1
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Evtushenko EG, Gavrilina ES, Vasilyeva AD, Yurina LV, Kurochkin IN. Highly Sensitive Measurement of Horseradish Peroxidase Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of 2,3-Diaminophenazine. Molecules 2024; 29:793. [PMID: 38398545 PMCID: PMC10891785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of various enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) coupled with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection is a growing area in analytical chemistry due to their potentially high sensitivity. A SERS-based ELISA with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as an enzymatic label, an o-phenylenediamine (oPD) substrate, and a 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) enzymatic product was one of the first examples of such a system. However, the full capabilities of this long-known approach have yet to be revealed. The current study addresses a previously unrecognized problem of SERS detection stage performance. Using silver nanoparticles and model mixtures of oPD and DAP, the effects of the pH, the concentration of the aggregating agent, and the particle surface chloride stabilizer were extensively evaluated. At the optimal mildly acidic pH of 3, a 0.93 to 1 M citrate buffer, and AgNPs stabilized with 20 mM chloride, a two orders of magnitude advantage in the limits of detection (LODs) for SERS compared to colorimetry was demonstrated for both DAP and HRP. The resulting LOD for HRP of 0.067 pmol/L (1.3 amol per assay) underscores that the developed approach is a highly sensitive technique. We suppose that this improved detection system could become a useful tool for the development of SERS-based ELISA protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy G. Evtushenko
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygina Str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia (A.D.V.); (I.N.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta S. Gavrilina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygina Str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia (A.D.V.); (I.N.K.)
| | - Alexandra D. Vasilyeva
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygina Str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia (A.D.V.); (I.N.K.)
| | - Lyubov V. Yurina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygina Str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia (A.D.V.); (I.N.K.)
| | - Ilya N. Kurochkin
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygina Str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia (A.D.V.); (I.N.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Li T, Yang N, Pan X, Zhang X, Xu L. A portable microfluidic photometric detection method based on enzyme linked immunoscatter enhancement. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 244:115794. [PMID: 37918048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the combination of smart phones and microfluidic chips is a commonly used device for point-of-care testing (POCT) detection. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an effective way to detect specific proteins in disease. Because the detection accuracy of smartphone cameras is difficult to directly replace high-precision spectral devices, the combination of smartphones and ELISA has not been widely used. Therefore, this paper proposes a microfluidic photometric detection method based on ELISA scattering enhancement. Firstly, the scattering characteristics of IMB are mined, and the optimal value of absorbance error compensation parameter is obtained. Secondly, the absorbance error compensation model based on scattering enhancement characteristics is established to improve the image acquisition accuracy of smart phones. Finally, the microfluidic photometric detection chip is developed, and the optical path system, optical path adjustment system and POCT detection App of smart phone are designed. The optimal compensation parameters of IMB were obtained based on simulated samples, and the linearity of absorbance and concentration increased by 22.6% after compensation. In the IL-6 sample experiment, the detection results of the platform in this paper had a good linear correlation with IL-6 sample concentration, and the linear correlation coefficient was above 0.95459. At the same time, the detection limit and accuracy meet the detection requirements. Therefore, with the participation of smart phones and microfluidic chips, problems such as difficult carrying and complex operation in traditional ELISA daily detection have been solved, laying a foundation for the future promotion and application of ELISA based POCT platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongge Li
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lijia Xu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Hindi SS, Sabir JSM, Dawoud UM, Ismail IM, Asiry KA, Mirdad ZM, Abo-Elyousr KA, Shiboob MH, Gabal MA, Albureikan MOI, Alanazi RA, Ibrahim OHM. Nanocellulose-Based Passivated-Carbon Quantum Dots (P-CQDs) for Antimicrobial Applications: A Practical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2660. [PMID: 37376306 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Passivated-carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs) have been attracting great interest as an antimicrobial therapy tool due to their bright fluorescence, lack of toxicity, eco-friendly nature, simple synthetic schemes, and possession of photocatalytic functions comparable to those present in traditional nanometric semiconductors. Besides synthetic precursors, CQDs can be synthesized from a plethora of natural resources including microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). Converting MCC into NCC is performed chemically via the top-down route, while synthesizing CODs from NCC can be performed via the bottom-up route. Due to the good surface charge status with the NCC precursor, we focused in this review on synthesizing CQDs from nanocelluloses (MCC and NCC) since they could become a potential source for fabricating carbon quantum dots that are affected by pyrolysis temperature. There are several P-CQDs synthesized with a wide spectrum of featured properties, namely functionalized carbon quantum dots (F-CQDs) and passivated carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs). There are two different important P-CQDs, namely 