1
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Harris AG, Schot V, Carrabba M, Iacobazzi D, Ghorbel MT, Armstrong JPK, Perriman AW, Caputo M, Biglino G, Bartoli-Leonard F. Protocol to decellularize porcine right ventricular outflow tracts using a 3D printed flow chamber. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102899. [PMID: 38367231 PMCID: PMC10879797 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment of pediatric congenital heart disease with tissue grafts is a lifesaving intervention. Decellularization to reduce immunogenicity of tissue grafts is an increasingly popular alternative to glutaraldehyde fixation. Here, we present a protocol to decellularize porcine right ventricular outflow tracts using a 3D printed flow chamber. We describe steps for 3D printing the flow rig, preparing porcine tissue, and using the flow rig to utilize shear forces for decellularization. We then detail procedures for characterizing the acellular scaffold. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Vafaee et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy G Harris
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK.
| | - Vico Schot
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK
| | - Michele Carrabba
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK
| | - Dominga Iacobazzi
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK
| | - Mohamed T Ghorbel
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Massimo Caputo
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK; Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK
| | - Giovanni Biglino
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK; Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, WC1N 3JH London, UK
| | - Francesca Bartoli-Leonard
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS2 8HW Bristol, UK; Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK.
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2
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Ritzau-Reid KI, Callens SJP, Xie R, Cihova M, Reumann D, Grigsby CL, Prados-Martin L, Wang R, Moore AC, Armstrong JPK, Knoblich JA, Stevens MM. Microfibrous Scaffolds Guide Stem Cell Lumenogenesis and Brain Organoid Engineering. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2300305. [PMID: 37572376 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
3D organoids are widely used as tractable in vitro models capable of elucidating aspects of human development and disease. However, the manual and low-throughput culture methods, coupled with a low reproducibility and geometric heterogeneity, restrict the scope and application of organoid research. Combining expertise from stem cell biology and bioengineering offers a promising approach to address some of these limitations. Here, melt electrospinning writing is used to generate tuneable grid scaffolds that can guide the self-organization of pluripotent stem cells into patterned arrays of embryoid bodies. Grid geometry is shown to be a key determinant of stem cell self-organization, guiding the position and size of emerging lumens via curvature-controlled tissue growth. Two distinct methods for culturing scaffold-grown embryoid bodies into either interconnected or spatially discrete cerebral organoids are reported. These scaffolds provide a high-throughput method to generate, culture, and analyze large numbers of organoids, substantially reducing the time investment and manual labor involved in conventional methods of organoid culture. It is anticipated that this methodological development will open up new opportunities for guiding pluripotent stem cell culture, studying lumenogenesis, and generating large numbers of uniform organoids for high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja I Ritzau-Reid
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sebastien J P Callens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ruoxiao Xie
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Martina Cihova
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daniel Reumann
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Christopher L Grigsby
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Lino Prados-Martin
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Richard Wang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Axel C Moore
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Juergen A Knoblich
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
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3
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Armstrong JPK. Tissue Engineering Cartilage with Deep Zone Cytoarchitecture by High-Resolution Acoustic Cell Patterning. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200481. [PMID: 35815530 PMCID: PMC7614068 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The ultimate objective of tissue engineering is to fabricate artificial living constructs with a structural organization and function that faithfully resembles their native tissue counterparts. For example, the deep zone of articular cartilage possesses a distinctive anisotropic architecture with chondrocytes organized in aligned arrays ≈1-2 cells wide, features that are oriented parallel to surrounding extracellular matrix fibers and orthogonal to the underlying subchondral bone. Although there are major advances in fabricating custom tissue architectures, it remains a significant technical challenge to precisely recreate such fine cellular features in vitro. Here, it is shown that ultrasound standing waves can be used to remotely organize living chondrocytes into high-resolution anisotropic arrays, distributed throughout the full volume of agarose hydrogels. It is demonstrated that this cytoarchitecture is maintained throughout a five-week course of in vitro tissue engineering, producing hyaline cartilage with cellular and extracellular matrix organization analogous to the deep zone of native articular cartilage. It is anticipated that this acoustic cell patterning method will provide unprecedented opportunities to interrogate in vitro the contribution of chondrocyte organization to the development of aligned extracellular matrix fibers, and ultimately, the design of new mechanically anisotropic tissue grafts for articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. K. Armstrong
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol Bristol BS1 3NY, UK; Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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4
