1
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Carter BM, Day GJ, Zhang WH, Sessions RB, Jackson CJ, Perriman AW. Partitioning of an Enzyme-Polymer Surfactant Nanocomplex into Lipid-Rich Cellular Compartments Drives In Situ Hydrolysis of Organophosphates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401982. [PMID: 38992997 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Most organophosphates (OPs) are hydrophobic, and after exposure, can sequester into lipophilic regions within the body, such as adipose tissue, resulting in long term chronic effects. Consequently, there is an urgent need for therapeutic agents that can decontaminate OPs in these hydrophobic regions. Accordingly, an enzyme-polymer surfactant nanocomplex is designed and tested comprising chemically supercharged phosphotriesterase (Agrobacterium radiobacter; arPTE) electrostatically conjugated to amphiphilic polymer surfactant chains ([cat.arPTE][S-]). Experimentally-derived structural data are combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to provide atomic level detail on conformational ensembles of the nanocomplex using dielectric constants relevant to aqueous and lipidic microenvironments. These show the formation of a compact admicelle pseudophase surfactant corona under aqueous conditions, which reconfigures to yield an extended conformation at a low dielectric constant, providing insight into the mechanism underpinning cell membrane binding. Significantly, it demonstrated that [cat.arPTE][S-] spontaneously binds to human mesenchymal stem cell membranes (hMSCs), resulting in on-cell OP hydrolysis. Moreover, the nanoconstruct can endocytose and partition into the intracellular fatty vacuoles of adipocytes and hydrolyze sequestered OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Graham J Day
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - William H Zhang
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Colin J Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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2
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Chen Y, Lin X, Liu X, Liu Y, Bui-Le L, Blakney AK, Yeow J, Zhu Y, Stevens MM, Shattock RJ, Chen R, Brogan APS, Hallett JP. Thermally Robust Solvent-Free Liquid Polyplexes for Heat-Shock Protection and Long-Term Room Temperature Storage of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2965-2972. [PMID: 38682378 PMCID: PMC11094731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid therapeutics have attracted recent attention as promising preventative solutions for a broad range of diseases. Nonviral delivery vectors, such as cationic polymers, improve the cellular uptake of nucleic acids without suffering the drawbacks of viral delivery vectors. However, these delivery systems are faced with a major challenge for worldwide deployment, as their poor thermal stability elicits the need for cold chain transportation. Here, we demonstrate a biomaterial strategy to drastically improve the thermal stability of DNA polyplexes. Importantly, we demonstrate long-term room temperature storage with a transfection efficiency maintained for at least 9 months. Additionally, extreme heat shock studies show retained luciferase expression after heat treatment at 70 °C. We therefore provide a proof of concept for a platform biotechnology that could provide long-term room temperature storage for temperature-sensitive nucleic acid therapeutics, eliminating the need for the cold chain, which in turn would reduce the cost of distributing life-saving therapeutics worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Xuhan Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Shenzhen
University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical
Academy, Shenzhen University, No. 1098 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518000, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Liem Bui-Le
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Anna K. Blakney
- Department
of Infectious Disease, Imperial College
London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1NY, U.K.
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Michael Smith
Laboratories, 2185 East
Mall, Vancouver, British
Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering at Imperial College London, Prince Consort Rd, SW7 2AZ London, South Kensington, U.K.
| | - Yunqing Zhu
- School
of
Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji
University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering at Imperial College London, Prince Consort Rd, SW7 2AZ London, South Kensington, U.K.
| | - Robin J. Shattock
- Department
of Infectious Disease, Imperial College
London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1NY, U.K.
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Alex P. S. Brogan
- Department
of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K.
| | - Jason P. Hallett
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
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3
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Sanchez-Fernandez A, Basic M, Xiang J, Prevost S, Jackson AJ, Dicko C. Hydration in Deep Eutectic Solvents Induces Non-monotonic Changes in the Conformation and Stability of Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23657-23667. [PMID: 36524921 PMCID: PMC9801427 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The preservation of labile biomolecules presents a major challenge in chemistry, and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as suitable environments for this purpose. However, how the hydration of DESs impacts the behavior of proteins is often neglected. Here, we demonstrate that the amino acid environment and secondary structure of two proteins (bovine serum albumin and lysozyme) and an antibody (immunoglobulin G) in 1:2 choline chloride:glycerol and 1:2 choline chloride:urea follow a re-entrant behavior with solvent hydration. A dome-shaped transition is observed with a folded or partially folded structure at very low (<10 wt % H2O) and high (>40 wt % H2O) DES hydration, while protein unfolding increases between those regimes. Hydration also affects protein conformation and stability, as demonstrated for bovine serum albumin in hydrated 1:2 choline chloride:glycerol. In the neat DES, bovine serum albumin remains partially folded and unexpectedly undergoes unfolding and oligomerization at low water content. At intermediate hydration, the protein begins to refold and gradually retrieves the native monomer-dimer equilibrium. However, ca. 36 wt % H2O is required to recover the native folding fully. The half-denaturation temperature of the protein increases with decreasing hydration, but even the dilute DESs significantly enhance the thermal stability of bovine serum albumin. Also, protein unfolding can be reversed by rehydrating the sample to the high hydration regime, also recovering protein function. This correlation provides a new perspective to understanding protein behavior in hydrated DESs, where quantifying the DES hydration becomes imperative to identifying the folding and stability of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sanchez-Fernandez
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade
de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa de Jenaro de la Fuente, s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15705, Spain,Food
Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund
University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden,
| | - Medina Basic
- Food
Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund
University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Jenny Xiang
- Food
Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund
University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Sylvain Prevost
- Institut
Laue-Langevin, DS / LSS,
71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Andrew J. Jackson
- European
Spallation Source, Box
176, Lund 221 00, Sweden,Department
of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Cedric Dicko
- Pure
and
Applied Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box
124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden,Lund
Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden
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4
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Zhou Y, Pedersen JN, Pedersen JN, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Petersen SV, Pedersen JS, Perriman A, Gao R, Guo Z. Superanionic Solvent-Free Liquid Enzymes Exhibit Enhanced Structures and Activities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202359. [PMID: 35988154 PMCID: PMC9661855 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The surface of a carboxylate-enriched octuple mutant of Bacillus subtilis lipase A (8M) is chemically anionized to produce core (8M)-shell (cationic polymer surfactants) bionanoconjugates in protein liquid form, which are termed anion-type biofluids. The resultant lipase biofluids exhibit a 2.5-fold increase in hydrolytic activity when compared with analogous lipase biofluids based on anionic polymer surfactants. In addition, the applicability of the anion-type biofluid using Myoglobin (Mb) that is well studied in anion-type solvent-free liquid proteins is evaluated. Although anionization resulted in the complete unfolding of Mb, the active α-helix level is partially recovered in the anion-type biofluids, and the effect is accentuated in the cation-type Mb biofluids. These highly active anion-type solvent-free liquid enzymes exhibit increased thermal stability and provide a new direction in solvent-free liquid protein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and EngineeringThe Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesJilin UniversityNo. 2699, Qianjin StreetChangchun130012P. R. China
- Department of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 10Aarhus8000Denmark
| | - Jannik Nedergaard Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 14Aarhus8000Denmark
| | - Jacob Nedergaard Pedersen
- Department of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 10Aarhus8000Denmark
| | - Nykola C. Jones
- ISADepartment of Physics and AstronomyAarhus UniversityNy Munkegade 120Aarhus8000Denmark
| | | | - Steen Vang Petersen
- Department of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityWilhelm Meyers Allé 4Aarhus8000Denmark
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 14Aarhus8000Denmark
| | - Adam Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBS8 1TSBristolUK
| | - Renjun Gao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and EngineeringThe Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesJilin UniversityNo. 2699, Qianjin StreetChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 10Aarhus8000Denmark
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5
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Behera S, Balasubramanian S. Molecular simulations explain the exceptional thermal stability, solvent tolerance and solubility of protein-polymer surfactant bioconjugates in ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21904-21915. [PMID: 36065955 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02636h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Proteins complexed electrostatically with polymer surfactants constitute a viscous liquid by themselves, called the solvent-free protein liquid (SFPL). A solution of SFPL in a room temperature ionic liquid (PS-IL) offers the protein hyperthermal stability, higher solubility and greater IL tolerance. A generic understanding of these protein-polymer systems is obtained herein through extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of three different enzymes (lipase A, lysozyme and myoglobin) under various conditions. Along with increased intra-protein hydrogen bonding, the surfactant coating around the proteins imparts greater thermal stability, and also aids in screening protein-IL interactions, endowing them IL tolerance. The reduced surface polarity of the protein-polymer bioconjugate and hydrogen bonding between the ethylene glycol groups of the surfactant and the IL cation contribute to the facile solvation of the protein in its PS-IL form. The results presented here rationalize several experimental observations and will aid in the improved design of such hybrid materials for sustainable catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Behera
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India.
| | - Sundaram Balasubramanian
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India.
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6
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Nandy A, Mukherjee S. A Bioinspired Light Harvesting System in Aqueous Medium: Highly Efficient Energy Transfer through the Self Assembly of β-Sheet Nanostructures of Poly-d-Lysine. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6701-6710. [PMID: 35848986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nature has beautifully assembled its light harvesting pigments within protein scaffolds, which ensures a very high energy transfer. Designing a highly efficient artificial bioinspired light harvesting system (LHS) thus requires the nanoscale spatial orientation and electronic control of the associated chromophores. Although DNA has been used as a scaffold to organize chromophores, proteins or polypeptides, however, are very rarely explored. Here, we have developed a highly efficient, artificial, bioinspired LHS using polypeptide (poly-d-lysine, PDL) nanostructures making use of their β-sheet structure in an aqueous alkaline medium. The chromophores used herein are compatible for an energy transfer process and are nonfluorescent in an aqueous medium but exhibit high fluorescence intensity when bound to the nanostructure of PDL. The close proximity of the chromophores results in an energy transfer efficiency of ∼92% besides generating white light emission at a particular molar ratio between the chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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7