2,2'-ethylenedioxy-bis-ethylamine (EDA-CQDs) and 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA-CQDs), that have achieved desirable results in the antiviral therapy field. Since NoV is the most common dangerous cause of nonbacterial, acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, this review deals with NoV in detail. The surficial charge status (SCS) of the P-CQDs plays an important role in their interactions with NoVs. The EDA-CQDs were found to be more effective than EPA-CQDs in inhibiting the NoV binding. This difference may be attributed to their SCS as well as the virus surface. EDA-CQDs with surficial terminal amino (-NH2) groups are positively charged at physiological pH (-NH3+), whereas EPA-CQDs with surficial terminal methyl groups (-CH3) are not charged. Since the NoV particles are negatively charged, they are attracted to the positively charged EDA-CQDs, resulting in enhancing the P-CQDs concentration around the virus particles. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were found to be comparable to the P-CQDs in the non-specific binding with NoV capsid proteins, through complementary charges, π-π stacking, and/or hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif S Hindi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uthman M Dawoud
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal M Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Asiry
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair M Mirdad
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal A Abo-Elyousr
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Shiboob
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Gabal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Othman I Albureikan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan A Alanazi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer H M Ibrahim
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Yang H, Ledesma-Amaro R, Gao H, Ren Y, Deng R. CRISPR-based biosensors for pathogenic biosafety. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115189. [PMID: 36893718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic biosafety is a worldwide concern. Tools for analyzing pathogenic biosafety, that are precise, rapid and field-deployable, are highly demanded. Recently developed biotechnological tools, especially those utilizing CRISPR/Cas systems which can couple with nanotechnologies, have enormous potential to achieve point-of-care (POC) testing for pathogen infection. In this review, we first introduce the working principle of class II CRISPR/Cas system for detecting nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid biomarkers, and highlight the molecular assays that leverage CRISPR technologies for POC detection. We summarize the application of CRISPR tools in detecting pathogens, including pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites and their variants, and highlight the profiling of pathogens' genotypes or phenotypes, such as the viability, and drug-resistance. In addition, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of CRISPR-based biosensors in pathogenic biosafety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yao Ren
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Ruijie Deng
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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5
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Tang Y, Song T, Gao L, Yin S, Ma M, Tan Y, Wu L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Lin T, Li F. A CRISPR-based ultrasensitive assay detects attomolar concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in clinical samples. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4667. [PMID: 35945418 PMCID: PMC9361972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR diagnostics are powerful tools for detecting nucleic acids but are generally not deployable for the detection of clinically important proteins. Here, we report an ultrasensitive CRISPR-based antibody detection (UCAD) assay that translates the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies into CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection in a homogeneous solution and is 10,000 times more sensitive than the classic immunoassays. Clinical validation using serum samples collected from the general population (n = 197), demonstrates that UCAD has 100% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity. With ultrahigh sensitivity, UCAD enables the quantitative analysis of serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 levels in vaccinated kidney transplant recipients who are shown to produce “undetectable” anti-SARS-CoV-2 using standard immunoassay. Because of the high sensitivity and simplicity, we anticipate that, upon further clinical validation against large cohorts of clinical samples, UCAD will find wide applications for clinical uses in both centralized laboratories and point-of-care settings. CRISPR diagnostics are routinely used for the detecting nucleic acids, but rarely for clinically important proteins. Here, by translating a CRISPR-based DNA test into an ultrasensitive assay for antibodies, the authors achieve antibody detection from serum samples at attomolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Turun Song
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Saifu Yin
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
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6
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Bhardwaj SK, Knaus T, Garcia A, Yan N, Mutti F. Bacterial Peroxidase on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Highly Sensitive H2O2 Detection. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200346. [PMID: 35723909 PMCID: PMC9543142 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidase enzymes enable the construction of electrochemical sensors for highly sensitive and selective quantitative detection of various molecules, pathogens and diseases. Herein, we describe the immobilization of a peroxidase from Bacillus s. (BsDyP) on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layers. XRD, SEM, AFM, FT‐IR and Raman characterization of the sensor confirmed its structural integrity and a higher enzyme surface occupancy. The BsDyP‐ERGO/ITO/PET electrode performed better than other horseradish peroxidase‐based electrodes, as evinced by an improved electrochemical response in the nanomolar range (linearity 0.05–280 μM of H2O2, LOD 32 nM). The bioelectrode was mechanically robust, active in the 3.5–6 pH range and exhibited no loss of activity upon storage for 8 weeks at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal K Bhardwaj
