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Zainuddin MZ, Abu Bakar AA, Adam AN, Abdullah SM, Tamchek N, Alauddin MS, Mahat MM, Wiwatcharagoses N, Alforidi A, Ghazali MIM. Mechanical and Structural Properties of Polyhydroxybutyrate as Additive in Blend Material in Additive Manufacturing for Medical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081849. [PMID: 37111996 PMCID: PMC10145977 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, additive manufacturing (AM) is considered one of the vital tenets of the industry 4.0 revolution due to its high productivity, decentralized production and rapid prototyping. This work aims to study the mechanical and structural properties of polyhydroxybutyrate as an additive in blend materials and its potential in medical applications. PHB/PUA blend resins were formulated with 0 wt.%, 6 wt.%, 12 wt.% and 18 wt.% of PHB concentration. Stereolithography or an SLA 3D printing technique were used to evaluate the printability of the PHB/PUA blend resins. Additionally, from FESEM analysis, a change was observed in PUA's microstructure, with an additional number of voids spotted. Furthermore, from XRD analysis, as PHB concentration increased, the crystallinity index (CI) also increased. This indicates the brittleness properties of the materials, which correlated to the weak performance of the tensile and impact properties. Next, the effect of PHB loading concentration within PHB/PUA blends and aging duration towards the mechanical performance of tensile and impact properties was also studied by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a two-way method. Finally, 12 wt.% of PHB/PUA was selected to 3D print the finger splint due to its characteristics, which are compatible to be used in finger bone fracture recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zulhilmi Zainuddin
- SMART RG, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Adnan Abu Bakar
- SMART RG, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Nurhelmy Adam
- SMART RG, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Shahino Mah Abdullah
- SMART RG, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Nizam Tamchek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin
- SMART RG, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai 71800, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Muzamir Mahat
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nophadon Wiwatcharagoses
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Ahmad Alforidi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali
- SMART RG, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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MacDonald JP, Shaver MP. An aromatic/aliphatic polyester prepared via ring-opening polymerisation and its remarkably selective and cyclable depolymerisation to monomer. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01606a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ring-opening polymerisation of 2,3-dihydro-5H-1,4-benzodioxepin-5-one gives polyester homopolymers and copolymers that contain both aromatic and aliphatic linkages. The polymers can be easily depolymerised by Al catalysts.
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Zhang J, Li L, Song S, Feng H, Chen P, Wang Z, Gu Q. Synchronous architecture of ring-banded and non-ring-banded morphology within one spherulite based on in situ ring-opening polymerization of cyclic butylene terephthalate oligomers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20471f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring-banded morphology of pCBT accompanied by the synchronous evolution of non-ring-banded patterns was investigated through the crystallization of pCBT prepared by ROP of CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Technology
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Li Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Senyang Song
- School of Petrochemical Technology
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Huixia Feng
- School of Petrochemical Technology
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Peng Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Zongbao Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
| | - Qun Gu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin 300308
- China
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Su Y, Yu J, Wang Y, Zhu J, Hu Z. Effect of hard segment length on the properties of poly(ether ester) elastomer prepared by one pot copolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) and cyclic butylene terephthalate. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Correlation between polymerization of cyclic butylene terephthalate (CBT) and crystallization of polymerized CBT. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wang Y, Yuan L, Liang G, Gu A. New Bismaleimide Resin Toughened by In Situ Ring-Opening Polymer of Cyclic Butylene Terephthalate Oligomer with Unique Organotin Initiator. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guozheng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Aijuan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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