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Kistwal T, Mukhopadhyay A, Dasgupta S, Sharma KP, Datta A. Ultraslow Biological Water-Like Dynamics in Waterless Liquid Protein. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4389-4393. [PMID: 35548934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and time-dependent fluorescence Stokes shift have been employed to elucidate dynamics in different time scales, ranging from picoseconds to nanoseconds, for human serum albumin, in its native and cationized forms as well as in the self-assembled complex of the cationized protein with the polymer surfactant (PS) glycolic acid ethoxylate lauryl ether. The effect of crowding in this complex, especially in the waterless condition, is of prime importance in this context. Excellent correlation of the dynamics with the structures, obtained by circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, has been observed. Slow solvation, associated classically with biological water, has been observed in these systems, even in the waterless condition. This apparently intriguing observation has been rationalized by the relaxation of segments of the protein and the PS in the microenvironment of the fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Kistwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anasua Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Souradip Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Kamendra P Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anindya Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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8
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Behera S, Balasubramanian S. Insights into substrate behavior in a solvent-free protein liquid to rationalize its reduced catalytic rate. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11896-11905. [PMID: 35481067 PMCID: PMC9016799 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
When proteins are engineered with a polymer surfactant coating on their surface, they can form a liquid phase by themselves, without the need for a solvent, such as, say, water. However, such solvent-free protein liquids (SFPL), despite their capability to function at temperatures above those in aqueous solutions, exhibit much reduced catalytic rates. A comprehensive understanding of the nature of substrates in such liquids is crucial to reason out the reduced catalytic activity of enzymes as SFPL media, and thus identify the means to improve the same. Employing atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of lipase A from Bacillus subtilis in its SFPL form, we demonstrate that at low concentrations, the substrate molecules are located mostly in the hydrophilic layer of the surfactant shell that ensheaths the enzyme; substrates in this SFPL are present in various conformations with similar propensities as in the aqueous solution. Slower translational diffusion and reorientational dynamics, as well as the reduced tendency of a substrate molecule to closely interact with the enzymes in the SFPL medium have been identified herein as the contributing factors for the reduced activity of enzymes in this hybrid liquid. At high concentrations of substrates corresponding to those used in in vitro experiments, the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex is observed. Microscopic insights reported here can aid in the choice of surfactants to improve the catalytic rate of enzymes in SFPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Behera
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore 560 064 India
| | - Sundaram Balasubramanian
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore 560 064 India
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9
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Zhang W, Day GJ, Zampetakis I, Carrabba M, Zhang Z, Carter BM, Govan N, Jackson C, Chen M, Perriman AW. Three-Dimensional Printable Enzymatically Active Plastics. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:6070-6077. [PMID: 35983011 PMCID: PMC9376927 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a facile route to the synthesis of enzymatically active highly fabricable plastics, where the enzyme is an intrinsic component of the material. This is facilitated by the formation of an electrostatically stabilized enzyme-polymer surfactant nanoconstruct, which, after lyophilization and melting, affords stable macromolecular dispersions in a wide range of organic solvents. A selection of plastics can then be co-dissolved in the dispersions, which provides a route to bespoke 3D enzyme plastic nanocomposite structures using a wide range of fabrication techniques, including melt electrowriting, casting, and piston-driven 3D printing. The resulting constructs comprising active phosphotriesterase (arPTE) readily detoxify organophosphates with persistent activity over repeated cycles and for long time periods. Moreover, we show that the protein guest molecules, such as arPTE or sfGFP, increase the compressive Young's modulus of the plastics and that the identity of the biomolecule influences the nanomorphology and mechanical properties of the resulting materials. Overall, we demonstrate that these biologically active nanocomposite plastics are compatible with state-of-the-art 3D fabrication techniques and that the methodology could be readily applied to produce robust and on-demand smart nanomaterial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- William
H. Zhang
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Day
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Zampetakis
- Bristol
Composites Institute (ACCIS), University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Carrabba
- Bristol
Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8DZ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Ben M. Carter
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Norman Govan
- Defence
Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Jackson
- Australian
National University, Research School of
Chemistry, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and
Protein Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Menglin Chen
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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10
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Nelson MT, Slocik JM, Romer EJ, Mankus CI, Agans RT, Naik RR, Hussain SM. Examining cellular responses to reconstituted antibody protein liquids. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17066. [PMID: 34426606 PMCID: PMC8382709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ionic liquids (PIL) are a new class of biologic stabilizers designed to protect the functionality and extend the shelf-life of biotechnological and therapeutic agents making them more readily available, and resistant to austere environments. Protein biorecognition elements such as monoclonal antibodies are commonly utilized therapeutics that require the robust stabilization offered by PILs, but biocompatibility remains an important issue. This study has focused on characterizing the biocompatibility of an antibody based PIL by exposing multiple cells types to a cationized immunoglobulin suspended in an anionic liquid (IgG-IL). The IgG-IL caused no significant alterations in cellular health for all three cell types with treatments < 12.5 µg/mL. Concentrations ≥ 12.5 µg/mL resulted in significant necrotic cell death in A549 and HaCaT cells, and caspase associated cell death in HepG2 cells. In addition, all cells displayed evidence of oxidative stress and IL-8 induction in response to IgG-IL exposures. Therapeutic Ig can be utilized with a wide dose range that extends into concentrations we have found to exhibit cytotoxicity raising a toxicity concern and a need for more extensive understanding of the biocompatibility of IgG-ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tyler Nelson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA.