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam, van't hoff institute for molecular sciences, NETHERLANDS
| | - Tanja Knaus
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam, van't hoff institute for molecular sciences, NETHERLANDS
| | - Amanda Garcia
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam, van't hoff institute for molecular sciences, NETHERLANDS
| | - Ning Yan
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam, van't hoff institute for molecular sciences, NETHERLANDS
| | - Francesco Mutti
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
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7
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Babity S, Couture F, Campos EVR, Hedtrich S, Hagen R, Fehr D, Bonmarin M, Brambilla D. A Naked Eye-Invisible Ratiometric Fluorescent Microneedle Tattoo for Real-Time Monitoring of Inflammatory Skin Conditions. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102070. [PMID: 34921529 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The field of portable healthcare monitoring devices has an urgent need for the development of real-time, noninvasive sensing and detection methods for various physiological analytes. Currently, transdermal sensing techniques are severely limited in scope (i.e., measurement of heart rate or sweat composition), or else tend to be invasive, often needing to be performed in a clinical setting. This study proposes a minimally invasive alternative strategy, consisting of using dissolving polymeric microneedles to deliver naked eye-invisible functional fluorescent ratiometric microneedle tattoos directly to the skin for real-time monitoring and quantification of physiological and pathological parameters. Reactive oxygen species are overexpressed in the skin in association with various pathological conditions. Here, one demonstrates for the first time the microneedle-based delivery to the skin of active fluorescent sensors in the form of an invisible, ratiometric microneedle tattoo capable of sensing reactive oxygen species in a reconstructed human-based skin disease model, as well as an in vivo model of UV-induced dermal inflammation. One also elaborates a universal ratiometric quantification concept coupled with a custom-built, multiwavelength portable fluorescence detection system. Fully realized, this approach presents an opportunity for the minimally invasive monitoring of a broad range of physiological parameters through the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Babity
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université de Montréal C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre‐ville, Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Frédéric Couture
- TransBIOTech 201 Monseigneur‐Bourget Lévis Québec G6V 6Z9 Canada
- Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF) Université Laval, Québec Québec G1K 7P4 Canada
- Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de Chaudière‐Appalaches Lévis Québec G6E 3E2 Canada
| | - Estefânia V. R. Campos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of British Columbia 2405 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Human and Natural Sciences Center Federal University of ABC Santo Andre SP 09210‐580 Brazil
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of British Columbia 2405 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Raphael Hagen
- School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstrasse 9 Winterthur 8400 Switzerland
| | - Daniel Fehr
- School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstrasse 9 Winterthur 8400 Switzerland
| | - Mathias Bonmarin
- School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstrasse 9 Winterthur 8400 Switzerland
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université de Montréal C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre‐ville, Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
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8
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Dual amplification enabled counting based ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1198:339510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Lin X, Wang G, Ma L, Liu G. Study on Factors Affecting the Performance of a CRISPR/Cas-Assisted New Immunoassay: Detection of Salivary Insulin as an Example. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:752514. [PMID: 34858958 PMCID: PMC8632245 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.752514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas is now playing a significant role in biosensing applications, especially when the trans-cleavage activity of several Cas effectors is discovered. Taking advantages of both CRISPR/Cas and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in analytical and clinical investigations, CRISPR/Cas-powered ELISA has been successfully designed to detect a spectrum of analytes beyond nucleic acid. Herein, we developed a CRISPR/Cas12a-assisted new immunoassay (CANi) for detection of salivary insulin as an example. Specifically, factors (antibody selection, temperature, and assay time) affecting the CRISPR/Cas-based ELISA system's performance were investigated. It was observed that the concentration of blocking solution, selection of the capture antibody pairs, and the sequences of triggering ssDNA and guiding RNA affected this immunoassay sensitivity. In contrast, the preincubation of CRISPR/Cas12a working solution and pre-mixture of detection antibody with anti-IgG-ssDNA did not show influence on the performance of CANi for the detection of insulin. Under optimized conditions, the sensitivity for detection of salivary insulin was 10 fg/ml with a linear range from 10 fg/ml to 1 ng/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Lin
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gonglei Wang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, Ministry of Education, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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10
