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Cleavage of ester bonds in random copolymers of lactic acid (LA) and glycolic acid (GA) was achieved by electrospraying methanol-containing NaOH onto the substrates. Experimental conditions were optimized to generate methanolysis products of high abundance so that mass spectra can be conveniently processed using Kendrick-based approaches. The same reactive-DESI performance was demonstrated for two sample preparations, solvent casting for soluble samples or pressed pellets for highly crystalline substrates, permitting to compare polymers with LA/GA ratios ranging from 100/0 to 5/95. Analysis of sample fractions collected by size exclusion chromatography showed that methanolysis occurs independently of the original chain size, so data recorded for poly(LA-co-GA) (PLAGA) copolymers with the average molecular weight ranging from 10 to 180 kDa could be safely compared. The average mass of methanolysis products was observed to decrease linearly (R2 = 0.9900) as the GA content increases in PLAGA substrates, consistent with the susceptibility of ester bonds toward solvolysis being higher in GA than in LA. Because DESI only explores the surface of solids, these data do not reflect bulk degradability of the copolymers but, instead, their relative degradability at the molecular level. Based on a "reactive-DESI degradability scale" such as that established here for PLAGA, the proposed method offers interesting perspectives to qualify intrinsic degradability of different polyesters and evaluate their erosion susceptibility or to determine the degradability of those polymers known to degrade via erosion only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry N J Fouquet
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Jean-Arthur Amalian
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Nathan Aniel
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Isaure Carvin-Sergent
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Sébastien Issa
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Salomé Poyer
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Delphine Crozet
- Total Refining and Chemicals, Total Research & Technology Gonfreville, Harfleur 76700, France
| | - Pierre Giusti
- Total Refining and Chemicals, Total Research & Technology Gonfreville, Harfleur 76700, France.,International Joint laboratory-iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Harfleur 76700, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Thomas Trimaille
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Laurence Charles
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7273, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille 13397, France
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4
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Linear and star-shaped poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazine)s. Synthesis, characterization and conformation in solution. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Rizzarelli P, Rapisarda M, Valenti G. Mass spectrometry in bioresorbable polymer development, degradation and drug-release tracking. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 2:e8697. [PMID: 31834664 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A detailed characterization of polymeric matrices and appropriate degradation monitoring techniques are required to sustain the development of new materials as well as to enlarge the applications of the old ones. In fact, polymer analysis is essential for the clarification of the intrinsic relationship between structure and properties that ascertains the industrial applications in diverse fields. In bioresorbable and biodegradable polymers, the role of analytical methods is dual since it is pointed both at the polymeric matrices and at degradation tracking. The structural architectures, the mechanical and morphological properties, and the degradation rate, are of outstanding importance for a specific application. In some cases, the complexity of the polymer structure, the processes of decomposition or the low concentration of the degradation products need the concurrent use of different complementary analytical techniques to give detailed information of the reactions taking place. Several analytical methods are used in bioresorbable polymer development and degradation tracking. Among them, mass spectrometry (MS) plays an essential role and it is used to refine polymer syntheses, for its high sensitivity, to highlight degradation mechanism by detecting compounds present in trace amounts, or to track the degradation product profile and to study drug release. In fact, elucidation of reaction mechanisms and polymer structure, attesting to the purity and detecting defects as well as residual catalysts, in biodegradable and bioresorbable polymers, requires sensitive analytical characterization methods that are essential in providing an assurance of safety, efficacy and quality. This review aims to provide an overview of the MS strategies used to support research and development of resorbable polymers as well as to investigate their degradation mechanisms. It is focused on the most significant studies concerning synthetic bioresorbable matrices (polylactide, polyglycolide and their copolymers, polyhydroxybutyrate, etc.), published in the last ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rizzarelli
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, 95126, Italy
| | - Marco Rapisarda
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, 95126, Italy
| | - Graziella Valenti
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, 95126, Italy