| | - Joseph M Slocik
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA.,UES Inc., Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Eric J Romer
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA.,UES Inc., Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
| | | | | | - Rajesh R Naik
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Saber M Hussain
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
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11
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Pagar AD, Patil MD, Flood DT, Yoo TH, Dawson PE, Yun H. Recent Advances in Biocatalysis with Chemical Modification and Expanded Amino Acid Alphabet. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6173-6245. [PMID: 33886302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The two main strategies for enzyme engineering, directed evolution and rational design, have found widespread applications in improving the intrinsic activities of proteins. Although numerous advances have been achieved using these ground-breaking methods, the limited chemical diversity of the biopolymers, restricted to the 20 canonical amino acids, hampers creation of novel enzymes that Nature has never made thus far. To address this, much research has been devoted to expanding the protein sequence space via chemical modifications and/or incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs). This review provides a balanced discussion and critical evaluation of the applications, recent advances, and technical breakthroughs in biocatalysis for three approaches: (i) chemical modification of cAAs, (ii) incorporation of ncAAs, and (iii) chemical modification of incorporated ncAAs. Furthermore, the applications of these approaches and the result on the functional properties and mechanistic study of the enzymes are extensively reviewed. We also discuss the design of artificial enzymes and directed evolution strategies for enzymes with ncAAs incorporated. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives for biocatalysis using the expanded amino acid alphabet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol D Pagar
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Mahesh D Patil
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dillon T Flood
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tae Hyeon Yoo
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Philip E Dawson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
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12
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Behera S, Das S, Balasubramanian S. An atomistic view of solvent-free protein liquids: the case of Lipase A. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:7302-7312. [PMID: 33876090 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvent-free enzymes hold the promise of being able to deliver higher activity at elevated temperatures by virtue of them being not limited by the boiling point of the solvent. They have been realized in the liquid phase through a polymer surfactant coating on the protein surface. However, a clear understanding of intermolecular interactions, structure, dynamics, and the behaviour of the minuscule amount of water present in the solvent-free protein liquid is essential to enhance the activity of these biofluids. Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the scaled spatial correlations between proteins in the hybrid liquid phase of Lipase A enzymes are comparable to the inter-particle correlations in a noble gas fluid. The hydrophilic region of the surfactants forms a coronal layer around each enzyme which percolates throughout the liquid, while the hydrophobic parts are present as disjointed clusters. Inter-surfactant interactions, determined to be attractive and in the range of -200 to -300 kcal mol-1, stabilize the liquid state. While the protein retains its native state conformational dynamics in the solvent-free form, the fluxionality of its side chains is much reduced; at 333 K, the latter is found to be equivalent to that of the enzyme in an aqueous solution at 249 K. Despite the sluggishness of the solvent-free enzyme, some water molecules exhibit high mobility and transit between enzymes primarily via the interspersed hydrophilic regions. These microscopic insights offer ideas to improve substrate diffusion in the liquid to enable the enhancement of catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Behera
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India.
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13
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Schirò G, Fichou Y, Brogan APS, Sessions R, Lohstroh W, Zamponi M, Schneider GJ, Gallat FX, Paciaroni A, Tobias DJ, Perriman A, Weik M. Diffusivelike Motions in a Solvent-Free Protein-Polymer Hybrid. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:088102. [PMID: 33709739 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.088102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between proteins and hydration water stabilizes protein structure and promotes functional dynamics, with water translational motions enabling protein flexibility. Engineered solvent-free protein-polymer hybrids have been shown to preserve protein structure, function, and dynamics. Here, we used neutron scattering, protein and polymer perdeuteration, and molecular dynamics simulations to explore how a polymer dynamically replaces water. Even though relaxation rates and vibrational properties are strongly modified in polymer coated compared to hydrated proteins, liquidlike polymer dynamics appear to plasticize the conjugated protein in a qualitatively similar way as do hydration-water translational motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Schirò
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yann Fichou
- CNRS, Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects (CBMN) UMR 5348, Institut Europeen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Alex P S Brogan
- School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Sessions
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Wiebke Lohstroh
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Michaela Zamponi
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Garching, Germany
| | - Gerald J Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - François-Xavier Gallat
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alessandro Paciaroni
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Douglas J Tobias
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, CA 92697, USA
| | - Adam Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Weik
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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14
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Atkins DL, Magana JR, Sproncken CCM, van Hest JCM, Voets IK. Single Enzyme Nanoparticles with Improved Biocatalytic Activity through Protein Entrapment in a Surfactant Shell. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1159-1166. [PMID: 33630590 PMCID: PMC7944482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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A polymeric corona
consisting of an alkyl-glycolic acid ethoxylate
(CXEOY) surfactant
offers a promising approach toward endowing proteins with thermotropic
phase behavior and hyperthermal activity. Typically, preparation of
protein–surfactant biohybrids is performed via chemical modification of acidic residues followed by electrostatic
conjugation of an anionic surfactant to encapsulate single proteins.
While this procedure has been applied to a broad range of proteins,
modification of acidic residues may be detrimental to function for
specific enzymes. Herein, we report on the one-pot preparation of
biohybrids via covalent conjugation of surfactants
to accessible lysine residues. We entrap the model enzyme hen egg-white
lysozyme (HEWL) in a shell of carboxyl-functionalized C12EO10 or C12EO22 surfactants. With
fewer surfactants, our covalent biohybrids display similar thermotropic
phase behavior to their electrostatically conjugated analogues. Through
a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering and circular dichroism
spectroscopy, we find that both classes of biohybrids consist of a
folded single-protein core decorated by surfactants. Whilst traditional
biohybrids retain densely packed surfactant coronas, our biohybrids
display a less dense and heterogeneously distributed surfactant coverage
located opposite to the catalytic cleft of HEWL. In solution, this
surfactant coating permits 7- or 3.5-fold improvements in activity
retention for biohybrids containing C12EO10 or
C12EO22, respectively. The reported alternative
pathway for biohybrid preparation offers a new horizon to expand upon
the library of proteins for which functional biohybrid materials can
be prepared. We also expect that an improved understanding of the
distribution of tethered surfactants in the corona will be crucial
for future structure–function investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan L Atkins
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Rodrigo Magana
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian C M Sproncken
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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15
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Brogan APS. Preparation and application of solvent-free liquid proteins with enhanced thermal and anhydrous stabilities. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00467k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective details a robust chemical modification strategy to protect proteins from temperature, aggregation, and non-aqueous environments.