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Zhou C, Chu Z, Hou W, Wang X. Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Sensitive Detection of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9. Front Chem 2021; 8:592445. [PMID: 33718326 PMCID: PMC7954120 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.592445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted considerable attention in detection of biological analytes and bioimaging owing to their superior optical properties, including high photochemical stability, sharp emission bandwidth, large anti-Stokes shifts, and low toxicity. In this work, we fabricated UCNP-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) for the sensitive detection of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). The design is based on amino-functionalized SiO2-coated Gd-doped NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs@SiO2-NH2) as a direct background-free luminescent reporter; a secondary anti-IgG antibody (Ab2) was conjugated to the surface of UCNPs@SiO2-NH2 (UCNP-Ab2), and UCNP-Ab2 was used for specific targeting of CA19-9. The UCNPs were well characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and UV-vis. The detection process was similar to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). UCNPs were used as signal transducer to replace the color compounds for an enzyme-mediated signal amplification step. An anti-CA19-9 primary antibody (Ab1) was fixed for capturing the CA19-9, and the fluorescence signal was obtained from the specific immunoreaction between UCNP-Ab2 and CA19-9. Under optimum conditions, this ULISA shows sensitive detection of CA19-9 with a dynamic range of 5-2,000 U/ml. The ULISA system shows higher detection sensitivity and wider detection range compared with the traditional ELISA for CA19-9 detection. This strategy using UCNPs as signal transducer may pave a new avenue for the exploration of rare doped UCNPs in ELISA assay for clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Zhou
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyun Chu
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyue Hou
- School of Intellectual Property, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Wang
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Kaneko R, Kawamura M, Kishimura A, Mori T, Katayama Y. Effect of a Chloroacetyl Modification on the Suppression of Dissociation of a Fluorescent Molecule from Cells for Antigen-Specific Cell Staining. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:529-532. [PMID: 33390414 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20scn03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We previously developed a hydrolase-based fluorescence amplification method for antigen-specific cell labelling, in which fluorescent substrates stained cells by a non-covalent hydrophobic interaction. To improve the substrates retention in cells, we examined the effect of a chloroacetyl group modification on the substrate retention. We found that the chloroacetyl group suppressed the dissociation of the substrate after forming a covalent bond with intracellular proteins. However, the slow reaction speed of the chloroacetyl group allowed dissociation for cells in the early stage of the staining reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kaneko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | | | - Akihiro Kishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University.,Graduate School of System Life Science, Kyushu University.,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University.,International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University.,Graduate School of System Life Science, Kyushu University.,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University.,Graduate School of System Life Science, Kyushu University.,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University.,International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University.,Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University
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12
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Esrafili A, Wagner A, Inamdar S, Acharya AP. Covalent Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002090. [PMID: 33475260 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous organic polymeric materials that are composed of organic elements and linked together by the thermodynamically stable covalent bonds. The applications of COFs in energy sector and drug delivery are afforded because of the desirable properties of COFs, such as high stability, low density, large surface area, multidimensionality, porosity, and high-ordered crystalline structure expanded. In this review COFs are reviewed, from the perspective of different types of reported COFs, different methods for their synthesis, and their potential applications in the biomedical field. The main goal of this review is to introduce COFs as a biomaterial and to identify specific advantages of different types of COFs that can be exploited for specialized biomedical applications, such as immune engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Esrafili
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Avery Wagner
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Sahil Inamdar
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Abhinav P. Acharya
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
- Biological Design Graduate Program School for Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
- Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy Vaccines and Virotherapy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
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13
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Li H, Li M, Yang Y, Wang F, Wang F, Li C. Aptamer-Linked CRISPR/Cas12a-Based Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3209-3216. [PMID: 33497205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas system has shown great promising applications in the area of nucleic acid biosensing. However, because of the dearth of versatile signal transduction strategies, this system is usually compromised to low versatility, moderate sensitivity, and complex operation for non-nucleic acid targets, limiting its clinical transition. Herein, we describe a direct method to establish the correlation between non-nucleic acid analytes and the CRISPR/Cas12a system using a series of rationally designed, aptamer-flanked activator DNA strands, which enable ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers from different species, greatly broadening the possibility of the CRISPR/Cas system in bioanalysis. Meanwhile, the signal output is highly optional and the sensing principle is akin to the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), so it can be directly imposed on the currently available ELISA platform, further facilitating its application in medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Menglu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yucai Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