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Armstrong JPK, de Lázaro I, Kirkland NJ, Poon W, Sindhwani S. Community-driven online initiatives have reshaped scientific engagement. Nat Rev Mater 2021; 6:963-965. [PMID: 34642608 PMCID: PMC8498762 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00384-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Scientists have reacted to COVID-19 restrictions by organizing virtual seminars and journal clubs to maintain engagement. We reflect on our experiences and lessons learned from organizing such initiatives and highlight how, far from being temporary substitutes of in-person counterparts, they can help foster more diverse, inclusive and environmentally friendly scientific exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene de Lázaro
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Natalie J. Kirkland
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Wilson Poon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Shrey Sindhwani
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
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5
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Armstrong JPK, Keane TJ, Roques AC, Patrick PS, Mooney CM, Kuan WL, Pisupati V, Oreffo ROC, Stuckey DJ, Watt FM, Forbes SJ, Barker RA, Stevens MM. A blueprint for translational regenerative medicine. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/572/eaaz2253. [PMID: 33268507 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have produced a large number of proof-of-concept studies in regenerative medicine. However, the route to clinical adoption is fraught with technical and translational obstacles that frequently consign promising academic solutions to the so-called "valley of death." Here, we present a proposed blueprint for translational regenerative medicine. We offer principles to help guide the selection of cells and materials, present key in vivo imaging modalities, and argue that the host immune response should be considered throughout design and development. Last, we suggest a pathway to navigate the often complex regulatory and manufacturing landscape of translational regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. .,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Timothy J Keane
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anne C Roques
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - P Stephen Patrick
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Claire M Mooney
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Wei-Li Kuan
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Venkat Pisupati
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Daniel J Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. .,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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6
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Høgset H, Horgan CC, Armstrong JPK, Bergholt MS, Torraca V, Chen Q, Keane TJ, Bugeon L, Dallman MJ, Mostowy S, Stevens MM. In vivo biomolecular imaging of zebrafish embryos using confocal Raman spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6172. [PMID: 33268772 PMCID: PMC7710741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish embryos provide a unique opportunity to visualize complex biological processes, yet conventional imaging modalities are unable to access intricate biomolecular information without compromising the integrity of the embryos. Here, we report the use of confocal Raman spectroscopic imaging for the visualization and multivariate analysis of biomolecular information extracted from unlabeled zebrafish embryos. We outline broad applications of this method in: (i) visualizing the biomolecular distribution of whole embryos in three dimensions, (ii) resolving anatomical features at subcellular spatial resolution, (iii) biomolecular profiling and discrimination of wild type and ΔRD1 mutant Mycobacterium marinum strains in a zebrafish embryo model of tuberculosis and (iv) in vivo temporal monitoring of the wound response in living zebrafish embryos. Overall, this study demonstrates the application of confocal Raman spectroscopic imaging for the comparative bimolecular analysis of fully intact and living zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkon Høgset
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Conor C Horgan
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mads S Bergholt
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Craniofacial Development & Stem Cell Biology, Kings College London, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Vincenzo Torraca
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Qu Chen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Timothy J Keane
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Laurence Bugeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Margaret J Dallman
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Serge Mostowy
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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7
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Lin Y, Wojciechowski JP, Lee-Reeves C, Hachim D, Zhou K, Burdick JA, Stevens MM. Expanding and optimizing 3D bioprinting capabilities using complementary network bioinks. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eabc5529. [PMID: 32948593 PMCID: PMC7500929 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is the limited number of bioinks that fulfill the physicochemical requirements of printing while also providing a desirable environment for encapsulated cells. Here, we address this limitation by temporarily stabilizing bioinks with a complementary thermo-reversible gelatin network. This strategy enables the effective printing of biomaterials that would typically not meet printing requirements, with instrument parameters and structural output largely independent of the base biomaterial. This approach is demonstrated across a library of photocrosslinkable bioinks derived from natural and synthetic polymers, including gelatin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dextran, alginate, chitosan, heparin, and poly(ethylene glycol). A range of complex and heterogeneous structures are printed, including soft hydrogel constructs supporting the 3D culture of astrocytes. This highly generalizable methodology expands the palette of available bioinks, allowing the biofabrication of constructs optimized to meet the biological requirements of cell culture and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yiyang Lin
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan P Wojciechowski
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Charlotte Lee-Reeves
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daniel Hachim
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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8