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16
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Bui-Le L, Brogan APS, Hallett JP. Solvent-free liquid avidin as a step toward cold chain elimination. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:592-600. [PMID: 33090452 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The temperature sensitivity of vaccines and therapeutic proteins forces the distribution of life-saving treatments to rely heavily on the temperature-controlled (usually 2-8°C) supply and distribution network known as the cold chain. Here, using avidin as a model, we demonstrate how surface engineering could significantly increase the thermal stability of therapeutic proteins. A combination of spectroscopic (Fourier transform infrared, circular dichroism, and ultraviolet-visible) and scattering techniques (dynamic light scattering, small-angle, and wide-angle X-ray scattering) were deployed to probe the activity, structure, and stability of the model protein. Temperature-dependent synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to demonstrate a significant increase in thermal stability, with a half denaturation temperature of 139.0°C and reversible unfolding with modified avidin returning to a 90% folded state when heated to temperatures below 100°C. Accelerated aging studies revealed that modified avidin retained its secondary structure after storage at 40°C for 56 days, equivalent to 160 days at 25°C. Furthermore, binding studies with multiple ligands revealed that the binding site remained functional after modification. As a result, this approach has potential as a storage technology for therapeutic proteins and the elimination of the cold chain, enabling the dissemination of life-saving vaccines worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liem Bui-Le
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alex P S Brogan
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, London, UK
| | - Jason P Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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17
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Revealing the complexity of ionic liquid-protein interactions through a multi-technique investigation. Commun Chem 2020; 3:55. [PMID: 36703418 PMCID: PMC9814843 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-0302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids offer exciting possibilities for biocatalysis as solvent properties provide rare opportunities for customizable, energy-efficient bioprocessing. Unfortunately, proteins and enzymes are generally unstable in ionic liquids and several attempts have been made to explain why; however, a comprehensive understanding of the ionic liquid-protein interactions remains elusive. Here, we present an analytical framework (circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)) to probe the interactions, structure, and stability of a model protein (green fluorescent protein (GFP)) in a range (acetate, chloride, triflate) of pyrrolidinium and imidazolium salts. We demonstrate that measuring protein stability requires a similar holistic analytical framework, as opposed to single-technique assessments that provide misleading conclusions. We reveal information on site-specific ionic liquid-protein interactions, revealing that triflate (the least interacting anion) induces a contraction in the protein size that reduces the barrier to unfolding. Robust frameworks such as this are critical to advancing non-aqueous biocatalysis and avoiding pitfalls associated with single-technique investigations.
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18
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Mukhopadhyay A, Mehra S, Kumar R, Maji SK, Krishnamoorthy G, Sharma KP. α-Synuclein Spontaneously Adopts Stable and Reversible α-Helical Structure in Water-Less Environment. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2783-2790. [PMID: 31515915 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A highly stable, spontaneous, and reversible α-helical-structure formation in recombinant and chemically modified α-synuclein protein is demonstrated for the first time in a water-less (1.5 % w/w H2 O) polymer surfactant environment. Using a combination of circular dichroism and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, we show that whilst native α-synuclein in aqueous solution shows a predominant unordered conformation (≈64 %), mixing with polyethylene glycol based anionic polymer surfactant (PS) and removing water reveals a 25 % unordered, 25 % α-helical, and 27 % β-sheet structure. Interestingly, bioconjugation of native α-synuclein with a diamine molecule, to increase the positive charge on the protein chain, and subsequent electrostatic coupling with the PS forms a conjugate with a retained unordered structure. Removal of water from this system provides a highly stable α-helical (≈74 %) water-less liquid system. Surprisingly, the α-helical-to-unordered state transition is completely reversible and is achieved at ≈25-30 w/w% of water in the system. Moreover, the α-helix shows an extraordinary temporal stability (>6 months) in a waterless environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anasua Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-, 400076, INDIA
| | - Surabhi Mehra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-, 400076, INDIA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-, 400076, INDIA
| | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-, 400076, INDIA
| | - G Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai-, 600025, INDIA
| | - Kamendra P Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-, 400076, INDIA
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19
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Pedersen JN, Zhou Y, Guo Z, Pérez B. Genetic and chemical approaches for surface charge engineering of enzymes and their applicability in biocatalysis: A review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1795-1812. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ye Zhou
- Department of EngineeringAarhus UniversityAarhus Denmark
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of EngineeringAarhus UniversityAarhus Denmark
| | - Bianca Pérez
- AgrotechDanish Technological InstituteAarhus Denmark
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20
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Zhou Y, Jones NC, Nedergaard Pedersen J, Pérez B, Vrønning Hoffmann S, Vang Petersen S, Skov Pedersen J, Perriman A, Kristensen P, Gao R, Guo Z. Insight into the Structure and Activity of Surface-Engineered Lipase Biofluids. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1266-1272. [PMID: 30624001 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite a successful application of solvent-free liquid protein (biofluids) concept to a number of commercial enzymes, the technical advantages of enzyme biofluids as hyperthermal stable biocatalysts cannot be fully utilized as up to 90-99% of native activities are lost when enzymes were made into biofluids. With a two-step strategy (site-directed mutagenesis and synthesis of variant biofluids) on Bacillus subtilis lipase A (BsLA), we elucidated a strong dependency of structure and activity on the number and distribution of polymer surfactant binding sites on BsLA surface. Here, it is demonstrated that improved BsLA variants can be engineered via site-mutagenesis by a rational design, either with enhanced activity in aqueous solution in native form, or with improved physical property and increased activity in solvent-free system in the form of a protein liquid. This work answered some fundamental questions about the surface characteristics for construction of biofluids, useful for identifying new strategies for developing advantageous biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Nykola C Jones