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14
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Sun LP, Huang Y, Huang T, Yuan Z, Lin W, Sun Z, Yang M, Xiao P, Ma J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Guan BO. Optical Microfiber Reader for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14141-14148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Tiansheng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zihao Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wenfu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zonghua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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15
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Szunerits S, Mishyn V, Grabowska I, Boukherroub R. Electrochemical cardiovascular platforms: Current state of the art and beyond. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 131:287-298. [PMID: 30851492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death within industrialized nations as well as an increasing cause of mortality and morbidity in many developing countries. Smoking, alcohol consumption and increased level of blood cholesterol are the main CVD risk factors. Other factors, such as the prevalence of overweight/obesity and diabetes, have increased considerably in recent decades and are indirect causes of CVD. Among CVDs, the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents the most common cause of emergency hospital admission. Since the prognosis of ACS is directly associated with timely initiation of revascularization, missed, misdiagnosis or late diagnosis have unfavorable medical implications. Early ACS diagnosis can reduce complications and risk of recurrence, finally decreasing the economic burden posed on the health care system as a whole. To decrease the risk of ACS and related CVDs and to reduce associated costs to healthcare systems, a fast management of patients with chest pain has become crucial and urgent. Despite great efforts, biochemical diagnostic approaches of CVDs remain difficult and controversial medical challenges as cardiac biomarkers should be rapidly released into the blood at the time of ischemia and persistent for a sufficient length of time to allow diagnostics, with tests that should be rapid, easy to perform and relatively inexpensive. Early biomarker assessments have involved testing for the total enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK), which cardiac troponins being the main accepted biomarkers for diagnosing myocardial injury and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To allow rapid diagnosis, it is necessary to replace the traditional biochemical assays by cardiac biosensor platforms. Among the numerous of possibilities existing today, electrochemical biosensors are important players as they have many of the required characteristics for point-of-care tests. Electrochemical based cardiac biosensors are highly adapted for monitoring the onset and progress of cardiovascular diseases in a fast and accurate manner, while being cheap and scalable devices. This review outlines the state of the art in the development of cardiac electrochemical sensors for the detection of different cardiac biomarkers ranging from troponin to BNP, N-terminal proBNP, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Vladyslav Mishyn
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
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16
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Lorenson MY, Chen KHE, Walker AM. Enzyme-linked oligonucleotide hybridization assay for direct oligo measurement in blood. Biol Methods Protoc 2019; 4:bpy014. [PMID: 32395619 PMCID: PMC7200967 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpy014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Small oligonucleotides (oligos) are increasingly being utilized as diagnostics or treatments for disease. An impediment to broader use is the ability to readily measure oligos in biological fluids. Here, we describe a very straightforward assay with detection in the sub-picomole range that does not require extraction from serum/plasma or polymerization chain reaction amplification. As a result, there are no losses or errors due to sample handling, and the assay can be used to measure oligos modified in a variety of ways that increase therapeutic efficacy. The enzyme-linked oligonucleotide hybridization assay (ELOHA) is based on competition with a detection oligo for hybridization to a capture oligo covalently linked to a solid substrate. The versatility of ELOHAs is demonstrated by application to the measurement of three oligos, including two morpholino-oligos with 3′-octaguanidine derivatization for efficient cell uptake. The third oligo is unmodified and has a DNA sequence equivalent to miR93. The assays have sensitivity as low as 0.28 pmol/sample reaction at 50% hybridization. Adding to clinical utility is the need for only a simple 96-well absorbance plate reader and the finding that neither EDTA nor heparin interferes with detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Y Lorenson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Kuan-Hui Ethan Chen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Ameae M Walker
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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17
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Jiménez-Sánchez G, Terrat C, Verrier B, Gigmes D, Trimaille T. Improving bioassay sensitivity through immobilization of bio-probes onto reactive micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8062-8065. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a straightforward approach based on reactive copolymer micelles to improve bioassay sensitivity through enhanced probe accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Terrat