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Li C, Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Stevens MM. Advances in the Fabrication of Biomaterials for Gradient Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:150-164. [PMID: 32650955 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural tissues and organs exhibit an array of spatial gradients, from the polarized neural tube during embryonic development to the osteochondral interface present at articulating joints. The strong structure-function relationships in these heterogeneous tissues have sparked intensive research into the development of methods that can replicate physiological gradients in engineered tissues. In this Review, we consider different gradients present in natural tissues and discuss their critical importance in functional tissue engineering. Using this basis, we consolidate the existing fabrication methods into four categories: additive manufacturing, component redistribution, controlled phase changes, and postmodification. We have illustrated this with recent examples, highlighted prominent trends in the field, and outlined a set of criteria and perspectives for gradient fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunching Li
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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9
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Lin Y, Stevens MM. Void-free 3D Bioprinting for In-situ Endothelialization and Microfluidic Perfusion. Adv Funct Mater 2020; 30:1909009. [PMID: 35677899 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two major challenges of 3D bioprinting are the retention of structural fidelity and efficient endothelialization for tissue vascularization. We address both of these issues by introducing a versatile 3D bioprinting strategy, in which a templating bioink is deposited layer-by-layer alongside a matrix bioink to establish void-free multimaterial structures. After crosslinking the matrix phase, the templating phase is sacrificed to create a well-defined 3D network of interconnected tubular channels. This void-free 3D printing (VF-3DP) approach circumvents the traditional concerns of structural collapse, deformation and oxygen inhibition, moreover, it can be readily used to print materials that are widely considered "unprintable". By pre-loading endothelial cells into the templating bioink, the inner surface of the channels can be efficiently cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer. This in-situ endothelialization method can be used to produce endothelium with a far greater uniformity than can be achieved using the conventional post-seeding approach. This VF-3DP approach can also be extended beyond tissue fabrication and towards customized hydrogel-based microfluidics and self-supported perfusable hydrogel constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Qu Chen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yiyang Lin
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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10
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Lin Y, Stevens MM. Void-free 3D Bioprinting for In-situ Endothelialization and Microfluidic Perfusion. Adv Funct Mater 2020; 30:1909009. [PMID: 35677899 PMCID: PMC7612826 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Two major challenges of 3D bioprinting are the retention of structural fidelity and efficient endothelialization for tissue vascularization. We address both of these issues by introducing a versatile 3D bioprinting strategy, in which a templating bioink is deposited layer-by-layer alongside a matrix bioink to establish void-free multimaterial structures. After crosslinking the matrix phase, the templating phase is sacrificed to create a well-defined 3D network of interconnected tubular channels. This void-free 3D printing (VF-3DP) approach circumvents the traditional concerns of structural collapse, deformation and oxygen inhibition, moreover, it can be readily used to print materials that are widely considered "unprintable". By pre-loading endothelial cells into the templating bioink, the inner surface of the channels can be efficiently cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer. This in-situ endothelialization method can be used to produce endothelium with a far greater uniformity than can be achieved using the conventional post-seeding approach. This VF-3DP approach can also be extended beyond tissue fabrication and towards customized hydrogel-based microfluidics and self-supported perfusable hydrogel constructs.
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11
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Seong H, Higgins SG, Penders J, Armstrong JPK, Crowder SW, Moore AC, Sero JE, Becce M, Stevens MM. Size-Tunable Nanoneedle Arrays for Influencing Stem Cell Morphology, Gene Expression, and Nuclear Membrane Curvature. ACS Nano 2020; 14:5371-5381. [PMID: 32330008 PMCID: PMC7254837 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
High-aspect-ratio nanostructures have emerged as versatile platforms for intracellular sensing and biomolecule delivery. Here, we present a microfabrication approach in which a combination of reactive ion etching protocols were used to produce high-aspect-ratio, nondegradable silicon nanoneedle arrays with tip diameters that could be finely tuned between 20 and 700 nm. We used these arrays to guide the long-term culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Notably, we used changes in the nanoneedle tip diameter to control the morphology, nuclear size, and F-actin alignment of interfaced hMSCs and to regulate the expression of nuclear lamina genes, Yes-associated protein (YAP) target genes, and focal adhesion genes. These topography-driven changes were attributed to signaling by Rho-family GTPase pathways, differences in the effective stiffness of the nanoneedle arrays, and the degree of nuclear membrane impingement, with the latter clearly visualized using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). Our approach to design high-aspect-ratio nanostructures will be broadly applicable to design biomaterials and biomedical devices used for long-term cell stimulation and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Seong
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Stuart G. Higgins
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Jelle Penders
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - James P. K. Armstrong
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Spencer W. Crowder
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Axel C. Moore
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Julia E. Sero
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Michele Becce
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K.