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jannik Nedergaard Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Bianca Pérez
- Eknologisk institut, Kongsvang Allé 29, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Søren Vrønning Hoffmann
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Steen Vang Petersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Adam Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Peter Kristensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bayers Vej 7H, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Renjun Gao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
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21
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Brogan APS, Heldman N, Hallett JP, Belcher AM. Thermally robust solvent-free biofluids of M13 bacteriophage engineered for high compatibility with anhydrous ionic liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10752-10755. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04909f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soft materials typically lack structural complexity. Chemically modifying viruses can produce biomaterials with added functionality that overcome this limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P. S. Brogan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Nimrod Heldman
- Department of Biological Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
| | - Jason P. Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Angela M. Belcher
- Department of Biological Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
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22
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Huang Z, Qi P, Liu Y, Chai C, Wang Y, Song A, Hao J. Ionic-surfactants-based thermotropic liquid crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15256-15281. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02697e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ionic surfactants can be combined with various functional groups through electrostatic interaction, resulting in a series of thermotropic liquid crystals (TLCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
| | - Ping Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
| | - Chunxiao Chai
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
| | - Aixin Song
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry
- Shandong University
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan
- China
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23
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Non-aqueous homogenous biocatalytic conversion of polysaccharides in ionic liquids using chemically modified glucosidase. Nat Chem 2018; 10:859-865. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Mukhopadhyay A, Das T, Datta A, Sharma KP. Neat Protein–Polymer Surfactant Bioconjugates as Universal Solvents. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:943-950. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anasua Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Tarasankar Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anindya Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Kamendra P. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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25
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Cieplak AS. Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation: The importance of two-electron stabilizing interactions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180905. [PMID: 28922400 PMCID: PMC5603215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases are highly pleiomorphic and may adopt an all-α-helical fold in one environment, assemble into all-β-sheet or collapse into a coil in another, and rapidly polymerize in yet another one via divergent aggregation pathways that yield broad diversity of aggregates’ morphology. A thorough understanding of this behaviour may be necessary to develop a treatment for Alzheimer’s and related disorders. Unfortunately, our present comprehension of folding and misfolding is limited for want of a physicochemical theory of protein secondary and tertiary structure. Here we demonstrate that electronic configuration and hyperconjugation of the peptide amide bonds ought to be taken into account to advance such a theory. To capture the effect of polarization of peptide linkages on conformational and H-bonding propensity of the polypeptide backbone, we introduce a function of shielding tensors of the Cα atoms. Carrying no information about side chain-side chain interactions, this function nonetheless identifies basic features of the secondary and tertiary structure, establishes sequence correlates of the metamorphic and pH-driven equilibria, relates binding affinities and folding rate constants to secondary structure preferences, and manifests common patterns of backbone density distribution in amyloidogenic regions of Alzheimer’s amyloid β and tau, Parkinson’s α-synuclein and prions. Based on those findings, a split-intein like mechanism of molecular recognition is proposed to underlie dimerization of Aβ, tau, αS and PrPC, and divergent pathways for subsequent association of dimers are outlined; a related mechanism is proposed to underlie formation of PrPSc fibrils. The model does account for: (i) structural features of paranuclei, off-pathway oligomers, non-fibrillar aggregates and fibrils; (ii) effects of incubation conditions, point mutations, isoform lengths, small-molecule assembly modulators and chirality of solid-liquid interface on the rate and morphology of aggregation; (iii) fibril-surface catalysis of secondary nucleation; and (iv) self-propagation of infectious strains of mammalian prions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Stanisław Cieplak
- Department of Chemistry, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Liu K, Ma C, Göstl R, Zhang L, Herrmann A. Liquefaction of Biopolymers: Solvent-free Liquids and Liquid Crystals from Nucleic Acids and Proteins. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:1212-1221. [PMID: 28474899 PMCID: PMC5438196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Biomacromolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins,
and virus particles, are persistent molecular entities with dimensions
that exceed the range of their intermolecular forces hence undergoing
degradation by thermally induced bond-scission upon heating. Consequently,
for this type of molecule, the absence of a liquid phase can be regarded
as a general phenomenon. However, certain advantageous properties
usually associated with the liquid state of matter, such as processability,
flowability, or molecular mobility, are highly sought-after features
for biomacromolecules in a solvent-free environment. Here, we provide
an overview over the design principles and synthetic pathways to obtain
solvent-free liquids of biomacromolecular architectures approaching
the topic from our own perspective of research. We will highlight
the milestones in synthesis, including a recently developed general
surfactant complexation method applicable to a large variety of biomacromolecules
as well as other synthetic principles granting access to electrostatically
complexed proteins and DNA. These synthetic pathways retain
the function and structure of the biomacromolecules even under extreme,
nonphysiological conditions at high temperatures in water-free melts
challenging the existing paradigm on the role of hydration in structural
biology. Under these conditions, the resulting complexes reveal their
true potential for previously unthinkable applications. Moreover,
these protocols open a pathway toward the assembly of anisotropic
architectures, enabling the formation of solvent-free biomacromolecular
