1
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Davidson JJ, Gunther SO, Leong DW, Ozerov OV. Synthesis of fluorinated aminium cations coupled with carborane anions for use as strong one-electron oxidants. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16027-16031. [PMID: 37850380 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02127k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of a series of hydrocarbon-soluble triarylamines bearing F, CF3, and Br substituents showing quasi-reversible redox events in the 0.59-1.32 V range is reported. Chemical oxidation of the amines was carried out with 0.5PhI(OAc)2/Me3SiX/Na[RCB11Cl11] (X = Cl or OTf, R = H or Me), and a few aminium salts were isolated as pure solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian J Davidson
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
| | - S Olivia Gunther
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
| | - Derek W Leong
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
| | - Oleg V Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
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2
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Franz E, Stumm C, Waidhas F, Bertram M, Jevric M, Orrego-Hernández J, Hölzel H, Moth-Poulsen K, Brummel O, Libuda J. Tunable Energy Release in a Reversible Molecular Solar Thermal System. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanie Franz
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Corinna Stumm
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Fabian Waidhas
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Manon Bertram
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Martyn Jevric
- Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | | | - Helen Hölzel
- Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- The Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research & Advanced Studies, ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Olaf Brummel
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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3
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Leng A, Weiß C, Straßner N, Hirsch A. Reversible Photoinduced Conversion of Unprecedented Norbornadiene-Based Photoswitches with Redox-Active Naphthalene Diimide Functionalities. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201446. [PMID: 35776126 PMCID: PMC9796843 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented compound class of functional organic hybrids consisting of a photoswitchable norbornadiene building block and a redoxactive chromophore, namely naphthalene diimide, were designed and synthesized. Within these structures the capability of rylene chromophores to function as a redox active catalyst upon their photoexcitation was utilized to initiate the oxidative back-conversion of the in situ formed quadricyclane unit to its norbornadiene analogue. In this way successive photoexcitation at two different wavelengths enabled a controlled photoswitching between the two isomerical states of the hybrids. Beyond this prove of concept, the dependency of the reaction rate to the intramolecular distance of the two functional molecular building blocks as well as the concentration of the photoexcited sample was monitored. The experimental findings and interpretations were furthermore supported by quantum chemical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Leng
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Cornelius Weiß
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Nina Straßner
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
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4
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Asato R, Martin CJ, Nakashima T, Calupitan JP, Rapenne G, Kawai T. Energy Storage upon Photochromic 6-π Photocyclization and Efficient On-Demand Heat Release with Oxidation Stimuli. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11391-11398. [PMID: 34787418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic molecules display reversible isomerization reactions between two isomers accompanied by an exchange between heat and chemical potential. A considerable part of the absorbed light energy is stored in and released from the present E-type photochromic molecules, which undergo cyclization reactions under UV light excitation and backward reactions after application of oxidative stimuli. The photochromic nature, thermal stability, and cascade ring-opening reaction of the closed form isomers of eight photochromic terarylenes are studied, and energy storage efficiencies at a single wavelength, η, as high as 23% are experimentally demonstrated. Their efficient photochemical quantum yield for the cyclization reaction markedly contributes to the high energy storage efficiency as well as showing the capability of efficient cascade cycloreversion reactions. Spontaneous cycloreversion reactions are well-suppressed because the forbidden nature of the cycloreversion reaction gives rise to sufficient heat storage duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Asato
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Colin J Martin
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Jan Patrick Calupitan
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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5
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Li HB, Tebikachew BE, Wiberg C, Moth‐Poulsen K, Hihath J. A Memristive Element Based on an Electrically Controlled Single‐Molecule Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng B. Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Behabitu E. Tebikachew
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Cedrik Wiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Kasper Moth‐Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Joshua Hihath
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
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6
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Li HB, Tebikachew BE, Wiberg C, Moth‐Poulsen K, Hihath J. A Memristive Element Based on an Electrically Controlled Single‐Molecule Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11641-11646. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng B. Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Behabitu E. Tebikachew
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Cedrik Wiberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Kasper Moth‐Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Joshua Hihath
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