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12
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Abstract
Great strides have been taken towards the in vitro engineering of clinically relevant tissue constructs using the classic triad of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. In this perspective, we highlight ways in which these elements can be manipulated or stimulated using a fourth component: the application of remote fields. This arena has gained great momentum over the last few years, with a recent surge of interest in using magnetic, optical, and acoustic fields to guide the organization of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. We summarize recent developments and trends in this arena and then lay out a series of challenges that we believe, if met, could enable the widespread adoption of remote fields in mainstream tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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13
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Nele V, Schutt CE, Wojciechowski JP, Kit-Anan W, Doutch JJ, Armstrong JPK, Stevens MM. Ultrasound-Triggered Enzymatic Gelation. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1905914. [PMID: 31922627 PMCID: PMC7180077 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are formed using various triggers, including light irradiation, pH adjustment, heating, cooling, or chemical addition. Here, a new method for forming hydrogels is introduced: ultrasound-triggered enzymatic gelation. Specifically, ultrasound is used as a stimulus to liberate liposomal calcium ions, which then trigger the enzymatic activity of transglutaminase. The activated enzyme catalyzes the formation of fibrinogen hydrogels through covalent intermolecular crosslinking. The catalysis and gelation processes are monitored in real time and both the enzyme kinetics and final hydrogel properties are controlled by varying the initial ultrasound exposure time. This technology is extended to microbubble-liposome conjugates, which exhibit a stronger response to the applied acoustic field and are also used for ultrasound-triggered enzymatic hydrogelation. To the best of the knowledge, these results are the first instance in which ultrasound is used as a trigger for either enzyme catalysis or enzymatic hydrogelation. This approach is highly versatile and can be readily applied to different ion-dependent enzymes or gelation systems. Moreover, this work paves the way for the use of ultrasound as a remote trigger for in vivo hydrogelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Nele
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Carolyn E Schutt
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan P Wojciechowski
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Worrapong Kit-Anan
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James J Doutch
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 ODE, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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14
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Lin Y, Stevens MM. Void-free 3D Bioprinting for In-situ Endothelialization and Microfluidic Perfusion. Adv Funct Mater 2020; 30:1908349. [PMID: 33071714 PMCID: PMC7116187 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201908349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Two major challenges of 3D bioprinting are the retention of structural fidelity and efficient endothelialization for tissue vascularization. We address both of these issues by introducing a versatile 3D bioprinting strategy, in which a templating bioink is deposited layer-by-layer alongside a matrix bioink to establish void-free multimaterial structures. After crosslinking the matrix phase, the templating phase is sacrificed to create a well-defined 3D network of interconnected tubular channels. This void-free 3D printing (VF-3DP) approach circumvents the traditional concerns of structural collapse, deformation and oxygen inhibition, moreover, it can be readily used to print materials that are widely considered "unprintable". By pre-loading endothelial cells into the templating bioink, the inner surface of the channels can be efficiently cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer. This in-situ endothelialization method can be used to produce endothelium with a far greater uniformity than can be achieved using the conventional post-seeding approach. This VF-3DP approach can also be extended beyond tissue fabrication and towards customized hydrogel-based microfluidics and self-supported perfusable hydrogel constructs.