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6
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Towards novel functional polymers: Ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide with p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene derivatives. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Shumatbaeva AM, Morozova JE, Syakaev VV, Shalaeva YV, Sapunova AS, Voloshina AD, Gubaidullin AT, Bazanova OB, Babaev VM, Nizameev IR, Kadirov MK, Antipin IS. The pH-responsive calix[4]resorcinarene-mPEG conjugates bearing acylhydrazone bonds: Synthesis and study of the potential as supramolecular drug delivery systems. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Vavilova AA, Gorbachuk VV, Shurpik DN, Padnya PL, Gerasimov AV, Mostovaya OA, Stoikov II. Lactic acid copolyesters with carboxyl derivatives of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene: synthesis and effect of macrocycle conformation on the physicochemical properties. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Mostovaya OA, Gorbachuk VV, Padnya PL, Vavilova AA, Evtugyn GA, Stoikov II. Modification of Oligo- and Polylactides With Macrocyclic Fragments: Synthesis and Properties. Front Chem 2019; 7:554. [PMID: 31428605 PMCID: PMC6687754 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Products of lactic acid polycondensation (poly- and oligolactic acids) are widely used as packaging materials, drug delivery agents, implants etc. Variety of their applications is caused by a number of practically important properties, e.g., biocompatibility and biodegradability, non-toxicity, and mechanical durability. Modification of these polymers with different additives allows improving their properties and extending future applications. In this manner, stability toward degradation, recognition of some substrates, extended thermal stability etc. can be improved. Macrocyclic compounds are promising candidates as modifiers. They are able to provide polymer materials with additional binding sites, impart certain orientation to spatial arrangement of polymer chains, change hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, and redox properties. The latter one can be used for assembling various electrochemical sensors and biosensors that combine steric discrimination of the analytes caused by oligolactides and highly sensitive response to their quantities caused by redox labels introduced. Different composite materials based on oligolactides as matrices for such redox labels were described in the assemblies of biosensors for drugs, pesticides, and antioxidants detection. In this mini-review, methods for the synthesis of the lactic acid oligomers and those modified with the macrocyclic fragments (porphyrin, cyclodextrin, and cyclophane) have been described. The effects of modifiers on complexation, thermal, and aggregation properties of materials are described. Analytical performance of oligolactide based sensors and biosensors has been considered with particular emphasis to the mechanism of signal generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Mostovaya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Vladimir V. Gorbachuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel L. Padnya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alena A. Vavilova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Gennady A. Evtugyn
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan I. Stoikov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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Shumatbaeva AM, Morozova JE, Shalaeva YV, Gubaidullin AT, Saifina AF, Syakaev VV, Bazanova OB, Sapunova AS, Voloshina AD, Nizameev IR, Kadirov MK, Konovalov AI. The novel calix[4]resorcinarene-PEG conjugate: Synthesis, self-association and encapsulation properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Synthesis, self-assembly and the effect of the macrocyclic platform on thermal properties of lactic acid oligomer modified by p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Microwave assisted alkylation of ortho-methyl-tetra-C-naphthyl-resorcinarene and its phosphorylated derivatives with haloalkanes and ethyl bromoacetate. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Ermakova AM, Morozova JE, Shalaeva YV, Syakaev VV, Gubaidullin AT, Voloshina AD, Zobov VV, Nizameev IR, Bazanova OB, Antipin IS, Konovalov AI. Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:2057-2070. [PMID: 30116696 PMCID: PMC6071701 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain a non-toxic amphiphilic calixresorcinarene capable to form nanoconjugates for drug encapsulation, tetraundecylcalixresorcinarene functionalized by methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) chains has been synthesized. The macrocycle obtained is characterized by low hemotoxicity. In aqueous solution it forms nanoassociates that are able to encapsulate organic substrates of different hydrophobicity, including drugs (doxorubicin, naproxen, ibuprofen, quercetin). The micelles of the macrocycle slowed down the release of the hydrophilic substrates in vitro. In physiological sodium chloride solution and phosphate-buffered saline, the micelles of the macrocycle acquire thermoresponsive properties and exhibit a temperature-controlled release of doxorubicin in vitro. The combination of the low toxicity and the encapsulation properties of the obtained calixresorcinarene-mPEG conjugate shows promising potential for the use as a supramolecular drug-delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Ermakova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya st. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Julia E Morozova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya st. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Yana V Shalaeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya st. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Victor V Syakaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Aidar T Gubaidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra D Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V Zobov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Irek R Nizameev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, K. Marx str. 10, 420111 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Olga B Bazanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Igor S Antipin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya st. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I Konovalov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
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16
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Rafiee Z, Kakanejadifard A, Hosseinzadeh R, Nemati M, Adeli M. Synthesis of calixarene–polyglycerol conjugates and their self-assembly toward nano and microtubes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24941d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular self-assembly of new hyperbranched polymers and copolymers consisting of polyglycerol and citric acid with a calixarene core results in nano and microtubes with the ability of loading of curcumin as an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Rafiee
- Faculty of Science
- Lorestan University
- Khorram Abad
- Iran
| | | | | | | | - Mohsen Adeli
- Faculty of Science
- Lorestan University
- Khorram Abad
- Iran
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17
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Resorcinarene-centered amphiphilic star-block copolymers: Synthesis, micellization and controlled drug release. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-014-1528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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Wu R, Al-Azemi TF, Bisht KS. Influence of a resorcin[4]arene core structure on the spatial directionality of multi-arm poly(ε-caprolactone)s. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47678b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial directionality of polymer chains in multi-arm polymers can be used to manipulate their thermal and physical properties. Synthesis of directional poly(ε-caprolactone), based on a rigid and flexible resorcin[4]arene initiator core, was accomplished via ring-opening polymerization catalyzed by Sn(Oct)2 in bulk at 120 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa, USA
| | | | - Kirpal S. Bisht
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa, USA
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Rizzarelli P, Carroccio S. Modern mass spectrometry in the characterization and degradation of biodegradable polymers. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 808:18-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Isono T, Kondo Y, Otsuka I, Nishiyama Y, Borsali R, Kakuchi T, Satoh T. Synthesis and Stereocomplex Formation of Star-Shaped Stereoblock Polylactides Consisting of Poly(l-lactide) and Poly(d-lactide) Arms. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401375x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Isono
- Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yohei Kondo
- Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Issei Otsuka
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV, UPR-CNRS 5301), affiliated with the Grenoble Alpes University
and member of the Institute de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble
(ICMG, FR-CNRS 2607), BP53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Yoshiharu Nishiyama
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV, UPR-CNRS 5301), affiliated with the Grenoble Alpes University
and member of the Institute de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble
(ICMG, FR-CNRS 2607), BP53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Redouane Borsali
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV, UPR-CNRS 5301), affiliated with the Grenoble Alpes University
and member of the Institute de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble
(ICMG, FR-CNRS 2607), BP53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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Blencowe A, Qiao GG. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization with the Second Generation Hoveyda–Grubbs Catalyst: An Efficient Approach toward High-Purity Functionalized Macrocyclic Oligo(cyclooctene)s. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5717-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ja312418z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Blencowe
- Polymer Science Group,
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Greg G. Qiao
- Polymer Science Group,
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Zhou J, Jiang Z, Wang Z, Zhang J, Li J, Li Y, Zhang J, Chen P, Gu Q. Synthesis and characterization of triblock copolymer PLA-b-PBT-b-PLA and its effect on the crystallization of PLA. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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23
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Zhang C, Miao M, Cao X, An Z. One-pot RAFT synthesis of core cross-linked star polymers of polyPEGMA in water by sequential homogeneous and heterogeneous polymerizations. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20442h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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