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- UMR 5305
- Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique
- IBCP
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- UMR 5305
- Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique
- IBCP
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire
- Marseille
- France
| | - Thomas Trimaille
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire
- Marseille
- France
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18
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Acharya AP, Little SR. Stapled endosome disrupting alginate particles for cytosolic delivery of cations. J Drug Target 2016; 23:690-7. [PMID: 26453164 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1048517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Divalent cations, the most prevalent minerals in the body, are responsible for a wide variety of cellular functions including signaling, proliferation, differentiation and cell death, and therefore their transmembrane transportation is tightly regulated. Despite the importance of divalent cations in cell activity, there are currently no intracellular delivery methods for divalent cations or modulation of intracellular levels of minerals. Here, we describe endosome disrupting alginate nanoparticles termed Alginoketals, which can deliver divalent cations to the cytosol of the cells. Alginoketals are generated by crosslinking alginic acid with endosome disrupting ketals, and using divalent cations as the stapling or binding agent. We show that Alginoketals were able to deliver copper (II) in the cytosol of the cancer cells thereby disrupting copper homeostasis and inducing cell death via accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Alginoketal-copper (II)-based particles act as superoxide dismutase mimics and are the first class of divalent cation delivery vehicles, with potential application in cancer therapy, regenerative medicine and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav P Acharya
- a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Steven R Little
- a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
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19
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Li C, Yang Y, Wu D, Li T, Yin Y, Li G. Improvement of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the multicolor detection of biomarkers. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3011-3016. [PMID: 29997790 PMCID: PMC6004922 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An activatable graphene-based nanoprobe is used to develop a multicolor immunosorbent assay for the detection of tumor protein biomarkers.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that is dependent on enzyme amplification has dominated the current field of protein detection; however, limited multiple detection ability and susceptible enzymatic reactions, and low sensitivity may severely hinder its application. Here, we report a new signal amplification scheme based on allochroic molecule modified carboxyl graphene oxide (cGO), which can be used to develop a multicolor immunoassay named as allochroic-cGO linked immunosorbent assay (ALISA). Thanks to high adsorption levels and a wide selection of allochroic molecules, the simultaneous colorimetric detection of diagnostic biomarkers at a picogram level can be successfully achieved for the first time. In addition, the color change triggered by acidic or basic water can provide a simple, rapid, stable and economical signal output, further meeting the growing biodetection requirements. Moreover, with the help of ALISA, we demonstrate that the combined detection of three tumor biomarkers, including carcino-embryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, and cytokeratin-19 fragment, is more valuable for differentiating lung cancer patients than the detection of a single biomarker, further manifesting the superiority of ALISA. All in all, this straightforward approach not only opens up new prospects for multicolor immunoassays, but also has great potential for applications in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , Department of Biochemistry , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China .
| | - Yucai Yang
- Department of Oncology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210029 , China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , Department of Biochemistry , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China .
| | - Tianqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , Department of Biochemistry , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China .
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210029 , China
| | - Genxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , Department of Biochemistry , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China . .,Laboratory of Biosensing Technology , School of Life Sciences , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China
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20
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Jiang S, Penner MH. Selective oxidation of enzyme extracts for improved quantification of peroxidase activity. Anal Biochem 2015; 476:20-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Acharya AP, Sen P, Aran K, Gardner AB, Rafi M, Dean D, Murthy N. A turn-off fluorescent substrate for horseradish peroxidase improves the sensitivity of ELISAs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav P. Acharya
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley California 94720
| | - Payel Sen
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute; Oakland California 94609
| | - Kiana Aran
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley California 94720
| | - Austin B. Gardner
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley California 94720
| | - Mohammad Rafi
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley California 94720
| | - Deborah Dean
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute; Oakland California 94609
- UCSF and UCB Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering; Berkeley California 94720
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley California 94720
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