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15
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Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT History has shown us how tissue engineering can be advanced by embracing technological innovation. In this perspective, we highlight some of the most promising emerging technologies and discuss how they can be integrated into existing tissue engineering protocols. The proposed technologies offer the opportunity to reshape how we currently design, engineer, and characterize tissue grafts for improved in vivo regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Gopal S, Chiappini C, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Serio A, Hsu CC, Meinert C, Klein TJ, Hutmacher DW, Rothery S, Stevens MM. Immunogold FIB-SEM: Combining Volumetric Ultrastructure Visualization with 3D Biomolecular Analysis to Dissect Cell-Environment Interactions. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1900488. [PMID: 31197896 PMCID: PMC6778054 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric imaging techniques capable of correlating structural and functional information with nanoscale resolution are necessary to broaden the insight into cellular processes within complex biological systems. The recent emergence of focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) has provided unparalleled insight through the volumetric investigation of ultrastructure; however, it does not provide biomolecular information at equivalent resolution. Here, immunogold FIB-SEM, which combines antigen labeling with in situ FIB-SEM imaging, is developed in order to spatially map ultrastructural and biomolecular information simultaneously. This method is applied to investigate two different cell-material systems: the localization of histone epigenetic modifications in neural stem cells cultured on microstructured substrates and the distribution of nuclear pore complexes in myoblasts differentiated on a soft hydrogel surface. Immunogold FIB-SEM offers the potential for broad applicability to correlate structure and function with nanoscale resolution when addressing questions across cell biology, biomaterials, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahana Gopal
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ciro Chiappini
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Qu Chen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrea Serio
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Chia-Chen Hsu
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christoph Meinert
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Travis J Klein
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Stephen Rothery
- Facility for Light Microscopy, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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17
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Li C, Ouyang L, Pence IJ, Moore AC, Lin Y, Winter CW, Armstrong JPK, Stevens MM. Buoyancy-Driven Gradients for Biomaterial Fabrication and Tissue Engineering. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1900291. [PMID: 30844123 PMCID: PMC6606439 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The controlled fabrication of gradient materials is becoming increasingly important as the next generation of tissue engineering seeks to produce inhomogeneous constructs with physiological complexity. Current strategies for fabricating gradient materials can require highly specialized materials or equipment and cannot be generally applied to the wide range of systems used for tissue engineering. Here, the fundamental physical principle of buoyancy is exploited as a generalized approach for generating materials bearing well-defined compositional, mechanical, or biochemical gradients. Gradient formation is demonstrated across a range of different materials (e.g., polymers and hydrogels) and cargos (e.g., liposomes, nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, macromolecules, and small molecules). As well as providing versatility, this buoyancy-driven gradient approach also offers speed (<1 min) and simplicity (a single injection) using standard laboratory apparatus. Moreover, this technique is readily applied to a major target in complex tissue engineering: the osteochondral interface. A bone morphogenetic protein 2 gradient, presented across a gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel laden with human mesenchymal stem cells, is used to locally stimulate osteogenesis and mineralization in order to produce integrated osteochondral tissue constructs. The versatility and accessibility of this fabrication platform should ensure widespread applicability and provide opportunities to generate other gradient materials or interfacial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunching Li
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac J. Pence
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Axel C. Moore
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Yiyang Lin
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Charles W. Winter
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - James P. K. Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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18
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Armstrong JPK, Maynard SA, Pence IJ, Franklin AC, Drinkwater BW, Stevens MM. Spatiotemporal quantification of acoustic cell patterning using Voronoï tessellation. Lab Chip 2019; 19:562-573. [PMID: 30667009 PMCID: PMC6386121 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01108g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic patterning using ultrasound standing waves has recently emerged as a potent biotechnology enabling the remote generation of ordered cell systems. This capability has opened up exciting opportunities, for example, in guiding the development of organoid cultures or the organization of complex tissues. The success of these studies is often contingent on the formation of tightly-packed and uniform cell arrays; however, a number of factors can act to disrupt or prevent acoustic patterning. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the quality of acoustically-patterned cell populations. In this report we use a mathematical approach, known as Voronoï tessellation, to generate a series of metrics that can be used to measure the effect of cell concentration, pressure amplitude, ultrasound frequency and biomaterial viscosity upon the quality of acoustically-patterned cell systems. Moreover, we extend this approach towards the characterization of spatiotemporal processes, namely, the acoustic patterning of cell suspensions and the migration of patterned, adherent cell clusters. This strategy is simple, unbiased and highly informative, and we anticipate that the methods described here will provide a systematic framework for all stages of acoustic patterning, including the robust quality control of devices, statistical comparison of patterning conditions, the quantitative exploration of parameter limits and the ability to track patterned tissue formation over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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19