thermotropic liquid crystals. These ordered biomaterials exhibit vastly
different mechanical properties when compared to the individual building
blocks. Beyond the preparative aspects, we will shine light on the
unique potential applications and technologies resulting from solvent-free
biomacromolecular fluids: From charge transport in dehydrated liquids
to DNA electrochromism to biocatalysis in the absence of a protein
hydration shell. Moreover, solvent-free biological liquids containing
viruses can be used as novel storage and process media serving as
a formulation technology for the delivery of highly concentrated bioactive
compounds. We are confident that this new class of hybrid biomaterials
will fuel further studies and applications of biomacromolecules beyond
water and other solvents and in a much broader context than just the
traditional physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory
of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022 Changchun, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lei Zhang
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Slocik JM, McKenzie R, Dennis PB, Naik RR. Creation of energetic biothermite inks using ferritin liquid protein. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15156. [PMID: 28447665 PMCID: PMC5414172 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Energetic liquids function mainly as fuels due to low energy densities and slow combustion kinetics. Consequently, these properties can be significantly increased through the addition of metal nanomaterials such as aluminium. Unfortunately, nanoparticle additives are restricted to low mass fractions in liquids because of increased viscosities and severe particle agglomeration. Nanoscale protein ionic liquids represent multifunctional solvent systems that are well suited to overcoming low mass fractions of nanoparticles, producing stable nanoparticle dispersions and simultaneously offering a source of oxidizing agents for combustion of reactive nanomaterials. Here, we use iron oxide-loaded ferritin proteins to create a stable and highly energetic liquid composed of aluminium nanoparticles and ferritin proteins for printing and forming 3D shapes and structures. In total, this bioenergetic liquid exhibits increased energy output and performance, enhanced dispersion and oxidation stability, lower activation temperatures, and greater processability and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Slocik
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Ruel McKenzie
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Patrick B Dennis
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Rajesh R Naik
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA
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28
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Ghosh A, Nakanishi T. Frontiers of solvent-free functional molecular liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:10344-10357. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05883g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The breakthrough of functional molecular liquids (FMLs) in cutting-edge research and their fundamental liquid features on the basis of molecular architectures are highlighted in this Feature Article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Ghosh
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Takashi Nakanishi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
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29
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Risbridger TAG, Watkins DW, Armstrong JPK, Perriman AW, Anderson JLR, Fermin DJ. Effect of Bioconjugation on the Reduction Potential of Heme Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3485-3492. [PMID: 27650815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The modification of protein surfaces employing cationic and anionic species enables the assembly of these biomaterials into highly sophisticated hierarchical structures. Such modifications can allow bioconjugates to retain or amplify their functionalities under conditions in which their native structure would be severely compromised. In this work, we assess the effect of this type of bioconjugation on the redox properties of two model heme proteins, that is, cytochrome c (CytC) and myoglobin (Mb). In particular, the work focuses on the sequential modification by 3-dimethylamino propylamine (DMAPA) and 4-nonylphenyl 3-sulfopropyl ether (S1) anionic surfactant. Bioconjugation with DMAPA and S1 are the initial steps in the generation of pure liquid proteins, which remain active in the absence of water and up to temperatures above 150 °C. Thin-layer spectroelectrochemistry reveals that DMAPA cationization leads to a distribution of bioconjugate structures featuring reduction potentials shifted up to 380 mV more negative than the native proteins. Analysis based on circular dichroism, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and zeta potential measurements suggest that the shift in the reduction potentials are not linked to protein denaturation, but to changes in the spin state of the heme. These alterations of the spin states originate from subtle structural changes induced by DMAPA attachment. Interestingly, electrostatic coupling of anionic surfactant S1 shifts the reduction potential closer to that of the native protein, demonstrating that the modifications of the heme electronic configuration are linked to surface charges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David J Fermin
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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30
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Brogan APS, Hallett JP. Solubilizing and Stabilizing Proteins in Anhydrous Ionic Liquids through Formation of Protein-Polymer Surfactant Nanoconstructs. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4494-501. [PMID: 26976718 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nonaqueous biocatalysis is rapidly becoming a desirable tool for chemical and fuel synthesis in both the laboratory and industry. Similarly, ionic liquids are increasingly popular anhydrous reaction media for a number of industrial processes. Consequently, the use of enzymes in ionic liquids as efficient, environment-friendly, commercial biocatalysts is highly attractive. However, issues surrounding the poor solubility and low stability of enzymes in truly anhydrous media remain a significant challenge. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that engineering the surface of a protein to yield protein-polymer surfactant nanoconstructs allows for dissolution of dry protein into dry ionic liquids. Using myoglobin as a model protein, we show that this method can deliver protein molecules with near native structure into both hydrophilic and hydrophobic anhydrous ionic liquids. Remarkably, using temperature-dependent synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy to measure half-denaturation temperatures, our results show that protein stability increases by 55 °C in the ionic liquid as compared to aqueous solution, pushing the solution thermal denaturation beyond the boiling point of water. Therefore, the work presented herein could provide a platform for the realization of biocatalysis at high temperatures or in anhydrous solvent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P S Brogan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Jason P Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
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31
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Sharma KP, Risbridger T, Bradley K, Perriman AW, Fermin DJ, Mann S. High-Temperature Electrochemistry of a Solvent-Free Myoglobin Melt. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Abstract
A new phase of material that challenges the established paradigms.