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7
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Bertram M, Waidhas F, Jevric M, Fromm L, Schuschke C, Kastenmeier M, Görling A, Moth-Poulsen K, Brummel O, Libuda J. Norbornadiene photoswitches anchored to well-defined oxide surfaces: From ultrahigh vacuum into the liquid and the electrochemical environment. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:044708. [PMID: 32007072 DOI: 10.1063/1.5137897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Employing molecular photoswitches, we can combine solar energy conversion, storage, and release in an extremely simple single molecule system. In order to release the stored energy as electricity, the photoswitch has to interact with a semiconducting electrode surface. In this work, we explore a solar-energy-storing model system, consisting of a molecular photoswitch anchored to an atomically defined oxide surface in a liquid electrolyte and under potential control. Previously, this model system has been proven to be operational under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. We used the tailor-made norbornadiene derivative 2-cyano-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)norbornadiene (CNBD) and characterized its photochemical and electrochemical properties in an organic electrolyte. Next, we assembled a monolayer of CNBD on a well-ordered Co3O4(111) surface by physical vapor deposition in UHV. This model interface was then transferred into the liquid electrolyte and investigated by photoelectrochemical infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy experiments. We demonstrate that the anchored monolayer of CNBD can be converted photochemically to its energy-rich counterpart 2-cyano-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)quadricyclane (CQC) under potential control. However, the reconversion potential of anchored CQC overlaps with the oxidation and decomposition potential of CNBD, which limits the electrochemically triggered reconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bertram
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Waidhas
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martyn Jevric
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lukas Fromm
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Schuschke
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kastenmeier
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olaf Brummel
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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8
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Brummel O, Waidhas F, Bauer U, Wu Y, Bochmann S, Steinrück HP, Papp C, Bachmann J, Libuda J. Photochemical Energy Storage and Electrochemically Triggered Energy Release in the Norbornadiene-Quadricyclane System: UV Photochemistry and IR Spectroelectrochemistry in a Combined Experiment. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:2819-2825. [PMID: 28565910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The two valence isomers norbornadiene (NBD) and quadricyclane (QC) enable solar energy storage in a single molecule system. We present a new photoelectrochemical infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PEC-IRRAS) experiment, which allows monitoring of the complete energy storage and release cycle by in situ vibrational spectroscopy. Both processes were investigated, the photochemical conversion from NBD to QC using the photosensitizer 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone (Michler's ketone, MK) and the electrochemically triggered cycloreversion from QC to NBD. Photochemical conversion was obtained with characteristic conversion times on the order of 500 ms. All experiments were performed under full potential control in a thin-layer configuration with a Pt(111) working electrode. The vibrational spectra of NBD, QC, and MK were analyzed in the fingerprint region, permitting quantitative analysis of the spectroscopic data. We determined selectivities for both the photochemical conversion and the electrochemical cycloreversion and identified the critical steps that limit the reversibility of the storage cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Brummel
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Fabian Waidhas
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Udo Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Bochmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Hans-Peter Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Christian Papp
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Deutschland
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9
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Massaad J, Micheau JC, Coudret C, Serpentini CL, Guirado G. Proton Catalysis in the Redox Responsivity of a Mini-Sized Photochromic Diarylethene. Chemistry 2013; 19:12435-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Massaad
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5623, IMRCP, 31062 Toulouse (France)
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil G. Connelly
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125
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11
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Hirao KI, Yokozawa T, Hasebe K, Yamashita A, Watanabe T, Hamada T. Reaction of electron-rich quadricyclane with p-benzoquinone derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)60909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Fessner WD, Murty BARC, Spurr PR, Pinkos R, Melder JP, Fritz H, Prinzbach H. The Pagodane Route to Dodecahedranes Directed Conversions – The Pagodane → Bissecododecahedradiene Stage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19921250727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Cooperative [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions in polyquadricyclanylidene [n]rotanes - model studies in tris-spiro(C7H6) systems. Tetrahedron Lett 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)96522-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Electro-oxidation of phenylindenes. Reaction dependence on theelectrolyte anion in non-nucleophilic solvents. Tetrahedron Lett 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)94866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Hammerich O, Parker VD. Kinetics and Mechanisms of Reactions of Organic Cation Radicals in Solution. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3160(08)60148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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