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Armstrong JPK, Puetzer JL, Serio A, Guex AG, Kapnisi M, Breant A, Zong Y, Assal V, Skaalure SC, King O, Murty T, Meinert C, Franklin AC, Bassindale PG, Nichols MK, Terracciano CM, Hutmacher DW, Drinkwater BW, Klein TJ, Perriman AW, Stevens MM. Engineering Anisotropic Muscle Tissue using Acoustic Cell Patterning. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1802649. [PMID: 30277617 PMCID: PMC6386124 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has offered unique opportunities for disease modeling and regenerative medicine; however, the success of these strategies is dependent on faithful reproduction of native cellular organization. Here, it is reported that ultrasound standing waves can be used to organize myoblast populations in material systems for the engineering of aligned muscle tissue constructs. Patterned muscle engineered using type I collagen hydrogels exhibits significant anisotropy in tensile strength, and under mechanical constraint, produced microscale alignment on a cell and fiber level. Moreover, acoustic patterning of myoblasts in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels significantly enhances myofibrillogenesis and promotes the formation of muscle fibers containing aligned bundles of myotubes, with a width of 120-150 µm and a spacing of 180-220 µm. The ability to remotely pattern fibers of aligned myotubes without any material cues or complex fabrication procedures represents a significant advance in the field of muscle tissue engineering. In general, these results are the first instance of engineered cell fibers formed from the differentiation of acoustically patterned cells. It is anticipated that this versatile methodology can be applied to many complex tissue morphologies, with broader relevance for spatially organized cell cultures, organoid development, and bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jennifer L Puetzer
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrea Serio
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anne Géraldine Guex
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Michaella Kapnisi
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexandre Breant
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yifan Zong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Valentine Assal
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Stacey C Skaalure
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Oisín King
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Tara Murty
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Christoph Meinert
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Amanda C Franklin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Philip G Bassindale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Madeleine K Nichols
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Bruce W Drinkwater
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Travis J Klein
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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20
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Graham AD, Olof SN, Burke MJ, Armstrong JPK, Mikhailova EA, Nicholson JG, Box SJ, Szele FG, Perriman AW, Bayley H. High-Resolution Patterned Cellular Constructs by Droplet-Based 3D Printing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7004. [PMID: 28765636 PMCID: PMC5539110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is an emerging technique for the fabrication of living tissues that allows cells to be arranged in predetermined three-dimensional (3D) architectures. However, to date, there are limited examples of bioprinted constructs containing multiple cell types patterned at high-resolution. Here we present a low-cost process that employs 3D printing of aqueous droplets containing mammalian cells to produce robust, patterned constructs in oil, which were reproducibly transferred to culture medium. Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and ovine mesenchymal stem cells (oMSCs) were printed at tissue-relevant densities (107 cells mL-1) and a high droplet resolution of 1 nL. High-resolution 3D geometries were printed with features of ≤200 μm; these included an arborised cell junction, a diagonal-plane junction and an osteochondral interface. The printed cells showed high viability (90% on average) and HEK cells within the printed structures were shown to proliferate under culture conditions. Significantly, a five-week tissue engineering study demonstrated that printed oMSCs could be differentiated down the chondrogenic lineage to generate cartilage-like structures containing type II collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam N Olof
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Madeline J Burke
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - James G Nicholson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Stuart J Box
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Hagan Bayley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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21
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Burke M, Armstrong JPK, Goodwin A, Deller RC, Carter BM, Harniman RL, Ginwalla A, Ting VP, Davis SA, Perriman AW. Regulation of Scaffold Cell Adhesion Using Artificial Membrane Binding Proteins. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [PMID: 28233419 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The rapid pace of development in biotechnology has placed great importance on controlling cell-material interactions. In practice, this involves attempting to decouple the contributions from adhesion molecules, cell membrane receptors, and scaffold surface chemistry and morphology, which is extremely challenging. Accordingly, a strategy is presented in which different chemical, biochemical, and morphological properties of 3D biomaterials are systematically varied to produce novel scaffolds with tuneable cell affinities. Specifically, cationized and surfactant-conjugated proteins, recently shown to have non-native membrane affinity, are covalently attached to 3D scaffolds of collagen or carboxymethyl-dextran, yielding surface-functionalized 3D architectures with predictable cell immobilization profiles. The artificial membrane-binding proteins enhance cellular adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) via electrostatic and hydrophobic binding mechanisms. Furthermore, functionalizing the 3D scaffolds with cationized or surfactant-conjugated myoglobin prevents a slowdown in proliferation of seeded hMSCs cultured for seven days under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Burke