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33
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Brogan APS, Sessions RB, Perriman AW, Mann S. Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveal a Dielectric-Responsive Coronal Structure in Protein–Polymer Surfactant Hybrid Nanoconstructs. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:16824-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ja507592b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex P. S. Brogan
- Centre
for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | | | - Adam W. Perriman
- Centre
for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - Stephen Mann
- Centre
for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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34
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Enzyme activity in liquid lipase melts as a step towards solvent-free biology at 150 °C. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5058. [PMID: 25284507 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Water molecules play a number of critical roles in enzyme catalysis, including mass transfer of substrates and products, nucleophilicity and proton transfer at the active site, and solvent shell-mediated dynamics for accessing catalytically competent conformations. The pervasiveness of water in enzymolysis therefore raises the question concerning whether biocatalysis can be undertaken in the absence of a protein hydration shell. Lipase-mediated catalysis has been undertaken with reagent-based solvents and lyophilized powders, but there are no examples of molecularly dispersed enzymes that catalyse reactions at sub-solvation levels within solvent-free melts. Here we describe the synthesis, properties and enzyme activity of self-contained reactive biofluids based on solvent-free melts of lipase-polymer surfactant nanoconjugates. Desiccated substrates in liquid (p-nitrophenyl butyrate) or solid (p-nitrophenyl palmitate) form can be mixed or solubilized, respectively, into the enzyme biofluids, and hydrolysed in the solvent-free state. Significantly, the efficiency of product formation increases as the temperature is raised to 150 °C.
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35
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Sharma KP, Zhang Y, Thomas MR, Brogan APS, Perriman AW, Mann S. Self-Organization of Glucose Oxidase–Polymer Surfactant Nanoconstructs in Solvent-Free Soft Solids and Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:11573-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507566u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamendra P. Sharma
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry
and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, ‡Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, and §School of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Yixiong Zhang
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry
and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, ‡Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, and §School of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R. Thomas
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry
and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, ‡Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, and §School of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Alex P. S. Brogan
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry
and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, ‡Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, and §School of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry
and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, ‡Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, and §School of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Mann
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry
and Centre for Protolife Research,
School of Chemistry, ‡Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, and §School of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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36
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Sadavarte RH, Ghosh R. A Thermal-Cycling Method for Disaggregating Monoclonal Antibody Oligomers. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:870-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Sharma KP, Bradley K, Brogan APS, Mann S, Perriman AW, Fermin DJ. Redox Transitions in an Electrolyte-Free Myoglobin Fluid. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18311-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4104606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamendra P. Sharma
- School
of Chemistry, Cantocks Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Kieren Bradley
- School
of Chemistry, Cantocks Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Alex P. S. Brogan
- School
of Chemistry, Cantocks Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Mann
- School
of Chemistry, Cantocks Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School
of Chemistry, Cantocks Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Fermin
- School
of Chemistry, Cantocks Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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38
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Brogan APS, Sharma KP, Perriman AW, Mann S. Isolation of a highly reactive β-sheet-rich intermediate of lysozyme in a solvent-free liquid phase. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8400-7. [PMID: 23790147 DOI: 10.1021/jp4041524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The thermal denaturation of solvent-free liquid lysozyme at temperatures in excess of 200 °C was studied by synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy. Temperature-dependent changes in the secondary structure were used to map the equilibrium denaturation pathway and characterize a reactive β-sheet-rich unfolding intermediate that was stable in the solvent-free liquid phase under anhydrous conditions but which underwent irreversible aggregation in the presence of water. The unfolding intermediate had a transition temperature of 78 °C and was extremely stable to temperature, eventually reaching the fully denatured state at 178 °C. We propose that the three-stage denaturation pathway arises from the decreased stability of the native state due to the absence of any appreciable hydrophobic effect, along with an entropically derived stabilization of the reactive intermediate associated with molecular crowding in the solvent-free liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P S Brogan
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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39
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Sharma KP, Collins AM, Perriman AW, Mann S. Enzymatically active self-standing protein-polymer surfactant films prepared by hierarchical self-assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:2005-10. [PMID: 23381887 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201204161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked protein-polymer surfactant films consisting of enzymatically active hybrid nanoclusters are prepared using a novel approach based on electrostatically mediated hierarchical self-assembly. The free-standing films are structurally robust, highly hydrophilic, and exhibit sustained fluorescence or recyclable enzymatic phosphatase or oxido-reductase behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamendra P Sharma
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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40
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Santhosh Babu S, Nakanishi T. Nonvolatile functional molecular liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9373-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45192e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Gallat FX, Brogan APS, Fichou Y, McGrath N, Moulin M, Härtlein M, Combet J, Wuttke J, Mann S, Zaccai G, Jackson CJ, Perriman AW, Weik M. A Polymer Surfactant Corona Dynamically Replaces Water in Solvent-Free Protein Liquids and Ensures Macromolecular Flexibility and Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13168-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303894g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François-Xavier Gallat
- Institut de
Biologie Structurale, Comissariat à l’Energie Atomique, F-38054
Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Alex P. S. Brogan
- Center for Organized Matter
Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Yann Fichou
- Institut de
Biologie Structurale, Comissariat à l’Energie Atomique, F-38054
Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nina McGrath
- Center for Organized Matter
Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Martine Moulin
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- ILL-EMBL Deuteration Laboratory, Partnership for Structural
Biology, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Michael Härtlein
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- ILL-EMBL Deuteration Laboratory, Partnership for Structural
Biology, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jérôme Combet
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Joachim Wuttke
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, JCNS at FRM II, Lichtenbergstrasse 1,
85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Stephen Mann
- Center for Organized Matter
Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Giuseppe Zaccai
- Institut de
Biologie Structurale, Comissariat à l’Energie Atomique, F-38054
Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Colin J. Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- Center for Organized Matter
Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Martin Weik
- Institut de
Biologie Structurale, Comissariat à l’Energie Atomique, F-38054
Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- ESRF, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble
Cedex, France
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42
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Liu J, Bai S, Jin Q, Li C, Yang Q. Enhanced thermostability of enzymes accommodated in thermo-responsive nanopores. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21026f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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