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Andrew Goodwin
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Robert C Deller
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Benjamin M Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Robert L Harniman
- Chemical Imaging Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Aasiya Ginwalla
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Valeska P Ting
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Sean A Davis
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,Chemical Imaging Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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22
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Correia Carreira S, Armstrong JPK, Okuda M, Seddon AM, Perriman AW, Schwarzacher W. Synthesis of Cationized Magnetoferritin for Ultra-fast Magnetization of Cells. J Vis Exp 2016:54785. [PMID: 28060256 PMCID: PMC5226398 DOI: 10.3791/54785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Many important biomedical applications, such as cell imaging and remote manipulation, can be achieved by labeling cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Achieving sufficient cellular uptake of SPIONs is a challenge that has traditionally been met by exposing cells to elevated concentrations of SPIONs or by prolonging exposure times (up to 72 hr). However, these strategies are likely to mediate toxicity. Here, we present the synthesis of the protein-based SPION magnetoferritin as well as a facile surface functionalization protocol that enables rapid cell magnetization using low exposure concentrations. The SPION core of magnetoferritin consists of cobalt-doped iron oxide with an average particle diameter of 8.2 nm mineralized inside the cavity of horse spleen apo-ferritin. Chemical cationization of magnetoferritin produced a novel, highly membrane-active SPION that magnetized human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using incubation times as short as one minute and iron concentrations as lows as 0.2 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Okuda
- Self Assembly Group, CIC nanoGUNE; Ikebasque, Basque Foundation for Science
| | - Annela M Seddon
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol
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23
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Risbridger TAG, Watkins DW, Armstrong JPK, Perriman AW, Anderson JLR, Fermin DJ. Effect of Bioconjugation on the Reduction Potential of Heme Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3485-3492. [PMID: 27650815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The modification of protein surfaces employing cationic and anionic species enables the assembly of these biomaterials into highly sophisticated hierarchical structures. Such modifications can allow bioconjugates to retain or amplify their functionalities under conditions in which their native structure would be severely compromised. In this work, we assess the effect of this type of bioconjugation on the redox properties of two model heme proteins, that is, cytochrome c (CytC) and myoglobin (Mb). In particular, the work focuses on the sequential modification by 3-dimethylamino propylamine (DMAPA) and 4-nonylphenyl 3-sulfopropyl ether (S1) anionic surfactant. Bioconjugation with DMAPA and S1 are the initial steps in the generation of pure liquid proteins, which remain active in the absence of water and up to temperatures above 150 °C. Thin-layer spectroelectrochemistry reveals that DMAPA cationization leads to a distribution of bioconjugate structures featuring reduction potentials shifted up to 380 mV more negative than the native proteins. Analysis based on circular dichroism, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and zeta potential measurements suggest that the shift in the reduction potentials are not linked to protein denaturation, but to changes in the spin state of the heme. These alterations of the spin states originate from subtle structural changes induced by DMAPA attachment. Interestingly, electrostatic coupling of anionic surfactant S1 shifts the reduction potential closer to that of the native protein, demonstrating that the modifications of the heme electronic configuration are linked to surface charges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David J Fermin
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Armstrong JPK, Burke M, Carter BM, Davis SA, Perriman AW. 3D Bioprinting: 3D Bioprinting Using a Templated Porous Bioink (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 14/2016). Adv Healthc Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201670070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeline Burke
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1FD UK
| | - Benjamin M. Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Sean A. Davis
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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Armstrong JPK, Burke M, Carter BM, Davis SA, Perriman AW. 3D Bioprinting Using a Templated Porous Bioink. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:1724-30. [PMID: 27125336 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
3D tissue printing with adult stem cells is reported. A novel cell-containing multicomponent bioink is used in a two-step 3D printing process to engineer bone and cartilage architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeline Burke
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1FD UK
| | - Benjamin M. Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Sean A. Davis
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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26
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Correia Carreira S, Armstrong JPK, Seddon AM, Perriman AW, Hartley-Davies R, Schwarzacher W. Ultra-fast stem cell labelling using cationised magnetoferritin. Nanoscale 2016; 8:7474-7483. [PMID: 26822466 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07144e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic cell labelling with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) facilitates many important biotechnological applications, such as cell imaging and remote manipulation. However, to achieve adequate cellular loading of SPIONs, long incubation times (24 hours and more) or laborious surface functionalisation are often employed, which can adversely affect cell function. Here, we demonstrate that chemical cationisation of magnetoferritin produces a highly membrane-active nanoparticle that can magnetise human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using incubation times as short as one minute. Magnetisation persisted for several weeks in culture and provided significant T2* contrast enhancement during magnetic resonance imaging. Exposure to cationised magnetoferritin did not adversely affect the membrane integrity, proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation capacity of hMSCs, which provides the first detailed evidence for the biocompatibility of magnetoferritin. The combination of synthetic ease and flexibility, the rapidity of labelling and absence of cytotoxicity make this novel nanoparticle system an easily accessible and versatile platform for a range of cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Correia Carreira
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK. and H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
| | - J P K Armstrong
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - A M Seddon
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK. and H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
| | - A W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - R Hartley-Davies
- Bioengineering, Innovation, and Research Hub, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, St. Michael's Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK
| | - W Schwarzacher
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
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Armstrong JPK, Olof SN, Jakimowicz MD, Hollander AP, Mann S, Davis SA, Miles MJ, Patil AJ, Perriman AW. Cell paintballing using optically targeted coacervate microdroplets. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6106-6111. [PMID: 30090225 PMCID: PMC6054073 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a new approach for the directed delivery of biomolecular payloads to individual cells with high spatial precision. This was accomplished via active sequestration of proteins, oligonucleotides or molecular dyes into coacervate microdroplets, which were then delivered to specific regions of stem cell membranes using a dynamic holographic assembler, resulting in spontaneous coacervate microdroplet-membrane fusion. The facile preparation, high sequestration efficiency and inherent membrane affinity of the microdroplets make this novel "cell paintballing" technology a highly advantageous option for spatially-directed cell functionalization, with potential applications in single cell stimulation, transfection and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
| | - Sam N Olof
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
| | - Monika D Jakimowicz
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
| | - Anthony P Hollander
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
| | - Stephen Mann
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - Sean A Davis
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - Mervyn J Miles
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
| | - Avinash J Patil
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - Adam W Perriman
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research , School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . ;
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
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Armstrong JPK, Shakur R, Horne JP, Dickinson SC, Armstrong CT, Lau K, Kadiwala J, Lowe R, Seddon A, Mann S, Anderson JLR, Perriman AW, Hollander AP. Artificial membrane-binding proteins stimulate oxygenation of stem cells during engineering of large cartilage tissue. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7405. [PMID: 26080734 PMCID: PMC4557285 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Restricted oxygen diffusion can result in central cell necrosis in engineered tissue, a problem that is exacerbated when engineering large tissue constructs for clinical application. Here we show that pre-treating human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with synthetic membrane-active myoglobin-polymer–surfactant complexes can provide a reservoir of oxygen capable of alleviating necrosis at the centre of hyaline cartilage. This is achieved through the development of a new cell functionalization methodology based on polymer–surfactant conjugation, which allows the delivery of functional proteins to the hMSC membrane. This new approach circumvents the need for cell surface engineering using protein chimerization or genetic transfection, and we demonstrate that the surface-modified hMSCs retain their ability to proliferate and to undergo multilineage differentiation. The functionalization technology is facile, versatile and non-disruptive, and in addition to tissue oxygenation, it should have far-reaching application in a host of tissue engineering and cell-based therapies. Avoiding central cell necrosis at the centre of large engineered tissue constructs is an important issue for in vitro tissue engineering. Here, the authors demonstrate that this problem may be overcome by oxygenating human mesenchymal stem cells with artificial membrane-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1FD, UK.,Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Rameen Shakur
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.,Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK.,School of Dentistry and Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Fylde Road, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Joseph P Horne
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sally C Dickinson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Katherine Lau
- Renishaw plc, Spectroscopy Products Division, Wotton-Under-Edge GL12 7DW, UK
| | - Juned Kadiwala
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.,Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Robert Lowe
- The Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Annela Seddon
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1FD, UK.,HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Stephen Mann
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - Adam W Perriman
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Anthony P Hollander
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,Present address: Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Brown P, Khan AM, Armstrong JPK, Perriman AW, Butts CP, Eastoe J. Magnetizing DNA and proteins using responsive surfactants. Adv Mater 2012; 24:6244-6247. [PMID: 22945776 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA chains and their movement in solvent may now be controlled simply by surfactant binding and the switching "on" and "off" of a magnetic field adding a new paradigm to the study and control, condensation and manipulation of DNA (and other biomolecules). Such control is essential for biotechnological applications such as transfection and the regulation of gene suppression, as well as in materials science concerning soft molecular self-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brown
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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